Miscellanies 7.9.53
Summary: The one who knows speaks as he thinks; like Paul circumcising Timothy, he may accommodate himself to others for their salvation without hypocrisy, but he never lies deceitfully.
Greek text · Stählin 2
Πᾶν ἄρα ὅτιπερ ἂν ἐν νῷ, τοῦτο καὶ ἐπὶ γλώσσης φέρει πρὸς τοὺς ἐπαΐειν ἀξίους ἐκ τῆς συγκαταθέσεως, [καὶ] ἀπὸ γνώμης λέγων ἅμα καὶ βιούς. ἀληθῆ τε γὰρ φρονεῖ ἅμα καὶ ἀληθεύει, πλὴν εἰ μή ποτε ἐν θεραπείας μέρει, καθάπερ ἰατρὸς πρὸς νοσοῦντας ἐπὶ σωτηρίᾳ τῶν καμνόντων, ψεύσεται ἢ ψεῦδος ἐρεῖ κατὰ τοὺς σοφιστάς. αὐτίκα Τιμόθεον ὁ γενναῖος περιέτεμεν ἀπόστολος, κεκραγὼς καὶ γράφων περιτομὴν τὴν χειροποίητον οὐδὲν ὠφελεῖν· ἀλλʼ ἵνα μή, ἀθρόως ἀποσπῶν τοῦ νόμου πρὸς τὴν ἐκ πίστεως τῆς καρδίας περιτομήν, ἀφηνιάζοντας ἔτι τοὺς ἀκροωμένους τῶν Ἑβραίων ἀπορρῆξαι τῆς συναγωγῆς ἀναγκάσῃ, συμπεριφερόμενος Ἰουδαίοις »Ἰουδαῖος ἐγένετο, ἵνα πάντας κερδήσῃ«. ὁ τοίνυν μέχρι τῆς συμπεριφορᾶς [διὰ τὴν τῶν πέλας σωτηρίαν] συγκαταβαίνων ψιλῆς διὰ τὴν τῶν διʼ οὓς συμπεριφέρεται σωτηρίαν, οὐδεμιᾶς ὑποκρίσεως διὰ τὸν ἐπηρτημένον τοῖς δικαίοις ἀπὸ τῶν ζηλούντων κίνδυνον μετέχων, οὗτος οὐδαμῶς ἀναγκάζεται· ἐπὶ δὲ τῶν πλησίον ὠφελείᾳ μόνῃ ποιήσει τινά, ἃ οὐκ ἂν προηγουμένως αὐτῷ πραχθείη, εἰ μὴ διʼ ἐκείνους ποιοίη. οὗτος ἑαυτὸν ἐπιδίδωσιν ὑπὲρ τῆς ἐκκλησίας, ὑπὲρ τῶν γνωρίμων οὓς αὐτὸς »ἐγέννησεν« ἐν πίστει, εἰς ὑπόδειγμα τοῖς διαδέξασθαι τὴν ἄκραν οἰκονομίαν τοῦ φιλανθρώπου καὶ φιλοθέου παιδευτοῦ δυναμένοις. εἰς παράστασιν τῆς ἀληθείας τῶν λόγων. εἰς ἐνέργειαν τῆς ἀγάπης τῆς πρὸς τὸν κύριον. ἀδούλωτος οὗτος ἐν φόβῳ, ἀληθὴς ἐν λόγῳ, καρτερικὸς ἐν πόνῳ, μηδὲ ἐν τῷ προφορικῷ λόγῳ ψεύσασθαι θέλων ποτὲ κἀν τούτῳ τὸ ἀναμάρτητον πάντοτε κατορθῶν. ἐπεὶ τὸ ψεῦδος αὐτό, ἅτε μετά τινος δόλου εἰρημένον, οὐκ ἀργός ἐστι λόγος, ἀλλʼ εἰς κακίαν ἐνεργεῖ.
English · Claude translation
Whatever, then, is in his mind he also brings to his tongue for those worthy to hear, out of conviction, speaking and living from the heart at once. For he both thinks what is true and speaks the truth, unless at some time, by way of treatment, as a physician does with the sick for the recovery of his patients, he will lie or tell a falsehood, as the sophists put it. For instance, the noble apostle circumcised Timothy, though he cried aloud and wrote that circumcision made with hands profits nothing. But so that he might not, by tearing the Hebrew hearers all at once away from the law toward the circumcision of the heart that comes from faith, force them, still restive, to break away from the synagogue, he accommodated himself to the Jews and “became a Jew, to gain all.” So the one who condescends as far as mere accommodation for the salvation of those for whose sake he accommodates himself, taking no part in hypocrisy on account of the danger hanging over the righteous from those who are zealous, is in no way compelled; but for the benefit of his neighbors alone he will do some things which he would not do of his own choice, were he not doing them for their sake. He gives himself for the church, for the disciples whom he himself “has begotten” in faith, as an example to those who are able to take up the supreme stewardship of the teacher who loves humanity and loves God, to demonstrate the truth of his words, and to put into action his love for the Lord. He is unenslaved in fear, true in word, enduring in toil, never willing to lie even in spoken word, and in this too always maintaining sinlessness. For a lie itself, since it is spoken with some deceit, is not an idle word, but works toward vice.
About this passage
Notes
Translation notes
- The allusions are Acts 16:3 (Timothy), Gal 5:2, 6 and Rom 2:29 (circumcision), 1 Cor 9:20–22 (“became a Jew”), 1 Cor 4:15 (“begotten”), and Matt 12:36 (idle word). “Lie or tell a falsehood” reflects the sophists' distinction between deliberate lying and saying what is false. The bracketed words “for the salvation of his neighbors” are marked by Stählin for deletion.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (missing breathing on ἐγέννησεν; stray period in the digital text): »Ἰουδαῖος ἐγένετο. ἵνα → »Ἰουδαῖος ἐγένετο, ἵνα; »εγέννησεν« → »ἐγέννησεν«.
Cite this passage
Clement of Alexandria, Strom. 7.9.53 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/clement-stromata/7/9/53/).
Plain text
Clement of Alexandria, Strom. 7.9.53 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/clement-stromata/7/9/53/).
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