Panarion (Medicine Chest Against Heresies), Haer. 1-64 58.4.1–59.11.6
Greek text: Holl, GCS 25/31 (Greek text: Karl Holl, ed., Epiphanius, Bände 1-2 (GCS 25, 1915, and GCS 31, 1922, Leipzig: Hinrichs), digitized by the First Thousand Years of Greek project (Open Greek and Latin), CC BY-SA 4.0. The digitized file's own metadata describes it as spanning Holl's volumes 1-3 (1915-1933), but its text in fact ends at Haer. 64 (confirmed: the last division is Haer. 64, on Origen, matching the end of GCS 31); Holl's third volume (GCS 37, 1933) is not present in this digital text.).English: Claude (claude-opus-5-5), public domain (CC0).
Haer. 58, chapter 4
58.4.1Holl GCS 25/31:360
4. »Καὶ εἰσὶν εὐνοῦχοι οἵτινες ὑπὸ τῶν ἀνθρώπων εὐνουχίσθησαν«, φηςὶν ὁ σωτήρ, καὶ οὔτε ἀπὸ τούτων εἰσὶν οἱ προειρημένοι. οὗτοι μὲν γὰρ γίγνονται (οἱ ὑπὶ ἀνθρώπων εὐνουχισθέντες) ἕνεκεν χρήσεως ἢ βασιλικῆς ἢ ἀρχοντικῆς.
4. »Kai eisin eunouchoi hoitines hypo tōn anthrōpōn eunouchisthēsan«, phēsin ho sōtēr, kai oute apo toutōn eisin hoi proeirēmenoi. houtoi men gar gignontai (hoi hypi anthrōpōn eunouchisthentes) heneken chrēseōs ē basilikēs ē archontikēs.
“And there are eunuchs who were made eunuchs by men,” says the Savior; and the people mentioned are not of these either. These (those made eunuchs by men) come to be for the service of a king or a ruler.
Matt 19:12 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The second kind are made eunuchs for royal service.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 58.4.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:360; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-58-4-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
58.4.2Holl GCS 25/31:360–361
βουλόμενοι γάρ τινες τῶν βαρβάρων βασιλεῖς ἢ καὶ τύραννοι, ζηλοτυπίας χάριν καὶ ὑπονοίας τῆς πρὸς τὰς γαμετὰς τὰς ἰδίας, ἔτι κομιδῆ νέους τοὺς παῖδας λαμβάνουσι καὶ εὐνουχίζουσι τούτους πρὸς τὸ ἁδρυνθέντας ἐμπιστεύεσθαι τὰς ἰδίας αὐτῶν ὡς ἔφην γαμετάς.
boulomenoi gar tines tōn barbarōn basileis ē kai tyrannoi, zēlotypias charin kai hyponoias tēs pros tas gametas tas idias, eti komidē neous tous paidas lambanousi kai eunouchizousi toutous pros to hadrynthentas empisteuesthai tas idias autōn hōs ephēn gametas.
For some barbarian kings, or tyrants, out of jealousy and suspicion toward their own wives, take boys while still very young and make them eunuchs, so that when grown up they may be entrusted, as I said, with their own wives.
Notes and citation
Summary: Kings castrate boys to guard their wives.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 58.4.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:360–361; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-58-4-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
58.4.3Holl GCS 25/31:361
καὶ οὕτως ἐν τῷ κόσμῳ γέγονεν ἡ περὶ τούτων αἰτία. ὅθεν τάχα οἶμαι <γέγονεν> καὶ τὸ εὐνοῦχον καλεῖσθαι, ἀπὸ τοῦ εὐνοεῖν δύνασθαι ἀφαιρουμένων τῶν μελῶν καὶ τοῦ μὴ ἐπεντρίβεσθαι μίξει τῶν σωμάτων ὡς τῶν ὀργάνων ἀφῃρημένους.
kai houtōs en tǭ kosmǭ gegonen hē peri toutōn aitia. hothen tacha oimai <gegonen> kai to eunouchon kaleisthai, apo tou eunoein dynasthai aphairoumenōn tōn melōn kai tou mē epentribesthai mixei tōn sōmatōn hōs tōn organōn aphę̄rēmenous.
And so the reason for these arose in the world. From this, I think, the word “eunuch” perhaps arose, from their being able to be well-minded (eunoein) once their members are removed, and from not being worn down by bodily intercourse, since they have been deprived of the organs.
Notes and citation
Summary: A proposed etymology of “eunuch.”
- The etymology from εὐνοεῖν is Epiphanius’s own.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 58.4.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:361; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-58-4-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
58.4.4Holl GCS 25/31:361
ἑτέρα τοίνυν αὕτη ἡ τάξις ἐκ παιδὸς λαμβανομένη καὶ εὐνουχιζομένη ὑπὸ τῶν ἀνθρώπων, οὐχὶ διὰ τὴν βασιλείαν τῶν οὐρανῶν.
hetera toinyn hautē hē taxis ek paidos lambanomenē kai eunouchizomenē hypo tōn anthrōpōn, ouchi dia tēn basileian tōn ouranōn.
This order, then, is a different one, taken from childhood and made eunuchs by men, not for the kingdom of heaven.
Notes and citation
Summary: These are not eunuchs for the kingdom.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 58.4.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:361; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-58-4-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
58.4.5Holl GCS 25/31:361
»Καὶ εἰσίν, φηςίν, εὐνοῦχοι οἵτινες εὐνούχισαν ἑαυτοὺς διὰ τὴν βασιλείαν τῶν οὐρανῶν«. τίνες τοίνυν εἶεν οὗτοι ἀλλʼ ἢ οἱ γενναῖοι ἀπόστολοι καὶ οἱ καθεξῆς παρθένοι καὶ μονάζοντες;
»Kai eisin, phēsin, eunouchoi hoitines eunouchisan heautous dia tēn basileian tōn ouranōn«. tines toinyn eien houtoi allʼ ē hoi gennaioi apostoloi kai hoi kathexēs parthenoi kai monazontes?
“And there are,” he says, “eunuchs who made themselves eunuchs for the sake of the kingdom of heaven.” Who then would these be, but the noble apostles, and after them virgins and monks?
Matt 19:12 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Eunuchs for the kingdom are the apostles, virgins, and monks.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 58.4.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:361; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-58-4-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
58.4.6Holl GCS 25/31:361
Ἰωάννης μὲν καὶ Ἰάκωβος, υἱοὶ Ζεβεδαίου, μείναντες ἐν τῇ παρθενίᾳ, μήτε μῆν ἰδίαις χερσὶ τὰ μέλη ἀποτεμόντες μήτε συναφθέντες γάμῳ, ἀλλὰ τῇ ἰδίιᾶ καρδίᾳ ἀγωνιςάμενοι καὶ θαυμασίως τὸ κλέος τοῦ στεφάνου τούτου τοῦ ἀγῶνος ἀπενεγκάμενοι.
Iōannēs men kai Iakōbos, huioi Zebedaiou, meinantes en tę̄ parthenią, mēte mēn idiais chersi ta melē apotemontes mēte synaphthentes gamǭ, alla tę̄ idiia kardią agōnisamenoi kai thaumasiōs to kleos tou stephanou toutou tou agōnos apenenkamenoi.
John and James, sons of Zebedee, remained in virginity, neither cutting off their members with their own hands nor being joined in marriage, but contending in their own heart and wonderfully winning the glory of the crown of this contest.
Notes and citation
Summary: John and James kept virginity by inner struggle.
- That James and John remained unmarried is a tradition Epiphanius states.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 58.4.6 (Holl GCS 25/31:361; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-58-4-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
58.4.7Holl GCS 25/31:361
μετʼ αὐτοὺς δὲ ὅσοι ἐν μυριάδων ἀριθμῷ ἐν τῷ κόσμῳ μονάζοντες καὶ ἀπὸ μοναστηρίων καὶ παρθενώνων τουτὶ τοῦ ἀγῶνος τὸ κλέος ἀπηνέγκαντο, οἵτινες σώμασι γυναικῶν οὐκ ἐμίγησαν, ἀλλὰ ἤθλησαν ἐν ἀγῶνι τελειοτάτῳ·
metʼ autous de hosoi en myriadōn arithmǭ en tǭ kosmǭ monazontes kai apo monastēriōn kai parthenōnōn touti tou agōnos to kleos apēnenkanto, hoitines sōmasi gynaikōn ouk emigēsan, alla ēthlēsan en agōni teleiotatǭ;
After them, the countless numbers of monks in the world, from monasteries and houses of virgins, have won the glory of this contest, who have not had intercourse with the bodies of women, but have contended in the most perfect contest;
Notes and citation
Summary: Countless monks have kept continence.
Topics: Ethics
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 58.4.7 (Holl GCS 25/31:361; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-58-4-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
58.4.8Holl GCS 25/31:361–362
ὡς καὶ Ἠλίας ἐν παλαιᾷ διαθήκῃ εὑρίσκεται καὶ Παῦλος λέγων »λέγω δὲ τοῖς ἀγάμοις ὅτι καλὸν αὐτοῖς, ἐὰν μείνωσιν οὕτως καθὼς κἀγώ· εἰ δὲ οὐκ ἐγκρατεύονται, γαμηςάτωσαν«. πῶς οὖν αὐτὸς ἔμεινεν;
hōs kai Ēlias en palaią diathēkę̄ heurisketai kai Paulos legōn »legō de tois agamois hoti kalon autois, ean meinōsin houtōs kathōs kagō; ei de ouk enkrateuontai, gamēsatōsan«. pōs oun autos emeinen?
as Elijah is found in the Old Testament, and Paul, who says, “I say to the unmarried that it is good for them if they remain as I am; but if they do not have self-control, let them marry.” How then did he remain?
1 Cor 7:8 (quotation, high confidence) · 1 Cor 7:9 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Paul commends remaining as he was.
Topics: Marriage
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 58.4.8 (Holl GCS 25/31:361–362; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-58-4-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
58.4.9Holl GCS 25/31:362
εἰ μὲν γὰρ ἀποτετμημένος ἦμ καὶ κατʼ αὐτὸν ἔμειναν ὁμοιούμενοι αὐτῷ, ἵνα πληρώσωσι τό »ὡς κἀγώ«. πῶς ἀποτεμνόμενός τις ἠδύνατιο γῆμαι, εἰ μηκέτι ἐνεκρατεύετο, κατὰ τό »γαμηςάτωσαν καὶ μὴ πυρούσθωσαν«; ὁρᾷς ὅτι περὶ ἐγκρατείας φάσκει καὶ οὐχὶ περὶ μελῶν ἀφαιρέσεως.
ei men gar apotetmēmenos ēm kai katʼ auton emeinan homoioumenoi autǭ, hina plērōsōsi to »hōs kagō«. pōs apotemnomenos tis ēdynatio gēmai, ei mēketi enekrateueto, kata to »gamēsatōsan kai mē pyrousthōsan«? horąs hoti peri enkrateias phaskei kai ouchi peri melōn aphaireseōs.
For if he had been castrated, they would have remained like him by imitating that, to fulfill “as I am.” But how could someone who had castrated himself marry if he no longer had self-control, according to “let them marry rather than burn”? You see that he speaks of self-control and not of removing members.
1 Cor 7:9 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Paul’s counsel concerns self-control, not castration.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 58.4.9 (Holl GCS 25/31:362; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-58-4-9). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
58.4.10Holl GCS 25/31:362
εἰ δὲ φάσκουσιν οὗτι διὰ τὴν βασιλείαν τῶν οὐρανῶν ἑαυτοὺς εὐνουχικέναι. πῶς ἑαυτοὺς ἀπαλλοτριώσουσι τοῦ ῥήματος τοῦ εἰρημένου ὅτι »εἰσί τινες οἵτινες εὐνουχίσθησαν ὑπὸ τῶν ἀνθρώπων«;
ei de phaskousin houti dia tēn basileian tōn ouranōn heautous eunouchikenai. pōs heautous apallotriōsousi tou rhēmatos tou eirēmenou hoti »eisi tines hoitines eunouchisthēsan hypo tōn anthrōpōn«?
And if these people say they have made themselves eunuchs for the kingdom of heaven, how will they separate themselves from the saying, “There are some who were made eunuchs by men”?
Matt 19:12 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Self-castration makes them eunuchs “by men.”
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 58.4.10 (Holl GCS 25/31:362; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-58-4-10). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
58.4.11Holl GCS 25/31:362
εἰ γὰρ αὐτὸς ἰδίαις χερσὶν ἑαυτὸν εὐνουχίζει, ἄνθρωπός ἐστι καῖ αἱ χεῖρες αὐτοῦ τὸ ἀθέμιτον τοῦτο εἰργάσαντο· εἰ δὲ καὶ αὐτὸς ἑαυτῷ οὐ δεδύνηται πρᾶξαι. ὑπὸ ἄλλων δὲ εὐνουχίσθη, οὐκέτι ἔσται διὰ βασιλείαν οὐρανῶν, διὰ τὸ ὑπὸ ἀνθρώπων εὐνουχίσθαι, ἤτοι διʼ αὐτοῦ ἤτοι διὰ τῶν τοῦτο πεποιηκότων.
ei gar autos idiais chersin heauton eunouchizei, anthrōpos esti kai hai cheires autou to athemiton touto eirgasanto; ei de kai autos heautǭ ou dedynētai praxai. hypo allōn de eunouchisthē, ouketi estai dia basileian ouranōn, dia to hypo anthrōpōn eunouchisthai, ētoi diʼ autou ētoi dia tōn touto pepoiēkotōn.
For if a man castrates himself with his own hands, he is a man, and his hands have done this unlawful thing. And if he was unable to do it to himself but was castrated by others, it will no longer be for the kingdom of heaven, because he was castrated by men, either by himself or by those who did it.
Notes and citation
Summary: Either way, castration is done by men, not for the kingdom.
Topics: Ethics
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 58.4.11 (Holl GCS 25/31:362; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-58-4-11). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
58.4.12Holl GCS 25/31:362
πεσεῖται δὲ καὶ ἀπὸ τοῦ στεφάνου καὶ ἀπὸ τοῦ βρδαβείου, οὐκέτι χάριν ἔχων διὰ τὴν ἀποχὴν τῆς τοιαὐτης χρήσεως, [ἀλλὰ] διὰ τὸ μὴ δύνασθαι χρῆσθαι ἀφῃρημένων τῶν τῆς τοιαύτης ὑποθέσεως μελῶν.
peseitai de kai apo tou stephanou kai apo tou brdabeiou, ouketi charin echōn dia tēn apochēn tēs toiautēs chrēseōs, [alla] dia to mē dynasthai chrēsthai aphę̄rēmenōn tōn tēs toiautēs hypotheseōs melōn.
He will also fall from the crown and the prize, no longer having credit for abstaining from such use, since he cannot use it because the members for that purpose have been removed.
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Notes and citation
Summary: The castrated lose the reward of continence.
- The editor deletes ἀλλά.
Topics: Ethics
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 58.4.12 (Holl GCS 25/31:362; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-58-4-12). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
58.4.13Holl GCS 25/31:362
ἓν δὲ καὶ τὸ αὐτὸ κριθήσεται, ὡς ὁ λυμαινόμενος ἑαυτοῦ τὸ μέλος καὶ ὡς ὁ τέμνων ἀλλότριον ἀμπελῶνα. οὐ γὰρ κατὰ θεὸν ἐπολιτεύσατο, ἀλλὰ κατὰ ἐπιβουλὴν τῷ δημιουργῷ κυρίῳ θεῷ ἀντέστη ὁ τοιοῦτος.
hen de kai to auto krithēsetai, hōs ho lymainomenos heautou to melos kai hōs ho temnōn allotrion ampelōna. ou gar kata theon epoliteusato, alla kata epiboulēn tǭ dēmiourgǭ kyriǭ theǭ antestē ho toioutos.
He who mutilates his own member will be judged one and the same as he who cuts down another man’s vineyard. For such a one has not lived according to God, but has deliberately opposed the Creator, the Lord God.
Notes and citation
Summary: Self-mutilation is an offense against the Creator.
Topics: Ethics
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 58.4.13 (Holl GCS 25/31:362; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-58-4-13). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
58.4.14Holl GCS 25/31:362–363
ἐπιθυμίᾳ δὲ περισσοτέρᾳ ὁ τοιοῦτος ἐνεχθήσεται. καὶ γὰρ ὁ εὐνοῦχος ᾄδεται παρὰ τῷ σοφῷ οὐκ ἀπεχόμενος τῆς ἐπιθυμίας. ἀλλὰ * μὴ δυνάμενος τὴν ἐπιθυμίαν ἐπιτελέσαι, ὡς λέγει »ἐπιθυμία εὐνούχου ἀποπαρθενεῦσαι ωεάνιδα«.
epithymią de perissoterą ho toioutos enechthēsetai. kai gar ho eunouchos ądetai para tǭ sophǭ ouk apechomenos tēs epithymias. alla * mē dynamenos tēn epithymian epitelesai, hōs legei »epithymia eunouchou apopartheneusai ōeanida«.
Such a one will be carried away by greater desire. For the eunuch is spoken of by the wise man as not abstaining from desire, but … unable to fulfill the desire, as he says: “the desire of a eunuch to deflower a maiden.”
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Notes and citation
Summary: Sirach shows the eunuch still has desire.
- The edition marks a gap (*). The quotation is Sir 20:4.
Extrabiblical texts: Sir 20:4 (Sirach [in RC, EO, ETH canons]; quotation)
Topics: Ethics
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 58.4.14 (Holl GCS 25/31:362–363; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-58-4-14). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
58.4.15Holl GCS 25/31:363
καὶ ἐκ πανταχόθεν * ὦ τῆς πολλῆς ματαιότητος τῆς ἐν τῷ κόσμῳ πολυτρόπως ἐπινενοημένης.
kai ek pantachothen * ō tēs pollēs mataiotētos tēs en tǭ kosmǭ polytropōs epinenoēmenēs.
And from every side … oh, the great vanity devised in the world in so many ways!
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Notes and citation
Summary: An exclamation at human vanity.
- The edition marks a gap (*).
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 58.4.15 (Holl GCS 25/31:363; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-58-4-15). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
58.4.16Holl GCS 25/31:363
Καὶ ταῦτά ἐστιν ἃ περὶ τούτων ἔγνωμεν. διὰ καὶ ἐν συντόμῳ περὶ αὐτῶν εἰρηκότες καὶ ὡς ἔφην ὑπονοήσαντες εἶναι τούτους τοὺς προειρημένους,
Kai tauta estin ha peri toutōn egnōmen. dia kai en syntomǭ peri autōn eirēkotes kai hōs ephēn hyponoēsantes einai toutous tous proeirēmenous,
This is what we have learned about them. Having spoken briefly about them, and having supposed, as I said, that these are the people mentioned,
Notes and citation
Summary: The account of the Valesians closes.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 58.4.16 (Holl GCS 25/31:363; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-58-4-16). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
58.4.17Holl GCS 25/31:363
καταλιπόντες τοὺς αὐτοὺς καὶ καταγελάσαντες <αὐτῶν> ὥσπερ σκορπίου δικέντρου τοῖς μὲν κέρασι καὶ χηλαῖς ἀπὸ τῶν ἀνέκαθεν τῶν πατέρων βίοις ἐναντιωθέντος, ἐν δὲ τῷ κέντρῳ τῷ τύπῳ τῆς ἁγίας τοῦ θεοῦ ἐκκλησίας ἀνθισταμένου, ὑποδήματι ἐστηριγμένῳ καταπατήσαντες τούτους [καὶ καταγελάσαντες, ] τουτέστιν διὰ τῶν ῥητῶν τοῦ εὐαγγελίου, κατὰ τὸ ἔθος ἐπὶ τὰς μετέπειτα βαίνοντες ἐνταῦθα λήξωμεν τῆς τούτων ἀβελτηρίας.
katalipontes tous autous kai katagelasantes <autōn> hōsper skorpiou dikentrou tois men kerasi kai chēlais apo tōn anekathen tōn paterōn biois enantiōthentos, en de tǭ kentrǭ tǭ typǭ tēs hagias tou theou ekklēsias anthistamenou, hypodēmati estērigmenǭ katapatēsantes toutous [kai katagelasantes, ] toutestin dia tōn rhētōn tou euangeliou, kata to ethos epi tas metepeita bainontes entautha lēxōmen tēs toutōn abeltērias.
let us leave them and laugh at them, as at a two-stinged scorpion that opposes with its horns and claws the lives of the fathers from of old, and with its sting resists the pattern of God’s holy church; having trampled them with a firm-planted shoe, that is, with the sayings of the gospel, let us go on as usual to the next, and end here their stupidity.
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Notes and citation
Summary: The Valesians are trampled like a scorpion.
- The editor deletes a repeated “and laughed at them.”
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 58.4.17 (Holl GCS 25/31:363; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-58-4-17). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 59, chapter 1
59.1.1Holl GCS 25/31:363
Καθεξῆς δὲ τούτων Καθαροί τινες λεγόμενοι ἐφύησαν, ἀπὸ Ναυάτου τινός, ὡς πολὺς ᾄδεται λόγος. οὗτος δὲ ὁ Ναυάτος ἐπὶ τῆς Ῥωμαίων ὑπῆρχεν, ἐν καιρῷ τοῦ διωγμοῦ τοῦ πρὸ τοῦ Μαξιμι<α>νοῦ γενομένου [πρώτου]· τάχα δὲ οἶμαι Δεκίου τότε ἦμ ἢ Αὐρηλιανοῦ.
Kathexēs de toutōn Katharoi tines legomenoi ephyēsan, apo Nauatou tinos, hōs polys ądetai logos. houtos de ho Nauatos epi tēs Rhōmaiōn hypērchen, en kairǭ tou diōgmou tou pro tou Maximi<a>nou genomenou [prōtou]; tacha de oimai Dekiou tote ēm ē Aurēlianou.
Next after these sprang up certain people called Cathari (“the Pure”), from one Novatus, as the common account goes. This Novatus was in Rome, at the time of the persecution before that of Maximian; I think perhaps it was then Decius or Aurelian.
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Notes and citation
Summary: The Cathari derive from Novatus at Rome.
- The founder is Novatian of Rome; Epiphanius writes Ναυάτος. The editor deletes πρώτου. The persecution was that of Decius (250).
Topics: Heresy, Persecution
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 59.1.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:363; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-59-1-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
59.1.2Holl GCS 25/31:363–364
ἀπὸ δὲ τῆς προφάσεως τῶν ἐν τῷ διωγμῷ παραπεςόντων ἐπάρματι ἀρθεὶς ἄμα τοῖς αὐτῷ ἑπομένοις μὴ θελήσας κοινωνῆσαι τοῖς μετανοοῦσιν ἀπὸ τοῦ διωγμοῦ, εἰς αἵρεσιν τ<οι>αὐτην τέτραπται, λέγων μὴ εἶναι <αὐτοῖς> σωτηρίαν, ἀλλὰ μίαν μετάνοιαν, μετὰ δὲ τὸ λουτρὸν μηκέτι δύνασθαί τινα ἐλεεῖσθαι παραπεπτωκότα.
apo de tēs prophaseōs tōn en tǭ diōgmǭ parapesontōn eparmati artheis ama tois autǭ hepomenois mē thelēsas koinōnēsai tois metanoousin apo tou diōgmou, eis hairesin t<oi>autēn tetraptai, legōn mē einai <autois> sōtērian, alla mian metanoian, meta de to loutron mēketi dynasthai tina eleeisthai parapeptōkota.
Taking the lapsed in the persecution as his pretext, lifted up with pride together with his followers, and unwilling to have communion with those who repented after the persecution, he turned to this heresy, saying that there is no salvation for them, but one repentance, and that after the washing no one who has fallen can find mercy.
Notes and citation
Summary: Novatus denied restoration to those who fell after baptism.
Topics: Heresy, Baptism, Persecution
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 59.1.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:363–364; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-59-1-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
59.1.3Holl GCS 25/31:364
Καὶ αὐτοὶ δέ φαμεν εἶναι μετάνοιαν μίαν καὶ διὰ λουτροῦ παλιγγενεσίας ταύτην γίνεσθαι τὴν σωτηρίαν, ἀλλʼ οὐ, κ ἀναιροῦμεν τὴν τοῦ θεοῦ φιλανθρωπίαν,
Kai autoi de phamen einai metanoian mian kai dia loutrou palingenesias tautēn ginesthai tēn sōtērian, allʼ ou, k anairoumen tēn tou theou philanthrōpian,
We ourselves say that there is one repentance and that this salvation comes through the washing of regeneration; but we do not abolish God’s love for mankind,
Titus 3:5 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The church too confesses one baptismal repentance but keeps God’s mercy.
Topics: Baptism
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 59.1.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:364; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-59-1-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
59.1.4Holl GCS 25/31:364
εἰδότες τὸ κήρυγμα τῆς ἀληθείας καὶ τὸν ἔλεον τοῦ δεσπότου καὶ τὸ σύγγνωστον τῆς φύσεως, τὸ εὐρίπιστον τῆς ψυχῆς, τὸ ἀσθενὲς τῆς σαρκός, τὸ πολύβλυστον τῆς τῶν πάντων ἀνθρώπων αἰσθήσεως ἐν παραπτώμασιν, διότι »οὐδεὶς ἀναμάρτητος καὶ καθαρὸς ἀπὸ ῥύπου, οὐδʼ ἂν κἂν μία ἡμέρα ἡ ζωὴ αὐτοῦ ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς.«
eidotes to kērygma tēs alētheias kai ton eleon tou despotou kai to syngnōston tēs physeōs, to euripiston tēs psychēs, to asthenes tēs sarkos, to polyblyston tēs tōn pantōn anthrōpōn aisthēseōs en paraptōmasin, dioti »oudeis anamartētos kai katharos apo rhypou, oudʼ an kan mia hēmera hē zōē autou epi tēs gēs.«
knowing the proclamation of the truth, the Master’s mercy, and what is pardonable in our nature: the soul’s instability, the flesh’s weakness, the abundant susceptibility of all men’s senses to transgressions; for “no one is sinless and clean from defilement, not even if his life on earth is one day.”
Job 14:4 (quotation, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Human weakness calls for mercy, since no one is sinless.
Topics: Ethics
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 59.1.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:364; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-59-1-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
59.1.5Holl GCS 25/31:364
καὶ ἡ μὲν τελεία μετάνοια ἐν τῷ λουτρῷ τυγχάνει· εἰ δέ τις παρέπεσεν, οὐ ἀπόλλει τοῦτον Ἡ ἁγία τοῦ θεοῦ ἐκκλησία. δίδωσι γὰρ καὶ ἐπάνοδον καὶ μετὰ τὴν μετάνοιαν τὴν μεταμέλειαν.
kai hē men teleia metanoia en tǭ loutrǭ tynchanei; ei de tis parepesen, ou apollei touton Hē hagia tou theou ekklēsia. didōsi gar kai epanodon kai meta tēn metanoian tēn metameleian.
The perfect repentance takes place in the washing; but if anyone has fallen, God’s holy church does not destroy him. For it grants a way back, and after repentance, remorse.
Notes and citation
Summary: The church offers a way back after a fall.
- The church’s restoration of penitents is meant.
Topics: Baptism
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 59.1.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:364; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-59-1-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
59.1.6Holl GCS 25/31:364–365
τῷ γὰρ Κάϊν εἶπεν ὀ θεός ἥμαρτες, ἡσύχασον«, καὶ τῷ παραλυτικῷ »ἰδού, ὑγιὴς γέγονας, μηκέτι ἁμάρτανε«, καὶ Πέτρον ἀνακαλεῖται ὁ κύριος μετὰ τὸ ἀρνήσασθαι καὶ ἀντὶ τῶν τριῶν ἀρνήσεων τρὶς αὐτὸν προκαλεῖται πρὸς ὁμολογίαν »᾿αγαπᾷς με, Πέτρε; ἀγαπᾷς με, Πέτρε; ἀγαπᾷς με, Πέτρε;« καί φησι »ποίμαινε τὰ προβάτιά μου«,
tǭ gar Kaïn eipen o theos hēmartes, hēsychason«, kai tǭ paralytikǭ »idou, hygiēs gegonas, mēketi hamartane«, kai Petron anakaleitai ho kyrios meta to arnēsasthai kai anti tōn triōn arnēseōn tris auton prokaleitai pros homologian »᾿agapąs me, Petre? agapąs me, Petre? agapąs me, Petre?« kai phēsi »poimaine ta probatia mou«,
For God said to Cain, “You have sinned; be still”; and to the paralytic, “See, you have been made well; sin no more”; and the Lord recalls Peter after his denial, and for his three denials calls him three times to confession: “Do you love me, Peter? Do you love me, Peter? Do you love me, Peter?” and says, “Feed my little sheep,”
Gen 4:7 (quotation, high confidence) · John 5:14 (quotation, high confidence) · John 21:15 (allusion, high confidence) · John 21:17 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Cain, the paralytic, and Peter show God restores sinners.
- Gen 4:7 LXX.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 59.1.6 (Holl GCS 25/31:364–365; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-59-1-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 59, chapter 2
59.2.1Holl GCS 25/31:365
2. Σφάλλει δὲ αὐτοὺς τὸ ῥητὸν τοῦ ἀποστόλου τὸν εἰρημένον »ἀδύνατον γὰρ τοὺς ἄπαξ φωτισθέντας καὶ καλὸν γευσαμένους θεοῦ ῥῆμα δυνάμεις τε τοῦ μέλλοντος αἰῶνος καὶ παραπεσόντας πάλιν ἀνακαινίζειν εἰς μετάνοιαν, ἀνασταυροῦντας ἑαυτοῖς τὸν υἱὸν τοῦ θεοῦ καὶ παραδειγματίζοντας.
2. Sphallei de autous to rhēton tou apostolou ton eirēmenon »adynaton gar tous apax phōtisthentas kai kalon geusamenous theou rhēma dynameis te tou mellontos aiōnos kai parapesontas palin anakainizein eis metanoian, anastaurountas heautois ton huion tou theou kai paradeigmatizontas.
They are misled by the apostle’s saying: “For it is impossible for those who were once enlightened and tasted the good word of God and the powers of the age to come, and have fallen away, to renew them again to repentance, since they crucify the Son of God to themselves again and put him to open shame.
Heb 6:4 (quotation, high confidence) · Heb 6:5 (quotation, high confidence) · Heb 6:6 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The Novatians rely on Heb 6:4–6.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 59.2.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:365; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-59-2-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
59.2.2Holl GCS 25/31:365
γῆ γὰρ ἡ πιοῦσα πολλάκις τὸν ἐπʼ αὐτῆς ἐρχόμενον ὑετὸν καὶ τίκτουσα βοτάνην εὔθετον ἐκείνοις, διʼ οὓς καὶ καὶ γεωργεῖται, μεταλαμβάνει εὐλογίας· ἐκφέρουσα δὲ ἀκάνθας καὶ τριβόλους ἀδόκιμος καὶ κατάρας ἐγγύς, ἦς τὸ τέλος εἰς καῦσιν«.
gē gar hē piousa pollakis ton epʼ autēs erchomenon hyeton kai tiktousa botanēn eutheton ekeinois, diʼ hous kai kai geōrgeitai, metalambanei eulogias; ekpherousa de akanthas kai tribolous adokimos kai kataras engys, ēs to telos eis kausin«.
For land that drinks the rain that often falls on it and bears vegetation useful to those for whom it is cultivated receives a blessing; but if it bears thorns and thistles, it is worthless and near to a curse, and its end is to be burned.”
Heb 6:7 (quotation, high confidence) · Heb 6:8 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The quotation continues with Heb 6:7–8.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 59.2.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:365; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-59-2-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
59.2.3Holl GCS 25/31:365
καὶ γὰρ τῷ μὲν ὄντι τοὺς ἅπαξ ἀνακαινισθέντας καὶ παραπεσόντας ἀνακαινίζειν ἀδύνατον. οὔτε γὰρ ἔτι γεννήσεται Χριστός, ἵνα σταυρωθῇ ὑπὲρ ἡμῶν, οὔτε ἀνασταυροῦ δύναταί τις τὸν υἱὸν τοῦ θεοῦ τὸν μηκέτι σταυρούμενον, οὔτε δύναταί τις λουτρὸν δεύτερον λαμβάνειν·
kai gar tǭ men onti tous hapax anakainisthentas kai parapesontas anakainizein adynaton. oute gar eti gennēsetai Christos, hina staurōthę̄ hyper hēmōn, oute anastaurou dynatai tis ton huion tou theou ton mēketi stauroumenon, oute dynatai tis loutron deuteron lambanein;
And in truth it is impossible to renew those once renewed who have fallen away. For Christ will not be born again to be crucified for us, nor can anyone crucify again the Son of God, who is no longer crucified, nor can anyone receive a second washing;
Notes and citation
Summary: Hebrews means baptism cannot be repeated.
Topics: Baptism
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 59.2.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:365; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-59-2-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
59.2.4Holl GCS 25/31:365
ἓν γάρ ἐστι τὸ βάπτισμα καὶ εἶς ὁ ἐγκαινισμός, ἀλλὰ εὐθὺς ἐπιφέρει τὴν τούτων ἴασιν ὁ ἅγιος ἀπόστολος, τὴν ἐκκλησίαν ἰατρεύων καὶ τῶν αὐτῆς μελῶν ἐπιμελόμενος, καί φησί »πεπείσμεθα δὲ περὶ ὑμῶν, ἀγαπητοί, τὰ κρείττονα καὶ ἐχόμενα σωτηρίας, εἰ καὶ οὕτως λαλοῦμεν. οὐ γὰρ ἄδικος ὁ θεὸς ἐπιλαθέσθαι τοῦ ἀγαθοῦ ἔργου ὑμῶν«.
hen gar esti to baptisma kai eis ho enkainismos, alla euthys epipherei tēn toutōn iasin ho hagios apostolos, tēn ekklēsian iatreuōn kai tōn autēs melōn epimelomenos, kai phēsi »pepeismetha de peri hymōn, agapētoi, ta kreittona kai echomena sōtērias, ei kai houtōs laloumen. ou gar adikos ho theos epilathesthai tou agathou ergou hymōn«.
for there is one baptism and one renewal. But the holy apostle at once adds the cure for these, healing the church and caring for its members, and says, “But we are persuaded of better things concerning you, beloved, things that accompany salvation, though we speak in this way. For God is not unjust to forget your good work.”
Eph 4:5 (allusion, medium confidence) · Heb 6:9 (quotation, high confidence) · Heb 6:10 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Hebrews at once adds hope of salvation.
Topics: Baptism
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 59.2.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:365; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-59-2-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
59.2.5Holl GCS 25/31:365
καὶ ὁρᾷς πῶς μὲν τὸν ἐγκαινισμὸν μὴ δύνασθαι δεύτερον γενέσθαι τελείως ἀπεφήνατο, τῆς δὲ σωτηρίας οὐκ ἀπέτεμεν τοὺς ἔτι μετανοοῦντας, ἀλλὰ καὶ σωτηρίας ἐχόμενα καὶ θεὸν ἀντιλήπτορα, τῆς ἀγαθοεργίας αὐτῶν χάριν, τὸν κύριον ἔδειξε τῶν καὶ ἀπὸ παραπτωμάτων τελειότατα μετανοούντων καὶ ἐπιστρεφόντων καὶ μεταμελομένων.
kai horąs pōs men ton enkainismon mē dynasthai deuteron genesthai teleiōs apephēnato, tēs de sōtērias ouk apetemen tous eti metanoountas, alla kai sōtērias echomena kai theon antilēptora, tēs agathoergias autōn charin, ton kyrion edeixe tōn kai apo paraptōmatōn teleiotata metanoountōn kai epistrephontōn kai metamelomenōn.
And you see how he declared completely that renewal cannot happen a second time, yet did not cut off from salvation those who still repent, but showed that there are things accompanying salvation and that God is a helper, because of their good works, the Lord of those who repent most perfectly of their transgressions, turn back and feel remorse.
Notes and citation
Summary: No second baptism, but penitents are not cut off from salvation.
Topics: Baptism
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 59.2.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:365; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-59-2-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
59.2.6Holl GCS 25/31:365
Δέχεται οὖν ὁ ἅγιος λόγος καὶ ἡ ἁγία θεοῦ ἐκκλησία πάντοτε τὴν μετάνοιαν, οὐκ ἐξυδαρευομένη οὐδὲ ῥᾳθύμους τοὺς τὸν δρόμον τελοῦντας παρασκευάζουσα, ἀλλὰ θεοῦ τὴν χάριν καὶ φιλανθρωπίαν μὴ ἀνακόπτουσα, γινώσκουσα δὲ τὸν τρόπον ἑκάστης ὑποθέσεως.
Dechetai oun ho hagios logos kai hē hagia theou ekklēsia pantote tēn metanoian, ouk exydareuomenē oude rhąthymous tous ton dromon telountas paraskeuazousa, alla theou tēn charin kai philanthrōpian mē anakoptousa, ginōskousa de ton tropon hekastēs hypotheseōs.
So the holy Word and God’s holy church always accept repentance, not watering down discipline nor making those who run the race careless, but not cutting off God’s grace and love for mankind, and knowing the proper way for each case.
Notes and citation
Summary: The church always accepts repentance with discernment.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 59.2.6 (Holl GCS 25/31:365; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-59-2-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
59.2.7Holl GCS 25/31:365–366
ὡς γὰρ ὁ τὴν παρθενίαν ἀπολέσας ἀδυνάτως ἔχει τάυτην <ἀνα>κτήσασθαι σωματικῶς, μὴ ἐνδεχομένης τῆς φύσεως, οὕτω καὶ ὁ ἀπὸ τοῦ λουτροῦ ἐν μεγάλοις τισὶ παραπτώμασι περιπεσών·
hōs gar ho tēn parthenian apolesas adynatōs echei tautēn <ana>ktēsasthai sōmatikōs, mē endechomenēs tēs physeōs, houtō kai ho apo tou loutrou en megalois tisi paraptōmasi peripesōn;
For as one who has lost virginity cannot regain it bodily, since nature does not allow it, so it is with one who after the washing has fallen into some great transgressions;
Notes and citation
Summary: Like lost virginity, baptismal innocence cannot be regained.
Topics: Baptism
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 59.2.7 (Holl GCS 25/31:365–366; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-59-2-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
59.2.8Holl GCS 25/31:366
καὶ ὥσπερ ὁ ἀπὸ παρθενίας παραπεσὼν δευτέραν τιμὴν τὴν ἐγκράτειαν ἔχει, οὕτω καὶ ὁ μετὰ τὸ λουτρὸν ἐν παραπτώματι μείζονι γενόμενος ἔχει δευτέραν ἴασιν <τὴν μεταμέλειαν>, οὐ τοιαύτην ε᾿νάρετον κατὰ τὴν πρώτην. οὐκ ἀποβεβλημένην δὲ ζωῆς ἔχει τὴν δευτέραν ἣν κέκτηται. οὐκ ἀθετεῖ τοίνυν ὁ θεῖος λόγος τὸν μισθὸν τῶν ἐν τῇ μετανοίᾳ καμνόντων.
kai hōsper ho apo parthenias parapesōn deuteran timēn tēn enkrateian echei, houtō kai ho meta to loutron en paraptōmati meizoni genomenos echei deuteran iasin <tēn metameleian>, ou toiautēn e᾿nareton kata tēn prōtēn. ouk apobeblēmenēn de zōēs echei tēn deuteran hēn kektētai. ouk athetei toinyn ho theios logos ton misthon tōn en tę̄ metanoią kamnontōn.
and as one who has fallen from virginity has continence as a second honor, so one who after the washing has fallen into a greater transgression has a second remedy, remorse, not as excellent as the first; yet the second, which he has obtained, is not cast out from life. So the divine Word does not set aside the reward of those who labor in repentance.
Notes and citation
Summary: Repentance after baptism is a second, lesser, but saving remedy.
Topics: Baptism
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 59.2.8 (Holl GCS 25/31:366; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-59-2-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 59, chapter 3
59.3.1Holl GCS 25/31:366
3 Ἔπειτα δὲ οἱ αὺτοὶ πάλιν ἀπὸ τούτου προπηδήσαντες καὶ ἄλλα τινὰ ἐφηύραντο. καὶ γὰρ καὶ αὐτοὶ τὴν αὐτήν, ἣν καὶ ἡμεῖς κεκττήμεθα, πίστιν λέγουσιν ἔχειν· οὖτοι δὲ οὐ βούλονται διγάμοις κοινωνεῖν. εἰ γάρ τις μετὰ τὸ βάπτισμα συμναφθείη γυναικὶ δευτέρᾳ, παρὰ τούτοις οὐκ εἰσδεχθήσεται ἔτι.
3 Epeita de hoi autoi palin apo toutou propēdēsantes kai alla tina ephēuranto. kai gar kai autoi tēn autēn, hēn kai hēmeis kekttēmetha, pistin legousin echein; outoi de ou boulontai digamois koinōnein. ei gar tis meta to baptisma symnaphtheiē gynaiki deuterą, para toutois ouk eisdechthēsetai eti.
Then the same people, leaping further from this, invented some other things too. They say they hold the same faith that we have; but they will not have communion with those married twice. If anyone after baptism has been joined to a second wife, he will no longer be received among them.
Notes and citation
Summary: The Novatians exclude the twice-married after baptism.
- “Married twice” (δίγαμοι) means a second marriage, here after the death of the first spouse.
Topics: Heresy, Remarriage, Divorce and remarriage
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 59.3.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:366; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-59-3-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
59.3.2Holl GCS 25/31:366
καὶ τὸ πᾶν ἐστιν ἠλίθιον, ὡς γὰρ εἴ τις θεάσαιτό τινα νηχόμενον ἐν ὕδατι καὶ ἀγνοῶν τὴν πεῖραν τῆς διανήξεως ἑαυτὸν ἔκδοτον τοῖς ὔδασι δᾠη καὶ ὑποβρύχιος γένηται, μὴ ἔμπειρος ὢν μηδὲ σαφῶς γνοὺς τῶν διὰ χειρῶν τε καὶ ποδῶν τὴν σωτηρίαν ἑαυτοῖς προσπορίζομένων τὴν ἐπιστήμην, νομίζων δὲ ἁπλῶς τὸ ὔδωρ διαβαστάζειν τὸν ἄνθρωπον δίχα των ἰδίων χειρῶν·
kai to pan estin ēlithion, hōs gar ei tis theasaito tina nēchomenon en hydati kai agnoōn tēn peiran tēs dianēxeōs heauton ekdoton tois ydasi dǭē kai hypobrychios genētai, mē empeiros ōn mēde saphōs gnous tōn dia cheirōn te kai podōn tēn sōtērian heautois prosporizomenōn tēn epistēmēn, nomizōn de haplōs to ydōr diabastazein ton anthrōpon dicha tōn idiōn cheirōn;
The whole thing is silly. It is as if someone saw a man swimming in water, and, not knowing the skill of swimming, gave himself up to the waters and went under, being inexperienced and not clearly knowing the skill of those who secure their safety with hands and feet, but thinking simply that water carries a man without his own hands;
Notes and citation
Summary: A comparison: an unskilled man imitating a swimmer drowns.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 59.3.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:366; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-59-3-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
59.3.3Holl GCS 25/31:366
ἢ ὡς εἴ τις ἀκούοι τὸν ἡγεμόνα τιμωροῦντα τοὺς δρῶντας φαυλότητος <ἔργα> ἄχρι καὶ ἐλαχίστων καὶ νομίζοι μὲν τὴν δίκην ἴσην διεξιέναι κατὰ πάντων, ὡς ἐπὶ τοῦ φόνου οὕτως καὶ ἐπὶ τοῦ διαβάλλοντος τὸν πέλας ἢ * μαχεσαμένου·
ē hōs ei tis akouoi ton hēgemona timōrounta tous drōntas phaulotētos <erga> achri kai elachistōn kai nomizoi men tēn dikēn isēn diexienai kata pantōn, hōs epi tou phonou houtōs kai epi tou diaballontos ton pelas ē * machesamenou;
or as if someone heard a governor punishing those who do wicked deeds, even the least, and thought that the same penalty is applied against all, for the slanderer of his neighbor or one who … has fought as for murder;
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Notes and citation
Summary: Another comparison: assuming all offenses get the same penalty.
- The edition marks a gap (*).
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 59.3.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:366; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-59-3-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
59.3.4Holl GCS 25/31:366
ἢ ὡς ἐὰν ᾖ τις παντάπασιν ἰδιώτης καὶ θεάσηται τὸν εἰληφότα ἄρχοντος τὴν ἐξουσίαν κατὰ ἀλιτηρίων ἀποσπάσαντα μάχαιραν ἢ κατὰ γοήτων καὶ βλασφήμων ἢ ἀκαθοσιώτων, νομίζῃ δὲ τοὺς ἅπαντας ἐξουσίαν ἔχειν τῆς τοιαύτης αἰτίας ποιεῖσθαι τὴν δίκην, θεασάμενός τε δίκην δόντας ἀνθρώπους καὶ αὐτὸς δὲ τὰ ἴσα μιμησάμενος θελήσῃ ἀποκτεῖναί τινας, ὡς δῆθεν τοὺς ἠδικηκότας δικάςων, ἁλοὺς δὲ οὖτος αὐτὸς δίκην δώσει,
ē hōs ean ę̄ tis pantapasin idiōtēs kai theasētai ton eilēphota archontos tēn exousian kata alitēriōn apospasanta machairan ē kata goētōn kai blasphēmōn ē akathosiōtōn, nomizę̄ de tous hapantas exousian echein tēs toiautēs aitias poieisthai tēn dikēn, theasamenos te dikēn dontas anthrōpous kai autos de ta isa mimēsamenos thelēsę̄ apokteinai tinas, hōs dēthen tous ēdikēkotas dikasōn, halous de outos autos dikēn dōsei,
or as if someone entirely a private person saw one who has received a ruler’s authority draw a sword against criminals, sorcerers, blasphemers or the impious, and thought that everyone has authority to punish such a crime; and having seen men punished, he wanted to imitate it and kill some people, as if to judge the wrongdoers, but he himself, being caught, will be punished,
Notes and citation
Summary: A third comparison: a private man usurping a judge’s sword.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 59.3.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:366; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-59-3-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
59.3.5Holl GCS 25/31:366–367
μὴ εἰληφὼς παρὰ βασιλέως ἐξουσίαν τῶν τοιούτων καὶ ὅτι τὴν ἴσην ἐνόμιζεν κατὰ πάντων ἐξίέναι ψῆφον ἀπὸ τῆς δίκης τῶν νό- μων, ἑαυτὸν [δὲ] ἐν τῇ ἀδικίᾳ τῆς ἰδίας ἀπειρίας καὶ ἀπαρακολουθησίας ἔκδοτον ἀπωλείας παρασκεύάσας, —
mē eilēphōs para basileōs exousian tōn toioutōn kai hoti tēn isēn enomizen kata pantōn exienai psēphon apo tēs dikēs tōn no- mōn, heauton [de] en tę̄ adikią tēs idias apeirias kai aparakolouthēsias ekdoton apōleias paraskeuasas, —
not having received authority for such things from the emperor, and because he thought the same sentence of the laws’ justice applied against all, and so exposed himself to destruction in the wrong of his own inexperience and lack of understanding —
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Notes and citation
Summary: He is punished for his misunderstanding.
- The editor deletes δέ.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 59.3.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:366–367; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-59-3-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
59.3.6Holl GCS 25/31:367
οὕτω καὶ οὖτοι τὰ πάντων ὁμοῦ μίξαντες ἐκ πάντων ἐξέπεσαν καὶ μὴ νούσαντες τὰ ἀκριβῆ τῆς τοῦ θεοῦ διδασκαλίας ἐπὶ ἑτέραν τρίβον σφαλέντες ἐτράπησαν, οὐκ εἰδότες ὅτι οὐκ αὐτὴ ἐστὶν Ἠ τῆς θείας γραφῆς παράδοσίς τε καὶ ἀκολουθία.
houtō kai outoi ta pantōn homou mixantes ek pantōn exepesan kai mē nousantes ta akribē tēs tou theou didaskalias epi heteran tribon sphalentes etrapēsan, ouk eidotes hoti ouk autē estin Ē tēs theias graphēs paradosis te kai akolouthia.
so these people, mixing up everyone’s rules together, have fallen away from all of them, and not understanding the precision of God’s teaching have strayed and turned to another path, not knowing that this is not the tradition and sequence of the divine Scripture.
Notes and citation
Summary: The Novatians confuse rules meant for different orders.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 59.3.6 (Holl GCS 25/31:367; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-59-3-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 59, chapter 4
59.4.1Holl GCS 25/31:367
4 Τὰ γὰρ εἰς τὴν ἱερωσύνην παραδοθέντα διὰ τὸ ἐξοχώτατον τῆς ἱερουργίας εἰς πάντας ἐνόμισαν ἴσως φέρεσθαι. ἀκηκοότες γὰρ ὅτι »δεῖ τὸν ἐπίσκοπον ἀνεπίληπτον εἶναι, μιᾶς γυναικὸς ἄνδρα, ἐγκρατῆ«, »ὡσαύτως καὶ τὸν διάκονον« καὶ τὸν πρεσβύτερον, τὸν ὅρον τῶν ταγμάτων οὐκ ἐνόησαν.
4 Ta gar eis tēn hierōsynēn paradothenta dia to exochōtaton tēs hierourgias eis pantas enomisan isōs pheresthai. akēkootes gar hoti »dei ton episkopon anepilēpton einai, mias gynaikos andra, enkratē«, »hōsautōs kai ton diakonon« kai ton presbyteron, ton horon tōn tagmatōn ouk enoēsan.
For they thought that what was handed down for the priesthood, because of the supreme dignity of the sacred ministry, applies equally to everyone. Having heard that “the bishop must be above reproach, the husband of one wife, self-controlled,” and “likewise the deacon” and the presbyter, they did not understand the limit of the orders.
1 Tim 3:2 (quotation, high confidence) · 1 Tim 3:8 (allusion, high confidence) · Titus 1:6 (allusion, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Rules for clergy were wrongly applied to all.
Topics: Church office, Marriage, Divorce and remarriage
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 59.4.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:367; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-59-4-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
59.4.2Holl GCS 25/31:367
καὶ γὰρ τῷ μὲν ὄντι οὐ δέχεται εἰς ἱερωσύνην τὸ ἅγιον τοῦ θεοῦ κήρυγμα μετὰ τὴν τοῦ Χριστοῦ ἐνδημίαν οὐδὲ τοὺς ἀπὸ πρώτου γάμου τελευτησάσης τῆς αὐτῶν γυναικὸς δευτέρῳ γάμῳ συναφθέντας, διὰ τὸ ὑπερβάλλον τῆς τιμνῆς τῆς ἱερωσύνης· καὶ ταῦτα ἀσφαλῶς ἡ ἁγία τοῦ θεοῦ ἐκκλησία μετὰ ἀκριβείας παραφυλάττεται.
kai gar tǭ men onti ou dechetai eis hierōsynēn to hagion tou theou kērygma meta tēn tou Christou endēmian oude tous apo prōtou gamou teleutēsasēs tēs autōn gynaikos deuterǭ gamǭ synaphthentas, dia to hyperballon tēs timnēs tēs hierōsynēs; kai tauta asphalōs hē hagia tou theou ekklēsia meta akribeias paraphylattetai.
In truth God’s holy proclamation, since Christ’s coming, does not admit to the priesthood those who, after their wife from a first marriage has died, have been joined in a second marriage, because of the surpassing honor of the priesthood; and God’s holy church observes this firmly and with precision.
Notes and citation
Summary: The twice-married are not admitted to the priesthood.
Topics: Church office, Remarriage, Divorce and remarriage
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 59.4.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:367; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-59-4-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
59.4.3Holl GCS 25/31:367
ἀλλὰ καὶ τὸν ἔτι <συμ>βιοῦντα καὶ τεκυνογονοπυντα, μιᾶς γυναικὸς ὄντα ἄνδρα, οὐ δέχεται, ἀλλὰ ἀπὸ μιᾶς ἐγκρατευσάμενον ἢ χηρεύσαντα διάκονόν τε καὶ πρεσβύτερον καὶ ἐπίσκοπον καὶ ὑποδιάκονον, μάλιστα ὅπον ἀκριβεῖς κανόνες οἱ ἐκκλησιαστικοί.
alla kai ton eti <sym>biounta kai tekynogonopynta, mias gynaikos onta andra, ou dechetai, alla apo mias enkrateusamenon ē chēreusanta diakonon te kai presbyteron kai episkopon kai hypodiakonon, malista hopon akribeis kanones hoi ekklēsiastikoi.
But it does not even admit one who is still living with his wife and begetting children, though the husband of one wife; rather it admits as deacon, presbyter, bishop, and subdeacon one who has abstained from his one wife or been widowed, especially where the church’s canons are strict.
Notes and citation
Summary: Clergy must be continent or widowed where the canons are strict.
- Epiphanius’s account of clerical continence is given as he states it.
Topics: Church office, Marriage, Divorce and remarriage
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 59.4.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:367; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-59-4-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
59.4.4Holl GCS 25/31:367–368
Ἀλλὰ πάντως ἐρεῖς μοι, ἔν τισι τόποις ἔτι τεκνογονεῖν πρεσβυτέρους καὶ διακόνους καὶ ὑποδιακόνους. τοῦτο δὲ οὐ παρὰ τὸν κανόνα γίνεται. ἀλλὰ παρὰ τὴν τῶν ἀνθρώπων κατὰ καιρὸν ῥᾳθυμήσασαν διάνοιαν καὶ τῆς τοῦ πλήθους ἕνεκεν μὴ εὙρισκομένης ὑπηρεσίας.
Alla pantōs ereis moi, en tisi topois eti teknogonein presbyterous kai diakonous kai hypodiakonous. touto de ou para ton kanona ginetai. alla para tēn tōn anthrōpōn kata kairon rhąthymēsasan dianoian kai tēs tou plēthous heneken mē heUriskomenēs hypēresias.
But you will surely tell me that in some places presbyters, deacons and subdeacons still beget children. This does not happen according to the canon, but because of men’s mind grown careless at times, and because ministers are not found for the size of the congregation.
Notes and citation
Summary: Married clergy begetting children is a lapse, not the canon.
Topics: Church office, Marriage
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 59.4.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:367–368; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-59-4-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
59.4.5Holl GCS 25/31:368
τὸ πρεπωδέστατον γὰρ ἀεὶ ἡ ἐκκλησία <ἐφ>ορῶσα ἁγίῳ πνεύματι εὖ διαταχθεῖσα ἔγνω »ἀπερισπάστως« θεῷ τὰς λατρείας ἐπιτελεῖσθαι σπουδάζειν καὶ τὰ πνευματικὰ τῶν χρειῶν μετὰ πάσης εὐνουστάτης συνειδήσεως τελειοῦσθαι.
to prepōdestaton gar aei hē ekklēsia <eph>orōsa hagiǭ pneumati eu diatachtheisa egnō »aperispastōs« theǭ tas latreias epiteleisthai spoudazein kai ta pneumatika tōn chreiōn meta pasēs eunoustatēs syneidēseōs teleiousthai.
For the church, always looking to what is most fitting and well ordered by the Holy Spirit, has known to take care that the services be performed for God “without distraction,” and that spiritual duties be accomplished with the best possible conscience.
1 Cor 7:35 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The church wants undistracted service for God.
Topics: Church office
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 59.4.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:368; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-59-4-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
59.4.6Holl GCS 25/31:368
φημὶ δὲ ὅτι πρέπον ἐστὶ διὰ τὰ ἐξαπίνης λειτουργίας καὶ χρείας σχολάζειν τὸν πρεσβύτερον καὶ διάκονον καὶ ἐπίσκοπον θεῷ.
phēmi de hoti prepon esti dia ta exapinēs leitourgias kai chreias scholazein ton presbyteron kai diakonon kai episkopon theǭ.
I mean that it is fitting for the presbyter, deacon and bishop to be free for God because of sudden services and needs.
Notes and citation
Summary: Clergy must be free for sudden ministry.
Topics: Church office
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 59.4.6 (Holl GCS 25/31:368; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-59-4-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
59.4.7Holl GCS 25/31:368
εἰ γὰρ καὶ τοῖς ἀπὸ τοῦ λαοῦ προστάσσει ὁ ἅγιος ἀπόστολος λέγων, ἵνα »πρὸς καιρὸν σχολάσωσι τῇ προσευχῇ«, πόσῳ γε μᾶλλον τῷ ἱερεῖ τὸ αὐτὸ προστάσσει; τὸ ἀπερίσπαστον δὲ λέγω εἰς τὸ σσολάξειν τῇ κατὰ θεὸν ἐν ταῖς χρείαις ταῖς πνευματικαῖς τελεσιουργουμένῃ ἱερωσύνῃ.
ei gar kai tois apo tou laou prostassei ho hagios apostolos legōn, hina »pros kairon scholasōsi tę̄ proseuchę̄«, posǭ ge mallon tǭ hierei to auto prostassei? to aperispaston de legō eis to ssolaxein tę̄ kata theon en tais chreiais tais pneumatikais telesiourgoumenę̄ hierōsynę̄.
For if the holy apostle instructs even those of the laity that they should “devote themselves to prayer for a time,” how much more does he instruct the priest in the same? I mean being undistracted, so as to be free for the priesthood exercised according to God in spiritual duties.
1 Cor 7:5 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: If laity abstain for prayer, how much more priests.
Topics: Church office, Marriage, Prayer
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 59.4.7 (Holl GCS 25/31:368; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-59-4-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
59.4.8Holl GCS 25/31:368
ἔξεστι δὲ <ἐπὶ> τῷ λαῷ <τοῦτο> διʼ ἀσθένειαν διαβαστάζεσθαι καὶ <τοὺς> μὴ δυνηθέντας ἐπὶ τῇ πρώτῃ γαμετῇ στῆναιδευτέρᾳ μετὰ θάνατον τῆς πρώτης συναφθῆναι.
exesti de <epi> tǭ laǭ <touto> diʼ astheneian diabastazesthai kai <tous> mē dynēthentas epi tę̄ prōtę̄ gametę̄ stēnaideuterą meta thanaton tēs prōtēs synaphthēnai.
But among the laity it is permitted, because of weakness, to be borne with, and for those who could not remain with their first wife to be joined to a second after the death of the first.
Notes and citation
Summary: Laity may remarry after a spouse’s death.
Topics: Remarriage, Divorce and remarriage
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 59.4.8 (Holl GCS 25/31:368; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-59-4-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
59.4.9Holl GCS 25/31:368–369
καὶ ὁ μὲν μίαν ἐσχηκὼς ἐν ἐπαίνῳ μείζονι καὶ τιμῇ παρὰ πᾶσιν ἐκκλησιαζομένοις ἐνυπάρχει, τὸν δὲ μὴ δυνηθέντα τῇ μιᾷ ἀρκεσθῆναι τελευτησάσῃ <ἢ> ἕνεκέν τινος προφάσεως, ἢ πορνείας ἢ μοιχείας ἢ ἄλλης αἰτίας, χωρισμοῦ γενομένου συναφθέντα δευτέρᾳ γυναικὶ ἢ γυναῖκα δευτέρῳ ἀνδρί, οὐκ αἰτιᾶται ὁ θεῖος λόγος οὐδὲ ἀπὸ τῆς έκκλησίας καὶ τῆς ζωῆς ἀποκηρύττει, ἀλλὰ διαβαστάζει διὰ τὸ ἀσθενές·
kai ho men mian eschēkōs en epainǭ meizoni kai timę̄ para pasin ekklēsiazomenois enyparchei, ton de mē dynēthenta tę̄ mią arkesthēnai teleutēsasę̄ <ē> heneken tinos prophaseōs, ē porneias ē moicheias ē allēs aitias, chōrismou genomenou synaphthenta deuterą gynaiki ē gynaika deuterǭ andri, ouk aitiatai ho theios logos oude apo tēs ekklēsias kai tēs zōēs apokēryttei, alla diabastazei dia to asthenes;
He who has had one wife is held in greater praise and honor among all church members; but the one who could not be content with the one wife when she died, or who, when a separation has occurred for some reason — sexual immorality, or adultery, or some other cause — has been joined to a second wife, or a wife to a second husband: the divine word does not blame him, nor proclaim him cut off from the church and from life, but bears with him because of his weakness;
Notes and citation
Summary: Epiphanius says the church bears with those who remarry after death or separation.
- Epiphanius here includes remarriage after separation “for sexual immorality, adultery, or some other cause” among cases the church tolerates for weakness; the sentence continues in 59.4.10. Translated as written.
Topics: Remarriage, Divorce, Marriage, Divorce and remarriage
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 59.4.9 (Holl GCS 25/31:368–369; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-59-4-9). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
59.4.10Holl GCS 25/31:369
οὐχ ἵνα δύο γυναῖκας ἐπὶ τὸ αὐτὸ σχῇ ἔτι περιούσης μιᾶς, ἀλλʼ <ἵνα> ἀπὸ μιᾶς ἀποσχισθεὶς δευτέρᾳ, εἰ τύχοι, ἐννόμως συναφθῇ, ἐλεεῖ τοῦτον ὁ ἅγιος λόγος καὶ ἡ ἁγία θεοῦ ἐκκλησίας, μάλιστα εἰ τυγχάνει ὁ τοιοῦτος τὰ ἄλλα εὐλαβὴς καὶ κατὰ νόμον θεοῦ πολιτευόμενος.
ouch hina dyo gynaikas epi to auto schę̄ eti periousēs mias, allʼ <hina> apo mias aposchistheis deuterą, ei tychoi, ennomōs synaphthę̄, eleei touton ho hagios logos kai hē hagia theou ekklēsias, malista ei tynchanei ho toioutos ta alla eulabēs kai kata nomon theou politeuomenos.
not so that he may have two wives at the same time while one is still living, but that, having been separated from one, he may, if it so happens, be lawfully joined to a second; the holy word and God’s holy church show him mercy, especially if such a man is devout in other respects and lives according to God’s law.
Notes and citation
Summary: Not bigamy, but a lawful second marriage after separation, is tolerated.
Topics: Remarriage, Divorce, Marriage, Divorce and remarriage
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 59.4.10 (Holl GCS 25/31:369; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-59-4-10). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
59.4.11Holl GCS 25/31:369
καὶ γὰρ ἂν ἔλεγεν ὁ ἀπόστολος ταῖς χήραις »γαμείτωσαν τεκνογονείωσαν οἰκοδεσποτείτωσαν«, οὐδὲ πάλιν ἔλεγε τῷ ἀνδρὶ τῷ ἀνδρι τῷ τὴν γυναῖκα τοῦ πατρὸς ἔχοντι καὶ παραδοθέντι »τῷ σατανᾷ εἰς ὄλεθρον τῆς σαρκός, ἵνα τὸ πνεῦμα σωθῇ ἐν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ τοῦ κυριου« — οὐκ ἔλεγε πάλιν »κυρώσατε εἰς αὐτὸν ἀγάπην, ἵνα μὴ τῇ περισσοτέρᾳ λύπῃ καταποθῇ ὁ τοιοῦτος«.
kai gar an elegen ho apostolos tais chērais »gameitōsan teknogoneiōsan oikodespoteitōsan«, oude palin elege tǭ andri tǭ andri tǭ tēn gynaika tou patros echonti kai paradothenti »tǭ sataną eis olethron tēs sarkos, hina to pneuma sōthę̄ en tę̄ hēmerą tou kyriou« — ouk elege palin »kyrōsate eis auton agapēn, hina mē tę̄ perissoterą lypę̄ katapothę̄ ho toioutos«.
Otherwise the apostle would not have said to the widows, “Let them marry, bear children, manage their households,” nor again said of the man who had his father’s wife and was handed over “to Satan for the destruction of the flesh, so that the spirit may be saved in the day of the Lord” — he would not have said again, “Confirm your love for him, so that such a one may not be swallowed up by excessive sorrow.”
1 Tim 5:14 (quotation, high confidence) · 1 Cor 5:5 (quotation, high confidence) · 2 Cor 2:8 (quotation, high confidence) · 2 Cor 2:7 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Paul allows widows to remarry and restores the repentant sinner.
- Epiphanius identifies the offender of 2 Cor 2 with the man of 1 Cor 5.
Topics: Remarriage, Divorce and remarriage
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 59.4.11 (Holl GCS 25/31:369; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-59-4-11). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
59.4.12Holl GCS 25/31:369
ἔλεγε γὰρ πάλιν »ᾧ τι χαρίζεσθε, κἀγώ· διότι εἴ τι κεχάρισμαι, διʼ ὑμᾶς κεχάρισμαι ἐν προσώπῳ κυριου, ἵνα μὴ πλεονεκτηθῶμεν ὐπὸ τοῦ σατανᾶ. οὐ γὰρ αὐτοῦ τὰ νοήματα ἀγνοοῦμεν«. καὶ ὅρα πῶς δίδωσι μετάνοιαν καὶ μετὰ παράπτωμα.
elege gar palin »hǭ ti charizesthe, kagō; dioti ei ti kecharismai, diʼ hymas kecharismai en prosōpǭ kyriou, hina mē pleonektēthōmen ypo tou satana. ou gar autou ta noēmata agnooumen«. kai hora pōs didōsi metanoian kai meta paraptōma.
For he said again, “Anyone whom you forgive, I forgive also; for what I have forgiven, I have forgiven for your sake in the presence of Christ, so that we may not be outwitted by Satan; for we are not ignorant of his designs.” And see how he grants repentance even after a transgression.
2 Cor 2:10 (quotation, high confidence) · 2 Cor 2:11 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Paul grants repentance after a fall.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 59.4.12 (Holl GCS 25/31:369; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-59-4-12). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 59, chapter 5
59.5.1Holl GCS 25/31:369
5. Πάλιν δὲ ὁ κύριός φησιν »ἄφετε ἀλλήλοις τὰ παραπτώματα, ἵνα καὶ ὁ πατὴρ ὑμῶν ὁ ἐν οὐρανῷ ἀφήσειν ὑμῖνῷ ἀφήσει ὑμῖν«.
5. Palin de ho kyrios phēsin »aphete allēlois ta paraptōmata, hina kai ho patēr hymōn ho en ouranǭ aphēsein hyminǭ aphēsei hymin«.
Again the Lord says, “Forgive one another your trespasses, so that your Father in heaven may also forgive you.”
Mark 11:25 (quotation, medium confidence) · Matt 6:14 (allusion, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The Lord commands mutual forgiveness.
- A repetition in the digital text (ἀφήσειν ὑμῖνῷ) is read as one verb.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 59.5.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:369; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-59-5-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
59.5.2Holl GCS 25/31:369
ἀλλὰ καὶ ἐν ἄλλῳ τόπῳ οὕτως φησί »καὶ πενθήσω πολλοὺς τοὺς ἐν ὑμῖν παραπεσόντας καὶ μὴ μετανοήσαντας«, ὡς δεικνὺς ὅτι εἰ καὶ παρέπεσαν καὶ μετενόησαν, εἴσδεκτοι οὗτοι γίνονται καὶ οὐκ ἀποβληθήσονται, τοῦ κυρίου γινώσκοντος τί μεθʼ ἑκπάστου ποιήσειε.
alla kai en allǭ topǭ houtōs phēsi »kai penthēsō pollous tous en hymin parapesontas kai mē metanoēsantas«, hōs deiknys hoti ei kai parepesan kai metenoēsan, eisdektoi houtoi ginontai kai ouk apoblēthēsontai, tou kyriou ginōskontos ti methʼ hekpastou poiēseie.
And in another place he says, “And I will mourn over many of you who have sinned and not repented,” as showing that if they have fallen and repented, they are admitted and will not be cast out, since the Lord knows what he will do with each.
2 Cor 12:21 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Those who fall and repent are admitted.
- Attributed to the Lord, the words are from 2 Cor 12:21.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 59.5.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:369; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-59-5-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
59.5.3Holl GCS 25/31:369
Καὶ ὄτι μὲν ὁ κανὼν τῆς ἀληθείας τοιοῦτον ἔχει τὸν χαρακτῆρα, παντί τῳ σαφές ἐστι. μετὰ γὰρ τὴν πρώτην μετάνοιαν τὴν διὰ λουτροῦ τῆς παλιγγενεσίας, ἐν ᾗ μετανοίΠα ἀνεκαινίσθη πᾶς ἄνθρωπος Δευτέρα τις τοιαύτη οὐχ ὑπάρχει.
Kai oti men ho kanōn tēs alētheias toiouton echei ton charaktēra, panti tǭ saphes esti. meta gar tēn prōtēn metanoian tēn dia loutrou tēs palingenesias, en hę̄ metanoiPa anekainisthē pas anthrōpos Deutera tis toiautē ouch hyparchei.
That the rule of truth has this character is clear to everyone. After the first repentance, through the washing of regeneration, in which repentance every person is renewed, there is no second of the same kind.
Titus 3:5 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Baptismal repentance is not repeated.
Topics: Baptism
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 59.5.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:369; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-59-5-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
59.5.4Holl GCS 25/31:369
οὔτε γὰρ δύο εἰσὶ βαπτίσματα, ἀλλʼ ἕν, οὔτε δὶς ἐσταυρώθη Χριστός, ἀλλʼ ἅπαξ, οὔτε δὶς ἀπέθανεν ὑπὲρ ἡμῶν καὶ ἀνέστη. καὶ τούτου χάρινἐπασφαλίσασθαι δεῖ, ἵνα μὴ παραπεσόντες τὸν στέφανον τοῦ ἀνακαινισμοῦ ἀπολέσωμεν.
oute gar dyo eisi baptismata, allʼ hen, oute dis estaurōthē Christos, allʼ hapax, oute dis apethanen hyper hēmōn kai anestē. kai toutou charinepasphalisasthai dei, hina mē parapesontes ton stephanon tou anakainismou apolesōmen.
For there are not two baptisms but one; nor was Christ crucified twice, but once; nor did he die for us and rise twice. And for this reason we must take care, so that we do not fall and lose the crown of renewal.
Notes and citation
Summary: One baptism, one cross; so guard against falling.
Topics: Baptism
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 59.5.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:369; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-59-5-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
59.5.5Holl GCS 25/31:369–370
ἀλλὰ ἐάν τις παραπέςῃ καὶ »προληφθῇ ἔν τινι παραπτώματι«, ὡς λέγει ὁ ἀπόστολος, »ὑμεῖς οἱ πνευματικοὶ καταρίζετε τὸν τοιοῦτον ἐν πνεύματι πρᾳότητος, σκοπῶν ἑαυτὸν, μὴ καὶ σὺ π ειρασθῇς«. ἐάν τις οὖν προληφθῇ <ἐν> παραπτώματι ἐν οἴη, μετανοείτω.
alla ean tis parapesę̄ kai »prolēphthę̄ en tini paraptōmati«, hōs legei ho apostolos, »hymeis hoi pneumatikoi katarizete ton toiouton en pneumati prąotētos, skopōn heauton, mē kai sy p eirasthę̄s«. ean tis oun prolēphthę̄ <en> paraptōmati en oiē, metanoeitō.
But if anyone falls and “is overtaken in some trespass,” as the apostle says, “you who are spiritual, restore such a one in a spirit of gentleness, looking to yourself, lest you too be tempted.” So if anyone is overtaken in whatever trespass, let him repent.
Gal 6:1 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The fallen are to be restored gently.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 59.5.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:369–370; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-59-5-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
59.5.6Holl GCS 25/31:370
δέχεται γὰρ ὁ θεὸς τὴν με τάνοιαν καὶ μετὰ τὸ βάπτισμα ἐάν τις παραπέςῃ. πῶς δὲ μετὰ τῦ τοιούτου ποιεῖ, αὐτὸς μόνος γινώσκει· »ἀνεξερεύνητα γὰρ τὰ κρίματα αὐτοῦ καὶ ἀνεκδιήγητοι αἱ ὁδοὶ αὐτοῦ«.
dechetai gar ho theos tēn me tanoian kai meta to baptisma ean tis parapesę̄. pōs de meta ty toioutou poiei, autos monos ginōskei; »anexereunēta gar ta krimata autou kai anekdiēgētoi hai hodoi autou«.
For God accepts repentance even if someone falls after baptism. How he deals with such a one, he alone knows; “for his judgments are unsearchable and his ways inexpressible.”
Rom 11:33 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: God accepts repentance after baptism.
Topics: Baptism
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 59.5.6 (Holl GCS 25/31:370; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-59-5-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
59.5.7Holl GCS 25/31:370
καὶ πρὸ τῆς παρουσίας οὐδεῖ κρίνειν »ἕως ἂν ἔλθῃ ὁ κύριος, ὃς καὶ ἀποκαλύψει τὰ κρυπτὰ τῆς καρδίας· καὶ τότε ὁ ἄπεινος ἑκάστου φανερὸς γενήσεται«. »ἡ γὰρ ἡμέρα δηλώσει ὅτι ἐν πυρὶ ἀποκλύπτεται«.
kai pro tēs parousias oudei krinein »heōs an elthę̄ ho kyrios, hos kai apokalypsei ta krypta tēs kardias; kai tote ho apeinos hekastou phaneros genēsetai«. »hē gar hēmera dēlōsei hoti en pyri apoklyptetai«.
And before the coming no one should judge, “until the Lord comes, who will also bring to light the hidden things of the heart; and then each one’s praise will become manifest.” “For the day will disclose it, because it is revealed in fire.”
1 Cor 4:5 (quotation, high confidence) · 1 Cor 3:13 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Judgment awaits the Lord’s coming.
Topics: Eschatology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 59.5.7 (Holl GCS 25/31:370; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-59-5-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 59, chapter 6
59.6.1Holl GCS 25/31:370
6. Οὔτε οὖν ἐπαγγελλόμεθα ἐλευθερίαν παντάπασι τοῖς μετὰ τὸ βάπτισμα παραπεπτωκόσιν οὔτε ἀπαγορεύομεν τὴν αὐτῶν ζωήν· θεὸς γὰρ »ἐλεήμων ἐστὶν καὶ πρῶτόν ἐστι σαφές,
6. Oute oun epangellometha eleutherian pantapasi tois meta to baptisma parapeptōkosin oute apagoreuomen tēn autōn zōēn; theos gar »eleēmōn estin kai prōton esti saphes,
So we neither promise complete freedom to those who have fallen after baptism nor forbid them life; for God “is merciful” … and the first is clear;
Notes and citation
Summary: The church neither promises impunity nor denies hope.
- The text is disturbed here; words appear to be lost.
Topics: Baptism
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 59.6.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:370; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-59-6-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
59.6.2Holl GCS 25/31:370
τὸ δὲ δεύτερον οἵδαμεν ὅτι ἐλεήμων ἐστὶν θεός, ἐὰν ἐξ ὅλης ψυχῆς μετανοήσωμεν ἀπὸ παραπτωμάτων. ἔχει γὰρ ἐν χειρὶ ζωὴν καὶ σωτηρίαν καὶ φιλανθρωπίαν. καὶ τί μὲν αὐτὸν ποιεὶ αὐτῷ μόνῳ ἔγνωσται, πλὴν ὅτι ζημίας οὐκ ἔνι ἀπὸ τῆς μετανοίας οὐδὲ ἀπηγόρευται ὁ μετανοῶν ἀπὸ πάντων σφαλμέων.
to de deuteron hoidamen hoti eleēmōn estin theos, ean ex holēs psychēs metanoēsōmen apo paraptōmatōn. echei gar en cheiri zōēn kai sōtērian kai philanthrōpian. kai ti men auton poiei autǭ monǭ egnōstai, plēn hoti zēmias ouk eni apo tēs metanoias oude apēgoreutai ho metanoōn apo pantōn sphalmeōn.
and the second: we know that God is merciful, if we repent of our transgressions with our whole soul. For he holds life and salvation and love for mankind in his hand. What he does is known to him alone, except that there is no loss from repentance, nor is the one who repents of any faults whatever shut out.
Notes and citation
Summary: God is merciful to those who repent wholeheartedly.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 59.6.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:370; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-59-6-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
59.6.3Holl GCS 25/31:370–371
πόςῳ γε μᾶλλον ὁ κατὰ νόμον συναφθεὶς δυτέρᾳ γυναικί; καὶ ἡ μὲν πρώτη γυνὴ ἐκ θεοῦ τεταγμένη, ἡ δὲ Δευτέρα ἐξ άσθενείας ἀνθρώπων, καὶ ἔτι περισσοτέρᾳ εἰ συναφθείη, τὸ ἀσθενὲς ἀεὶ δια βαστάζεται. φησὶ γάρ »γυνὴ δέδεται νόμῳ ἐφʼ ὅσον χρόνον ζῇ ὁ ἀνὴρ αὐτῆς. εὰν δὲ ἀποθάνῃ ὁ ἀνήρ, ἐλευθέρα ἐστὶν ᾧ θέλει γαμηθῆναι, <μόνον ἐν κυρίῳ>«. ἀποφηνάμενος μετὰ τελευτὴν ἀνδρὸς τὸ έλεύθερον ἀπὸ ἁμαρτίαςς χωρὶς πάσης ἀντιλογίας, διὰ τῆς προσθ ήκης σημαίνει * τῷ »ἐν κυρίῳ«·
posǭ ge mallon ho kata nomon synaphtheis dyterą gynaiki? kai hē men prōtē gynē ek theou tetagmenē, hē de Deutera ex astheneias anthrōpōn, kai eti perissoterą ei synaphtheiē, to asthenes aei dia bastazetai. phēsi gar »gynē dedetai nomǭ ephʼ hoson chronon zę̄ ho anēr autēs. ean de apothanę̄ ho anēr, eleuthera estin hǭ thelei gamēthēnai, <monon en kyriǭ>«. apophēnamenos meta teleutēn andros to eleutheron apo hamartiass chōris pasēs antilogias, dia tēs prosth ēkēs sēmainei * tǭ »en kyriǭ«;
How much more one who has been lawfully joined to a second wife! The first wife is appointed by God, the second comes from human weakness; and even if one is joined to more, weakness is always borne with. For it says, “A wife is bound by law as long as her husband lives; but if the husband dies, she is free to be married to whom she wishes, only in the Lord.” Having declared that after a husband’s death there is freedom from sin without any dispute, by the addition … “in the Lord” he signifies
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
1 Cor 7:39 (quotation, high confidence) · Rom 7:2 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: A lawful second marriage is borne with; Paul allows a widow to remarry “in the Lord.”
- The edition marks a gap (*). A conflation of Rom 7:2 and 1 Cor 7:39.
Topics: Remarriage, Marriage, Divorce and remarriage
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 59.6.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:370–371; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-59-6-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
59.6.5Holl GCS 25/31:371
ὡς οὐκ εἶναι αὐτὴν ἀλλοτρίαν κυρίου τὴν μετὰ τελευτὴν ἀνδρὸς συναπτομένην ἄλλ}ω ἀνδρὶ ὴ τὸν μετὰ τελευτὴν γυναικὸς συναπτόμενον δυτέρᾳ γυναικί »μόνον ἐν κυρίῳ«, ὡς λέγει ὁ ἀπόστολος. καὶ φησι <μέν> »μακαριωτέρα δέ ἐστιν,
hōs ouk einai autēn allotrian kyriou tēn meta teleutēn andros synaptomenēn all}ō andri ē ton meta teleutēn gynaikos synaptomenon dyterą gynaiki »monon en kyriǭ«, hōs legei ho apostolos. kai phēsi <men> »makariōtera de estin,
that she who after her husband’s death is joined to another husband, or he who after his wife’s death is joined to a second wife, “only in the Lord,” as the apostle says, is not alien from the Lord. And he says indeed, “But she is more blessed
1 Cor 7:39 (quotation, high confidence) · 1 Cor 7:40 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Remarriage after a spouse’s death is “in the Lord.”
Topics: Remarriage, Divorce and remarriage
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 59.6.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:371; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-59-6-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
59.6.6Holl GCS 25/31:371
ἐὰν μείνῃ οὕτως«, * τὸ δέ »ἐν κυρίῳ« τουτέστιν τὸ μὴ ἐν πορνείᾳ μὴ ἐν μοιχείᾶ μὴ ἐν κλεψιγαμία, ἀλλʼ ἐν εὐνομίᾳ ἐν παρρησίᾳ ἐν σεμνῷ γάμῳ, ἐπιμένοντα ἐν τῇ πίστει ἐν ταῖς ἐντολαῖς ἐν εὐποιίαις ἐν εὐλαβείᾳ ἐν νηστείαις ἐν εὐνομίᾳ ἐν ἐλεημοσύναις ἐν σπουσῇ ἐν ἀγαθοεργίᾳ.
ean meinę̄ houtōs«, * to de »en kyriǭ« toutestin to mē en porneią mē en moicheia mē en klepsigamia, allʼ en eunomią en parrēsią en semnǭ gamǭ, epimenonta en tę̄ pistei en tais entolais en eupoiiais en eulabeią en nēsteiais en eunomią en eleēmosynais en spousę̄ en agathoergią.
if she remains as she is.” … And “in the Lord” means not in sexual immorality, not in adultery, not in a clandestine marriage, but in good order, openly, in an honorable marriage, continuing in the faith, in the commandments, in good works, in piety, in fasts, in good order, in almsgiving, in zeal, in doing good.
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
1 Cor 7:40 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: “In the Lord” means an honorable marriage and a godly life.
- The edition marks a gap (*).
Topics: Remarriage, Marriage, Divorce and remarriage
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 59.6.6 (Holl GCS 25/31:371; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-59-6-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
59.6.7Holl GCS 25/31:371
ταῦτα γὰρ συνόντα καὶ παραμένοντα οὐκ ἀργοὺς οὐδὲ ἀκάρους καθίστησιν εἰς τὴν τοπυ κυρίου παρουσίαν.
tauta gar synonta kai paramenonta ouk argous oude akarous kathistēsin eis tēn topy kyriou parousian.
For these things, present and remaining, make them neither idle nor unfruitful for the coming of the Lord.
2 Pet 1:8 (allusion, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Such virtues prepare for the Lord’s coming.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 59.6.7 (Holl GCS 25/31:371; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-59-6-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
59.6.8Holl GCS 25/31:371
Καὶ τῇ μὲν ἱερωσύνῃ τὸ πρῶτον τάγμα καὶ ἡ περὶ πάντων ἀκριβολογία τῷ δὲ λαῷ τὸ σύμμετρον καὶ τὸ σύγγνωστον, ἵνα πάντες διδάσκωνται καὶ κατελεῶνται.
Kai tę̄ men hierōsynę̄ to prōton tagma kai hē peri pantōn akribologia tǭ de laǭ to symmetron kai to syngnōston, hina pantes didaskōntai kai kateleōntai.
To the priesthood belongs the first rank and strictness in all things; to the laity, what is moderate and pardonable, so that all may be taught and receive mercy.
Notes and citation
Summary: Strictness for clergy, leniency for laity.
Topics: Church office
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 59.6.8 (Holl GCS 25/31:371; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-59-6-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
59.6.9Holl GCS 25/31:371–372
ἐλεήμων γάρ ἐστιν ὁ δεσπότης καὶ δυνατὸς πάντας σῲζειν τῇ ἰδίαᾳ αὐτῶν εὐνομίᾳ τε καὶ ἀληθινῇ πίστει τῆς τοῦ κηρύγματος καθαρότητος. αὐτὸς γὰρ μόνος ἐστὶ καθαρός.
eleēmōn gar estin ho despotēs kai dynatos pantas sǭzein tę̄ idiaą autōn eunomią te kai alēthinę̄ pistei tēs tou kērygmatos katharotētos. autos gar monos esti katharos.
For the Master is merciful and able to save all by their own good order and true faith in the purity of the proclamation. For he alone is pure.
Notes and citation
Summary: Only God is pure; he saves by mercy.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 59.6.9 (Holl GCS 25/31:371–372; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-59-6-9). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
59.6.10Holl GCS 25/31:372
οὗτοι δὲ ἑαυτοὺς φήσαντες Καθαροὺς ἀπʼ αὐτῆς τῆς ὑποθέσεως ἀκαθάρτους ἑαυτοὺς ἀποτελοῦσι· πᾶς γὰρ ὁ καθαρὸν ἑαυτὸν ἀποφήνας ἀκάθαρτον ἑαυτὸν τελείως κατέκρινε.
houtoi de heautous phēsantes Katharous apʼ autēs tēs hypotheseōs akathartous heautous apotelousi; pas gar ho katharon heauton apophēnas akatharton heauton teleiōs katekrine.
But these, calling themselves Pure, by that very claim make themselves impure; for everyone who declares himself pure has fully condemned himself as impure.
Notes and citation
Summary: Claiming purity proves impurity.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 59.6.10 (Holl GCS 25/31:372; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-59-6-10). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 59, chapter 7
59.7.1Holl GCS 25/31:372
7. Πολλὴ δὲ ἄνοια τῶν τοιούτων νομιζόντων διὰ ἕν΄τι, εἰ καὶ ἦν ἀληθές, περὶ παντὸς τοῦ λαοῦ τὸ κρίμα οὕτως φέρειν. ἔδει δὲ γνῶναι ὅτι οὐ περὶ τῆς ὑποθέσεως ταύτης μόνον τὸ ἔγκλημα ὁπάρχει πάςῃ ψυχῇ
7. Pollē de anoia tōn toioutōn nomizontōn dia hen΄ti, ei kai ēn alēthes, peri pantos tou laou to krima houtōs pherein. edei de gnōnai hoti ou peri tēs hypotheseōs tautēs monon to enklēma hoparchei pasę̄ psychę̄
Great is the folly of such people, who think that because of one thing, even if it were true, they can pass judgment in this way on the whole people. They should have known that the charge against every soul concerns not this matter alone,
Notes and citation
Summary: One rule does not make a whole people pure.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 59.7.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:372; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-59-7-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
59.7.2Holl GCS 25/31:372
ἢ [τὸ] διὰ τούτου ἐνάρετον γενέσθαι <ἔστι> μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ τῷ μὴ λοιδορεῖν, μη ὀμνύναι ὅρκον μήτε ἐν ἀληθείᾳ μήτε ἐν ψεύδει, ἀλλὰ »ναὶ ναί«καὶ »οὒ οὒ« λέγειν, μὴ δολιεύεσθαι μὴ διαβάλλειν μὴ κλέπτειν μὴ ἐμπορεύεσθαι.
ē [to] dia toutou enareton genesthai <esti> monon, alla kai tǭ mē loidorein, mē omnynai horkon mēte en alētheią mēte en pseudei, alla »nai nai«kai »ou ou« legein, mē dolieuesthai mē diaballein mē kleptein mē emporeuesthai.
nor is virtue achieved by this alone, but also by not reviling, not swearing an oath either truly or falsely, but saying “yes, yes” and “no, no,” not deceiving, not slandering, not stealing, not trading.
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Matt 5:37 (quotation, high confidence) · Matt 5:34 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Virtue requires many commandments, not one.
- The editor deletes τό.
Topics: Ethics
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 59.7.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:372; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-59-7-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
59.7.3Holl GCS 25/31:372
ἐκ τούτων γὰρ πάντων συνάγεται ἡμῖν τὰ ῥύπη τῶν ἁμαρτημάτων· »ὡς, γάρ φησίν, ὁ πάσσαλος ἀνὰ μέσον δύο λίθων συντριβήσεται, οὕτως ἡ ἁμαρτία ἀνὰ μέσον ἀγοράζοντος καὶ πωλοῦντος«.
ek toutōn gar pantōn synagetai hēmin ta rhypē tōn hamartēmatōn; »hōs, gar phēsin, ho passalos ana meson dyo lithōn syntribēsetai, houtōs hē hamartia ana meson agorazontos kai pōlountos«.
For from all these the stains of sins are gathered to us: “For as a stake,” it says, “will be crushed between two stones, so is sin between buyer and seller.”
Notes and citation
Summary: Sirach on sin in buying and selling.
- Sir 27:2.
Extrabiblical texts: Sir 27:2 (Sirach [in RC, EO, ETH canons]; quotation)
Topics: Ethics
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 59.7.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:372; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-59-7-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
59.7.4Holl GCS 25/31:372
καὶ ὅτι ἐκ τοῦ πλήθους πάντὸς <τινὲς> καὶ μέθυσοι καὶ ἔμποροι καὶ πλενεέκται καὶ τοκισταὶ *, καὶ πάντως ὅτι <καὶ αὐτοὶ> τὰ τοιαῦτα ἔχουσι καὶ τὰ τούτοις ὅμοις, <καὶ> ὅτι καὶ ψεύσματα ἑκάστῳ αὐτῶν παρακολουθεῖ.
kai hoti ek tou plēthous pantos <tines> kai methysoi kai emporoi kai pleneektai kai tokistai *, kai pantōs hoti <kai autoi> ta toiauta echousi kai ta toutois homois, <kai> hoti kai pseusmata hekastǭ autōn parakolouthei.
And out of their whole number some are drunkards, traders, greedy, and moneylenders …, and certainly they too have such faults and the like, and lies attend each of them.
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Notes and citation
Summary: The Novatians too have sinners among them.
- The edition marks a gap (*).
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 59.7.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:372; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-59-7-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
59.7.5Holl GCS 25/31:372
πῶς οὖν δύνανται ἑαυτοὺς Καθαροὺς ἀποκαλεῖν, <ὡς> διὰ τῆς μιᾶς ὑποθέσεως τῆς πάσης κατὰ θεὸν πραγματείας περὶ πάντων τῶν σφαλμάτων ἀσφαλιζομένης; οὐκ ἔγνωσαν δὲ οὗτοι τὰ ἀκριβῆ τοῦ κηρύγματος αὐδὲ τίνι ἀφώρισε τὸ ἀκρίβασμα τοῦτο τῆς διγαμίας.
pōs oun dynantai heautous Katharous apokalein, <hōs> dia tēs mias hypotheseōs tēs pasēs kata theon pragmateias peri pantōn tōn sphalmatōn asphalizomenēs? ouk egnōsan de houtoi ta akribē tou kērygmatos aude tini aphōrise to akribasma touto tēs digamias.
How then can they call themselves Pure, as if by the one matter the whole godly life were secured against all faults? They have not known the precision of the proclamation, nor to whom this strictness about a second marriage was limited.
Notes and citation
Summary: They misapply the rule on second marriage.
Topics: Heresy, Remarriage, Divorce and remarriage
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 59.7.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:372; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-59-7-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
59.7.6Holl GCS 25/31:372
Ἀλλὰ καὶ οἱ ἀπὸ τοῦ διωγμοῦ παραπεπτωκότες καὶ αὐτοὶ ἐὰν ἐνδείζωνται τε λείαν τὴν μετάνοιαν, ἐν σάκκῳ καὶ σποδῷ καθεσθέντες καὶ κλαύσαντες ἐνώπιον κυρίου, δυνατός ἐστιν ὁ εὐεργέτης καὶ αὐτοὺς ἐλεῆσαι· οὐ γάρ τι φαῦλον γίνεται ἀπὸ μετανοίας.
Alla kai hoi apo tou diōgmou parapeptōkotes kai autoi ean endeizōntai te leian tēn metanoian, en sakkǭ kai spodǭ kathesthentes kai klausantes enōpion kyriou, dynatos estin ho euergetēs kai autous eleēsai; ou gar ti phaulon ginetai apo metanoias.
And those too who fell in the persecution, if they show perfect repentance, sitting in sackcloth and ashes and weeping before the Lord, the Benefactor is able to have mercy on them also; for nothing bad comes from repentance.
Notes and citation
Summary: The lapsed who repent can find mercy.
Topics: Persecution
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 59.7.6 (Holl GCS 25/31:372; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-59-7-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
59.7.7Holl GCS 25/31:372
δέχεται μὲν οὖν τοὺς μετανοοῦντας ὁ κύριος καὶ ἡ αὐτοῦ ἐκκλησία, ὡς ἐπέστρεψε Μανασσῆς ὁ υἱὸς Ἐζεκίου καὶ ἐδέχθη ὑπὸ κυρίου, καὶ ὁ ἀρνησάμενος πρὸς ὥραν ἅγιος Πέρτος καὶ κορυφαίοτατος τῶν ἀποστόλων,
dechetai men oun tous metanoountas ho kyrios kai hē autou ekklēsia, hōs epestrepse Manassēs ho huios Ezekiou kai edechthē hypo kyriou, kai ho arnēsamenos pros hōran hagios Pertos kai koryphaiotatos tōn apostolōn,
So the Lord and his church accept those who repent, as Manasseh the son of Hezekiah turned back and was accepted by the Lord, and holy Peter, the chief of the apostles, who denied for a moment,
2 Chr 33:12 (allusion, high confidence) · 2 Chr 33:13 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Manasseh and Peter show repentance is accepted.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 59.7.7 (Holl GCS 25/31:372; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-59-7-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
59.7.8Holl GCS 25/31:372–373
ὃς γέγονεν ἡμῖν ἀληθῶς στερεὰ πέτρα θεμελιοῦσα τὴν΄πίστιν τοῦ κυρίου, ἐφʼ ᾗ ῲκοδόμηται ἡ ἐκκλησία κατὰ πάντα τρόπον·
hos gegonen hēmin alēthōs sterea petra themeliousa tēn΄pistin tou kyriou, ephʼ hę̄ ǭkodomētai hē ekklēsia kata panta tropon;
who has truly become for us a solid rock founding the faith of the Lord, on which the church has been built in every way:
Matt 16:18 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Peter is a rock founding the faith.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 59.7.8 (Holl GCS 25/31:372–373; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-59-7-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
59.7.9Holl GCS 25/31:373
πρῶτον μὲν ὅτι ὡμολόγησε »Χριστὸν υἱὸν τοῦ θεοῦ τοῦ ζῶντος«, καὶ ἤκουσεν ὅτι »ἐπὶ τῇ πέτρᾳ ταύτῃ τῆς ἀσφαλοῦς πίστεως οἰκοδομήσω ὅτι ἐκκλησίαν«, ἐπειδὴ σαφῶς αὐτὸν ὡμολόγησεν υἱὸν ἀληθινόν. τῷ γὰρ εἰπεῖν υἱὸν θεοῦ ζῶντος μετὰ προσθήκης »τοῦ ζῶντος« ἔδειξεν υἱὸν γνήσιον εἶναι, ὡς ἑν πάςῃ μοι σχεδὸν αἱρέσει περὶ τούτου εἴρηται.
prōton men hoti hōmologēse »Christon huion tou theou tou zōntos«, kai ēkousen hoti »epi tę̄ petrą tautę̄ tēs asphalous pisteōs oikodomēsō hoti ekklēsian«, epeidē saphōs auton hōmologēsen huion alēthinon. tǭ gar eipein huion theou zōntos meta prosthēkēs »tou zōntos« edeixen huion gnēsion einai, hōs hen pasę̄ moi schedon hairesei peri toutou eirētai.
first, because he confessed “Christ, the Son of the living God,” and heard, “On this rock of sure faith I will build my church,” since he clearly confessed him as true Son. For in saying “Son of God” with the addition “living,” he showed him to be a genuine Son, as I have said about this in almost every heresy.
Matt 16:16 (quotation, high confidence) · Matt 16:18 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Peter’s confession of the Son is the rock of the church.
- “Of sure faith” is Epiphanius’s gloss inside the quotation.
Topics: Christology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 59.7.9 (Holl GCS 25/31:373; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-59-7-9). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 59, chapter 8
59.8.1Holl GCS 25/31:373
8. ἀλλὰ καὶ περὶ τοῦ ἁγίου πνεύματος ὁ αὐτὸς ἀσφαλίζεται ἡμᾶς, λέγων τοῖς περὶ Ἀνανίαν· »τί ὅτι ἐπείρασεν ὑμᾶς ὁ σατανᾶς ψεύσασθαι τὸ ἅγιον πνεῦμα; οὐκ ἀνθρώπῳ ἐψεύσασθε, ἀλλὰ θεῷ«, διότι ἐκ θεοῦ τὸ πνεῦμα καὶ οὐκ ἀλλότριον θεοῦ.
8. alla kai peri tou hagiou pneumatos ho autos asphalizetai hēmas, legōn tois peri Ananian; »ti hoti epeirasen hymas ho satanas pseusasthai to hagion pneuma? ouk anthrōpǭ epseusasthe, alla theǭ«, dioti ek theou to pneuma kai ouk allotrion theou.
He also makes us sure about the Holy Spirit, saying to Ananias and those with him, “Why has Satan tempted you to lie to the Holy Spirit? You have not lied to man but to God,” because the Spirit is from God and not alien to God.
Acts 5:3 (quotation, high confidence) · Acts 5:4 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Peter shows the Spirit is God.
- A free combination of Acts 5:3–4 and 5:9.
Topics: Trinity
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 59.8.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:373; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-59-8-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
59.8.2Holl GCS 25/31:373
ἀλλὰ καὶ ἐνταῦθα στερεὰ πέτρα οἰκοδομὴς καὶ θεμέλις οἴκου θεοῦ γεγένηται, ἐν τῷ ἀρνησάμενον αὐτὸν καὶ πάλιν ἐπιστρέψαντα εὑρεθέντα τε ὑπὸ κυρίου καταξιωθῆναι πάλιν ἀκοῦσαι »ποίμαινε τὰ ἀρνία μου καὶ ποίμαινε τὰ πρόβατά μου«.
alla kai entautha sterea petra oikodomēs kai themelis oikou theou gegenētai, en tǭ arnēsamenon auton kai palin epistrepsanta heurethenta te hypo kyriou kataxiōthēnai palin akousai »poimaine ta arnia mou kai poimaine ta probata mou«.
And here too he has become a solid rock of building and a foundation of God’s house, in that, having denied and turned back again and been found by the Lord, he was counted worthy to hear again, “Feed my lambs, and feed my sheep.”
John 21:15 (quotation, high confidence) · John 21:16 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Peter was restored after denial.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 59.8.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:373; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-59-8-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
59.8.3Holl GCS 25/31:373
ὁ γὰρ Χριστὸς ταῦτα λέγων εἰς ἐπιστροφὴν ἡμᾶς ἤγαγε μετανοίας, ἵνα ἐν αὐτῷ πάλιν οἰκοδομηθείη ἡ ευθεμελίωτος πίστις, ἡ μὴ ἀπαγορεύουσα ζωὴν τῶν ἀνθρώπων, ὅσοι ἐμπνέουσι τῷ βίῳ καὶ μετανοοῦσιν ἐν ἀληθείᾳ καὶ διορθοῦνται τὰ ἑαυτῶν σφάλματα ἐν τῷ αἰῶνι τούτῳ.
ho gar Christos tauta legōn eis epistrophēn hēmas ēgage metanoias, hina en autǭ palin oikodomētheiē hē euthemeliōtos pistis, hē mē apagoreuousa zōēn tōn anthrōpōn, hosoi empneousi tǭ biǭ kai metanoousin en alētheią kai diorthountai ta heautōn sphalmata en tǭ aiōni toutǭ.
For in saying this Christ brought us to the turning of repentance, so that in him the well-founded faith might be built again, which does not forbid life to men, so long as they breathe in this life and truly repent and correct their faults in this age.
Notes and citation
Summary: Peter’s restoration shows repentance is open in this life.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 59.8.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:373; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-59-8-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 59, chapter 9
59.9.1Holl GCS 25/31:373
9. Ὡς καὶ ἐν τῷ ᾄσματι τῶν ᾀσμάτων ἔφη αὐτὴ ἡ νύμφη πρὸς τὸν νυμφίον λέγουσα »ἀποκρίνεται ὁ ἀδελφιδοῦς μου καὶ λέγει μοι· ἀάσταἐλθέ, [ἡ] πληρίον μου, μαλή μου, περιστερά μου, ὅτι ὁ χειμὼν παρῆλθεν«, τὰ στυγερά τε καὶ ζοφώδη τῆς συννεφίας καὶ φοβερώτατα * ὡς εἰπεῖν * παρῆλθεν, »»ο ὑετὸς ἀπῆλθεν, ἐπορεύθη ἑαυτῷ.
9. Hōs kai en tǭ ąsmati tōn ąsmatōn ephē autē hē nymphē pros ton nymphion legousa »apokrinetai ho adelphidous mou kai legei moi; aastaelthe, [hē] plērion mou, malē mou, peristera mou, hoti ho cheimōn parēlthen«, ta stygera te kai zophōdē tēs synnephias kai phoberōtata * hōs eipein * parēlthen, »»o hyetos apēlthen, eporeuthē heautǭ.
As in the Song of Songs the bride herself spoke to the bridegroom, saying, “My beloved answers and says to me, Arise, come, my neighbor, my fair one, my dove, for the winter is past” — the hateful and gloomy and most fearful things of the cloud, … so to speak …, have passed — “the rain is gone, it has departed;
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Song 2:10 (quotation, high confidence) · Song 2:11 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Song of Songs 2 is applied to the call to repentance.
- The edition marks gaps (*); the editor deletes ἡ.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 59.9.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:373; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-59-9-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
59.9.2Holl GCS 25/31:373
τὰ ἄνθη ὤφθη ἐν τῇ γῇ ἡμῶν, καιρὸς τῆς τομῆς ἔφθακε, φωὴν τῆς τρυγόνος ἠκούσθη ἐν τῇ γῇ ἡμῶν. ἡ συκῆ ἐξήνεγκε τοῦς ὀλύνθους αὐτῆς, αἱ ἄμπελοι ἡμῶν κυπρίζουσιν, ἔδωκαν ὀσμήν«·
ta anthē ōphthē en tę̄ gę̄ hēmōn, kairos tēs tomēs ephthake, phōēn tēs trygonos ēkousthē en tę̄ gę̄ hēmōn. hē sykē exēnenke tous olynthous autēs, hai ampeloi hēmōn kyprizousin, edōkan osmēn«;
the flowers have appeared in our land, the time of pruning has come, the voice of the turtledove has been heard in our land; the fig tree has put forth its early figs, our vines are in blossom, they have given fragrance”;
Song 2:12 (quotation, high confidence) · Song 2:13 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The quotation continues with spring imagery.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 59.9.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:373; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-59-9-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
59.9.3Holl GCS 25/31:373–374
ἵνα δείξῃ πάντα τὰ παρωχημένα παρε; θόντα, ἔαρος δὲ ἄρτι ἀνθοῦντος καὶ θαλάσσης γαληνιώσης τε καὶ φόβου τοῦ ὑετοῦ διεθόντος καὶ τῶν παλαιῶν τῆς ἀμπέλου* τετμημένων καὶ τὴς πόας μηκέτι ποαξούσης μόνον,
hina deixę̄ panta ta parōchēmena pare? thonta, earos de arti anthountos kai thalassēs galēniōsēs te kai phobou tou hyetou diethontos kai tōn palaiōn tēs ampelou* tetmēmenōn kai tēs poas mēketi poaxousēs monon,
to show that all that is past has gone by, and spring is now in flower, the sea is calm, the fear of the rain has passed, the old growth of the vine … has been cut away, and the grass no longer only grows green,
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Notes and citation
Summary: The past has gone and spring has come.
- The edition marks a gap (*).
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 59.9.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:373–374; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-59-9-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
59.9.4Holl GCS 25/31:374
ἀλλὰ καὶ ἄνθη ἐχβαλλοίσης καὶ τοῦ κηρύγματος τῆς φωνπης ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ βοώσης τουτέστιν ἐν τῇ γῇ ἡμῶν καὶ συκῆς τῆς ποτε καταραθείσης ἐκβαλλούσης τοὺς ὀλύνθουσ, τοὺς καρποὺς τὴς μετανοίας ἥδη ἐπὶ τοῖς κλώνεσι καὶ δένδρεσι φαινομένους, ἀμπέλουσ δὲ ἥδη κυπριζοίσας τὸ εουδμον τῆς τοῦ εὐαγγελίου πίστεως κήρυγμα.
alla kai anthē echballoisēs kai tou kērygmatos tēs phōnpēs en tę̄ erēmǭ boōsēs toutestin en tę̄ gę̄ hēmōn kai sykēs tēs pote kataratheisēs ekballousēs tous olynthous, tous karpous tēs metanoias hēdē epi tois klōnesi kai dendresi phainomenous, ampelous de hēdē kyprizoisas to eoudmon tēs tou euangeliou pisteōs kērygma.
but also puts forth flowers, and the proclamation of the voice crying in the wilderness, that is, in our land, and the fig tree once cursed puts forth its early figs, the fruits of repentance now appearing on the branches and trees, and the vines now blossom with the fragrant proclamation of the faith of the gospel.
Isa 40:3 (allusion, high confidence) · Matt 21:19 (allusion, medium confidence) · Matt 3:8 (allusion, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The images are read as the gospel and repentance.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 59.9.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:374; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-59-9-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
59.9.5Holl GCS 25/31:374
ἐπειδὴ δὲ εὐθὺς κέκληκε τὴν τοιαύτην καὶ εἶπεν »ἀνάστα ἐλθέ«, * ἀνάστα ἀπὸ νεκρότητος ἁμαρτημάτων καὶ ἐλθὲ ἐν δικαιοσύνῃ, ἀνάστα ἀπὰ παραπτώματος καὶ ἐλθὲ ἐν παρρησίᾳ, ἀνάστα ἀπὸ ἁμαρτιῶν καὶ ἐλθὲ ἐν μετανοίᾳ, ἀνάστα ἀπὸ παραλύσεως καὶ ἐλθὲ ἐν τελειότητι, ἀνάστα ἀπὸ λωβήσεως καὶ ἐλθὲ ἐν ὑγείᾳ, ἀνάστα ἀπὸ ἀπιστίας καὶ ἐλθὲ ἐν μετανοίᾳ, ἀνάστα ἀπὸ ἀπωλείας καὶ ἐλθὲ ἐν εὑρέσει.
epeidē de euthys keklēke tēn toiautēn kai eipen »anasta elthe«, * anasta apo nekrotētos hamartēmatōn kai elthe en dikaiosynę̄, anasta apa paraptōmatos kai elthe en parrēsią, anasta apo hamartiōn kai elthe en metanoią, anasta apo paralyseōs kai elthe en teleiotēti, anasta apo lōbēseōs kai elthe en hygeią, anasta apo apistias kai elthe en metanoią, anasta apo apōleias kai elthe en heuresei.
And since he at once called her and said, “Arise, come,” … arise from the deadness of sins and come in righteousness; arise from transgression and come in confidence; arise from sins and come in repentance; arise from paralysis and come in perfection; arise from mutilation and come in health; arise from unbelief and come in repentance; arise from perdition and come in being found.
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Song 2:10 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: “Arise, come” is a call from sin to repentance.
- The edition marks a gap (*).
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 59.9.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:374; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-59-9-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
59.9.6Holl GCS 25/31:374
ἐπειδὴ δὲ ἥδει τὸ θεῖον λόγιον ὅτι μετὰ πρώτην μετάνοιαν καὶ μετὰ τὴν πρώτην κλπησιν καὶ ἴασιν, ὡς εἰπεῖν, συμβαίνει τῇ ἀνθρωπότητι πολλὰ παραπτώματα, πάλιν λέγει »ἀνάστα ἐλθέν, ἡ πλησίον μου, καλή μου, περιστερά μου, καὶ ἐλθέ, σὺ περιστερά μου«.
epeidē de hēdei to theion logion hoti meta prōtēn metanoian kai meta tēn prōtēn klpēsin kai iasin, hōs eipein, symbainei tę̄ anthrōpotēti polla paraptōmata, palin legei »anasta elthen, hē plēsion mou, kalē mou, peristera mou, kai elthe, sy peristera mou«.
And since the divine oracle knew that after the first repentance, and after the first call and healing, so to speak, many transgressions befall humankind, it says again, “Arise, come, my neighbor, my fair one, my dove, and come, you my dove.”
Song 2:13 (quotation, high confidence) · Song 2:14 (allusion, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: A second call answers sins after the first.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 59.9.6 (Holl GCS 25/31:374; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-59-9-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
59.9.7Holl GCS 25/31:374
δεύτερον ταύτην καλεῖ καὶ οὐχ ἅπαξ. τὸ δὲ δεύτερον οὐκ ἴσον τῷ πρώτῳ. φησὶ γὰρ ἐν τῇ προτέρᾳ κλήσει οὕτως »ἀνάστα ἐλθέ, [ἡ] πλησίον μου, καλή μου, περιστερά μου«. τὸ μὲν πρῶτον »ἀνάστα ἐλθέ«, καὶ οὐκ εἶπεν »ἐλθὲ σύ«.
deuteron tautēn kalei kai ouch hapax. to de deuteron ouk ison tǭ prōtǭ. phēsi gar en tę̄ proterą klēsei houtōs »anasta elthe, [hē] plēsion mou, kalē mou, peristera mou«. to men prōton »anasta elthe«, kai ouk eipen »elthe sy«.
He calls her a second time, not once. But the second is not equal to the first. For in the earlier call he says, “Arise, come, my neighbor, my fair one, my dove.” The first is “Arise, come,” and he did not say, “Come, you.”
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Song 2:10 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The second call differs from the first.
- The editor deletes ἡ.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 59.9.7 (Holl GCS 25/31:374; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-59-9-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
59.9.8Holl GCS 25/31:374
καὶ τὸ δεύτερον προστίθησι τὸ ἄρθρον, ἴνα δείξῃ κλῆσιν οὐ δευτέραν, παρηλλαγμένην μετὰ τὴν πρώτην, ἀλλὰ ἐν τῇ πρώτῃ ἀπὸ παραπτωματων πάλιν ὀρεγομένην χεῖρα ἐπιδέξειον καὶ ἐπουράνοιν φιλονθρωπίας.
kai to deuteron prostithēsi to arthron, ina deixę̄ klēsin ou deuteran, parēllagmenēn meta tēn prōtēn, alla en tę̄ prōtę̄ apo paraptōmatōn palin oregomenēn cheira epidexeion kai epouranoin philonthrōpias.
And the second time he adds the article, to show a call not second and different after the first, but within the first, again stretching out a right hand of heavenly love for mankind after transgressions.
Notes and citation
Summary: The second call extends the first mercy.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 59.9.8 (Holl GCS 25/31:374; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-59-9-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
59.9.9Holl GCS 25/31:374–375
»καὶ ἐλθέ« φησί »<σὺ> περιστερά μου ἐν σκέπῃ τῆς πέτρας, ἐχόμενα τοῦ· προτειχίσματος«· »ἐν δκέπῃ πέ- τρας« <τουτέστιν< ἐν φιλανθρωπίᾳ Χριστοῦ καὶ ἐν ἐλέει κυρίου· τοῦτο γάρ ἐστιν σκέπη πέτρας, σκέπη ἐλπίδος καὶ πίστεως καὶ ἀληθείας.
»kai elthe« phēsi »<sy> peristera mou en skepę̄ tēs petras, echomena tou; proteichismatos«; »en dkepę̄ pe- tras« <toutestin< en philanthrōpią Christou kai en eleei kyriou; touto gar estin skepē petras, skepē elpidos kai pisteōs kai alētheias.
“And come,” he says, “you my dove, in the shelter of the rock, close to the outer wall.” “In the shelter of the rock,” that is, in the love of Christ and the mercy of the Lord; for this is the shelter of the rock, the shelter of hope, faith and truth.
Song 2:14 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The rock’s shelter is Christ’s mercy.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 59.9.9 (Holl GCS 25/31:374–375; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-59-9-9). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
59.9.10Holl GCS 25/31:375
»ἐχόμενα τοῦ προτειχίσματος«, τουτέστιν πρὶν ἢ κλεισθῆναι τὴν πύλην, πρὶν ἢ εἴσω περιβόλων γενόμενος ὁ βασιλεὺς μηκέτι εἰσδέξηται, τουτέστιν μετὰ τὴν ἐντεῦθεν ἀπαλλαγήν τε καὶ θάνατον, ὅτε οὐκέτι »ἐχόμενα τοῦ προτεισχίσματος«, ἀλλὰ ἀπεκλείσθησαν αἱ πύλαι καὶ οὐκέτι ἔνι διορθώσασθαι.
»echomena tou proteichismatos«, toutestin prin ē kleisthēnai tēn pylēn, prin ē eisō peribolōn genomenos ho basileus mēketi eisdexētai, toutestin meta tēn enteuthen apallagēn te kai thanaton, hote ouketi »echomena tou proteischismatos«, alla apekleisthēsan hai pylai kai ouketi eni diorthōsasthai.
“Close to the outer wall,” that is, before the gate is shut, before the King, having gone inside the walls, no longer receives anyone; that is, after departure from here and death, when it is no longer “close to the outer wall,” but the gates are shut and there is no longer any correction.
Song 2:14 (quotation, high confidence) · Matt 25:10 (allusion, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Repentance is possible only before death.
Topics: Eschatology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 59.9.10 (Holl GCS 25/31:375; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-59-9-10). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 59, chapter 10
59.10.1Holl GCS 25/31:375
10. Ἐν γὰρ τῷ μέλλοντι αἰῶνι, μετὰ τὴν τοῦ ἀνθρώπου ἐντεῦθεν ἀπαλλαγὴν οὐ νηστείας πορισμὸς οὐ μετανοίας κλήσις οὐκ | ἐλεημοσύνης ἐπίσοσις, ἀλλʼ οὕτε ἐγκλημάτων ἔργα οὐ όλεμος οὐ μοιχεία οὐκ ἀσέλγεια, ἀλλʼ οὔτε δικαιοσύνη καὶ μετάνοια.
10. En gar tǭ mellonti aiōni, meta tēn tou anthrōpou enteuthen apallagēn ou nēsteias porismos ou metanoias klēsis ouk | eleēmosynēs episosis, allʼ houte enklēmatōn erga ou olemos ou moicheia ouk aselgeia, allʼ oute dikaiosynē kai metanoia.
For in the age to come, after a person’s departure from here, there is no gaining by fasting, no call to repentance, no giving of alms; but neither are there deeds of crime, no war, no adultery, no licentiousness, nor righteousness and repentance.
Notes and citation
Summary: After death there is no repentance or merit.
- όλεμος is read as πόλεμος (“war”); uncertain.
Topics: Eschatology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 59.10.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:375; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-59-10-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
59.10.2Holl GCS 25/31:375
ὡς γὰρ μετὰ θερισμὸν τοῦ στάχυος οὐκ ἔνι παχυνθῆναι τὸν κόκκον, οὐκ ἀνεμόξθορον γενέσθαι * οὐκ ἕνι εὐπάθειά τις ἑτέρα.
hōs gar meta therismon tou stachyos ouk eni pachynthēnai ton kokkon, ouk anemoxthoron genesthai * ouk heni eupatheia tis hetera.
For as after the harvest of the ear the grain cannot grow plump, nor become wind-blasted …, there is no other change for good.
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Notes and citation
Summary: After harvest nothing changes.
- The edition marks a gap (*).
Topics: Eschatology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 59.10.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:375; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-59-10-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
59.10.3Holl GCS 25/31:375
ἀλλὰ μὴ λέγε μοι τῆς ἀποθήκης τὰ φθάρματα, τουτέστι καὶ σκώσηκας καὶ σῆτας· ταῦτα γὰρ διὰ τὰ ἐν τῷ αἰῶνι γινόμενα εἴρηται, τὸ δὲ ἀπεικονισμένον καὶ ἐν πύλαις ἡμῖν εἰργμένον καὶ ἀποθήκῃ ἠσφαλισμένον πίστεώς ἐστιν ὑπόδειγμα καὶ ὑπογραμμός, »ἕνθα οὕτε λῃσταὶ διορύττουσιν οὔτε σῆτες ἀφανίζουσιν«, ὡς ἕχει ὁ θεῖος λόλος. * οὔτε ὁ μὴν πορισμὸς ευσεβείας, οὔτε μετανοίας <κλῆσις> ὡς ἔφην, μετὰ θάνατον.
alla mē lege moi tēs apothēkēs ta phtharmata, toutesti kai skōsēkas kai sētas; tauta gar dia ta en tǭ aiōni ginomena eirētai, to de apeikonismenon kai en pylais hēmin eirgmenon kai apothēkę̄ ēsphalismenon pisteōs estin hypodeigma kai hypogrammos, »hentha houte lę̄stai dioryttousin oute sētes aphanizousin«, hōs hechei ho theios lolos. * oute ho mēn porismos eusebeias, oute metanoias <klēsis> hōs ephēn, meta thanaton.
But do not tell me of the spoiling in the storehouse, that is, worms and moths; these are said of things that happen in this age. What is pictured, shut in by gates for us and secured in a storehouse, is an example and pattern of faith, “where neither thieves break in nor moths destroy,” as the divine word has it. … Neither is there gaining of piety, nor call to repentance, as I said, after death.
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Matt 6:20 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The heavenly storehouse is safe, but no repentance after death.
- The edition marks a gap (*).
Topics: Eschatology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 59.10.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:375; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-59-10-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
59.10.4Holl GCS 25/31:375
οὔτε γὰρ Λάζαρος ἄπέρχεται πρὸς τὸν πλούσιον ἐκεῖ οὔτε ὁ πλούσιοςπρὸς τὸν Λάξαρον, οὕτε Ἁβραὰμ ἀποστέλλει σκύλλων τὸν πένητα πλουτήσοντα ἐς ὕστερον, οὔτε ὁ πλούσιος πένης γενόμενος ὧν αἰτεῖται <μετα>λαμβάνει, καίπερ μετὰ ἱκεσίας τὸν ἐλεήμονα Ἀβραὰμ παρακαλέσας.
oute gar Lazaros aperchetai pros ton plousion ekei oute ho plousiospros ton Laxaron, houte Habraam apostellei skyllōn ton penēta ploutēsonta es hysteron, oute ho plousios penēs genomenos hōn aiteitai <meta>lambanei, kaiper meta hikesias ton eleēmona Abraam parakalesas.
For there Lazarus does not go to the rich man, nor the rich man to Lazarus, nor does Abraham trouble to send the poor man to become rich later, nor does the rich man, now poor, receive what he asks for, though he entreats merciful Abraham with supplication.
Luke 16:24 (allusion, high confidence) · Luke 16:26 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The parable of Lazarus shows no change after death.
Topics: Eschatology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 59.10.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:375; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-59-10-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
59.10.5Holl GCS 25/31:375–376
ἐσφράγισται γὰρ τὰ ταμιεῖα καὶ πεπλήρωται ὁ χρόνος καὶ ὁ ἀγὼν ἐτελέσθη καὶ ἐκενώθη τὸ σκάμμα καὶ οἱ στέφανοι ἐδόθησαν καὶ οἱ ἀγωνισάμενοι ἀνεπάσαν καὶ οἱ μὴ φθάσαντες ἐξῆκαν καὶ οἱ μὴ ἀγωνισάμενοι οὐκέτι εὐποροῦσι καὶ οἱ ἐν τῷ σκάμματι ἡττηθέντες ἐξεβλήθησαν καὶ τὰ πάντα σαφῶς τετελείωται μετὰ τὴν ἐντεῦθεν ἐκδημίαν.
esphragistai gar ta tamieia kai peplērōtai ho chronos kai ho agōn etelesthē kai ekenōthē to skamma kai hoi stephanoi edothēsan kai hoi agōnisamenoi anepasan kai hoi mē phthasantes exēkan kai hoi mē agōnisamenoi ouketi euporousi kai hoi en tǭ skammati hēttēthentes exeblēthēsan kai ta panta saphōs teteleiōtai meta tēn enteuthen ekdēmian.
For the storerooms are sealed, the time is fulfilled, the contest is finished, the arena is emptied, the crowns are given, the contestants have rested, those who did not arrive in time are shut out, those who did not contend no longer have resources, those defeated in the arena have been thrown out, and everything is plainly completed after departure from here.
Notes and citation
Summary: After death the contest is over.
Topics: Eschatology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 59.10.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:375–376; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-59-10-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
59.10.6Holl GCS 25/31:376
ἕτι δὲ ὄντων ἐν τῷ αἰῶνι πάντων, καὶ μετὰ πτῶσιν ἔνι ἀνάστασις, ἔτι ἐλπὶς ἔτι θεραπεία ἔτι ὁμολογία, κἂν εἰ μὴ τελειότατα, * ἀλλʼ οὖν γε <καὶ>· τῶν ἄλλων οὐκ ἀπηγόρευται ἡ σωτηρία.
heti de ontōn en tǭ aiōni pantōn, kai meta ptōsin eni anastasis, eti elpis eti therapeia eti homologia, kan ei mē teleiotata, * allʼ oun ge <kai>; tōn allōn ouk apēgoreutai hē sōtēria.
But while all are still in this age, there is rising even after a fall, still hope, still healing, still confession; even if not most perfectly …, yet at any rate salvation is not forbidden to the others.
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Notes and citation
Summary: In this life there is hope after a fall.
- The edition marks a gap (*).
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 59.10.6 (Holl GCS 25/31:376; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-59-10-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 59, chapter 11
59.11.1Holl GCS 25/31:376
11. Πᾶσα δὲ αἵρεσις ἀπὸ τῆς ἀληθείας ἐξοκείλασα ἐν σκότῳ τυφλώττει καὶ μυωπάζει, ἕτερα ἀνθʼ ἑτέρων διανοουμένη. ἔοικαν γὰρ οὖτοί τισιν ἀτέχνοις καὶ μὴ γινώσκουσι τὰ <περὶ> ἑκάστης ποιότητος καὶ χρήσεως καὶ κόσμου ἑκάστου μέλους καὶ ὡς ἔπος εἰπεῖν (γελοιῶδές τι ὃ προβάλλομαι λέγειν, ὅμοιον <δὲ> τῆς αὐτῶν ἀνοησίας) ὡς περιτιθέασι τὰ ὑποδήματα τῇ κεφαλῇ, τὸν δὲ στέφανον τοῖς ποσὶ καὶ κλοιὸν χρυσοῦν περὶ τὴν γαστέρα·
11. Pasa de hairesis apo tēs alētheias exokeilasa en skotǭ typhlōttei kai myōpazei, hetera anthʼ heterōn dianooumenē. eoikan gar outoi tisin atechnois kai mē ginōskousi ta <peri> hekastēs poiotētos kai chrēseōs kai kosmou hekastou melous kai hōs epos eipein (geloiōdes ti ho proballomai legein, homoion <de> tēs autōn anoēsias) hōs perititheasi ta hypodēmata tę̄ kephalę̄, ton de stephanon tois posi kai kloion chrysoun peri tēn gastera;
Every heresy, having run aground from the truth, is blind and shortsighted in darkness, mistaking one thing for another. These are like some unskilled people who do not know the quality, use, and ornament of each member, and, so to speak (it is a laughable thing I am going to say, but like their folly), put their shoes on their head, the crown on their feet, and a golden necklace around their belly;
Notes and citation
Summary: Heretics are like people who wear clothing on the wrong members.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 59.11.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:376; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-59-11-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
59.11.2Holl GCS 25/31:376
τὰ δὲ ἄλλα πέδιλα ὡς εἰπεῖν, τὰ ἐξ ἱματίων γεγενἢμένα, ἅ παρά τισιν ὀδώνια κέκληται ἢ βράκαι, χερσὶ περιτιθέασι, δακτθλίους δὲ τοὶς ποσίν.
ta de alla pedila hōs eipein, ta ex himatiōn gegenēmena, ha para tisin odōnia keklētai ē brakai, chersi perititheasi, daktthlious de tois posin.
and the other foot coverings, so to speak, made of cloth, which some call leggings or trousers, they put on their hands, and rings on their feet.
Notes and citation
Summary: The comparison continues.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 59.11.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:376; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-59-11-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
59.11.3Holl GCS 25/31:376
οὕτω γὰρ ἡ τῶν τὴν ἄγνοιαν κεκτημένων σφαλερὰ καὶ ἄτακτος εὑρίσκεται διαταγή. τὰ γὰρ ἐπὶ τῆς ἱερωσύνης ἠσφαλισμένα περὶ δευτέρου γάμου καὶ τῶν ἄλλων οὗτοι εἰς ἅπαντα τὸν λαὸν * νενομίκασι καὶ τὰ διʼ ὑπερβολὴν στρυφνότητος ὑπὸ θεοῦ κεκηρυγμένα, ἵνα μὴ ῥᾳθυμήσαντές τινες παραπέσωσιν, αὐτοὶ εἰς ἀπανθρωπίαν θεῷ προσῆψαν.
houtō gar hē tōn tēn agnoian kektēmenōn sphalera kai ataktos heurisketai diatagē. ta gar epi tēs hierōsynēs ēsphalismena peri deuterou gamou kai tōn allōn houtoi eis hapanta ton laon * nenomikasi kai ta diʼ hyperbolēn stryphnotētos hypo theou kekērygmena, hina mē rhąthymēsantes tines parapesōsin, autoi eis apanthrōpian theǭ prosēpsan.
So the arrangement of those who possess ignorance is found to be erroneous and disorderly. For what was secured for the priesthood about second marriage and other matters they have applied … to the whole people; and what God proclaimed with excessive severity, so that some might not grow careless and fall, they have ascribed to God as inhumanity.
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Notes and citation
Summary: They extend clerical rules to all and make God harsh.
- The edition marks a gap (*).
Topics: Heresy, Remarriage, Divorce and remarriage
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 59.11.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:376; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-59-11-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
59.11.4Holl GCS 25/31:376
καὶ ὡς ἐὰν εἴ τις ἀπὸ ἱματίου χειρίδα κατασχὼν [καὶ] ἕως μότον ἀγκῶνος ἀπὸ καρποῦ χειρὸς τοῦ καλουμένου σκεάζοι ἑαυτόν, προφέροι δὲ πρὸ ὀφθαλμῶν καθʼ ἑκάστην ὥραν τὴν χειρίδα καὶ ἐπιτωθάζοι τοῖς ἄλλοις, ἐπιλησθεὶς ὅτι ὅλον τὸ σῶμα αὐτοῦ γυμνητεύει,
kai hōs ean ei tis apo himatiou cheirida kataschōn [kai] heōs moton ankōnos apo karpou cheiros tou kaloumenou skeazoi heauton, propheroi de pro ophthalmōn kathʼ hekastēn hōran tēn cheirida kai epitōthazoi tois allois, epilēstheis hoti holon to sōma autou gymnēteuei,
It is as if someone took a sleeve from a garment and clothed himself only from the wrist, as it is called, to the elbow, and held the sleeve before his eyes every hour and mocked the others, forgetting that his whole body is naked:
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Notes and citation
Summary: They boast of one sleeve while naked.
- The editor deletes καί.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 59.11.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:376; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-59-11-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
59.11.5Holl GCS 25/31:376
Οὕτω καὶ οὗτοι σεμνυνόμενοι μὴ δέχεσθαι διγάμους τὰς πάσας ἐντολάς.
Houtō kai houtoi semnynomenoi mē dechesthai digamous tas pasas entolas.
so too these, priding themselves on not receiving the twice-married, all the commandments
Notes and citation
Summary: They pride themselves on one rule.
- The sentence continues in 59.11.6.
Topics: Remarriage, Divorce and remarriage
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 59.11.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:376; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-59-11-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
59.11.6Holl GCS 25/31:376–377
τὰς ὁμοίας ταύτῃ καὶ ἔτι ὑπερβολῆ καλλίονας τῷ φυλάττειν, ἐπι θανατίους δὲ ἐν τῷ μὴ φυλάττεσθαι, * τὴν μίαν ἀπαγορεύουσι, τὰς δὲ ἄλλας καταλε λοίπασι. καὶ ἐπιλαθόμενοι ὅλον μὲν τὸ σῶμα γυμνητεύουσιν, ἀπὸ ὅλων τῶν ἐνταλμάτων ἀργήσαντες καὶ τὴν μίαν ἐντολὴν οὐχ ἁγνῶς κατασχόντες.
tas homoias tautę̄ kai eti hyperbolē kallionas tǭ phylattein, epi thanatious de en tǭ mē phylattesthai, * tēn mian apagoreuousi, tas de allas katale loipasi. kai epilathomenoi holon men to sōma gymnēteuousin, apo holōn tōn entalmatōn argēsantes kai tēn mian entolēn ouch hagnōs kataschontes.
— those like this one, and even more excellent in the keeping, and deadly when not kept — … they forbid the one, but have abandoned the others. And forgetting, they have made the whole body naked, idle from all the commandments, and not even holding the one commandment purely.
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Notes and citation
Summary: Keeping one rule, they neglect all the others.
- The edition marks a gap (*); the construction is loose.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 59.11.6 (Holl GCS 25/31:376–377; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/58-4-1/#p-59-11-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.