Panarion (Medicine Chest Against Heresies), Haer. 1-64 34.9.1–34.18.17
Greek text: Holl, GCS 25/31 (Greek text: Karl Holl, ed., Epiphanius, Bände 1-2 (GCS 25, 1915, and GCS 31, 1922, Leipzig: Hinrichs), digitized by the First Thousand Years of Greek project (Open Greek and Latin), CC BY-SA 4.0. The digitized file's own metadata describes it as spanning Holl's volumes 1-3 (1915-1933), but its text in fact ends at Haer. 64 (confirmed: the last division is Haer. 64, on Origen, matching the end of GCS 31); Holl's third volume (GCS 37, 1933) is not present in this digital text.).English: Claude (claude-opus-5-5), public domain (CC0).
Haer. 34, chapter 9
34.9.1Holl GCS 25/31:18–19
9. Ὁ δὲ Ἰησοῦς ταύτην ἔχει, φησί, τὴν ἄρρητον γένεσιν. ἀπὸ γὰρ τῆς Μητρὸς τῶν ὅλων, τῆς πρώτης τετράδος, ἐν θυγατρὸς τόπῳ προῆλθεν ἡ δευτέρα τετρὰς καὶ ἐγένετο ὀγδοάς, ἐξ ἧς προῆλθεν δεκάς. οὕτως ἐγένετο δεκὰς καὶ ὀγδοάς.
9. Ho de Iēsous tautēn echei, phēsi, tēn arrēton genesin. apo gar tēs Mētros tōn holōn, tēs prōtēs tetrados, en thygatros topǭ proēlthen hē deutera tetras kai egeneto ogdoas, ex hēs proēlthen dekas. houtōs egeneto dekas kai ogdoas.
"Jesus, he says, has this ineffable origin. From the Mother of all, the first tetrad, the second tetrad came forth in the place of a daughter, and there came to be an ogdoad, from which a decad came forth. So there came to be a decad and an ogdoad."
Notes and citation
Summary: Jesus's 'ineffable origin' is traced through tetrads, ogdoad and decad.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.15.2.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.15.2 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy, Christology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.9.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:18–19; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-9-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.9.2Holl GCS 25/31:19
ἡ οὗν δεκὰς ἐπισυνελθοῦσα τῇ ὀγδοάδι καὶ δεκαπλασίονα αὐτὴν ποιήσασα τὸv τῶν ὀγδοήκοντα προεβίβασεν ἀριθμόν, καὶ τὰ ὀγδοήκοντα πάλιν δεκαπλασιάσασα τὸν τῶν ὀκτακοσίων ἀριθμὸν ἐγέννησεν, ὥστε τὸν ἅπαντα τῶν γραμμάτων ἀριθμὸν ἀπὸ ὀγδοάδος εἰς δεκάδα προελθόντα ݲ καὶ ݲ καὶ ݲ, ὅ ἐστιν Ἰησοῦς.
hē houn dekas episynelthousa tę̄ ogdoadi kai dekaplasiona autēn poiēsasa tov tōn ogdoēkonta proebibasen arithmon, kai ta ogdoēkonta palin dekaplasiasasa ton tōn oktakosiōn arithmon egennēsen, hōste ton hapanta tōn grammatōn arithmon apo ogdoados eis dekada proelthonta ݲ kai ݲ kai ݲ, ho estin Iēsous.
"The decad, then, joining the ogdoad and making it tenfold, brought forth the number eighty; and making the eighty tenfold again, it begot the number eight hundred; so that the whole number of the letters, proceeding from ogdoad to decad, is eight hundred and eighty and eight, which is Jesus."
Notes and citation
Summary: Eight, eighty and eight hundred make 888, the number of 'Jesus'.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.15.2. The numerals are garbled in the digital text; the sum 888 is the numerical value of Ἰησοῦς.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.15.2 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy, Christology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.9.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:19; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-9-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.9.3Holl GCS 25/31:19
τὸ γὰρ Ἰησοῦς ὄνομα κατὰ τὸν ἐν τοῖς γράμμασιν ἀριθμὸν ὀκτακόσιά ἐστιν ὀγδοήκοντα ὀκτώ. ἔχεις σαφῶς καὶ τὴν ὑπερουράνιον τοῦ· Ἰησοῦ κατʼ αὐτοὺς γένεσιν.
to gar Iēsous onoma kata ton en tois grammasin arithmon oktakosia estin ogdoēkonta oktō. echeis saphōs kai tēn hyperouranion tou; Iēsou katʼ autous genesin.
"For the name Jesus, by the number in its letters, is eight hundred and eighty-eight. You have plainly, then, the supercelestial origin of Jesus according to them."
Notes and citation
Summary: The letters of 'Jesus' add up to 888.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.15.2.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.15.2 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy, Christology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.9.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:19; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-9-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.9.4Holl GCS 25/31:19
διὰ καὶ τὸν ἀλφάβητον τῶν Ἑλλήνων ἔχειν μονάδας ὀκτὼ καὶ δεκάδας ὀκτὼ καὶ εκατοντάδας ὀκτώ, τὴν τῶν ὀκτακοσίων ὀγδοήκοντα ὀκτὼ ψῆφον ἐπιδεικνύοντα, τουτέστι τὸν Ἰησοῦν, ἐκ [τῶν] πάντων συνεστῶτα τῶν καὶ διὰ τοῦτο ἄλφα καὶ ω ὀνομίζεσθαι αὐτόν, τὴν ἐκ πάντων γένεσιν σημαίνοντα.
dia kai ton alphabēton tōn Hellēnōn echein monadas oktō kai dekadas oktō kai ekatontadas oktō, tēn tōn oktakosiōn ogdoēkonta oktō psēphon epideiknyonta, toutesti ton Iēsoun, ek [tōn] pantōn synestōta tōn kai dia touto alpha kai ō onomizesthai auton, tēn ek pantōn genesin sēmainonta.
"That is why the Greek alphabet has eight units, eight tens and eight hundreds, showing the number eight hundred and eighty-eight, that is, Jesus, who consists of all the numbers; and that is why he is called alpha and omega, signifying his origin from all."
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Rev 1:8 (allusion, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The Greek alphabet's structure is said to show 888.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.15.2. The editor deletes τῶν ('the').
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR slip.): ὀκτὼν καὶ → ὀκτὼ καὶ.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.15.2 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy, Christology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.9.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:19; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-9-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.9.5Holl GCS 25/31:19
καἰ πάλιν οὕτως· τῆς πρώτης τετράδος κατὰ πρόβασιν ἀριθμοῦ εἰς αὑτὴν συντιθεμένης ὁ τῶν δέκα ανεφάνη ἀριθμός. μία γὰρ καἰ δύο καὶ τρεῖς καὶ τέσσαρες ἐπὶ τὸ αὐτὸ συντεθεῖσαι δέκα γίνονται, ὅ ἐστιν #x772;, καὶ τοῦτʼ εἶναι θέλουσι τὸν Ἰησοῦν.
kai palin houtōs; tēs prōtēs tetrados kata probasin arithmou eis hautēn syntithemenēs ho tōn deka anephanē arithmos. mia gar kai dyo kai treis kai tessares epi to auto syntetheisai deka ginontai, ho estin #x772?, kai toutʼ einai thelousi ton Iēsoun.
"And again thus: when the first tetrad is added up to itself by progression of number, the number ten appeared. For one and two and three and four put together make ten, which is iota; and they hold that this is Jesus."
Notes and citation
Summary: One plus two plus three plus four makes ten, iota, the initial of Jesus.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.15.2. The numeral sign is garbled in the digital text.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR slips.): ἐπὸ τὸ αὐτὸς → ἐπὶ τὸ αὐτὸ.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.15.2 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy, Christology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.9.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:19; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-9-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.9.6Holl GCS 25/31:19
ἀλλὰ καὶ ὁ Χρειστός, φησί, γραμμάτων ὀκτὼ ὢν τὴν πρώτην ὀγδοάδα σημαίνει, ἥτις τῷ ι συμπλακεῖσα τὸν Ἰησοῦν ἀπεκύησε.
alla kai ho Chreistos, phēsi, grammatōn oktō ōn tēn prōtēn ogdoada sēmainei, hētis tǭ i symplakeisa ton Iēsoun apekyēse.
"And Chreistos too, he says, being of eight letters, signifies the first ogdoad, which, entwined with the iota, brought forth Jesus."
Notes and citation
Summary: 'Christ' with eight letters signifies the first ogdoad.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.15.2.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.15.2 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy, Christology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.9.6 (Holl GCS 25/31:19; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-9-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.9.7Holl GCS 25/31:19–20
λέγεται δέ, φησί, καὶ Υἱὸς Χρειστός, τουτέστιν Ἡ δωδεκάς· τὸ γὰρ Υἱὸς ὄνομα γραμμάτων ἐστὶ τεσσάρων, τὸ δὲ Χρειστὸς ὀκτώ· ἅτινα συντεθέντα τὸ τῆς δωδεκάδος ἐπέδειξαν μέγεθος.
legetai de, phēsi, kai Huios Chreistos, toutestin Hē dōdekas; to gar Huios onoma grammatōn esti tessarōn, to de Chreistos oktō; hatina syntethenta to tēs dōdekados epedeixan megethos.
"He is also called, he says, Huios Chreistos, that is, the dodecad; for the name Huios has four letters, and Chreistos eight, which put together showed the greatness of the dodecad."
Notes and citation
Summary: 'Son Christ' makes twelve letters.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.15.2.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR slip.): τεσάρων → τεσσάρων.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.15.2 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy, Christology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.9.7 (Holl GCS 25/31:19–20; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-9-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.9.8Holl GCS 25/31:20
πρὶν μὲν οὖν φησί, τούτου τοῦ ὀνόματος τὸ ἐπίσημον φανῆναι;, τουτέστιν τὸν Ἰησοῦν τὸν Υἱόν, ἐν ἀγνοίᾳ πολλῇ ὑπῆρχον οἱ ἄνθρωποι καὶ πλάνῃ·
prin men oun phēsi, toutou tou onomatos to episēmon phanēnai?, toutestin ton Iēsoun ton Huion, en agnoią pollę̄ hypērchon hoi anthrōpoi kai planę̄;
"Before, then, he says, the notable sign of this name appeared, that is, Jesus the Son, men were in great ignorance and error;"
Notes and citation
Summary: Before the name appeared, people were in ignorance.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.15.2.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.15.2 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy, Christology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.9.8 (Holl GCS 25/31:20; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-9-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.9.9Holl GCS 25/31:20
ὅτε δὲ ἐφανερώθη τὸ ἑξαγράμματον ὄνομα, ὃ σάρκα περιεβάλετο, ἵνα εἰς τὴν αἴσθησιν τοῦ ἀνθρώπου κατέλθῃ, ἔχον ἐν ἑαυτῷ αὐτὰ τὰ ἓξ καὶ τὰ εἰκοσιτέσσαρα, τότε γνότες † αὐτὸν ἐπαύσαντο τῆς ἀγνοίας, ἐκ θανάτου δὲ εἰς ζωὴν ἀνῆλθον, τοῦ ὀνόματος αὐτοῖς ὁδοῦ γενηθέντος πρὸς τὸν Πατέρα τῆς ἀληθείας.
hote de ephanerōthē to hexagrammaton onoma, ho sarka periebaleto, hina eis tēn aisthēsin tou anthrōpou katelthę̄, echon en heautǭ auta ta hex kai ta eikositessara, tote gnotes † auton epausanto tēs agnoias, ek thanatou de eis zōēn anēlthon, tou onomatos autois hodou genēthentos pros ton Patera tēs alētheias.
"but when the six-letter name was revealed, which put on flesh so as to come down to man's perception, having in itself the six and the twenty-four, then, knowing it, they ceased from their ignorance and went up from death to life, the name becoming for them a way to the Father of truth."
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
John 5:24 (echo, medium confidence) · John 14:6 (echo, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The revealed name led people from ignorance and death to life.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.15.2. The edition marks a corrupt place (†).
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.15.2 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy, Christology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.9.9 (Holl GCS 25/31:20; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-9-9). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.9.10Holl GCS 25/31:20
τεθεληκέναι γὰρ τὸν Πατέρα τῶν ὅλων λῦσαι τὴν ἄγνοιαν καὶ καθελεῖν τὸν θάνατον. ἀγνοίας δὲ λύσις ἡ ἐπίγνωσις αὐτοῦ ἐγίνετο. καὶ διὰ τοῦτο ἐκλεχθῆναι τὸν κατὰ τὸ θέλημα αὐτοῦ κατʼ εἰκόνα τῆς ἄνω δυνάμεως οἰκονομηθέντα Ἄνθρωπον.
tethelēkenai gar ton Patera tōn holōn lysai tēn agnoian kai kathelein ton thanaton. agnoias de lysis hē epignōsis autou egineto. kai dia touto eklechthēnai ton kata to thelēma autou katʼ eikona tēs anō dynameōs oikonomēthenta Anthrōpon.
"For the Father of all willed to dissolve ignorance and destroy death. And the dissolution of ignorance was the knowledge of him. And for this reason the Man was chosen who was arranged according to his will in the image of the power above."
Notes and citation
Summary: The Father willed to end ignorance through knowledge of himself.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.15.2.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.15.2 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy, Christology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.9.10 (Holl GCS 25/31:20; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-9-10). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 34, chapter 10
34.10.1Holl GCS 25/31:20
Ἀπὸ τετράδος γὰρ * προῆλθον οἱ Αἰῶνες. ἦν δὲ ἐν τῇ τετράδι Ἄνθρωπος καὶ ἡ] Ἐκκλησία, Λόγος καὶ Ζωή. ἀπὸ τούτων οὖν δυνάμεις, φησίν, ἀπορρυεῖσαι ἐγενεσιούργησαν τὸν ἐπὶ γῆς φανέντα Ἰησοῦν.
Apo tetrados gar * proēlthon hoi Aiōnes. ēn de en tę̄ tetradi Anthrōpos kai hē] Ekklēsia, Logos kai Zōē. apo toutōn oun dynameis, phēsin, aporryeisai egenesiourgēsan ton epi gēs phanenta Iēsoun.
"For from a tetrad … the Aeons came forth. And in the tetrad were Man and Church, Word and Life. From these, he says, powers flowed out and generated the Jesus who appeared on earth."
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Notes and citation
Summary: Powers from the tetrad generated the earthly Jesus.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.15.3. The edition marks a gap (*).
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.15.3 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy, Christology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.10.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:20; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-10-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.10.2Holl GCS 25/31:20
καὶ τοῦ μὲν Λόγου ἀναπεπληρωκέναι τὸν τόπον τὸν ἄγγελον Γαβριήλ, τῆς δὲ Ζωῆς τὸ ἅγιον πνεῦμα, το[ου δὲ Ἀνθρώπου τὴν τοῦ ὑψίστου δύναμιν, τὸν δὲ τῆς Ἐκκλησίας τόπον ἡ παρθένος ἐπέδειξεν.
kai tou men Logou anapeplērōkenai ton topon ton angelon Gabriēl, tēs de Zōēs to hagion pneuma, to[ou de Anthrōpou tēn tou hypsistou dynamin, ton de tēs Ekklēsias topon hē parthenos epedeixen.
"The angel Gabriel filled the place of Word, the Holy Spirit that of Life, the power of the Most High that of Man, and the Virgin showed the place of Church."
Luke 1:35 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The annunciation figures are matched with the tetrad.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.15.3, alluding to Luke 1:26–35.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (Repeated word where the article is required.): τὸ τῆς τῆς Ἐκκλησίας → τὸν δὲ τῆς Ἐκκλησίας.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.15.3 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy, Christology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.10.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:20; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-10-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.10.3Holl GCS 25/31:20
οὕτως τε ὁ κατʼ οἰκονομίαν διὰ τῆς Μαρίας γενεσιουργεῖται παρʼ αὐτῷ ἄνθρωπος, ὃν ὁ Πατὴρ τῶν ὅλων διελθόντα διὰ μήτρας ἐξελέξατο διὰ Λόγου εἰς ἐπίγνωσιν αὐτοῦ.
houtōs te ho katʼ oikonomian dia tēs Marias genesiourgeitai parʼ autǭ anthrōpos, hon ho Patēr tōn holōn dielthonta dia mētras exelexato dia Logou eis epignōsin autou.
"And so, according to him, the man of the dispensation is generated through Mary, whom the Father of all, when he had passed through the womb, chose through the Word for the knowledge of himself."
Notes and citation
Summary: The man of the dispensation was born through Mary and chosen by the Father.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.15.3.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR slip.): οἰκοομίαν → οἰκονομίαν.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.15.3 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy, Christology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.10.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:20; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-10-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.10.4Holl GCS 25/31:20–21
ἐλθόντος δὲ αὐτοῦ εἰς τὸ ὕδωρ κατελθεῖν εἰς αὐτὸν ὡς περιστερὰν τὸν ἀναδραμόντα ἄνω καὶ πληρώσαντα τὸν δωδέκατον ἀριθμόν, ἐν ᾧ ὑπάρχει τὸ σπερμα τούτων τῶν συσπαρέντων αὐτῷ καὶ συγκαταβάντων καὶ συναναβάντων.
elthontos de autou eis to hydōr katelthein eis auton hōs peristeran ton anadramonta anō kai plērōsanta ton dōdekaton arithmon, en hǭ hyparchei to sperma toutōn tōn sysparentōn autǭ kai synkatabantōn kai synanabantōn.
"And when he came to the water, there came down upon him as a dove the one who had run back up above and filled up the twelfth number, in whom is the seed of those sown together with him, who came down and went up with him."
Matt 3:16 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: At the baptism a higher power descended on Jesus like a dove.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.15.3.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.15.3 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy, Christology, Baptism
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.10.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:20–21; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-10-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.10.5Holl GCS 25/31:21
αὐτὴν δὲ τὴν δύναμιν τὴν κατελθοῦσαν σπέρμα φησὶν εἶναι τοῦ Πατρός, ἔχον ἐν ἑαυτῷ καὶ τὸν Πατέρα καὶ τὸν Υἱόν, τήν τε διὰ τούτων γινωσκομένην ἀνονόμαστον δύναμιν τῆς Σιγῆς καὶ τοὺς ἅπαντας Αἰῶνας.
autēn de tēn dynamin tēn katelthousan sperma phēsin einai tou Patros, echon en heautǭ kai ton Patera kai ton Huion, tēn te dia toutōn ginōskomenēn anonomaston dynamin tēs Sigēs kai tous hapantas Aiōnas.
"And the very power that came down, he says, is the seed of the Father, having in itself both the Father and the Son, and the unnameable power of Silence known through them, and all the Aeons."
Notes and citation
Summary: The descending power contains Father, Son, Silence and all the aeons.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.15.3.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR slip.): καὶ τὸ Υἱόν → καὶ τὸν Υἱόν.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.15.3 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy, Christology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.10.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:21; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-10-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.10.6Holl GCS 25/31:21
καὶ τοῦτʼ εἶναι τὸ πνεῦμα τὸ λαλῆσαν διὰ τοῦ στόματος τοῦ Ἰησοῦ, τὸ ὁμολογῆσαν ἑαυτὸ Υἱὸν ἀνθρώπου καὶ φανερῶσαν τὸν Πατέρα· κατελθὸν toi <toi ge> εἰς τὸν Ἰησοῦν ἡνῶσθαι [δʼ] αὐτῷ. καὶ καθεῖλε μὲν τὸν θάνατον, ὁ ἐκ τῆς οἰκονομίας σωτὴρ <Ἰησοῦς> ἐγνώρισε δὲ τὸν Πατέρα † εἶναι οὖν † τὸν Ἰησοῦν ὄνομα μὲν τοῦ ἐκ τῆς οἰκονομίας ἀνθρώπου λέγει,
kai toutʼ einai to pneuma to lalēsan dia tou stomatos tou Iēsou, to homologēsan heauto Huion anthrōpou kai phanerōsan ton Patera; katelthon toi <toi ge> eis ton Iēsoun hēnōsthai [dʼ] autǭ. kai katheile men ton thanaton, ho ek tēs oikonomias sōtēr <Iēsous> egnōrise de ton Patera † einai oun † ton Iēsoun onoma men tou ek tēs oikonomias anthrōpou legei,
"And this is the Spirit that spoke through the mouth of Jesus, that confessed itself Son of Man and revealed the Father, and that, having come down into Jesus, was united with him. And the Saviour ⟨Jesus⟩ from the dispensation destroyed death, but the Christ made known the Father. … He says, then, that Jesus is the name of the man from the dispensation,"
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Notes and citation
Summary: The Spirit in Jesus revealed the Father; 'Jesus' names the man of the dispensation.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.15.3. This section is garbled in the digital text (repeated syllables, Latin letters, corrupt places marked †); translated by sense from Irenaeus. The editor deletes δʼ.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (Repeated syllable.): ὁμολογῆσαν σαν → ὁμολογῆσαν.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.15.3 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy, Christology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.10.6 (Holl GCS 25/31:21; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-10-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.10.7Holl GCS 25/31:21
τεθεῖσθαι δὲ εἰς ἐξομοίωσιν καὶ μόρφωσιν τοῦ μέλλοντος εἰς αὐτὸν κατέρχεσθαι Ἀνθρώπου, ὃν χωρήσαντα αὐτὸν ἐσχηκέναι αὐτόν τε τὸν Ἄνθρωπον, αὐτόν τε τὸν Λόγον καὶ τὸν Πατέρα καὶ τὸν Ἄρρητον καὶ τὴν Σιγὴν καὶ τὴν Αλήθειαν καὶ Ἔκκλησίαν καὶ Ζωήν.
tetheisthai de eis exomoiōsin kai morphōsin tou mellontos eis auton katerchesthai Anthrōpou, hon chōrēsanta auton eschēkenai auton te ton Anthrōpon, auton te ton Logon kai ton Patera kai ton Arrēton kai tēn Sigēn kai tēn Alētheian kai Ekklēsian kai Zōēn.
"given for the likening and forming of the Man who was to come down upon him; and having received him, he had the Man himself, and the Word himself, and the Father, and the Ineffable, and Silence, and Truth, and Church, and Life."
Notes and citation
Summary: Receiving the Man, Jesus contained the whole Ogdoad.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.15.3.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.15.3 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy, Christology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.10.7 (Holl GCS 25/31:21; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-10-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 34, chapter 11
34.11.1Holl GCS 25/31:21
11. Ταῦτʼ ἤδη ὑπὲρ τὸ ἰοὺ ἰοὺ καὶ τὸ φεῦ καὶ ὑπὲρ πᾶσαν τραγικὴν <ἐκ>φώνησιν καὶ σχετλιασμόν ἐστι, τίς γὰρ οὐκ ἂν μισήσειεν τὸν ψευσμάτων † κακοσύνθετον ποιητήν, τὴν μὲν ἀλήθειαν ῥῶν εἴδωλον ὑπὸ Μάρκου γεγονυῖαν καὶ τοῦτο τοῖς τοῦ ἀλφαβήτου γράμμασιν κατεστιγμένην.
11. Tautʼ ēdē hyper to iou iou kai to pheu kai hyper pasan tragikēn <ek>phōnēsin kai schetliasmon esti, tis gar ouk an misēseien ton pseusmatōn † kakosyntheton poiētēn, tēn men alētheian rhōn eidōlon hypo Markou gegonuian kai touto tois tou alphabētou grammasin katestigmenēn.
"These things are already beyond 'Oh, oh!' and 'Alas!' and beyond every tragic exclamation and lament. For who would not hate the evil-composing maker of such lies, seeing Truth made into an idol by Marcus, and that one tattooed with the letters of the alphabet?"
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Notes and citation
Summary: Irenaeus denounces Marcus for turning Truth into an idol of letters.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.15.4. The edition marks a corrupt place (†).
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR slip.): ὑπ]ρε πᾶσαν → ὑπὲρ πᾶσαν; τῖς γὰρ → τίς γὰρ.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.15.4 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.11.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:21; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-11-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.11.2Holl GCS 25/31:21–22
νεωστὶ πρὸς τὸ ἀπʼ ἀρχῆς, τὸ δὴ λεγόμενον χθὲς καὶ πρώην, Ἕλληνες ὁμολογοῦσιν ἀπὸ Κάδμου πρῶτον ἓξ καὶ δέκα παρειληφέναι, εἶτα μετέπειτα προβαινόντων τῶν χρόνων αὐτοὶ ἐξευρηκέναι ποτὲ μὲν τὰ δασέα, ποτὲ δὲ τὰ διπλᾶ, ἔσχατον δὲ πάντων Παλαμήδην φασὶ τὰ μακρὰς τούτοις προστεθεικέναι.
neōsti pros to apʼ archēs, to dē legomenon chthes kai prōēn, Hellēnes homologousin apo Kadmou prōton hex kai deka pareilēphenai, eita metepeita probainontōn tōn chronōn autoi exeurēkenai pote men ta dasea, pote de ta dipla, eschaton de pantōn Palamēdēn phasi ta makras toutois prostetheikenai.
"Recently, compared with the beginning — yesterday and the day before, as the saying goes — the Greeks admit that they first received sixteen [letters] from Cadmus, then afterwards, as time went on, they themselves invented now the aspirates, now the double letters, and last of all, they say, Palamedes added the long ones to these."
Notes and citation
Summary: The Greek alphabet is recent and man-made.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.15.4.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (Word split by a line-end hyphen.): παρειλη- φέναι → παρειληφέναι.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.15.4 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.11.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:21–22; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-11-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.11.3Holl GCS 25/31:22
πρὸ τοῦ οὖν <παρ᾿> Ἕλλησι ταῦτα οὐκ ἦν Ἀλήθεια· τὸ γὰρ σῶμα αὐτῆς κατὰ σέ, Μάρκε, μεταγενέστερον μὲv Κάδμου καὶ τῶν πρὸ αὐτοῦ, μεταγενέστερον δὲ τῶν τὰ λοιπὰ προστεθεικότων στοιχεῖα, μεταγενέστερον δὲ καὶ σαυτοῦ. σὺ γὰρ μόνος <ὡς> εἴδωλον κατήγαγες τὴν ὑπὸ σοῦ λεγομένην Ἀλήθειαν.
pro tou oun <par᾿> Hellēsi tauta ouk ēn Alētheia; to gar sōma autēs kata se, Marke, metagenesteron mev Kadmou kai tōn pro autou, metagenesteron de tōn ta loipa prostetheikotōn stoicheia, metagenesteron de kai sautou. sy gar monos <hōs> eidōlon katēgages tēn hypo sou legomenēn Alētheian.
"Before this happened ⟨among⟩ the Greeks, then, there was no Truth; for her body, according to you, Marcus, is later than Cadmus and those before him, later than those who added the other letters, and later than yourself. For you alone brought down, as an idol, what you call Truth."
Notes and citation
Summary: Marcus's Truth, made of letters, is younger than the alphabet.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.15.4.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR slip.): οὐκ ἦυν → οὐκ ἦν.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.15.4 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.11.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:22; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-11-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.11.4Holl GCS 25/31:22
Τίς δʼ ἀνέξεταί σου τὴν τοσαῦτα φλυαροῦσαν Σιγήν, ἣ τὸν ἀνονόμαστον ὀνομάζει καὶ τὸν ἄρρητον ἐξηγεῖται καὶ τὸν ἀνεξιχνίαστον ἐξιστορεῖ καὶ ἠνοιχέναι τὸ στόμα φησὶν αὐτόν, ὃν ἀσώματον καὶ ἀνείδεον λέγεις, καὶ προενέγκασθαι Λόγον, ὡς ἓν τι τῶν συνθέτων ζᾠων·
Tis dʼ anexetai sou tēn tosauta phlyarousan Sigēn, hē ton anonomaston onomazei kai ton arrēton exēgeitai kai ton anexichniaston existorei kai ēnoichenai to stoma phēsin auton, hon asōmaton kai aneideon legeis, kai proenenkasthai Logon, hōs hen ti tōn synthetōn zǭōn;
"Who will put up with your Silence that babbles so much, which names the unnameable, explains the ineffable, investigates the unsearchable, and says that he whom you call bodiless and formless opened his mouth and put forth a Word, like one of the composite living beings;"
Notes and citation
Summary: Marcus's Silence contradicts itself by naming the unnameable.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.15.5.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR slip.): ἐξιστοτεῖ → ἐξιστορεῖ.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.15.5 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.11.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:22; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-11-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.11.5Holl GCS 25/31:22
τὸν τε Λόγον αὐτοῦ, ὅμοιον ὄντα τῷ προβαλόντι καὶ μορφὴν τοῦ ἀοράτου γεγονότα, στοιχείων μὲν εἶναι τριάκοντα, συλλαβῶν δὲ τεσσάρων· ἔσται οὖν κατὰ τὴν ὁμοιότητα τοῦ Λόγου ὁ Πατὴρ τῶν πάντων, ὡς σὺ φῄς, στοιχείων μὲν τριάκοντα, συλλαβῶν δὲ τεσσάρων.
ton te Logon autou, homoion onta tǭ probalonti kai morphēn tou aoratou gegonota, stoicheiōn men einai triakonta, syllabōn de tessarōn; estai oun kata tēn homoiotēta tou Logou ho Patēr tōn pantōn, hōs sy phę̄s, stoicheiōn men triakonta, syllabōn de tessarōn.
"and that his Word, being like the one who emitted it and having become the form of the invisible, is of thirty elements and four syllables? Then, by the likeness of the Word, the Father of all, as you say, will be of thirty elements and four syllables."
Notes and citation
Summary: By Marcus's logic the Father too would be made of letters.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.15.5.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR slip (accent).): σὺ φᾐς → σὺ φῄς.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.15.5 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.11.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:22; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-11-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.11.6Holl GCS 25/31:22
ἢ πάλιν τίς ἀνέξεταί σου εἰς σχήματα καὶ ἀριθμούς, ποτὲ μὲν τριάκοντα, ποτὲ δὲ εἰκοσιτέσσαρα, ποτὲ δὲ ἓξ μόνον, συγκλείοντος τὸ τῶν πάντων κτιστὴν καὶ δημιουργὸν καὶ ποιητὴν Λόγον τοῦ θεοῦ, κατακερματίζοντός <τε> αὐτὸν εἰς συλλαβὰς τέσσαρας, στοιχεῖα δὲ τριάκοντα, καὶ τὸν μὲν πάντων κύριον,
ē palin tis anexetai sou eis schēmata kai arithmous, pote men triakonta, pote de eikositessara, pote de hex monon, synkleiontos to tōn pantōn ktistēn kai dēmiourgon kai poiētēn Logon tou theou, katakermatizontos <te> auton eis syllabas tessaras, stoicheia de triakonta, kai ton men pantōn kyrion,
"Or again, who will put up with you shutting up in shapes and numbers — now thirty, now twenty-four, now only six — the Word of God, the founder, creator and maker of all things, and chopping him into four syllables and thirty elements; and bringing the Lord of all,"
Notes and citation
Summary: Marcus reduces the Creator Word to syllables and numbers.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.15.5.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR slip.): πριάκοντα → τριάκοντα; εἰκοστιτέσσαρα → εἰκοσιτέσσαρα.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.15.5 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.11.6 (Holl GCS 25/31:22; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-11-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.11.7Holl GCS 25/31:22
τὸν ἐστερεωκότα τοὺς οὐρανούς, εἰς ω#x772 ω#x772; κατάγοντος ἀριθμόν, ὁμοίως καὶ αὐτὸν δὲ τὸν τὰ πάντα χωροῦντα Πατέρα, ἀχώρητον δὲ ὑπάρχοντα, εἰς τετράδα καὶ ὀγδοάδα καὶ δεκάδα καὶ δωδεκάδα ὑπομερίζοντος καὶ διὰ τῶν τοιούτων πολυπλασιασμῶν τὸ ἄρρητον καὶ ἀνεννόητον, ὡς σὺ φῄς, τοῦ Πατρὸς ἐκδιηγουμένου;
ton estereōkota tous ouranous, eis ō#x772 ō#x772? katagontos arithmon, homoiōs kai auton de ton ta panta chōrounta Patera, achōrēton de hyparchonta, eis tetrada kai ogdoada kai dekada kai dōdekada hypomerizontos kai dia tōn toioutōn polyplasiasmōn to arrēton kai anennoēton, hōs sy phę̄s, tou Patros ekdiēgoumenou?
"who established the heavens, down to the number eight hundred and eighty-eight; and likewise subdividing the Father himself, who contains all things but is uncontained, into a tetrad, ogdoad, decad and dodecad, and by such multiplications explaining the ineffable and unthinkable, as you say, of the Father?"
Notes and citation
Summary: He divides the uncontainable Father into numbers.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.15.5. The numeral is garbled in the digital text; 888 follows Irenaeus.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR slip.): ὡς σὺ σῄς → ὡς σὺ φῄς.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.15.5 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.11.7 (Holl GCS 25/31:22; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-11-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.11.8Holl GCS 25/31:22–23
καὶ ὃν ἀσώματον καὶ ἀνούσιον ὀνομάζεις, τὴν τούτου οὐσίαν καὶ τὴν ὑπόστασιν ἐκ πολλῶν γραμμάτων, ἑτέρων ἐξ ἑτέρων γεννωμένων, κατασκευάζεις, αὐτὸς Δαίδαλος ψευδὴς καὶ τέκτων κακὸς γενόμενος τῆς προπανυπερτάτου δυνάμεως·
kai hon asōmaton kai anousion onomazeis, tēn toutou ousian kai tēn hypostasin ek pollōn grammatōn, heterōn ex heterōn gennōmenōn, kataskeuazeis, autos Daidalos pseudēs kai tektōn kakos genomenos tēs propanypertatou dynameōs;
"And the one you call bodiless and without substance, you construct his substance and being out of many letters, others begotten from others, yourself becoming a lying Daedalus and a bad carpenter of the all-highest power;"
Notes and citation
Summary: Marcus builds the bodiless God out of letters.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.15.5.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR slip.): δευδὴς → ψευδὴς.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.15.5 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.11.8 (Holl GCS 25/31:22–23; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-11-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.11.9Holl GCS 25/31:23
καὶ ἣ ἀμέριστον φῂς εἶναι >, εἰς ἀφώνους καὶ φωνήεντας καὶ ἡμιφώνους φθόγγους ὑπομερίζων, τὸ ἄφωνον αὐτῶν τῷ τῶν πάντων Πατρὶ καὶ τῇ τούτου Ἐννοίᾳ ἐπιψευδόμενος, εἰς τὴν ἀνωτάτω βλασφημίαν καὶ μεγίστην ἀσέβειαν ἐμβέβληκας ἅπαντας τοὺς σοὶ πειθομένους.
kai hē ameriston phę̄s einai >, eis aphōnous kai phōnēentas kai hēmiphōnous phthongous hypomerizōn, to aphōnon autōn tǭ tōn pantōn Patri kai tę̄ toutou Ennoią epipseudomenos, eis tēn anōtatō blasphēmian kai megistēn asebeian embeblēkas hapantas tous soi peithomenous.
"and the substance you say is indivisible, you subdivide into mute, vowel and semivowel sounds, falsely attributing the mute of them to the Father of all and his Thought, and you have thrown all who believe you into the highest blasphemy and greatest impiety."
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Notes and citation
Summary: Marcus's divisions lead his followers into blasphemy.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.15.5. The edition marks a gap.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.15.5 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.11.9 (Holl GCS 25/31:23; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-11-9). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.11.10Holl GCS 25/31:23
διὸ <καὶ> δικαίως καὶ ἁρμοζόντως τῇ τοιαύτῃ σου τόλμῃ ὁ θεῖος πρεσβύτης καὶ κῆρυξ τῆς ἀληθείας ἐμμέτρως ἐπιβεβόηκέ soi, eipwn outws·
dio <kai> dikaiōs kai harmozontōs tę̄ toiautę̄ sou tolmę̄ ho theios presbytēs kai kēryx tēs alētheias emmetrōs epibeboēke soi, eipwn outws;
"Therefore, justly and fittingly for such daring of yours, the divine elder and herald of the truth has cried out against you in verse, saying thus:"
Notes and citation
Summary: Irenaeus introduces an elder's verses against Marcus.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.15.6. The last words appear in the digital text in Latin letters ('soi, eipwn outws').
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR slip.): τόλμῳ → τόλμῃ.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.15.6 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.11.10 (Holl GCS 25/31:23; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-11-10). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.11.11Holl GCS 25/31:23
εἰδωλοποιὲ Μάρκε καὶ τερατοσκόπε, ἀστρολογικῆς ἔμπειρε καὶ μαγικῆς τέχνης, διʼ ὧν κρατύνεις τῆς πλάνης τὰ διδάγματα, σημεῖα δεικνὺς τοῖς ὑπὸ σοῦ πλανωμένοις, ἀποστατικῆς δυνάμεως ἐγχειρήματα, ἃ σοὶ χορηγεῖ σὸς πατὴρ Σατὰν ἀεὶ διʼ ἀγγελικῆς δυνάμεως Ἀζαζὴλ ποιεῖν, ἔχων σε πρόδρομον ἀντιθέου πανουργίας. καὶ ταῦτα μὲν ὁ θεοφιλὴς πρεσβύτης·
eidōlopoie Marke kai teratoskope, astrologikēs empeire kai magikēs technēs, diʼ hōn kratyneis tēs planēs ta didagmata, sēmeia deiknys tois hypo sou planōmenois, apostatikēs dynameōs encheirēmata, ha soi chorēgei sos patēr Satan aei diʼ angelikēs dynameōs Azazēl poiein, echōn se prodromon antitheou panourgias. kai tauta men ho theophilēs presbytēs;
"'Idol-maker Marcus and portent-watcher, skilled in astrology and the magic art, by which you strengthen the teachings of error, showing signs to those led astray by you, the works of apostate power, which your father Satan always supplies you to do through the angelic power Azazel, having you as forerunner of godless villainy.' So much for the God-loving elder."
Lev 16:8 (echo, low confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The elder's verses call Marcus a magician serving Satan.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.15.6, quoting iambic verses of an unnamed elder. Azazel is named from Lev 16 and 1 Enoch.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR slip.; Repeated word where the relative pronoun is required.): διʼ διʼ κρατύνεις → διʼ ὧν κρατύνεις; σημεῖας δεικνὺς → σημεῖα δεικνὺς.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.15.6 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation); 1 En. 8.1 (1 Enoch [in the ETH canon]; echo)
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.11.11 (Holl GCS 25/31:23; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-11-11). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.11.12Holl GCS 25/31:23
ἡμεῖς δὲ τὰ λοιπὰ τῆς μυσταγωγίας αὐτῶν μακρὰ ὄντα πειρασόμεθα βραχέως διεξελθεῖν καὶ τὰ πολλῷ χρόνῳ κεκρυμμένα εἰς φανερὸν ἀγαγεῖν. οὕτω γὰρ ἂν γένοιτο εὐέλεγκτα πᾶσι.
hēmeis de ta loipa tēs mystagōgias autōn makra onta peirasometha bracheōs diexelthein kai ta pollǭ chronǭ kekrymmena eis phaneron agagein. houtō gar an genoito euelenkta pasi.
"But we shall try to go briefly through the rest of their initiation, which is long, and to bring into the open what has long been hidden. For so it will be easy for all to refute."
Notes and citation
Summary: Irenaeus will briefly expose the rest of their teaching.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.16.1.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.16.1 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.11.12 (Holl GCS 25/31:23; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-11-12). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 34, chapter 12
34.12.1Holl GCS 25/31:23
12. Τὴν οὖν γένεσιν τῶν Αἰώνων αὐτῶν καὶ τὴν πλάνην τοῦ προβάτου καὶ ἀνεύρεσιν ἑνώσαντες ἐπὶ τὸ αὐτὸ μυστικώτερον ἐπιχειροῦσιν ἀπαγγέλλειν οὗτοι οἱ εἰς ἀριθμοὺς τὰ πάντα κατάγοντες, ἐκ μονάδος καὶ δυάδος φάσκοντες τὰ ὅλα συνεστηκέναι·
12. Tēn oun genesin tōn Aiōnōn autōn kai tēn planēn tou probatou kai aneuresin henōsantes epi to auto mystikōteron epicheirousin apangellein houtoi hoi eis arithmous ta panta katagontes, ek monados kai dyados phaskontes ta hola synestēkenai;
"So these men, who reduce everything to numbers, join together the generation of their Aeons and the straying and finding of the sheep, and try to set it out in a more mystical way, saying that the universe consists of the monad and the dyad."
Luke 15:4 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The Marcosians explain the Aeons and the lost sheep by numbers.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.16.1. The lost sheep: Luke 15:4–7.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.16.1 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.12.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:23; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-12-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.12.2Holl GCS 25/31:23–24
καὶ ἀπὸ μονάδος ἕως τῶν τεσσάρων ἀριθμοῦντες οὕτω γεννῶσι τὴν δεκάδα. μία γὰρ καὶ δύο καὶ τρεῖς καὶ τέσσαρες συντεθεῖσαι ἐπὶ τὸ αὐτὸ τὸν τῶν δέκα Αἰώνων ἀπεκύησαν ἀριθμόν. πάλιν δʼ αὖ ἡ δυὰς ἀφʼ αὐτῆς προελθοῦσα ἕως τοῦ ἐπισήμου, οἷον δύο καὶ τέσσαρες καὶ ἕξ, τὴν δωδεκάδα ἐπέδειξεν.
kai apo monados heōs tōn tessarōn arithmountes houtō gennōsi tēn dekada. mia gar kai dyo kai treis kai tessares syntetheisai epi to auto ton tōn deka Aiōnōn apekyēsan arithmon. palin dʼ au hē dyas aphʼ autēs proelthousa heōs tou episēmou, hoion dyo kai tessares kai hex, tēn dōdekada epedeixen.
"Counting from one up to four, they generate the decad in this way: one and two and three and four added together produce the number of the ten Aeons. Again, the dyad, advancing from itself up to the episemon, that is, two and four and six, displays the dodecad."
Notes and citation
Summary: Adding numbers yields the ten and twelve Aeons.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.16.1. The episemon is the obsolete letter used for the numeral six.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR slip.): ἀέ αὐτῆς → ἀφʼ αὐτῆς.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.16.1 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.12.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:23–24; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-12-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.12.3Holl GCS 25/31:24
καὶ πάλιν ἀπὸ τῆς δυάδος ὁμοίως αριθμούντων ἡμῶν ἕως τῶν δέκα ἡ τριακοντάς ἀνεδείχθη, ἐν ᾗ ὀγδοὰς καὶ δεκὰς καὶ δωδεκάς.
kai palin apo tēs dyados homoiōs arithmountōn hēmōn heōs tōn deka hē triakontas anedeichthē, en hę̄ ogdoas kai dekas kai dōdekas.
"And again, when we count in the same way from the dyad up to ten, the triacontad appears, in which are the ogdoad, the decad, and the dodecad."
Notes and citation
Summary: Counting by twos to ten yields thirty.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.16.1.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.16.1 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.12.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:24; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-12-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.12.4Holl GCS 25/31:24
τὴν οὖν δωδεκάδα διὰ τὸ ἐπίσημον ἐσχηκέναι συνεπακολουθῆσαν αὐτῇ τὸ ἐπίσημον πάθος λέγουσι, καὶ διὰ τοῦτο περὶ τὸν δωδέκατον ἀριθμὸν τοῦ σφάλματος γενομένου τὸ πρόβατον ἀποσκιρτῆσαν πεπλανῆσθαι, ἐπειδὴ τὴν ἀπόστασιν ἀπὸ δωδεκάδος γεγενῆσθαι φάσκουσι.
tēn oun dōdekada dia to episēmon eschēkenai synepakolouthēsan autę̄ to episēmon pathos legousi, kai dia touto peri ton dōdekaton arithmon tou sphalmatos genomenou to probaton aposkirtēsan peplanēsthai, epeidē tēn apostasin apo dōdekados gegenēsthai phaskousi.
"So, they say, because the dodecad contained the episemon, the notable passion followed upon it; and for this reason, since the error happened around the twelfth number, the sheep skipped away and went astray, for they say that the defection took place from the dodecad."
Luke 15:4 (allusion, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The fallen twelfth Aeon is the straying sheep.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.16.1. 'Episemon' also means 'notable', a play on words.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.16.1 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.12.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:24; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-12-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.12.5Holl GCS 25/31:24
τῷ αὐτῷ τρόπῳ καὶ ἀπὸ τῆς † δωδεκάδος ἀποστᾶσαν μίαν δύναμιν ἀπολωλέναι μαντεύονται, καὶ ταύτην εἲναι τὴν γυναῖκα τὴν ἀπολέσασαν τὴν δραχμὴν καὶ ἅψασαν λύχνον καὶ εὑροῦσαν αὐτήν.
tǭ autǭ tropǭ kai apo tēs † dōdekados apostasan mian dynamin apolōlenai manteuontai, kai tautēn einai tēn gynaika tēn apolesasan tēn drachmēn kai hapsasan lychnon kai heurousan autēn.
"In the same way they divine that one power, having defected from the … dodecad, was lost, and that this is the woman who lost the drachma, lit a lamp, and found it."
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Luke 15:8 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The lost power is the woman's lost coin.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.16.1. The edition marks the text before 'dodecad' as corrupt. Luke 15:8–10.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.16.1 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.12.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:24; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-12-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.12.6Holl GCS 25/31:24
οὕτως οὖν καὶ τοὺς ἀριθμοὺς τοὺς καταλειφθέντας — ἐπὶ μὲν τῆς δραχμῆς τοὺς ἐννέα, ἐπὶ δὲ τοῦ προβάτου τοὺς ἕνδεκα — ἐπιπλεκομένους ἀλλήλοις τὸν τῶν ἐνενήκοντα ἐννέα τίκτειν ἀριθμόν, ἐπεὶ ἐννάκις τὰ ἕνδεκα ἐνενήκοντα ἐννέα γίνεται. διὸ καὶ τὸ ἀμὴν τοῦτον λέγουσιν ἔχειν τὸν ἀριθμόν.
houtōs oun kai tous arithmous tous kataleiphthentas — epi men tēs drachmēs tous ennea, epi de tou probatou tous hendeka — epiplekomenous allēlois ton tōn enenēkonta ennea tiktein arithmon, epei ennakis ta hendeka enenēkonta ennea ginetai. dio kai to amēn touton legousin echein ton arithmon.
"So also the numbers left over, nine in the case of the drachma and eleven in the case of the sheep, multiplied together, produce the number ninety-nine, since nine times eleven is ninety-nine. That is why they say that 'Amen' has this number."
Luke 15:7 (allusion, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The remaining numbers multiply to ninety-nine, the value of 'Amen'.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.16.1. The letters of ἀμήν add up to 99 (1+40+8+50).
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.16.1 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.12.6 (Holl GCS 25/31:24; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-12-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.12.7Holl GCS 25/31:24
Οὐκ ὀκνήσω δὲ σοι καὶ ἄλλως ἐξηγουμένων αὐτῶν ἀπαγγεῖλαι, ἵνα πανταχόθεν κατανοήσῃς τὸν καρπὸν αὐτῶν. τὸ γὰρ στοιχεῖον τὸ η σὺν μὲν τῷ ἐπισήμῳ ὀγδοάδα εἲναι θέλουσιν, ἀπὸ τοῦ ἄλφα ὀγδόῳ κείμενον τόπῳ· εἶτα πάλιν ἄνευ τοῦ ἐπισήμου ψηφίζοντες τὸν ἀριθμὸν αὐτῶν τῶν στοιχείων καὶ ἐπισυνθέντες μέχρι τοῦ ἦτα τὴν τριακοντάδα ἐπιδεικνύουσιν.
Ouk oknēsō de soi kai allōs exēgoumenōn autōn apangeilai, hina pantachothen katanoēsę̄s ton karpon autōn. to gar stoicheion to ē syn men tǭ episēmǭ ogdoada einai thelousin, apo tou alpha ogdoǭ keimenon topǭ; eita palin aneu tou episēmou psēphizontes ton arithmon autōn tōn stoicheiōn kai episynthentes mechri tou ēta tēn triakontada epideiknyousin.
"I will not hesitate to tell you how they explain it in yet another way, so that you may see their fruit from every side. They want the letter eta, counting the episemon, to be an ogdoad, since it stands in the eighth place from alpha. Then again, counting the number of the letters themselves without the episemon and adding them up to eta, they display the triacontad."
Notes and citation
Summary: The letter eta is made to yield eight and thirty.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.16.2.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.16.2 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.12.7 (Holl GCS 25/31:24; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-12-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.12.8Holl GCS 25/31:24–25
ἀρξάμενος γὰρ <τις> ἀπὸ τοῦ ἄλφα καὶ τελευτῶν εἰς τὸ ἦτα τῷ ἀριθμῷ τῶν στοιχείων, ὑφεξαιρούμενος δὲ τὸ ἐπίσημον καὶ ἐπισυντιθεὶς τὴν ἐπαύξησιν τῶν γράμματων, εὑρήσει τὸν τῶν τριάκοντα ἀριθμόν.
arxamenos gar <tis> apo tou alpha kai teleutōn eis to ēta tǭ arithmǭ tōn stoicheiōn, hyphexairoumenos de to episēmon kai episyntitheis tēn epauxēsin tōn grammatōn, heurēsei ton tōn triakonta arithmon.
"For if someone begins from alpha and ends at eta, by the number of the letters, leaving out the episemon and adding up the increase of the letters, he will find the number thirty."
Notes and citation
Summary: Adding the letters from alpha to eta gives thirty.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.16.2.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.16.2 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.12.8 (Holl GCS 25/31:24–25; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-12-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.12.9Holl GCS 25/31:25
μέχρι γὰρ τοῦ ε στοιχείου πεντεκαίδεκα γινονται· ἔπειτα προστεθεὶς αὐτοῖς ὁ τῶν ἑπτὰ ἀριθμὸς β καὶ κ ἀπετέλεσε· προσελθὸν δὲ τούτοις τὸ η, ὅ ἐστιν ὀκτώ, τὴν θαυμασιωτάτην τριακοντάδα ἀνεπλήρωσεν. καὶ ἐντεῦθεν ἀποδεικνύουσι τὴν Ὀγδοάδα μητέρα τῶν τριάκοντα Αἰώνων.
mechri gar tou e stoicheiou pentekaideka ginontai; epeita prostetheis autois ho tōn hepta arithmos b kai k apetelese; proselthon de toutois to ē, ho estin oktō, tēn thaumasiōtatēn triakontada aneplērōsen. kai enteuthen apodeiknyousi tēn Ogdoada mētera tōn triakonta Aiōnōn.
"For up to the letter epsilon they make fifteen; then the number seven is added to them and makes twenty-two; and when eta, which is eight, is added to these, it completes the most wonderful triacontad. And from this they prove that the Ogdoad is the mother of the thirty Aeons."
Notes and citation
Summary: The sums show the Ogdoad to be mother of the thirty Aeons.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.16.2. Without the episemon, zeta counts as seven.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.16.2 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.12.9 (Holl GCS 25/31:25; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-12-9). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.12.10Holl GCS 25/31:25
ἐπεὶ οὖν ἐκ τριῶν δυνάμεων ἥνται ὁ τῶν τριάκοντα ἀριθμός, τρὶς αὐτὸς γενόμενος τὰ ἐνενήκοντα ἐποίησε· τρίς γὰρ τριάκοντα ἐνενήκοντα. καὶ αὐτὴ δὲ ἡ τριὰς ἐφʼ ἑαυτῆς συντεθεῖσα ἐννέα ἐγέννησεν. οὕτως τε ἡ ὀγδοὰς τὸν τῶν ἐνενήκοντα ἐννέα παρʼ αὐτοῖς ἀπεκύησεν ἀριθμόν.
epei oun ek triōn dynameōn hēntai ho tōn triakonta arithmos, tris autos genomenos ta enenēkonta epoiēse; tris gar triakonta enenēkonta. kai autē de hē trias ephʼ heautēs syntetheisa ennea egennēsen. houtōs te hē ogdoas ton tōn enenēkonta ennea parʼ autois apekyēsen arithmon.
"Since, then, the number thirty is made up of three powers, when tripled it made ninety, for three times thirty is ninety. And the triad itself, multiplied by itself, produced nine. Thus the Ogdoad, in their view, brought forth the number ninety-nine."
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Notes and citation
Summary: More arithmetic derives ninety-nine from the Ogdoad.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.16.2. The verb rendered 'is made up' (ἥνται) is probably corrupt; translated by sense.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.16.2 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.12.10 (Holl GCS 25/31:25; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-12-10). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.12.11Holl GCS 25/31:25
καὶ ἐπεὶ ὁ δωδέκατος Αἰὼν ἀποστὰς κατέλειψε τοὺς ἄνω ἕνδεκα, κατάλληλον λέγουσι τὸν τύπον τῶν γραμμάτων τῷ σχήματι τοῦ † λόγου κεῖσθαι ἑνδέκατον γὰρ τῶν γραμμάτων κεῖται τὸ λ, ὅ ἐστιν ἀριθμὸς τῶν τριάκοντα) καὶ κατʼ εἰκόνα κεῖσθαι τῆς ἄνω οἰκονομίας, ἐπειδὴ ἀπὸ τοῦ ἄλφα, χωρὶς τοῦ επισήμου, αὐτῶν τῶν γραμμάτων ὁ ἀριθμὸς ἕως τοῦ λ συντεθειμένος κατὰ τὴν παραύξησιν τῶν γραμμάτων σὺν αὐτῷ τῷ λ τὸν τῶν ἐνενήκοντα ἐννέα ποιεῖται ἀριθμόν.
kai epei ho dōdekatos Aiōn apostas kateleipse tous anō hendeka, katallēlon legousi ton typon tōn grammatōn tǭ schēmati tou † logou keisthai hendekaton gar tōn grammatōn keitai to l, ho estin arithmos tōn triakonta) kai katʼ eikona keisthai tēs anō oikonomias, epeidē apo tou alpha, chōris tou episēmou, autōn tōn grammatōn ho arithmos heōs tou l syntetheimenos kata tēn parauxēsin tōn grammatōn syn autǭ tǭ l ton tōn enenēkonta ennea poieitai arithmon.
"And since the twelfth Aeon defected and left the eleven above, they say that the type lies fittingly in the shape of the … (for lambda stands eleventh among the letters, and it is the number thirty), and that it lies as an image of the dispensation above; for from alpha, without the episemon, the number of the letters themselves added up to lambda according to their increase, together with lambda itself, makes the number ninety-nine."
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Notes and citation
Summary: The letter lambda, eleventh letter, is made a figure of the eleven Aeons left above.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.16.2. The edition marks λόγου ('word') as corrupt; the sense requires 'the letter'.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR slip.): τῶι γραμμάτων → τῶν γραμμάτων.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.16.2 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.12.11 (Holl GCS 25/31:25; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-12-11). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.12.12Holl GCS 25/31:25–26
ὅτι δὲ τὸ λ ἑνδέκατον ὂν τῇ τάξει ἐπὶ τὴν τοῦ ὁμοίου αὐτῷ κατῆλθεν ζήτησιν, ἵνα ἀναπληρώσῃ τὸν δωδέκατον ἀριθμόν, καὶ εὑρὸν † αὐτὸν ἐπληρώθη, φανερὸν εἶναι ἐξ αὐτοῦ τοῦ σχήματος τοῦ στοιχείου.
hoti de to l hendekaton on tę̄ taxei epi tēn tou homoiou autǭ katēlthen zētēsin, hina anaplērōsę̄ ton dōdekaton arithmon, kai heuron † auton eplērōthē, phaneron einai ex autou tou schēmatos tou stoicheiou.
"And that lambda, being eleventh in order, came down to search for its like in order to fill up the twelfth number, and having found it was filled, is plain, they say, from the very shape of the letter."
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Notes and citation
Summary: Lambda seeks its like to complete the twelve.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.16.2. The edition marks the word after 'having found' as corrupt.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (Word split by a line-end hyphen.): στοι- χείου → στοιχείου.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.16.2 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.12.12 (Holl GCS 25/31:25–26; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-12-12). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.12.13Holl GCS 25/31:26
τὸ γὰρ λ, ὥσπερ ἐπὶ τὴν τοῦ ὁμοίου αὐτῷ ζήτησιν παραγενόμενον καὶ εὑρὸν καὶ εἰς ἑαυτὸ ἁπάσαν † αὐτόν, τὴν τοῦ δωδεκάτου ἀνεπλήρωσεν χώραν, τοῦ μ στοιχείου ἐκ δύο λ συγκειμένου.
to gar l, hōsper epi tēn tou homoiou autǭ zētēsin paragenomenon kai heuron kai eis heauto hapasan † auton, tēn tou dōdekatou aneplērōsen chōran, tou m stoicheiou ek dyo l synkeimenou.
"For lambda, having come as it were in search of its like, and having found it and snatched it … to itself, filled the place of the twelfth, since the letter mu is composed of two lambdas."
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Notes and citation
Summary: Mu, made of two lambdas, fills the twelfth place.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.16.2. The edition marks a corrupt word before 'it'. The digital text writes the letters as Latin M and A; the sense (Μ as two Λ) is clear.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (Latin look-alike letters and a stray letter in the OCR.): τοῦ M στοιχείους ἐκ δύο A → τοῦ μ στοιχείου ἐκ δύο λ.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.16.2 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.12.13 (Holl GCS 25/31:26; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-12-13). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.12.14Holl GCS 25/31:26
διὸ καὶ φεύγειν αὐτοὺς διὰ τῆς γνώσεως τὴν τῶν ἐνενήκοντα ἐννέα χώραν, τουτέστιν τὸ Ὑστέρημα, τύπον ἀριστερᾶς χειρός, μεταδιώκειν δὲ τὸ ἕν, ὃ προστεθὲν τοῖς ἐνενήκοντα ἐννέα εἰς τὴν δεξιὰν αὐτοὺς χεῖρα μετέστησεν.
dio kai pheugein autous dia tēs gnōseōs tēn tōn enenēkonta ennea chōran, toutestin to Hysterēma, typon aristeras cheiros, metadiōkein de to hen, ho prostethen tois enenēkonta ennea eis tēn dexian autous cheira metestēsen.
"That is why, they say, through knowledge they flee the place of the ninety-nine, that is, the Deficiency, the type of the left hand, and pursue the one, which, added to the ninety-nine, has transferred them to the right hand."
Notes and citation
Summary: The Gnostic passes from ninety-nine (left hand) to one hundred (right hand).
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.16.2. Ancient finger-counting reckoned numbers up to 99 on the left hand and from 100 on the right.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR slip.; OCR slip; the sense requires 'the one'.): ἐνεγήκοντα → ἐνενήκοντα; μεταδιώκειν δὲ τὸ ἔ, → μεταδιώκειν δὲ τὸ ἕν,.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.16.2 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.12.14 (Holl GCS 25/31:26; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-12-14). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 34, chapter 13
34.13.1Holl GCS 25/31:26
13. Σὺ μὲν ταῦτα διερχόμενος, ἀγαπητέ, εὖ οἶδα ὅτι γελάσεις πολλὰ * τὴν τοιαύτην αὐτῶν οἰησίσοφον μωρίαν. ἄξιοι δὲ πένθους οἱ τῆλικαύτην θεοσέβειαν καὶ τὸ μέγεθος τῆς ἀΜῶς ἀρρήτου δυνάμεως καὶ τὰς τοσαύτας οἰκονομίας τοῦ θεοῦ διὰ τοῦ ἄλφα καἰ βῆτα καὶ διʼ ἀριθμῶν οὕτως ψυχρῶς καὶ βεβιασμένως διασύροντες.
13. Sy men tauta dierchomenos, agapēte, eu oida hoti gelaseis polla * tēn toiautēn autōn oiēsisophon mōrian. axioi de penthous hoi tēlikautēn theosebeian kai to megethos tēs aMōs arrētou dynameōs kai tas tosautas oikonomias tou theou dia tou alpha kai bēta kai diʼ arithmōn houtōs psychrōs kai bebiasmenōs diasyrontes.
"As you go through these things, beloved, I know well that you will laugh heartily at such conceited folly of theirs. But those deserve to be mourned who so coldly and forcibly disparage so great a religion, the greatness of the truly ineffable power, and such great dispensations of God by means of alpha and beta and numbers."
Notes and citation
Summary: Irenaeus says such number-play deserves both laughter and grief.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.16.3. A word is missing after 'heartily'. 'Truly' renders the garbled ἀΜῶς by sense.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR slip.): τουσαύτας → τοσαύτας.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.16.3 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.13.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:26; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-13-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.13.2Holl GCS 25/31:26
ὅσοι δὲ ἀφίστανται τῆς ἐκκλησίας καὶ τούτοις τοῖς γραώδεσι μύθοις πείθονται, ἀληθῶς > αὐτοκατάκριτοι, οὓς ὁ Παῦλος ἐγκελεύεται ἡμῖν μετὰ μίαν καὶ δευτέραν νουθεσίαν παραιτεῖσθαι.
hosoi de aphistantai tēs ekklēsias kai toutois tois graōdesi mythois peithontai, alēthōs > autokatakritoi, hous ho Paulos enkeleuetai hēmin meta mian kai deuteran nouthesian paraiteisthai.
"All who depart from the church and believe these old wives' tales are truly self-condemned; Paul commands us to avoid them after a first and second admonition."
Titus 3:10 (allusion, high confidence) · 1 Tim 4:7 (echo, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Those who leave the church for these fables are self-condemned.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.16.3. Titus 3:10–11; 'old wives' tales', 1 Tim 4:7.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR slip.): παραιτεῖθσαι → παραιτεῖσθαι.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.16.3 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.13.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:26; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-13-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.13.3Holl GCS 25/31:26
Ἰωάννης δέ, ὁ τοῦ κυρίου μαθητής, ἐπέτεινε τὴν καταδίκην αὐτῶν, μηδὲ χαίρειν αὐτοῖς ὑφʼ ἡμῶν λέγεσθαι βουληθείς· »ὁ γὰρ λέγων αὐτοῖς« φησί »χαίρειν κοινωνεῖ τοῖς ἔργοις αὐτῶν τοῖς πονηροῖς«.
Iōannēs de, ho tou kyriou mathētēs, epeteine tēn katadikēn autōn, mēde chairein autois hyphʼ hēmōn legesthai boulētheis; »ho gar legōn autois« phēsi »chairein koinōnei tois ergois autōn tois ponērois«.
"And John, the disciple of the Lord, intensified their condemnation, wishing that we should not even greet them: 'for he who greets them', he says, 'shares in their evil works.'"
2 John 1:11 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: John forbids even greeting heretics.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.16.3, quoting 2 John 11 (cf. 10).
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.16.3 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.13.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:26; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-13-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.13.4Holl GCS 25/31:26
καὶ εἰκότως· »οὐκ ἔστι γὰρ χαίρειν τοῖς ἀσεβέσιν« λέγει κύριος. ἀσεβεῖς δὲ ὑπὲρ πᾶσαν ἀσέβειαν οὗτοι οἱ τὸν ποιητὴν οὐρανοῦ καὶ γῆς, μόνον θεὸν παντοκράτορα, ὑπὲρ ὃν ἄλλος θεὸς οὐκ ἔστιν, ἐξ Ὑστερήματος καὶ αὐτοῦ ἐξ ἄλλου Ὑστερήματος γεγονότος προβεβλῆσθαι λέγοντες· ὥστε κατʼ αὐτοὺς εἲναι αὐτὸν προβολὴν τρίτου Ὑστερήματος.
kai eikotōs; »ouk esti gar chairein tois asebesin« legei kyrios. asebeis de hyper pasan asebeian houtoi hoi ton poiētēn ouranou kai gēs, monon theon pantokratora, hyper hon allos theos ouk estin, ex Hysterēmatos kai autou ex allou Hysterēmatos gegonotos probeblēsthai legontes; hōste katʼ autous einai auton probolēn tritou Hysterēmatos.
"And rightly so: 'for there is no rejoicing for the ungodly,' says the Lord. And these men are ungodly beyond all ungodliness, who say that the maker of heaven and earth, the only God almighty, above whom there is no other God, was emitted from a Deficiency, which itself came from another Deficiency, so that by their account he is the emanation of a third Deficiency."
Isa 48:22 (quotation, high confidence) · Isa 57:21 (quotation, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Making the Creator the product of a triple Deficiency is utter impiety.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.16.3, quoting Isa 48:22 (57:21) LXX, with a play on χαίρειν ('greet' and 'rejoice').
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR slip in the breathing.; OCR slip.): ἔσιν → ἔστιν; οὗτοι οἶ τὸν → οὗτοι οἱ τὸν.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.16.3 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.13.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:26; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-13-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.13.5Holl GCS 25/31:26
ἣν γνώμην ὄντως καταφυσήσαντας καὶ καταθεματίσαντας δέον πόρρω που <καὶ> φυγεῖν ἀπʼ αὐτῶν καὶ ᾗ πλέον διισχυρίζονται καὶ χαίρουσιν ἐπὶ τοῖς παρευρέμασιν αὐτῶν, ταύτῃ μᾶλλον εἰδέναι πλέον αὐτοὺς ἐνεργεῖσθαι ὑπὸ τῆς ὀγδοάδος τῶν πονηρῶν πνευμάτων,
hēn gnōmēn ontōs kataphysēsantas kai katathematisantas deon porrō pou <kai> phygein apʼ autōn kai hę̄ pleon diischyrizontai kai chairousin epi tois pareuremasin autōn, tautę̄ mallon eidenai pleon autous energeisthai hypo tēs ogdoados tōn ponērōn pneumatōn,
"We must truly blow upon this opinion and anathematize it and flee far from them; and the more they insist and rejoice in their inventions, the more we must recognize that they are driven by the ogdoad of evil spirits,"
Notes and citation
Summary: Their confidence shows they are driven by evil spirits.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.16.3. 'Blow upon' is a gesture of rejection.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR slip.): ἀέ αὐτῶν → ἀπʼ αὐτῶν.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.16.3 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.13.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:26; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-13-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.13.6Holl GCS 25/31:26–27
καθάπερ οἱ εἰς φρενίτιδα διάθεσιν ἐμπεσόντες † ἢ πλέον γελῶσι καὶ ἰσχύειν δοκοῦσιν καὶ ὡς ὑγιαίνοντες πάντα πράττουσιν, ἔνια δὲ καὶ ὑπὲρ τὸ ὑγιαίνειν, ταύτῃ μᾶλλον κακῶς ἔχουσιν. ὁμοίως δὲ καὶ οὗτοι ᾗ μᾶλλον ὑπερφρονεῖν δοκοῦσι καὶ ἐκνευρίζουσιν ἑαυτοὺς ὐπέρτονα τοξεύοντες, ταύτῃ μᾶλλον οὐ σωφρονοῦσιν.
kathaper hoi eis phrenitida diathesin empesontes † ē pleon gelōsi kai ischyein dokousin kai hōs hygiainontes panta prattousin, enia de kai hyper to hygiainein, tautę̄ mallon kakōs echousin. homoiōs de kai houtoi hę̄ mallon hyperphronein dokousi kai ekneurizousin heautous ypertona toxeuontes, tautę̄ mallon ou sōphronousin.
"just as people who have fallen into delirium, the more they laugh and think themselves strong and do everything as if healthy, and some things even beyond the healthy, the sicker they are. So also these men: the more they seem to be wise beyond measure and exhaust themselves shooting over-strained bows, the less sound in mind they are."
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Notes and citation
Summary: Like the delirious, their apparent strength is sickness.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.16.3. The edition marks a corrupt word before 'the more'.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.16.3 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.13.6 (Holl GCS 25/31:26–27; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-13-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.13.7Holl GCS 25/31:27
ἐξελθὸν γὰρ τὸ ἀκάθαρτον πνεῦμα τῆς ἀνοίας, ἔπειτα σχολάζοντας αὐτοὺς οὐ θεῷ, ἀλλὰ κοσμικαῖς ζητήσεσιν εὑρόν, προσπαραλαβὸν ἕτερα πνεύματα ἑπτὰ πονηρότερα ἑαυτοῦ καὶ χαυνῶσαν αὐτῶν τὴν γνώμην ὡς δυναμένων τὰ ὐπὲρ τὸν θεὸν ἐννοεῖν καὶ ἐπιτήδειον εἰς υπερέκκρουσιν κατασκευάσαν, τὴν ὀγδοάδα τῆς ἀνοίας τῶν πονηρῶν πνευμάτων εἰς αὐτοὺς ἐνεθήκωσεν.
exelthon gar to akatharton pneuma tēs anoias, epeita scholazontas autous ou theǭ, alla kosmikais zētēsesin heuron, prosparalabon hetera pneumata hepta ponērotera heautou kai chaunōsan autōn tēn gnōmēn hōs dynamenōn ta yper ton theon ennoein kai epitēdeion eis yperekkrousin kataskeuasan, tēn ogdoada tēs anoias tōn ponērōn pneumatōn eis autous enethēkōsen.
"For the unclean spirit of folly went out, and then, finding them occupied not with God but with worldly questions, it took along seven other spirits more evil than itself, puffed up their minds as if they could conceive things beyond God, and, having made them fit for derangement, placed in them the ogdoad of folly of the evil spirits."
Matt 12:43 (allusion, high confidence) · Luke 11:24 (allusion, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The parable of the returning unclean spirit is applied to them.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.16.3, alluding to Matt 12:43–45 and Luke 11:24–26.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.16.3 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.13.7 (Holl GCS 25/31:27; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-13-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 34, chapter 14
34.14.1Holl GCS 25/31:27
14. Βούλομαι δὲ σοι καὶ ὡς αὐτὴν τὴν κτίσιν κατʼ εἰκόνα τῶν ἀοράτων ὑπὸ τοῦ Δημιουργοῦ, ὡς ἀγνοοῦντος αὐτοῦ, κατεσκευάσθαι διὰ τῆς Μητρὸς λέγουσιν διηγήσασθαι.
14. Boulomai de soi kai hōs autēn tēn ktisin katʼ eikona tōn aoratōn hypo tou Dēmiourgou, hōs agnoountos autou, kateskeuasthai dia tēs Mētros legousin diēgēsasthai.
"I also want to tell you how they say that creation itself was fashioned by the Demiurge through the Mother, after the image of the invisible things, without his knowing it."
Notes and citation
Summary: Irenaeus turns to their account of creation as an image of the Aeons.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.17.1.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.17.1 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.14.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:27; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-14-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.14.2Holl GCS 25/31:27
πρῶτον μὲν τὰ τέσσαρα στοιχεῖά φασιν, πῦρ ὕδωρ γῆν ἀέρα, εἰκόνα προβεβλῆσθαι τῆς ἄνω πρότης τετράδος, τάς τε ἐνεργείας αὐτῶν συναριθμουμένας, οἷον θερμόν τε καὶ ψυχρόν, ξηρόν τε καὶ ὑγρόν, ἀκριβῶς ἐξεικονίζειν τὴν ογδοάδα.
prōton men ta tessara stoicheia phasin, pyr hydōr gēn aera, eikona probeblēsthai tēs anō protēs tetrados, tas te energeias autōn synarithmoumenas, hoion thermon te kai psychron, xēron te kai hygron, akribōs exeikonizein tēn ogdoada.
"First, they say, the four elements, fire, water, earth, and air, were emitted as an image of the first tetrad above; and their activities, counted with them, namely hot and cold, dry and wet, exactly portray the ogdoad."
Notes and citation
Summary: The four elements and their qualities image the tetrad and ogdoad.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.17.1.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.17.1 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.14.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:27; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-14-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.14.3Holl GCS 25/31:27
ἑξῆς * δέκα δυνάμεις οὕτως καταριθμοῦσιν· ἑπτὰ μὲν † σωματικὰ κυκλοειδῆ, ἃ καὶ οὐρανοὺς καλοῦσιν· ἔπειτα τὸν περιεκτικὸν αὐτῶν κύκλον, ὃν καὶ ὄγδοον οὐρανὸν ὀνομάζουσι· πρὸς δὲ τούτοις ἥλιόν τε καὶ σελήνην. ταῦτα δέκα ὄντα τὸν ἀριθμὸν εἰκόνας λέγουσιν εἶναι τῆς ἀοράτου δεκάδος, τῆς ἀπὸ Λόγου καὶ Ζωῆς, προελθούσης,
hexēs * deka dynameis houtōs katarithmousin; hepta men † sōmatika kykloeidē, ha kai ouranous kalousin; epeita ton periektikon autōn kyklon, hon kai ogdoon ouranon onomazousi; pros de toutois hēlion te kai selēnēn. tauta deka onta ton arithmon eikonas legousin einai tēs aoratou dekados, tēs apo Logou kai Zōēs, proelthousēs,
"Next they count ten powers thus: seven circular bodies, which they also call heavens; then the circle that contains them, which they name the eighth heaven; and in addition the sun and moon. These, being ten in number, they say are images of the invisible decad that came forth from Word and Life;"
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Notes and citation
Summary: The heavens, sun, and moon image the decad.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.17.1. A word is missing after 'Next', and the edition marks 'bodies' as corrupt.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR slip.; Word split by a line-end hyphen.): δυνάεις → δυνάμεις; οὐρα- νοὺς → οὐρανοὺς; κύκον → κύκλον.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.17.1 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.14.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:27; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-14-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.14.4Holl GCS 25/31:27
τὴν τε δωδεκάδα μηνύεσθαι διὰ τοῦ ζῳδιακοῦ καλουμένου κύκλου. τὰ γὰρ δώδεκα ζῴδια φανερώτατα τὴν τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου καὶ τῆς Ἐκκλησίας θυγατέρα δωδεκάδα σκιαγραφεῖν λέγουσιν.
tēn te dōdekada mēnyesthai dia tou zǭdiakou kaloumenou kyklou. ta gar dōdeka zǭdia phanerōtata tēn tou Anthrōpou kai tēs Ekklēsias thygatera dōdekada skiagraphein legousin.
"and that the dodecad is indicated by the so-called zodiac circle. For they say that the twelve signs most plainly sketch the dodecad, the daughter of Man and Church."
Notes and citation
Summary: The zodiac images the dodecad.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.17.1.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR capitalization slip.): τὴν Τε → τὴν τε.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.17.1 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.14.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:27; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-14-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.14.5Holl GCS 25/31:27–28
καὶ ἐπεὶ ἀντεπεζεύχθη, φασί, τῇ τῶν ὅλων φορᾷ ὠκυτάτῃ ὑπαρχούσῃ ὁ ϋπερθεν οὐρανὸς ὁ πρὸς αὐτῷ τῷ κύτει βαρύνων καὶ ἀντιταλαντεύων τὴν ἐκείνων ὠκύτητα τῇ ἑαυτοῦ βραδυτῆτι, ὥστε αὐτὸν ἐν τριάκοντα ἔτεσι τὴν περιοδον ἀπὸ σημείου ἐπὶ σημεῖον ποιεῖσθαι, εἰκόνα λέγουσιν αὐτὸν τοῦ Ὅρου τοῦ τὴν τριακοντώνυμον Μητέρα αὐτῶν περιέχοντος.
kai epei antepezeuchthē, phasi, tę̄ tōn holōn phorą ōkytatę̄ hyparchousę̄ ho ÿperthen ouranos ho pros autǭ tǭ kytei barynōn kai antitalanteuōn tēn ekeinōn ōkytēta tę̄ heautou bradytēti, hōste auton en triakonta etesi tēn periodon apo sēmeiou epi sēmeion poieisthai, eikona legousin auton tou Horou tou tēn triakontōnymon Mētera autōn periechontos.
"And since, they say, the uppermost heaven, which presses on the vault itself, was yoked against the motion of the universe, which is very swift, and counterbalances their swiftness with its own slowness, so that it makes its circuit from sign to sign in thirty years, they say it is an image of Limit, who surrounds their thirty-named Mother."
Notes and citation
Summary: The slow outer heaven images Limit.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.17.1. The thirty-year period is that of Saturn.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.17.1 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.14.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:27–28; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-14-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.14.6Holl GCS 25/31:28
τὴν σελήνην τε πάλιν τὸν ἑαυτῆς οὐρανὸν ἐμπεριερχομένην τριάκοντα ἡμέραις διὰ τῶν ἡμερῶν τὸν ἀριθμὸν τῶν τριάκοντα Αἰώνων ἐκτυποῦν.
tēn selēnēn te palin ton heautēs ouranon emperierchomenēn triakonta hēmerais dia tōn hēmerōn ton arithmon tōn triakonta Aiōnōn ektypoun.
"And again, the moon, going round its own heaven in thirty days, portrays by its days the number of the thirty Aeons."
Notes and citation
Summary: The moon's thirty days image the thirty Aeons.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.17.1.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.17.1 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.14.6 (Holl GCS 25/31:28; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-14-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.14.7Holl GCS 25/31:28
καὶ τὸν ἥλιον δὲ ἐν δεκαδύο μησὶν περιερχόμενον καὶ τερματίζοντα τὴν κυκλικὴν αὐτοῦ ἀποκατάστασιν, διὰ τῶν δώδεκα μηνῶν τὴν δωδεκάδα φανερὰν ποιεῖν, καὶ αὐτὰς δὲ τὰς ἡμέρας, δεκαδύο ὡρῶν τὸ μέτρον ἐχούσας, τύπον τῆς > φαειῆς δωδεκάδος εἶναι.
kai ton hēlion de en dekadyo mēsin perierchomenon kai termatizonta tēn kyklikēn autou apokatastasin, dia tōn dōdeka mēnōn tēn dōdekada phaneran poiein, kai autas de tas hēmeras, dekadyo hōrōn to metron echousas, typon tēs > phaeiēs dōdekados einai.
"And the sun too, going round in twelve months and completing its circular return, makes the dodecad plain through the twelve months; and the days themselves, having the measure of twelve hours, are a type of the … dodecad."
Notes and citation
Summary: The sun's months and the day's hours image the dodecad.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.17.1. The adjective before 'dodecad' is garbled in the digital text (φαειῆς, perhaps 'shining' or, with Irenaeus's Latin, 'invisible').
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.17.1 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.14.7 (Holl GCS 25/31:28; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-14-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.14.8Holl GCS 25/31:28
ἀλλὰ μὴν καὶ τὴν ὥραν φασί, τὸ δωδέκατον τῆς ἡμέρας, ἐκ τριάκοντα μοιρῶν κεκοσμῆσθαι διὰ τὴν εἰκόνα τῆς τριακοντάδος.
alla mēn kai tēn hōran phasi, to dōdekaton tēs hēmeras, ek triakonta moirōn kekosmēsthai dia tēn eikona tēs triakontados.
"Moreover, they say that the hour, the twelfth part of the day, is arranged in thirty degrees on account of the image of the triacontad."
Notes and citation
Summary: The hour's thirty parts image the triacontad.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.17.1.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.17.1 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.14.8 (Holl GCS 25/31:28; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-14-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.14.9Holl GCS 25/31:28
καὶ αὐτοῦ δὲ τοῦ ζῳδιακοῦ κύκλου τὴν περίμετρον εἶναι μοιρῶν τριακοσίων ἑξήκοντα· ἕκαστον γὰρ ζῴδιον μοίρας ἔχειν τριάκοντα. οὕτως δὴ καὶ διὰ τοῦ κύκλου τὴν εἰκόνα τῆς συναφείας τῶν δώδεκα πρὸς τὰ τριάκοντα τετηρῆσθαι λέγουσιν.
kai autou de tou zǭdiakou kyklou tēn perimetron einai moirōn triakosiōn hexēkonta; hekaston gar zǭdion moiras echein triakonta. houtōs dē kai dia tou kyklou tēn eikona tēs synapheias tōn dōdeka pros ta triakonta tetērēsthai legousin.
"And the circumference of the zodiac circle itself is three hundred and sixty degrees, for each sign has thirty degrees. So also through the circle, they say, the image of the union of the twelve with the thirty has been preserved."
Notes and citation
Summary: The zodiac's degrees join twelve and thirty.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.17.1.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.17.1 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.14.9 (Holl GCS 25/31:28; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-14-9). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.14.10Holl GCS 25/31:28–29
ἔτι μὴν καὶ τὴν γῆν εἰς δώδεκα κλίματα διῃρῆσθαι φάσκοντες καὶ καθʼ ἕκαστον κλίμα ἀνὰ > δύναμιν ἐκ τῶν οὐρανῶν κατὰ κάθετον ὑποδεχομένην καὶ ἐοικότα τίκτουσαν τέκνα τῇ καταπεμπούσῌ τὴν ἀπόρροιαν δυνάμει τύπον εἲναι τῆς δωδεκάδος καὶ τῶν τέκνων αὐτῆς σαφέστατον διαβεβαιοῦνται.
eti mēn kai tēn gēn eis dōdeka klimata dię̄rēsthai phaskontes kai kathʼ hekaston klima ana > dynamin ek tōn ouranōn kata katheton hypodechomenēn kai eoikota tiktousan tekna tę̄ katapempousĘ̄ tēn aporroian dynamei typon einai tēs dōdekados kai tōn teknōn autēs saphestaton diabebaiountai.
"Further, they assert that the earth is divided into twelve zones, and that in each zone it receives a power from the heavens vertically and bears offspring like the power that sends down the influence; and this they firmly declare to be a most clear type of the dodecad and its children."
Notes and citation
Summary: The earth's twelve zones image the dodecad.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.17.1.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR slip.): δι{μρῆσθαι → διῃρῆσθαι.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.17.1 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.14.10 (Holl GCS 25/31:28–29; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-14-10). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.14.11Holl GCS 25/31:29
Πρὸς δὲ τούτοις θελήσαντά φασι τὸν Δημιουργὸν τῆς ἄνω Ὀγδοάδος δυνηθέντα τὸ μόνιμον αὐτῆς καὶ ἀίδιον ἐκτυπῶσαι, διὰ τὸ καρπὸν <αὐτὸν> εἶναι Ὑστερήματος, εἰς χρόνους καὶ καιρούς, ἀριθμούς τε πολυετεῖς τὸ αἰώνιον αὐτῆς κατατεθεῖσθαι, οἰόμενον ἐν τῷ πλήθει τῶν χρόνων μιμήσασθαι αὐτῆς τὸ ἀπέραντον.
Pros de toutois thelēsanta phasi ton Dēmiourgon tēs anō Ogdoados dynēthenta to monimon autēs kai aidion ektypōsai, dia to karpon <auton> einai Hysterēmatos, eis chronous kai kairous, arithmous te polyeteis to aiōnion autēs katatetheisthai, oiomenon en tǭ plēthei tōn chronōn mimēsasthai autēs to aperanton.
"Besides this they say that the Demiurge, wishing to imitate the permanence and eternity of the Ogdoad above, and being unable to do so because he is the fruit of Deficiency, spread its eternity out into times and seasons and numbers of many years, thinking that he could imitate its boundlessness by the multitude of times."
Notes and citation
Summary: The Demiurge imitates eternity with time.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.17.2. The digital text reads 'being able'; the argument (and Irenaeus's Latin) requires 'unable', so it is translated by sense.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR slip.): Δημιουρηὸν → Δημιουργὸν; εἲαι → εἶναι.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.17.2 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.14.11 (Holl GCS 25/31:29; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-14-11). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.14.12Holl GCS 25/31:29
ἐνταῦθά τε λέγουσιν, ἐκφυγούσης αὐτὸν τῆς Ἀληθείας, ἐπηκολουθηκέναι τὸ ψεῦδος, καὶ διὰ τοῦτο κατάλυσιν πληρωθέντων τῶν χρόνων λαβεῖν αὐτοῦ τὸ ἔργον.
entautha te legousin, ekphygousēs auton tēs Alētheias, epēkolouthēkenai to pseudos, kai dia touto katalysin plērōthentōn tōn chronōn labein autou to ergon.
"And here, they say, since the Truth escaped him, falsehood followed; and for this reason his work will be dissolved when the times are fulfilled."
Notes and citation
Summary: The Demiurge's work will end in dissolution.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.17.2.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.17.2 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy, Eschatology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.14.12 (Holl GCS 25/31:29; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-14-12). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 34, chapter 15
34.15.1Holl GCS 25/31:29
15. Καὶ περὶ μὲν τῆς κτίσεως τοιαῦτα λέγοντες, καθʼ ἑκάστην ἡμέραν ἐπιγεννᾷ ἕκαστος αὐτῶν, καθὼς δύναται, καινότερόν >. τέλειος γὰρ οὐδεὶς ὁ μὴ μεγάλα ψεύσματα παρʼ αὐτοῖς καρποφορήσας.
15. Kai peri men tēs ktiseōs toiauta legontes, kathʼ hekastēn hēmeran epigenną hekastos autōn, kathōs dynatai, kainoteron >. teleios gar oudeis ho mē megala pseusmata parʼ autois karpophorēsas.
"Saying such things about creation, each of them every day begets something newer, as far as he can; for no one among them is perfect who has not borne great lies as fruit."
Notes and citation
Summary: Each of them invents new doctrines daily.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.18.1.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.18.1 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.15.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:29; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-15-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.15.2Holl GCS 25/31:29
ἐκ δὲ τῶν προφητικῶν ὅσα μεταμορφάζουσιν, ἀναγκαῖον μηνύσαντας τὸν ἔλεγχον αὐτοῖς ἐπάγειν. ὁ γὰρ Μωυσῆς, φασίν, ἀρχόμενος τῆς κατὰ τὴν κτίσιν πραγματείας, εὐθὺς ἐν ἀρχῇ τὴν Μητέρα τῶν ὅλων ἐπέδειξεν εἰπών »ἐν ἀρχῇ ἐποίησεν ὁ θεὸς τὸν οὐρανὸν καὶ τὴν γῆν«.
ek de tōn prophētikōn hosa metamorphazousin, anankaion mēnysantas ton elenchon autois epagein. ho gar Mōysēs, phasin, archomenos tēs kata tēn ktisin pragmateias, euthys en archę̄ tēn Mētera tōn holōn epedeixen eipōn »en archę̄ epoiēsen ho theos ton ouranon kai tēn gēn«.
"It is necessary to point out what they transform from the prophetic writings and bring the refutation against them. Moses, they say, beginning his account of creation, at once in the beginning showed the Mother of all when he said, 'In the beginning God made the heaven and the earth.'"
Gen 1:1 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: They read their system into Genesis 1:1.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.18.1, quoting Gen 1:1.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR slip.): ἐν ἀρχ ἐποίησεν → ἐν ἀρχῇ ἐποίησεν.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.18.1 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy, Scripture and canon
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.15.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:29; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-15-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.15.3Holl GCS 25/31:29
τέσσαρα οὖν ταῦτα ὀνομάσας, θεὸν καὶ ἀρχήν, οὐρανὸν καὶ γῆν, τὴν τετρακτὺν αὐτῶν, ὡς αὐτοὶ λέγουσι, διετύπωσεν. καὶ τὸ ἀόρατον δὲ καὶ ἀπόκρυφον αὐτῆς μηνύοντα εἰπεῖν »ἡ δὲ γῆ ἦν ἀόρατος καὶ ἀκατασκεύαστος«.
tessara oun tauta onomasas, theon kai archēn, ouranon kai gēn, tēn tetraktyn autōn, hōs autoi legousi, dietypōsen. kai to aoraton de kai apokryphon autēs mēnyonta eipein »hē de gē ēn aoratos kai akataskeuastos«.
"By naming these four, God and beginning, heaven and earth, he portrayed their tetractys, as they themselves say. And to indicate its invisible and hidden character he said, 'And the earth was invisible and unformed.'"
Gen 1:2 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Genesis 1:1–2 is made to show the tetrad.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.18.1, quoting Gen 1:2 LXX.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.18.1 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy, Scripture and canon
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.15.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:29; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-15-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.15.4Holl GCS 25/31:29
τὴν > δευτέραν τετράδα, γέννημα πρώτης τετράδος, οὕτως αὐτὸν εἰρηκέναι θέλουσιν, ἄβυσσον ὀνομάζοντα καὶ σκότος ἐν σφίσιν αὐτοῖς καὶ ὕδωρ καὶ τὸ ἐπιφερόμενον τῷ ὕδατι πνεῦμα.
tēn > deuteran tetrada, gennēma prōtēs tetrados, houtōs auton eirēkenai thelousin, abysson onomazonta kai skotos en sphisin autois kai hydōr kai to epipheromenon tǭ hydati pneuma.
"The second tetrad, the offspring of the first tetrad, they want him to have spoken of in this way, naming abyss and darkness, and in them water, and the Spirit borne over the water."
Gen 1:2 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The second tetrad is found in Genesis 1:2.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.18.1, from Gen 1:2.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR slip.): ἐπφερόμενον → ἐπιφερόμενον.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.18.1 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy, Scripture and canon
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.15.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:29; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-15-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.15.5Holl GCS 25/31:29
μεθʼ ἣν τῆς δεκάδος μνημονεύοντα φῶς λέγειν καὶ ἡμέραν καὶ νύκτα, στερέωμά τε καὶ ἑσπέραν καὶ ὃ καλεῖται πρωΐ, ξηράν τε καὶ θάλασσαν, ἔτι τε βοτάνην καὶ δεκάτῳ τόπῳ τὸ ξύλον·
methʼ hēn tēs dekados mnēmoneuonta phōs legein kai hēmeran kai nykta, stereōma te kai hesperan kai ho kaleitai prōï, xēran te kai thalassan, eti te botanēn kai dekatǭ topǭ to xylon;
"After this, mentioning the decad, he speaks of light and day and night, firmament and evening and what is called morning, dry land and sea, and further grass, and in the tenth place the tree;"
Gen 1:3 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Ten items in Genesis 1 are made the decad.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.18.1, from Gen 1:3–12.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR slip.): μηνμονεύοντα → μνημονεύοντα.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.18.1 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy, Scripture and canon
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.15.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:29; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-15-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.15.6Holl GCS 25/31:29–30
οὕτως τε διὰ τῶν δέκα ὀνομάτων τοὺς δέκα Αἰῶνας μεμηνυκέναι. τῆς δὲ δωδεκάδος οὕτως ἐξεικονίσθαι παρʼ αὐτῷ τὴν δύναμιν· ἥλιον γὰρ λέγειν καὶ σελήνην, ἀστέρας τε καὶ καιρούς, ἐνιαυτούς τε καὶ κήτη, ἔτι <ἔτι τε> ἰχθύας καὶ ἑρπετά, πετεινά τε καὶ τετράποδα, θηρία τε καὶ ἐπὶ πᾶσι τούτοις δωδέκατον τὸν ἄνθρωπον. οὕτως ὑπὸ τοῦ πνεύματος τὴν τριακοντάδα διὰ Μωυσέως εἰρῆσθαι διδάσκουσιν.
houtōs te dia tōn deka onomatōn tous deka Aiōnas memēnykenai. tēs de dōdekados houtōs exeikonisthai parʼ autǭ tēn dynamin; hēlion gar legein kai selēnēn, asteras te kai kairous, eniautous te kai kētē, eti <eti te> ichthyas kai herpeta, peteina te kai tetrapoda, thēria te kai epi pasi toutois dōdekaton ton anthrōpon. houtōs hypo tou pneumatos tēn triakontada dia Mōyseōs eirēsthai didaskousin.
"and so by the ten names he indicated the ten Aeons. And the power of the dodecad is portrayed by him thus: he speaks of sun and moon, stars and seasons, years and sea monsters, and further fish and creeping things, birds and four-footed animals, wild beasts, and, after all these, twelfth, man. So they teach that the triacontad was spoken by the Spirit through Moses."
Gen 1:14 (allusion, high confidence) · Gen 1:26 (allusion, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Twelve more items make the dodecad, so Moses taught the thirty.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.18.1, from Gen 1:14–27. The words 'and further' are doubled in the digital text.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.18.1 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy, Scripture and canon
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.15.6 (Holl GCS 25/31:29–30; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-15-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.15.7Holl GCS 25/31:30
ἀλλὰ μὴν καὶ τὸν πλαστὸν ἄνθρωπον κατʼ εἰκόνα τὴς ἄνω δυνάμεως ἔχειν ἐν αὑτῷ τὴν ἀπὸ τῆς μιᾶς πηγῆς δύναμιν ἱδρῦσθαι δὲ ταύτην ἐν τῷ κατὰ τὸν ἐγκέφαλον τόπῳ), ἀφʼ ἧς ἀπορρεῖν δυνάμεις τέσσαρας κατʼ εἰκόνα τῆς ἄνω τετράδος καλουμένας, τὴν μὲν ὅρασιν, τὴν δὲ ἀκοήν, τὴν δὲ τρίτην ὄσφρησιν καὶ τὴν τετάρτην γεῦσιν.
alla mēn kai ton plaston anthrōpon katʼ eikona tēs anō dynameōs echein en hautǭ tēn apo tēs mias pēgēs dynamin hidrysthai de tautēn en tǭ kata ton enkephalon topǭ), aphʼ hēs aporrein dynameis tessaras katʼ eikona tēs anō tetrados kaloumenas, tēn men horasin, tēn de akoēn, tēn de tritēn osphrēsin kai tēn tetartēn geusin.
"Moreover, the man who was formed after the image of the power above has in himself the power from the one fountain (it is seated in the region of the brain), from which flow four powers, after the image of the tetrad above, namely sight, hearing, the third smell, and the fourth taste."
Gen 1:27 (echo, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The senses of the body image the tetrad.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.18.2.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR slip.): ἐγκέφραλον → ἐγκέφαλον.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.18.2 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.15.7 (Holl GCS 25/31:30; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-15-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.15.8Holl GCS 25/31:30
τὴν δὲ ὀγδοάδα φασὶν μηνύεσθαι διὰ τοῦ ἀνθρώπου οὕτως· ἀκοὰς μὲν δύο ἔχοντος καὶ τοσαύτας ὁράσεις, ἔτι τε ὀσφρήσεις δύο καὶ διπλῆν γεῦσιν, πικροῦ τε καὶ γλυκέος.
tēn de ogdoada phasin mēnyesthai dia tou anthrōpou houtōs; akoas men dyo echontos kai tosautas horaseis, eti te osphrēseis dyo kai diplēn geusin, pikrou te kai glykeos.
"And the ogdoad, they say, is indicated through man thus: he has two ears and as many eyes, also two nostrils, and a double taste, of bitter and sweet."
Notes and citation
Summary: The paired senses make the ogdoad.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.18.2.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.18.2 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.15.8 (Holl GCS 25/31:30; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-15-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.15.9Holl GCS 25/31:30
ὅλον δὲ τὸν ἄνθρωπον πᾶσαν τὴν εἰκόνα τῆς τριακοντάδος οὕτως ἔχειν διδάσκουσιν· ἐν μὲν ταῖς χερσὶ διὰ τῶν δακτύλων τὴν δεκάδα βαστάζειν, ἐν ὅλῳ δὲ τῷ σώματι εἰς δώδεκα μέλη διαιρουμένῳ τὴν δωδεκάδα. διαιροῦσι δὲ αὐτό, καθάπερ τὸ τῆς Ἀληθείας διῄρηται παρʼ αὐτοῖς σῶμα, περὶ οὗ προειρήκαμεν. τήν τε οὖν ὀγδοάδα, ἄρρητόν τε καὶ ἀόρατον οὖσαν, ἐν τοῖς σπλάγχνοις κρυβομένην νοεῖσθαι.
holon de ton anthrōpon pasan tēn eikona tēs triakontados houtōs echein didaskousin; en men tais chersi dia tōn daktylōn tēn dekada bastazein, en holǭ de tǭ sōmati eis dōdeka melē diairoumenǭ tēn dōdekada. diairousi de auto, kathaper to tēs Alētheias dię̄rētai parʼ autois sōma, peri hou proeirēkamen. tēn te oun ogdoada, arrēton te kai aoraton ousan, en tois splanchnois krybomenēn noeisthai.
"They teach that the whole man has the whole image of the triacontad thus: in his hands he carries the decad through the fingers, and in the whole body, divided into twelve members, the dodecad. They divide it just as the body of Truth is divided among them, of which we spoke before. And the ogdoad, being ineffable and invisible, is understood as hidden in the inner organs."
Notes and citation
Summary: The whole human body images the thirty.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.18.2. The body of Truth: Against Heresies 1.14.3, quoted earlier in this chapter.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (Stray mark.): ὅλον δὲ | τὸν → ὅλον δὲ τὸν.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.18.2 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.15.9 (Holl GCS 25/31:30; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-15-9). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 34, chapter 16
34.16.1Holl GCS 25/31:30
16. Ἥλιον δὲ πάλιν, τὸν μέγαν φωστῆρα, ἐν τῇ τετάρτῃ τῶν ἡμερῶν γεγονέναι διὰ τὸν τῆς τετράδος ἀριθμὸν φάσκουσι.
16. Hēlion de palin, ton megan phōstēra, en tę̄ tetartę̄ tōn hēmerōn gegonenai dia ton tēs tetrados arithmon phaskousi.
"Again, they say that the sun, the great luminary, came into being on the fourth day on account of the number of the tetrad."
Gen 1:16 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The sun's creation on day four points to the tetrad.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.18.3, from Gen 1:14–19.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.18.3 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.16.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:30; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-16-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.16.2Holl GCS 25/31:30
τῆς τε σκηνῆς τῆς ὑπὸ Μωυσέως κατασκευαθείσης αἱ αὐλαὶ ἐκ βύσσου καὶ ὑακίνθου καὶ πορφύρας καὶ κοκκίνου γεγονυῖαι τὴν αὐτὴν παρʼ αὐτοῖς ἐπέδειξαν εἰκόνα.
tēs te skēnēs tēs hypo Mōyseōs kataskeuatheisēs hai aulai ek byssou kai hyakinthou kai porphyras kai kokkinou gegonuiai tēn autēn parʼ autois epedeixan eikona.
"And the curtains of the tabernacle made by Moses, being of fine linen, blue, purple, and scarlet, showed, in their view, the same image."
Exod 26:1 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The four colors of the tabernacle curtains image the tetrad.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.18.3, from Exod 26:1.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR slip in the breathing.; OCR slip.): ἐκι βύσσου → ἐκ βύσσου; αἶ αὐλαὶ → αἱ αὐλαὶ.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.18.3 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.16.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:30; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-16-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.16.3Holl GCS 25/31:30
τόν τε τοῦ ἱερέως ποδήρη, τέσσαρσι στοιχείοις λίθων πολυτελῶν κεκοσμημένον, τὴν τετράδα σημαίνειν διορίζονται· καὶ εἴ τινα <ὅλως> τοιαῦτα ἐν ταῖς γραφαῖς εἰς τὸν τῶν τεσσάρων δυνάμενα ἄγεσθαι ἀριθμόν, διὰ τὴν τετρακτὺν αὐτῶν φασι γεγονέναι.
ton te tou hiereōs podērē, tessarsi stoicheiois lithōn polytelōn kekosmēmenon, tēn tetrada sēmainein diorizontai; kai ei tina <holōs> toiauta en tais graphais eis ton tōn tessarōn dynamena agesthai arithmon, dia tēn tetraktyn autōn phasi gegonenai.
"And they determine that the priest's long robe, adorned with four rows of precious stones, signifies the tetrad; and whatever such things there are in the Scriptures that can be brought to the number four, they say came about because of their tetractys."
Exod 28:17 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Every fourfold thing in Scripture is referred to their tetrad.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.18.3, from Exod 28:17 (the breastpiece).
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.18.3 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.16.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:30; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-16-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.16.4Holl GCS 25/31:30–31
τὴν δὲ ὀγδοάδα πάλιν δείκνυσθαι οὕτως· ἐν τῇ ὀγδόῃ τῶν ἡμερῶν πεπλάσθαι λέγουσι τὸν ἄνθρωπον· ποτὲ μὲν γὰρ αὐτὸν τῇ ἕκτῃ βούλονται γεγονέναι, ποτὲ δὲ > τῇ ὀγδόῃ, εἰ μή τι τὸν μὲν χοϊκὸν ἐν τῇ ἕκτῃ τῶν ἡμερῶν ἐροῦσι πεπλάσθαι, τὸν δὲ σαρκικὸν ἐν τῇ ὀγδόῃ· διέσταλται γὰρ ταῦτα παρʼ αὐτοῖς.
tēn de ogdoada palin deiknysthai houtōs; en tę̄ ogdoę̄ tōn hēmerōn peplasthai legousi ton anthrōpon; pote men gar auton tę̄ hektę̄ boulontai gegonenai, pote de > tę̄ ogdoę̄, ei mē ti ton men choïkon en tę̄ hektę̄ tōn hēmerōn erousi peplasthai, ton de sarkikon en tę̄ ogdoę̄; diestaltai gar tauta parʼ autois.
"The ogdoad, again, is shown in this way: they say that man was formed on the eighth day. For sometimes they want him to have come into being on the sixth, and sometimes on the eighth, unless perhaps they will say that the earthly man was formed on the sixth day and the fleshly man on the eighth; for these are distinguished among them."
Gen 1:27 (echo, medium confidence) · Gen 2:7 (echo, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: They place man's formation on the eighth day to find the ogdoad.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.18.2.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR capitalization slip.; OCR slip.; Word split by a line-end hyphen.): πεΠλάσθαι → πεπλάσθαι; τῇ ἕκτῳ → τῇ ἕκτῃ; σαρ- κικὸν → σαρκικὸν.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.18.2 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.16.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:30–31; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-16-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.16.5Holl GCS 25/31:31
ἔνιοι δὲ <καὶ> ἄλλον <εἶναι> θέλουσι τὸ κατʼ εἰκόνα καὶ ὁμοίωσιν θεοῦ γεγονότα ἀρσενόθηλυν ἄνθρωπον καὶ τοῦτον εἲναι τὸν πνευματικόν, ἄλλον δὲ τὸν ἐκ τῆς γῆς πλασθέντα.
enioi de <kai> allon <einai> thelousi to katʼ eikona kai homoiōsin theou gegonota arsenothēlyn anthrōpon kai touton einai ton pneumatikon, allon de ton ek tēs gēs plasthenta.
"Some of them also want the male-female man, made after the image and likeness of God, to be another, and this to be the spiritual man, and the one formed from the earth to be another."
Gen 1:27 (allusion, high confidence) · Gen 2:7 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Some distinguish the spiritual man of Gen 1 from the earthly man of Gen 2.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.18.2, on Gen 1:26–27 and 2:7.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR slip.): ἐκ τῆς Τῆς → ἐκ τῆς γῆς.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.18.2 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.16.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:31; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-16-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.16.6Holl GCS 25/31:31
Καὶ τὴν τῆς κιβωτοῦ δὲ οἰκονομίαν ἐν τῷ κατακλυσμῷ, ἐν ᾗ ὀκτὼ ἄνθρωποι διεσώθησαν, φανερώτατά φασι τὴν σωτήριον ὀγδοάδα μηνύειν. τὸ αὐτὸ δὲ καὶ τὸν Δαυίδ, ὄγδοον ὄντα τῇ γενέσει τῶν ἀδελφῶν αὐτοῦ, σημαίνειν. ἔτι μὴν καὶ τὴν περιτομήν, ὀκταήμερον γινομένην, τὸ περίτμημα τῆς ἄνω ὀγδοάδος δηλοῦν.
Kai tēn tēs kibōtou de oikonomian en tǭ kataklysmǭ, en hę̄ oktō anthrōpoi diesōthēsan, phanerōtata phasi tēn sōtērion ogdoada mēnyein. to auto de kai ton Dauid, ogdoon onta tę̄ genesei tōn adelphōn autou, sēmainein. eti mēn kai tēn peritomēn, oktaēmeron ginomenēn, to peritmēma tēs anō ogdoados dēloun.
"And they say that the dispensation of the ark in the flood, in which eight people were saved, most plainly indicates the saving ogdoad. David signifies the same, being eighth in birth among his brothers. And circumcision too, performed on the eighth day, shows the circumcision of the ogdoad above."
1 Pet 3:20 (allusion, medium confidence) · 1 Sam 16:10 (allusion, medium confidence) · Gen 17:12 (allusion, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The ark's eight, David, and eighth-day circumcision are made signs of the ogdoad.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.18.3. Cf. 1 Pet 3:20; 1 Sam 16:10–11; Gen 17:12.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (Greek words left in Latin transliteration (Beta Code) in the digital text.; OCR slip.): μηνύνειν → μηνύειν; shmainein. eti mhn καὶ thn peritomhn, oktahmeron ginomenhn, to peritmhma → σημαίνειν. ἔτι μὴν καὶ τὴν περιτομήν, ὀκταήμερον γινομένην, τὸ περίτμημα.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.18.3 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.16.6 (Holl GCS 25/31:31; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-16-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.16.7Holl GCS 25/31:31
καὶ ἁπλῶς ὅσα εὑρίσκεται ἐν ταῖς γραφαῖς ὑπάγεσθαι δυνάμενα εἰς τὸ ἀριθμὸν τῶν ὀκτὼ τὸ μυστήριον τῆς ὀγδοάδος ἐκπληροῦν λέγουσιν.
kai haplōs hosa heurisketai en tais graphais hypagesthai dynamena eis to arithmon tōn oktō to mystērion tēs ogdoados ekplēroun legousin.
"And in short, whatever is found in the Scriptures that can be brought under the number eight, they say fulfils the mystery of the ogdoad."
Notes and citation
Summary: Every eight in Scripture becomes the ogdoad.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.18.3.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR capitalization slip.): ἁΠλῶς → ἁπλῶς.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.18.3 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.16.7 (Holl GCS 25/31:31; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-16-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.16.8Holl GCS 25/31:31
ἀλλὰ καὶ τὴν δεκάδα σημαίνεσθαι διὰ τῶν δέκα ἐθνῶν, ὧι ἐπηγγείλατο ὁ θεὸς τῷ Ἀβραὰμ εἰς κατάσχεσιν δοῦναι, λέγουσι,. καὶ τὴν > Σάρραν δὲ οἰκονομίαν, ὡς μετὰ ἔτη δέκα δίδωσιν αὐτῷ τὴν ἑαυτῆς δούλην Ἄγαρ, ἵνα ἐξ αὐτῆς τεκνοποιήσηται, τὸ αὐτὸ δηλοῦν.
alla kai tēn dekada sēmainesthai dia tōn deka ethnōn, hōi epēngeilato ho theos tǭ Abraam eis kataschesin dounai, legousi,. kai tēn > Sarran de oikonomian, hōs meta etē deka didōsin autǭ tēn heautēs doulēn Agar, hina ex autēs teknopoiēsētai, to auto dēloun.
"They say, too, that the decad is signified by the ten nations which God promised to give to Abraham as a possession; and Sarah's arrangement, when after ten years she gives him her own slave Hagar so that he might have children by her, shows the same."
Gen 15:19 (allusion, high confidence) · Gen 16:3 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Ten nations and Sarah's ten years point to the decad.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.18.4. Gen 15:19–21; 16:2–3.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.18.4 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.16.8 (Holl GCS 25/31:31; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-16-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.16.9Holl GCS 25/31:31
καὶ ὁ δοῦλος δὲ ὁ > Ἀβραὰμ πεμφθεὶς ἐπὶ Ῥεβέκκαν καὶ ἐπὶ τῷ φρέατι διδοὺς αὐτῇ ψέλια χρυσῶν δέκα, καὶ οἱ ἀδελφοὶ αὐτῆς κατέχοντες αὐτὴν ἐπὶ δέκα ἡμέρας, ἔτι τε Ῥοβοάμ ὁ τὰ δέκα σκῆπτρα λαμβάνων καὶ τῆς σκηνῆς αἱ δέκα αὐλαὶ καὶ οἱ στῦλοι οἱ δεκαπήχεις καὶ οἱ δέκα υἱοὶ Ἰακὼβ ἐπὶ τὴν ὠνὴν τοῦ σίτου τὸ πρῶτον εἰς Αἴγυπτον πεμφθέντες καὶ οἱ δέκα ἀπόστολοι, οἷς φανεροῦται μετὰ τὴν ἔγερσιν ὁ κύριος, τοῦ Θωμᾶ μὴ παρόντος, τὴν ἀόρατον διετύπουν κατʼ αὐτοὺς δεκάδα.
kai ho doulos de ho > Abraam pemphtheis epi Rhebekkan kai epi tǭ phreati didous autę̄ pselia chrysōn deka, kai hoi adelphoi autēs katechontes autēn epi deka hēmeras, eti te Rhoboam ho ta deka skēptra lambanōn kai tēs skēnēs hai deka aulai kai hoi styloi hoi dekapēcheis kai hoi deka huioi Iakōb epi tēn ōnēn tou sitou to prōton eis Aigypton pemphthentes kai hoi deka apostoloi, hois phaneroutai meta tēn egersin ho kyrios, tou Thōma mē parontos, tēn aoraton dietypoun katʼ autous dekada.
"And Abraham's servant sent for Rebecca, who gave her ten gold bracelets at the well; her brothers, who kept her for ten days; Rehoboam, who received the ten sceptres; the ten curtains of the tabernacle; the pillars ten cubits high; the ten sons of Jacob sent into Egypt the first time to buy grain; and the ten apostles to whom the Lord appeared after the resurrection when Thomas was absent: all these, according to them, portrayed the invisible decad."
Gen 24:22 (allusion, high confidence) · Gen 24:55 (allusion, medium confidence) · 1 Kgs 11:31 (allusion, medium confidence) · Exod 26:1 (allusion, medium confidence) · Gen 42:3 (allusion, high confidence) · John 20:24 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Many tens in Scripture are made types of the decad.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.18.4. Gen 24:22, 55; 1 Kgs 11:31 (the ten tribes were in fact given to Jeroboam; the error is in the source); Exod 26:1, 16; Gen 42:3; John 20:24.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR slip in the breathing.): αἶ δέκα αὐλαὶ → αἱ δέκα αὐλαὶ.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.18.4 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.16.9 (Holl GCS 25/31:31; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-16-9). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 34, chapter 17
34.17.1Holl GCS 25/31:31
17. Τὴν δωδεκάδα δέ, περὶ ἣν καὶ τὸ μυστήριον τοῦ πάθους τοῦ Υστερήματος γεγονέναι, ἐξ οὗ πάθους τὰ βλεπόμενα κατεσκευάσθαι θέλουσιν, ἐπισήμως καὶ φανερῶς πανταχῇ
17. Tēn dōdekada de, peri hēn kai to mystērion tou pathous tou Ysterēmatos gegonenai, ex hou pathous ta blepomena kateskeuasthai thelousin, episēmōs kai phanerōs pantachę̄
"The dodecad, around which they say the mystery of the passion of the Deficiency took place, and from which passion they want the visible things to have been fashioned, they say is found notably and plainly everywhere:"
Notes and citation
Summary: They claim the dodecad appears everywhere.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.18.4.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.18.4 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.17.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:31; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-17-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.17.2Holl GCS 25/31:31–32
κεῖσθαι λέγουσιν, ὡς τοὺς δώδεκα υἱοὺς τοῦ Ἰακώβ, ἐξ ὧν καὶ <αἱ> δώδεκα φυλαί, καὶ τὸ λόγιον τὸ δώδεκα ἔχον λίθους καὶ τοὺς δώδεκα κώδωνας καὶ τοὺς ὑπὸ Μωυσέως τεθέντας υπὸ τὸ ὄρος δώδεκα λίθους, ὡσαύτως δὲ καὶ τοὺς ὑπὸ Ἰησοῦ ἐν τῷ ποταμῷ καὶ ἄλλους εἰς τὸ πέραν, καὶ τοὺς βαστάζοντας τὴν κιβωτὸν τῆς διαθήκης καὶ τοὺς ὑπὸ Ἠλία τεθειμένους ἐν τῇ ὁλοκαυτώσει τοῦ μόσχου καὶ τὸν ἀριθμὸν δὲ τῶν ἀποστόλων καὶ πάντα ἁπλῶς ὄσα τὸν δωδέκατον ἀριθμὸν διασῴζει τὴν δωδεκάδα αὐτῶν χαρακτηρίζειν λέγουσι.
keisthai legousin, hōs tous dōdeka huious tou Iakōb, ex hōn kai <hai> dōdeka phylai, kai to logion to dōdeka echon lithous kai tous dōdeka kōdōnas kai tous hypo Mōyseōs tethentas ypo to oros dōdeka lithous, hōsautōs de kai tous hypo Iēsou en tǭ potamǭ kai allous eis to peran, kai tous bastazontas tēn kibōton tēs diathēkēs kai tous hypo Ēlia tetheimenous en tę̄ holokautōsei tou moschou kai ton arithmon de tōn apostolōn kai panta haplōs osa ton dōdekaton arithmon diasǭzei tēn dōdekada autōn charaktērizein legousi.
"such as the twelve sons of Jacob, from whom came the twelve tribes; the breastpiece with its twelve stones; the twelve bells; the twelve stones set up by Moses at the foot of the mountain; likewise those set up by Joshua in the river and others on the far bank; those who carried the ark of the covenant; those laid by Elijah at the burnt offering of the calf; and the number of the apostles. In short, everything that preserves the number twelve, they say, marks their dodecad."
Gen 35:22 (allusion, medium confidence) · Exod 28:21 (allusion, high confidence) · Exod 24:4 (allusion, high confidence) · Josh 4:3 (allusion, high confidence) · Josh 3:12 (allusion, medium confidence) · 1 Kgs 18:31 (allusion, high confidence) · Matt 10:2 (allusion, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Twelves in Scripture are made types of the dodecad.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.18.4. Gen 35:22; Exod 28:21; Exod 24:4; Josh 4:3–9; 3:12; 1 Kgs 18:31. The twelve bells are not in the Hebrew text of Exodus.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR slip.): πεθειμένους → τεθειμένους.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.18.4 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.17.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:31–32; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-17-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.17.3Holl GCS 25/31:32
τὴν δὲ τούτων πάντων ἕνωσιν ὀνομαζομένην τριακοντάδα διὰ τῆς τριάκοντα πηχῶν τὸ ὕψος ἐπὶ Νῶε κιβωτοῦ καὶ διὰ Σαμουὴλ κατακλίναντος τὸν Σαοὺλ ἐν τοῖς τριάκοντα κλητοῖς πρῶτον καὶ διὰ Δαυίδ, ὅτε ἐπὶ τριάκοντα ἡμέραις ἐκρύβετο ἐν τῷ ἀγρῷ, καὶ διὰ τῶν συνεισελθόντων αὐτῷ εἰς τὸ σπήλαιον λ καὶ διὰ τοῦ τὸ μῆκος γίνεσθαι τῆς ἁγίας σκηνῆς τριάκοντα πηχῶν, καὶ εἴ τινα ἄλλα ἰσάριθμα τούτοις εὑρίσκουσι, τὴν τριακοντάδα αὐτῶν διὰ τῶν τοιούτων ἐπιδεικνύναι φιλεριστοῦσιν.
tēn de toutōn pantōn henōsin onomazomenēn triakontada dia tēs triakonta pēchōn to hypsos epi Nōe kibōtou kai dia Samouēl kataklinantos ton Saoul en tois triakonta klētois prōton kai dia Dauid, hote epi triakonta hēmerais ekrybeto en tǭ agrǭ, kai dia tōn syneiselthontōn autǭ eis to spēlaion l kai dia tou to mēkos ginesthai tēs hagias skēnēs triakonta pēchōn, kai ei tina alla isarithma toutois heuriskousi, tēn triakontada autōn dia tōn toioutōn epideiknynai phileristousin.
"And the union of all these, called the triacontad, they eagerly contend is shown through Noah's ark, thirty cubits high; through Samuel, who seated Saul first among the thirty guests; through David, when he hid in the field for thirty days; through the thirty who went into the cave with him; through the length of the holy tabernacle being thirty cubits; and through any other things they find equal in number to these."
Gen 6:15 (allusion, high confidence) · 1 Sam 9:22 (allusion, high confidence) · 1 Sam 20:5 (allusion, low confidence) · 2 Sam 23:13 (allusion, medium confidence) · Exod 26:8 (allusion, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Thirties in Scripture are made types of the triacontad.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.18.4. Gen 6:15; 1 Sam 9:22; 1 Sam 20:5 (the thirty days are not in the text as we have it); 2 Sam 23:13; Exod 26:8.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.18.4 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.17.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:32; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-17-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 34, chapter 18
34.18.1Holl GCS 25/31:32
18. Ἀναγκαῖον <δὲ> ἡγησάμην προσθεῖναι τούτοις καὶ ὅσα περὶ τοῦ Προπάτορος αὐτῶν, ὃς ἄγνωστος ἦν τοῖς πᾶσι πρὸ τῆς τοῦ Χριστοῦ παρουσίας, ἐκλέγοντες ἐκ τῶν γραφῶν πείθειν ἐπιχειροῦσιν, ἵνʼ ἐπιδείξωσι τὸν κύριον ἡμῶν ἄλλον καταγγέλλοντα πατέρα παρὰ τὸν ποιητὴν τοῦδε τοῦ παντός, ὃν καθὼς προέφαμεν ἀσεβοῦντες Ὑστερήματος καρπὸν εἶναι λέγουσι.
18. Anankaion <de> hēgēsamēn prostheinai toutois kai hosa peri tou Propatoros autōn, hos agnōstos ēn tois pasi pro tēs tou Christou parousias, eklegontes ek tōn graphōn peithein epicheirousin, hinʼ epideixōsi ton kyrion hēmōn allon katangellonta patera para ton poiētēn toude tou pantos, hon kathōs proephamen asebountes Hysterēmatos karpon einai legousi.
"I thought it necessary to add to these also what they select from the Scriptures and try to persuade people of concerning their Forefather, who was unknown to all before the coming of Christ, so as to show that our Lord proclaimed another Father besides the maker of this universe, whom, as we said before, they impiously call the fruit of Deficiency."
Notes and citation
Summary: Irenaeus turns to their proofs of an unknown Father.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.19.1.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.19.1 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.18.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:32; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-18-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.18.2Holl GCS 25/31:32
τὸν γοῦν προφήτην Ἠσαΐαν εἰπόντα »Ἰσραὴλ δέ με οὐκ ἔγνω καὶ ὁ λαός με οὐ συνῆκεν«, τὴν τοῦ ἀοράτου Βυθοῦ ἀγνωσίαν εἰρηκέναι μεθαρμόζουσι.
ton goun prophētēn Ēsaïan eiponta »Israēl de me ouk egnō kai ho laos me ou synēken«, tēn tou aoratou Bythou agnōsian eirēkenai metharmozousi.
"For instance, when the prophet Isaiah says, 'But Israel did not know me, and the people did not understand me,' they adapt it to mean the unknowability of the invisible Depth."
Isa 1:3 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Isaiah 1:3 is applied to the unknown Depth.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.19.1, quoting Isa 1:3.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.19.1 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy, Scripture and canon
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.18.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:32; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-18-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.18.3Holl GCS 25/31:32
καὶ διὰ Ὠσηὲ τὸ εἰρημένον »οὐκ ἔστιν ἐν αὐτοῖς ἀλήθεια οὐδὲ ἐπίγνωσις θεοῦ« εἰς τὸ αὐτὸ συντείνειν βιάζονται, καὶ τό »οὐκ ἔστιν ὀ συνιῶν ἢ ἐκζητῶν τὸν θεόν· πάντες ἐξέκλιναν, ἅμα ἠχρειώθησαν« ἐπὶ τῆς τοῦ Βυθοῦ ἀγνωσίας τάττουσι.
kai dia Ōsēe to eirēmenon »ouk estin en autois alētheia oude epignōsis theou« eis to auto synteinein biazontai, kai to »ouk estin o syniōn ē ekzētōn ton theon; pantes exeklinan, hama ēchreiōthēsan« epi tēs tou Bythou agnōsias tattousi.
"And they force the saying in Hosea, 'There is no truth in them, nor knowledge of God,' to point to the same thing; and they set 'There is none who understands or seeks God; all have turned aside, together they have become worthless' down to the ignorance of the Depth."
Hos 4:1 (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 14:2 (13:2 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Rom 3:11 (quotation, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Hosea and the Psalm are applied to ignorance of Depth.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.19.1, quoting Hos 4:1 and Ps 14:2–3 (LXX 13:2–3; cf. Rom 3:11–12).
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.19.1 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy, Scripture and canon
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.18.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:32; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-18-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.18.4Holl GCS 25/31:32–33
καὶ τὸ διὰ Μωυσέως δὲ εἰρημένον »οὐδεὶς ὄψεται τὸν θεὸν καὶ ζήσεται« εἰς ἐκεῖνον ἔχειν πείθουσι τὴν ἀναφοράν. τὸν μὲν γὰρ ποιητὴν ἐπιψευδόμενοι ὑπὸ τῶν προφητῶν ἑωρᾶσθαι λέγουσι, τὸ δὲ <γεγραμμένον> »οὐδεὶς ὄψεται τὸν θεὸν καὶ ζήσεται« περὶ τοῦ ἀοράτου μεγέθους καὶ ἀγνώστου τοῖς πᾶσιν εἰρῆσθαι θέλουσι.
kai to dia Mōyseōs de eirēmenon »oudeis opsetai ton theon kai zēsetai« eis ekeinon echein peithousi tēn anaphoran. ton men gar poiētēn epipseudomenoi hypo tōn prophētōn heōrasthai legousi, to de <gegrammenon> »oudeis opsetai ton theon kai zēsetai« peri tou aoratou megethous kai agnōstou tois pasin eirēsthai thelousi.
"And they persuade people that the saying through Moses, 'No one shall see God and live,' refers to him. For they falsely say that the Maker was seen by the prophets, and they want the written words 'No one shall see God and live' to have been said about the invisible Greatness, unknown to all."
Exod 33:20 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Exodus 33:20 is applied to their unseen Greatness.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.19.1, quoting Exod 33:20.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR slip.): ηοιητὴν → ποιητὴν.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.19.1 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy, Scripture and canon
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.18.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:32–33; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-18-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.18.5Holl GCS 25/31:33
καὶ ὅτι μὲν περὶ τοῦ ἀοράτου πατρὸς καὶ ποιητοῦ τῶν ὅλων εἴρηται τό »οὐδεὶς ὄψεται τὸν θεόν« πᾶσιν ἡμῖν φανερόν ἐστιν· ὅτι δὲ οὐ περὶ τοῦ ὑπὸ τούτων παρεπινοουμένου Βυθοῦ, ἀλλὰ περὶ τοῦ Δημιουργοῦ καὶ αὐτός ἐστιν ὁ ἀόρατος θεός, δειχθήσεται τοῦ λόγου προϊόντος.
kai hoti men peri tou aoratou patros kai poiētou tōn holōn eirētai to »oudeis opsetai ton theon« pasin hēmin phaneron estin; hoti de ou peri tou hypo toutōn parepinooumenou Bythou, alla peri tou Dēmiourgou kai autos estin ho aoratos theos, deichthēsetai tou logou proïontos.
"That 'No one shall see God' was said of the invisible Father and Maker of all is plain to us all; but that it was said not of the Depth they have invented, but of the Demiurge, and that he himself is the invisible God, will be shown as the discussion proceeds."
Exod 33:20 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Irenaeus replies that the verse refers to the Creator himself.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.19.1: Irenaeus's own comment.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.19.1 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.18.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:33; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-18-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.18.6Holl GCS 25/31:33
καὶ τὸν Δανιὴλ δὲ τὸ αὐτὸν τοῦτο σημαίνειν ἐν τῷ ἐπερωτᾶν τὸν ἄγγελον τὰς ἐπιλύσεις τῶν παραβολῶν, ὡς μὴ εἰδότα· ἀλλὰ καὶ τὸν ἄγγελον ἀποκρυπτόμενον ἀπʼ αὐτοῦ τὸ μέγα μυστήριον τοῦ Βυθοῦ εἰπεῖν αὐτῷ »ἀπότρεχε Δανιήλ· οὗτοι γὰρ οἱ λόγοι ἐμπεφραγμένοι εἰσίν, ἕως οἱ συνιέντες συνιῶσι καὶ οἱ λευκοὶ λευκανθῶσι«· καὶ αὐτοὺς εἶναι τοὺς λευκοὺς καὶ [εὖ] συνιέντας αὐχοῦσιν.
kai ton Daniēl de to auton touto sēmainein en tǭ eperōtan ton angelon tas epilyseis tōn parabolōn, hōs mē eidota; alla kai ton angelon apokryptomenon apʼ autou to mega mystērion tou Bythou eipein autǭ »apotreche Daniēl; houtoi gar hoi logoi empephragmenoi eisin, heōs hoi synientes syniōsi kai hoi leukoi leukanthōsi«; kai autous einai tous leukous kai [eu] synientas auchousin.
"And they say that Daniel signifies this very thing when he asks the angel for the interpretations of the parables, as one who did not know; and that the angel, hiding from him the great mystery of Depth, said to him, 'Go away, Daniel, for these words are sealed until those who understand understand and the white are made white.' And they boast that they themselves are the white and those who understand."
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Dan 12:9 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: They apply Daniel's sealed words to themselves as the enlightened.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.19.2, quoting a form of Dan 12:9–10. The editor deletes εὖ ('well') before 'understand'.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR slip.): ἀέ αὐτοῦ → ἀπʼ αὐτοῦ.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.19.2 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy, Scripture and canon
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.18.6 (Holl GCS 25/31:33; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-18-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.18.7Holl GCS 25/31:33
Πρὸς δὲ τούτοις ἀμύθητον πλῆθος ἀποκρύφων καὶ νόθων γραφῶν, ἃς αὐτοὶ ἔπλασαν, παραφέρουσιν εἰς κατάπληξιν τῶν ἀνοήτων καὶ τὰ τῆς ἀληθείας μὴ ἐπισταμένων γράμματα.
Pros de toutois amythēton plēthos apokryphōn kai nothōn graphōn, has autoi eplasan, parapherousin eis kataplēxin tōn anoētōn kai ta tēs alētheias mē epistamenōn grammata.
"Besides these, they bring forward an untold multitude of apocryphal and spurious writings, which they themselves have fabricated, to astound the foolish and those who do not know the writings of the truth."
Notes and citation
Summary: They also use forged apocryphal writings.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.20.1.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR slip.): πηῆθος → πλῆθος; αὐτοὶς → αὐτοὶ.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.20.1 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy, Scripture and canon
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.18.7 (Holl GCS 25/31:33; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-18-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.18.8Holl GCS 25/31:33
προσπαραλαμβάνουσι δὲ εἰς τοῦτο κἀκεῖνο τὸ ῥᾳδιούργημα, ὡς τοῦ κυρίου παιδὸς ὄντος καὶ μανθάνοντος τὰ γράμματα, τοῦ διδασκάλου αὐτῷ φήσαντος, καθὼς ἔθος ἐστίν· εἰπὲ ἄλφα, ἀποκρίνασθαι τὸ ἄλφα.
prosparalambanousi de eis touto kakeino to rhądiourgēma, hōs tou kyriou paidos ontos kai manthanontos ta grammata, tou didaskalou autǭ phēsantos, kathōs ethos estin; eipe alpha, apokrinasthai to alpha.
"For this purpose they also adopt that fabrication, that when the Lord was a child learning his letters, and his teacher said to him, as is customary, 'Say alpha,' he answered 'alpha'."
Notes and citation
Summary: They tell the story of the child Jesus and his teacher.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.20.1. The story appears also in the Infancy Gospel of Thomas 6–7, 14.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.20.1 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy, Christology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.18.8 (Holl GCS 25/31:33; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-18-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.18.9Holl GCS 25/31:33
πάλιν τε τὸ βῆτα τοῦ διδασκάλου κελεύοντος εἰπεῖν, ἀποκρίνασθαι τὸν κύριον· σύ μοι πρότερον εἰπὲ τί ἐστι τὸ ἄλφα, καὶ τότε σοι ἐρῶ τί ἐστι τὸ βῆτα. καὶ τοῦτο ἐξηγοῦνται, ὡς αὐτοῦ μόνου τὸ ἄγνωστον ἐπισταμένου, ὃ ἐφανέρωσεν ἐν τῷ τύπῳ τοῦ αλφα.
palin te to bēta tou didaskalou keleuontos eipein, apokrinasthai ton kyrion; sy moi proteron eipe ti esti to alpha, kai tote soi erō ti esti to bēta. kai touto exēgountai, hōs autou monou to agnōston epistamenou, ho ephanerōsen en tǭ typǭ tou alpha.
"And again, when the teacher told him to say beta, the Lord answered, 'You first tell me what alpha is, and then I will tell you what beta is.' And they explain this as meaning that he alone knew the Unknown, which he revealed in the type of alpha."
Notes and citation
Summary: The child Jesus's reply is made to reveal the Unknown.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.20.1.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR slip.): ἐπὲ → εἰπὲ.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.20.1 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.18.9 (Holl GCS 25/31:33; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-18-9). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.18.10Holl GCS 25/31:33
Ἔνια τε καὶ τῶν ἐν τῷ εὐαγγελίῳ κειμένων εἰς τοῦτον τὸν χαρακτῆρα μεθαρμόζουσιν, ὡς τὴν πρὸς τὴν μητέρα αὐτοῦ δωδεκαετοῦς ὄντος ἀπόκρισιν »οὐκ οἴδατε ὅτι ἐν τοῖς τοῦ πατρός μου δεῖ με εἶναι;« ὃν οὐκ ᾔδεισαν, φασί, πατέρα κατήγγελλεν αὐτοῖς· καὶ διὰ τοῦτο ἐκπέμψαι τοὺς μαθητὰς εἰς τὰς δώδεκα φυλάς, κηρύσσοντας τὸν ἄγνωστον αὐτοῖς θεόν.
Enia te kai tōn en tǭ euangeliǭ keimenōn eis touton ton charaktēra metharmozousin, hōs tēn pros tēn mētera autou dōdekaetous ontos apokrisin »ouk oidate hoti en tois tou patros mou dei me einai?« hon ouk ę̄deisan, phasi, patera katēngellen autois; kai dia touto ekpempsai tous mathētas eis tas dōdeka phylas, kēryssontas ton agnōston autois theon.
"They also adapt some things in the Gospel to this pattern, such as the answer he gave his mother when he was twelve years old: 'Do you not know that I must be in my Father's house?' He was proclaiming to them, they say, a Father whom they did not know. And for this reason he sent out the disciples to the twelve tribes, preaching to them the unknown God."
Luke 2:49 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Luke 2:49 is made to proclaim an unknown Father.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.20.2, quoting Luke 2:49.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR capitalization slip.): Ἔνια Τε → Ἔνια τε.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.20.2 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy, Scripture and canon
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.18.10 (Holl GCS 25/31:33; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-18-10). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.18.11Holl GCS 25/31:33
καὶ τῷ εἰπόντι αὐτῷ »διδάσκαλε ἀγαθέ« τὸν ἀληθῶς ἀγαθὸν θεὸν ὡμολογηκέναι εἰπόντα »τί με λέγεις ἀγαθόν; εἷς ἐστιν ἀγαθός. ὁ πατὴρ ἐν τοῖς οὐρανοῖς«· οὐρανοὺς δὲ νῦν τοὺς Αἰῶνας εἰρῆσθαι λέγουσι.
kai tǭ eiponti autǭ »didaskale agathe« ton alēthōs agathon theon hōmologēkenai eiponta »ti me legeis agathon? heis estin agathos. ho patēr en tois ouranois«; ouranous de nyn tous Aiōnas eirēsthai legousi.
"And to the man who said to him, 'Good teacher,' he confessed the truly good God, saying, 'Why do you call me good? One is good, the Father in the heavens'; and they say that 'heavens' here means the Aeons."
Matt 19:17 (quotation, high confidence) · Mark 10:18 (quotation, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The answer to the rich man is applied to their good God.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.20.2, quoting a form of Matt 19:16–17 / Mark 10:17–18 with 'the Father in the heavens'.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.20.2 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy, Scripture and canon
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.18.11 (Holl GCS 25/31:33; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-18-11). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.18.12Holl GCS 25/31:33–34
καὶ διὰ τοῦ μὴ ἀποκριθῆναι τοῖς εἰποῦσιν αὐτῷ »ἐν ποίᾳ δυνάμει τοῦτο ποιεῖς«, ἀλλὰ τῇ ἀντεπερωτήσει ἀπορῆσαι αὐτοὺς τὸ ἄρρητον τοῦ Πατρὸς ἐν τῷ <μὴ> εἰπεῖν δεδειχέναι αὐτὸν ἐξηγοῦνται.
kai dia tou mē apokrithēnai tois eipousin autǭ »en poią dynamei touto poieis«, alla tę̄ anteperōtēsei aporēsai autous to arrēton tou Patros en tǭ <mē> eipein dedeichenai auton exēgountai.
"And by his not answering those who said to him, 'By what power do you do this?', but perplexing them with a counter-question, they explain that he showed the ineffability of the Father by not saying it."
Matt 21:23 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Jesus's refusal to answer is taken to show the ineffable Father.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.20.2, on Matt 21:23–27.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.20.2 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy, Scripture and canon
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.18.12 (Holl GCS 25/31:33–34; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-18-12). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.18.13Holl GCS 25/31:34
ἀλλὰ καὶ ἐν τῷ εἰρηκέναι »πολλάκις ἐπεθύμησα ἀκοῦσαι ἕνα τῶν λόγων τούτων, καὶ οὐκ ἔσχον τὸν ἐροῦντα« ἐμφαίνοντός φασιν εἶναι διὰ τοῦ »ἕνα« τὸν ἀληθῶς ἕνα θεόν, ὃν οὐκ ἐγνώκεισαν.
alla kai en tǭ eirēkenai »pollakis epethymēsa akousai hena tōn logōn toutōn, kai ouk eschon ton erounta« emphainontos phasin einai dia tou »hena« ton alēthōs hena theon, hon ouk egnōkeisan.
"And in his saying, 'Often I have desired to hear one of these words, and I had no one to tell me,' they say he indicates by 'one' the truly one God, whom they had not known."
Matt 13:17 (echo, low confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: An unwritten saying is applied to the one unknown God.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.20.2. The saying is not in the canonical Gospels (cf. Matt 13:17; Luke 10:24). 'Often' is doubled in the digital text.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (Repeated syllables in the OCR.): πολλάκις λάκις → πολλάκις.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.20.2 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.18.13 (Holl GCS 25/31:34; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-18-13). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.18.14Holl GCS 25/31:34
ἔτι ἐν τῷ προσσχόντα αὐτὸν τῇ Ἱερουσαλὴμ δακρῦσαι ἐπʼ αὐτὴν καὶ εἰπεῖν »εἰ ἔγνως καὶ σὺ σήμερον τὰ πρὸς εἰρήνην; ἐκρύβη δὲ <ἀπὸ> σοῦ«, διὰ τοῦ »ἐκρύβη« ῥήματος τὸ ἀπόκρυφον τοῦ Βυθοῦ δεδηλωκέναι.
eti en tǭ prosschonta auton tę̄ Hierousalēm dakrysai epʼ autēn kai eipein »ei egnōs kai sy sēmeron ta pros eirēnēn? ekrybē de <apo> sou«, dia tou »ekrybē« rhēmatos to apokryphon tou Bythou dedēlōkenai.
"Further, when he drew near to Jerusalem, wept over it, and said, 'If you too had known today the things that make for peace! But they are hidden from you,' he indicated by the word 'hidden' the hiddenness of Depth."
Luke 19:42 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Luke 19:42 is applied to the hidden Depth.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.20.2, quoting Luke 19:41–42.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.20.2 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy, Scripture and canon
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.18.14 (Holl GCS 25/31:34; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-18-14). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.18.15Holl GCS 25/31:34
καὶ πάλιν εἰπόντα »δεῦτε πρός με πάντες οἱ κοπιῶντες καὶ πεφορτισμένοι, καὶ μάθετε ἀπʼ ἐμοῦ«, τὸν τῆς ἀληθείας πατέρα κατηγγελκέναι. ὅ γὰρ οὐκ ᾔδεισαν, φασί, τοῦτο αὐτοῖς ὑπέσχετο διδάξειν.
kai palin eiponta »deute pros me pantes hoi kopiōntes kai pephortismenoi, kai mathete apʼ emou«, ton tēs alētheias patera katēngelkenai. ho gar ouk ę̄deisan, phasi, touto autois hypescheto didaxein.
"And again, when he said, 'Come to me, all who labor and are burdened, and learn from me,' he proclaimed the Father of truth. For what they did not know, they say, this he promised to teach them."
Matt 11:28 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Matthew 11:28–29 is made a promise to teach the unknown Father.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.20.2, quoting Matt 11:28–29.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.20.2 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy, Scripture and canon
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.18.15 (Holl GCS 25/31:34; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-18-15). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.18.16Holl GCS 25/31:34
<Ἀπόδειξιν> δὲ τῶν ἀνωτάτω καὶ οἱονεὶ κορωνίδα τῆς ὑποθέσεως αὐτῶν φέρουσι ταῦτα »ἐξομολογοῦμαί σοι, πάτερ, κύριε τῶν οὐρανῶν καὶ τῆς γῆς, ὅτι ἀπέκρυψας αὐτὰ ἀπὸ σοφῶν καὶ συνετῶν καὶ ἀπεκάλυψας αὐτὰ νηπίοις. οὐά, ὁ πατήρ μου, ὅτι ἔμπροσθέν σου εὐδοκία [μοι] ἐγένετο. πάντα μοι παρεδόθη ὑπὸ τοῦ πατρός μου, καὶ οὐδεὶς ἔγνω τὸν πατέρα, εἰ μὴ ὁ υἱός, καὶ τὸν υἱόν, εἰ μή ὁ πατὴρ καὶ ᾧ ἂν ὁ υἱὸς ἀποκαλύψῃ«.
<Apodeixin> de tōn anōtatō kai hoionei korōnida tēs hypotheseōs autōn pherousi tauta »exomologoumai soi, pater, kyrie tōn ouranōn kai tēs gēs, hoti apekrypsas auta apo sophōn kai synetōn kai apekalypsas auta nēpiois. oua, ho patēr mou, hoti emprosthen sou eudokia [moi] egeneto. panta moi paredothē hypo tou patros mou, kai oudeis egnō ton patera, ei mē ho huios, kai ton huion, ei mē ho patēr kai hǭ an ho huios apokalypsę̄«.
"As proof of the highest things, and as the crowning point, so to speak, of their system, they bring forward these words: 'I confess to you, Father, Lord of the heavens and the earth, that you hid these things from the wise and understanding and revealed them to infants. Ah, my Father, for it was well-pleasing before you. All things have been handed over to me by my Father, and no one knew the Father except the Son, and the Son except the Father and anyone to whom the Son reveals him.'"
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Matt 11:25 (quotation, high confidence) · Matt 11:27 (quotation, high confidence) · Luke 10:21 (quotation, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Matthew 11:25–27 is their chief proof-text.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.20.3, quoting Matt 11:25–27 / Luke 10:21–22 in a form with 'knew' (past tense) and 'Ah' (οὐά) for 'yes'. The editor deletes μοι ('to me').
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR slip.): οὐτῶν → αὐτῶν.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.20.3 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy, Scripture and canon
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.18.16 (Holl GCS 25/31:34; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-18-16). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.18.17Holl GCS 25/31:34
ἐν τούτοις <γάρ> διαρρήδην φασὶ δεδειχέναι αὐτόν, ὡς τὸν ὑπʼ αὐτῶν παρεξευρημένον πατέρα ἀληθείας πρὸ τῆς παρουσίας αὐτοῦ μηδὲ ἑνὸς πώποτε ἐγνωκότος, καὶ κατασκευάζειν θέλουσιν, ὡς τοῦ ποιητοῦ καὶ κτιστοῦ ἀεὶ ὑπὸ πάντων ἐγνωσμένου, καὶ ταῦτα τὸν κύριον εἰρηκέναι περὶ τοῦ ἀγνώστου τοῖς πᾶσι πατρός, ὃν αὐτοὶ καταγγέλλουσι.
en toutois <gar> diarrēdēn phasi dedeichenai auton, hōs ton hypʼ autōn parexeurēmenon patera alētheias pro tēs parousias autou mēde henos pōpote egnōkotos, kai kataskeuazein thelousin, hōs tou poiētou kai ktistou aei hypo pantōn egnōsmenou, kai tauta ton kyrion eirēkenai peri tou agnōstou tois pasi patros, hon autoi katangellousi.
"In these words, they say, he showed expressly that no one ever knew the Father of truth whom they have invented before his coming; and they want to establish that, since the Maker and Creator has always been known by all, the Lord said these things about the Father unknown to all, whom they themselves proclaim."
Notes and citation
Summary: They argue the verse shows the Father was unknown before Christ.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.20.3.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.20.3 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; quotation)
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 34.18.17 (Holl GCS 25/31:34; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/34-9-1/#p-34-18-17). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.