Exhortation to the Greeks 2.38
Summary: The pagans' own cult titles betray the human and ridiculous origin of their gods: a Zeus Agamemnon, a “Strangled” Artemis, a “Gaping” Apollo.
Greek text · Stählin 1:28–29
Ἤδη δὲ καὶ αὐτοὶ φαίνονται οἱ δεισιδαίμονες ἄκοντες μέν, ὅμως δʼ οὖν συνιέντες τὴν πλάνην τὴν περὶ τοὺς θεούς· οὐ γὰρ ἀπὸ δρυός εἰσι παλαιφάτου οὐδʼ ἀπὸ πέτρης, ἀλλʼ ἀνδρῶν γένος εἰσί, μικρὸν δὲ ὕστερον καὶ δρύες ὄντες εὑρεθήσονται καὶ πέτραι. Ἀγαμέμνονα γοῦν τινα Δία ἐν Σπάρτῃ τιμᾶσθαι Στάφυλος ἱστορεῖ· Φανοκλῆς δὲ ἐν Ἔρωσιν ἢ Καλοῖς Ἀγαμέμνονα τὸν Ἑλλήνων βασιλέα Ἀργύννου νεὼν Ἀφροδίτης ἵστασθαι ἐπʼ Ἀργύννῳ τῷ ἐρωμένῳ. Ἄρτεμιν δὲ Ἀρκάδες Ἀπαγχομένην καλουμένην προστρέπονται, ὥς φησι Καλλίμαχος ἐν Αἰτίοις. καὶ Κονδυλῖτις ἐν Μηθύμνῃ ἑτέρα τετίμηται Ἄρτεμις. ἔστι δὲ καὶ Ποδάγρας ἄλλης Ἀρτέμιδος ἐν τῇ Λακωνικῇ ἱερόν, ὥς φησι Σωσίβιος. Πολέμων δὲ Κεχηνότος Ἀπόλλωνος οἶδεν ἄγαλμα, καὶ Ὀψοφάγου πάλιν Ἀπόλλωνος ἄλλο ἐν Ἤλιδι τιμώμενον. ἐνταῦθα Ἀπομυίῳ Διὶ θύουσιν Ἠλεῖοι· Ῥωμαῖοι δὲ Ἀπομυίῳ Ἡρακλεῖ καὶ Πυρετῷ δὲ καὶ Φόβῳ θύουσιν, οὓς καὶ αὐτοὺς μετὰ τῶν ἀμφὶ τὸν Ἡρακλέα ἐγγράφουσιν.
English · Claude translation
And now even the superstitious themselves appear to understand, unwillingly but nonetheless, the error about the gods; for they are not “from an oak of ancient story, nor from a rock,” but “are of the race of men,” and a little later they will be found to be oaks and rocks as well. Staphylus records, for example, that a certain Zeus Agamemnon is honored in Sparta; and Phanocles, in his Loves or Beautiful Boys, says that Agamemnon, the king of the Greeks, founded a temple of Aphrodite Argynnis for Argynnus, his beloved. The Arcadians pray to an Artemis called “the Strangled,” as Callimachus says in the Causes; and at Methymna another Artemis is honored, Condylitis (“of the Knuckle”). There is also in Laconia a temple of yet another Artemis, “Gout,” as Sosibius says. Polemon knows of a statue of “Gaping” Apollo, and another of Apollo “the Glutton,” honored in Elis. There the Eleans sacrifice to Zeus “Averter of Flies”; and the Romans sacrifice to Heracles “Averter of Flies,” and to Fever and to Fear, whom they also enroll among Heracles's companions.
About this passage
Notes
Translation notes
- The poetic phrases are from Homer, Odyssey 19.163.
Cite this passage
Clement of Alexandria, Protr. 2.38 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/clement-protrepticus/2/38/).
Plain text
Clement of Alexandria, Protr. 2.38 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/clement-protrepticus/2/38/).
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