Miscellanies 5.13.86
Summary: Faith is a voluntary assent that produces good works; wrongdoing is voluntary, not necessary; and Christ is the door through which alone one rightly enters.
Greek text · Stählin 2:383
Ἤδη δὲ ἡ πίστις εἰ καὶ ἑκούσιος τῆς ψυχῆς συγκατάθεσις, ἀλλὰ ἐργάτις ἀγαθῶν καὶ δικαιοπραγίας θεμέλιος. κἂν ὁ Ἀριστοτέλης τεχνολογῇ, τὸ μὲν ποιεῖν καὶ ἐπὶ τῶν ἀλόγων ζῴων τάσσεσθαι καὶ ἐπὶ ἀψύχων διδάσκων, τὸ δὲ πράττειν ἀνθρώπων εἶναι μόνων, εὐθυνέτω τοὺς λέγοντας ποιητὴν τῶν ὅλων τὸν θεόν. τὸ δὲ πρακτὸν ἢ ὡς ἀγαθὸν ἢ ὡς ἀναγκαῖόν φησι. τὸ τοίνυν ἀδικεῖν ἀγαθὸν οὐκ ἔστιν (οὐδεὶς γὰρ εἰ μὴ διά τι ἕτερον ἀδικεῖ), τῶν δὲ ἀναγκαίων οὐδὲν ἑκούσιον· τὸ τοίνυν ἀδικεῖν ἑκούσιον, ὥστε οὐδὲ ἀναγκαῖον. τῶν δὲ φαύλων οἱ σπουδαῖοι μάλιστα ταῖς τε αἱρέσεσι καὶ ταῖς ἀστείαις ἐπιθυμίαις διαφέρουσιν. πᾶσα γὰρ μοχθηρία ψυχῆς μετὰ ἀκρασίας ἐστίν, καὶ ὁ διὰ πάθος πράττων διʼ ἀκρασίαν πράττει καὶ μοχθηρίαν. ἔπεισιν οὖν μοι παρʼ ἕκαστα θαυμάζειν τὴν θείαν ἐκείνην φωνήν· ἀμὴν ἀμήν, λέγω ὑμῖν· ὁ μὴ εἰσερχόμενος διὰ τῆς θύρας εἰς τὴν αὐλήν τῶν προβάτων, ἀλλὰ ἀναβαίνων ἀλλαχόθεν, ἐκεῖνος κλέπτης ἐστὶ καὶ λῃστής· ὁ δὲ εἰσερχόμενος διὰ τῆς θύρας ποιμήν ἐστι τῶν προβάτων· τούτῳ ὁ θυρωρὸς ἀνοίγει. εἶτα ἐπεξηγούμενος ὁ κύριος λέγει· ἐγώ εἰμι ἡ θύρα τῶν προβάτων.
English · Claude translation
Now faith, even if it is a voluntary assent of the soul, is nevertheless a worker of good things and the foundation of right conduct. And if Aristotle draws a technical distinction, teaching that “making” is said also of irrational animals and of lifeless things, while “doing” belongs to humans alone, let him correct those who call God the Maker of the universe. What is done, he says, is done either as good or as necessary. Now doing wrong is not good (for no one does wrong except for the sake of something else), and nothing necessary is voluntary; doing wrong, then, is voluntary, and so it is not necessary either. The good differ from the bad most of all in their choices and their noble desires. For all wickedness of soul goes with lack of self-control, and the one who acts through passion acts through lack of self-control and wickedness. It comes over me, then, at every point to wonder at that divine saying: “Truly, truly, I say to you, he who does not enter by the door into the sheepfold, but climbs in by another way, that one is a thief and a robber; but he who enters by the door is the shepherd of the sheep; to him the doorkeeper opens.” Then the Lord explains and says: “I am the door of the sheep.”
About this passage
Notes
Translation notes
- The Aristotelian distinction between making and doing is at Nicomachean Ethics 6.4 (1140a) and elsewhere; the exact source of Clement's paraphrase is uncertain. The quotations are John 10:1–3 and 10:7.
Cite this passage
Clement of Alexandria, Strom. 5.13.86 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/clement-stromata/5/13/86/).
Plain text
Clement of Alexandria, Strom. 5.13.86 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/clement-stromata/5/13/86/).
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