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Chapter 3

3Otto, CorpApol 3 3

Καὶ ὃ θαυμασιώτατος Ἰουστῖνος ὀρθῶς ἐξεφώνησεν ἐοικέναι τοὺς προειρημένους λῃσταῖς.

Kai ho thaumasiōtatos Ioustinos orthōs exephōnēsen eoikenai tous proeirēmenous lę̄stais.

And the most admirable Justin rightly declared that the aforementioned are like robbers.

Chapter 4

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Ἰουστῖνος δὲ ὃ Νεαπολίτης, ἀνὴρ οὔτε τῷ χρόνῳ πόῤῥω ὧν τῶν ἀποστόλων οὔτε τῇ ἀρετῇ, κληρονομεῖσθαι μὲν τὸ ἀποθνῆσκον, κληρονομεῖν δὲ τὸ ζῶν λέγει, καὶ ἀποθνήσκειν μὲν σάρκα, ζῆν δὲ τὴν βασιλείαν τῶν οὐρανῶν.

Ioustinos de ho Neapolitēs, anēr oute tǭ chronǭ porrhō hōn tōn apostolōn oute tę̄ aretę̄, klēronomeisthai men to apothnēskon, klēronomein de to zōn legei, kai apothnēskein men sarka, zēn de tēn basileian tōn ouranōn.

Justin of Neapolis, a man not far from the apostles either in time or in virtue, says that what dies is inherited, while what lives inherits; and that the flesh dies, while the kingdom of heaven lives.

Chapter 5

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Πλάσας ὃ θεὸς κατ᾽ ἀρχὰς τὸν ἄνθρωπον τῆς γνώμης αὐτοῦ τὰ τῆς φύσεως ἀπῃώρησεν, ἐντολῇ μιᾷ ποιησάμενος τὴν διάπειραν. Φυλάξαντα μὲν γὰρ ταύτην τῆς ἀθανάτου λήξεως πεποίηκεν ἔσεσθαι, παραβάντα δὲ τῆς ἐναντίας. Οὕτω γεγονὼς ὃ ἄνθρωπος καὶ πρὸς τὴν παράβασιν εὐθὺς ἐλθὼν τὴν φθορὰν φυσικῶς εἰσεδέξατο. Φύσει δὲ τῆς φθορᾶς προσγενομένης ἀναγκαῖον ἦν ὅτι σῶσαι βουλόμενος ἦν τὴν φθοροποιὸν οὐσίαν ἀφανίσας. Τοῦτο δὲ οὐκ ἦν ἑτέρως γενέσθαι, εἰ μήπερ κατὰ φύσιν ζωὴ προσεπλάκη τῷ τὴν φθορὰν δεξαμένῳ, ἀφανίζουσα μὲν τὴν φθοράν, ἀθάνατον δὲ τοῦ λοιποῦ τὸ δεξάμενον διατηροῦσα. Διὰ τοῦτο τὸν λόγον ἐδέησεν ἐν σώματι γενέσθαι, ἵνα τοῦ θανάτου τῆς κατὰ φύσιν ἡμᾶς φθορᾶς ἐλευθερώσῃ. Εἰ γάρ, ὥς φατε, νεύματι μόνον τὸν θάνατον ἡμῶν ἀπεκώλυσεν, οὐ προσήει μὲν διὰ τὴν βούλησιν ὁ θάνατος, οὐδὲν δὲ ἧττον φθαρτοὶ πάλιν ἦμεν, φυσικὴν ἐν ἑαυτοῖς τὴν φθορὰν περιφέροντες.

Plasas ho theos kat᾽ archas ton anthrōpon tēs gnōmēs autou ta tēs physeōs apę̄ōrēsen, entolę̄ mią poiēsamenos tēn diapeiran. Phylaxanta men gar tautēn tēs athanatou lēxeōs pepoiēken esesthai, parabanta de tēs enantias. Houtō gegonōs ho anthrōpos kai pros tēn parabasin euthys elthōn tēn phthoran physikōs eisedexato. Physei de tēs phthoras prosgenomenēs anankaion ēn hoti sōsai boulomenos ēn tēn phthoropoion ousian aphanisas. Touto de ouk ēn heterōs genesthai, ei mēper kata physin zōē proseplakē tǭ tēn phthoran dexamenǭ, aphanizousa men tēn phthoran, athanaton de tou loipou to dexamenon diatērousa. Dia touto ton logon edeēsen en sōmati genesthai, hina tou thanatou tēs kata physin hēmas phthoras eleutherōsę̄. Ei gar, hōs phate, neumati monon ton thanaton hēmōn apekōlysen, ou prosēei men dia tēn boulēsin ho thanatos, ouden de hētton phthartoi palin ēmen, physikēn en heautois tēn phthoran peripherontes.

When God fashioned man in the beginning, he made the things of his nature hang on his will, making trial of him by a single command. For if he kept it, he made him to be of the immortal lot; if he transgressed, of the opposite. Man, having been made so and having at once gone on to transgression, received corruption into his nature. And since corruption had become part of his nature, it was necessary that the one who wished to save should be the one who did away with the substance that caused corruption. This could not happen otherwise than if life by nature were joined to what had received corruption, doing away with the corruption and keeping what had received it immortal from then on. For this reason the Word had to come to be in a body, so that he might free us from the death of natural corruption. For if, as you say, he had merely held back our death by a nod, death would not have come near because of his will, but we would none the less have been corruptible again, carrying natural corruption in ourselves.

Chapter 6

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Οὐ τὸν θεὸν βλάψομεν ἀγνοοῦντες αὐτόν, ἀλλ᾽ ἑαυτοὺς ἀποστερήσομεν τῆς αὐτοῦ φιλίας.

Ou ton theon blapsomen agnoountes auton, all᾽ heautous aposterēsomen tēs autou philias.

We shall not harm God by being ignorant of him, but we shall deprive ourselves of his friendship.

Chapter 7

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Οὔτε τὸ φῶς ἔσται σκότος ποτέ, ἕως ἂν ἦ φῶς, οὔτε ἣ τῶν παρ᾽ ἡμῖν πραγμάτων ἀλήθεια διελεγχθήσεται. doe γάρ ἐστι, καὶ ταύτης ἰσχυρότερον οὐδέν.

Oute to phōs estai skotos pote, heōs an ē phōs, oute hē tōn par᾽ hēmin pragmatōn alētheia dielenchthēsetai. doe gar esti, kai tautēs ischyroteron ouden.

Neither will light ever be darkness, as long as it is light, nor will the truth of what we hold be refuted. For it is [truth], and nothing is stronger than it.

Chapter 8

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Πρὸς σκληρὰν καὶ ἀπειθῆ καρδίαν λόγος ὑγιὴς οὐκ εἰσἔρχεται, ἀλλ᾽ ὥσπερ ἀντιτυπούμενος πρὸς ἑαυτὸν ἐπανέρχεται.

Pros sklēran kai apeithē kardian logos hygiēs ouk eiserchetai, all᾽ hōsper antitypoumenos pros heauton epanerchetai.

Into a hard and disobedient heart a sound word does not enter, but, as if struck back, it returns to itself.

Chapter 9

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Ὡς δὲ σώματος ἀγαθὸν ὑγεία, οὕτως ψυχῆς ἀγαθὸν γνῶσις θεοῦ, ὑγεία τις οὖσα ψυχῆς, καθ᾽ ἣν πρὸς θεὸν ὁμοίωσις γίνεται.

Hōs de sōmatos agathon hygeia, houtōs psychēs agathon gnōsis theou, hygeia tis ousa psychēs, kath᾽ hēn pros theon homoiōsis ginetai.

As health is the good of the body, so the knowledge of God is the good of the soul, being a kind of health of the soul, by which likeness to God comes about.

Chapter 10

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Ὥσπερ πᾶσι τοῖς γενομένοις σώμασιν ὑπὸ τοῦ θεοῦ συνυπάρχει καὶ τὸ σκιὰν ἔχειν, οὕτως καὶ τῷ θεῷ, δικαίῳ ὄντι, τοῖς τὰ καλὰ ἑλομένοις καὶ τοῖς τὰ κακὰ προτιμήσασιν ἀκόλουθόν ἐστι τὸ κατ᾽ ἀξίαν ἑκάστῳ ἀπονεῖμαι.

Hōsper pasi tois genomenois sōmasin hypo tou theou synyparchei kai to skian echein, houtōs kai tǭ theǭ, dikaiǭ onti, tois ta kala helomenois kai tois ta kaka protimēsasin akolouthon esti to kat᾽ axian hekastǭ aponeimai.

As it goes along with all the bodies made by God that they have a shadow, so it follows for God, who is just, to assign to each, to those who chose good things and to those who preferred evil ones, what he deserves.

Chapter 11

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Δυσαναβίβαστος ἣ ψυχὴ πρὸς ταῦτα ἀφ᾽ ὧν ὠλίσθησε καλῶν, δυσεκβίβαστός τε τούτων ὧν συνειθίσθη κακῶν. [Εἰ μὲν σαυτόν ποτε ἠθέλησας μέμψασθαι, τῷ φαρμάκῳ τῆς μετανοίας τάχα ἂν χρηστάς τινας ἐλπίδας ἐθρεψάμην ἐπὶ σοί , ἐπειδὴ δὲ τελείως κατεφρόνησας τοῦ φόβου καὶ αὐτῆς κατέπτυσας τῆς εἰς Χριστὸν πίστεως, βέλτιόν σοι ὑπῆρχεν ἵνα μὴ ἐγενήθης ἀπὸ γαστρός.

Dysanabibastos hē psychē pros tauta aph᾽ hōn ōlisthēse kalōn, dysekbibastos te toutōn hōn syneithisthē kakōn. [Ei men sauton pote ēthelēsas mempsasthai, tǭ pharmakǭ tēs metanoias tacha an chrēstas tinas elpidas ethrepsamēn epi soi , epeidē de teleiōs katephronēsas tou phobou kai autēs kateptysas tēs eis Christon pisteōs, beltion soi hypērchen hina mē egenēthēs apo gastros.

The soul is hard to bring back up to the good things from which it slipped, and hard to bring out of the evil things to which it has grown accustomed. [If you had ever been willing to blame yourself, I might perhaps have nourished some good hopes for you through the medicine of repentance; but since you have utterly despised the fear [of God] and spat upon faith in Christ itself, it would have been better for you not to have been born from the womb.]

Chapter 12

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Λανθάνει μέν, ὡς εἰκός, αὐτοὺς ὡς ἐκ πλάνης τῇ ἀληθείᾳ διὰ τῆς ὄντως πίστεως ἐξεστηκώς, αὐτὸς δὲ ἀληθῶς οἶδεν ἑαυτόν, οὐχ, ὃ φασιν ἐκεῖνοι, μαινόμενον, ἀλλὰ τῆς ἀστάτου καὶ ἀλλοιωτῆς περὶ τὴν παντοδαπῆ τῆς πλάνης ποικιλίαν φθορᾶς διὰ τῆς ἁπλῆς καὶ ἀεὶ ὡσαύτως ἐχούσης ἀληθείας ἠλευθερωμένον.

Lanthanei men, hōs eikos, autous hōs ek planēs tę̄ alētheią dia tēs ontōs pisteōs exestēkōs, autos de alēthōs oiden heauton, ouch, ho phasin ekeinoi, mainomenon, alla tēs astatou kai alloiōtēs peri tēn pantodapē tēs planēs poikilian phthoras dia tēs haplēs kai aei hōsautōs echousēs alētheias ēleutherōmenon.

It escapes them, as is likely, that he has gone out of error into the truth through true faith; but he himself truly knows himself, not raving, as they say, but set free, through the simple truth that is always the same, from the unstable and changeable corruption that goes with the manifold variety of error.

Chapter 13

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Τὸ εὖ πράττειν ἡγοῦμαι, ὦ ἄνδρες, οὐκ ἄλλο τι εἶναι ἢ τὸ κατὰ ἀλήθειαν ζῆν τὸ δὲ εὑ ζῆν ἢ κατὰ ἀλήθειαν οὐκ ἄνευ τοῦ κατανοῆσαι τὴν τῶν πραγμάτων φύσιν.

To eu prattein hēgoumai, ō andres, ouk allo ti einai ē to kata alētheian zēn to de heu zēn ē kata alētheian ouk aneu tou katanoēsai tēn tōn pragmatōn physin.

To do well, men, I think is nothing other than to live according to truth; and to live well, that is, according to truth, is not possible without understanding the nature of things.

Chapter 14

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Ἢ τοῦ διδασκάλου ἀπειρία ἀπολλύει τοὺς μαθητευομένους, καὶ ἡ τῶν μαθητευομένων ἀμέλεια κίνδυνον φέρει τῷ διδασκάλῳ, καὶ μάλιστα ὅταν παρὰ τὴν αὐτοῦ ἀνεπιστημοσύνην ῥᾴθυμοι εἶεν ἐκεῖνοι.

Ē tou didaskalou apeiria apollyei tous mathēteuomenous, kai hē tōn mathēteuomenōn ameleia kindynon pherei tǭ didaskalǭ, kai malista hotan para tēn autou anepistēmosynēn rhąthymoi eien ekeinoi.

The inexperience of the teacher destroys the learners, and the negligence of the learners brings danger to the teacher, especially when they are careless because of his lack of knowledge.

Chapter 15

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Τὸ ὑποπεσεῖν καὶ παραχωρῆσαι τοῖς πάθεσιν ἐσχάτη δουλεία, ὥσπερ τὸ κρατεῖν τούτων ἐλευθερία μόνη.

To hypopesein kai parachōrēsai tois pathesin eschatē douleia, hōsper to kratein toutōn eleutheria monē.

To give in and yield to the passions is the utmost slavery, just as to master them is the only freedom.

Chapter 16

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Μεγίστου ὄντος ἀγαθοῦ τὸ μὴ ἁμαρτάνειν, δεύτερον ἀγαθὸν τὸ δικαιωθῆναι ὅστις δὲ πολὺν χρόνον ἀδικῶν ἀκόλαστος μένει, τοῦτον δεῖ νομίζειν τὸν ἀτυχέστατον.

Megistou ontos agathou to mē hamartanein, deuteron agathon to dikaiōthēnai hostis de polyn chronon adikōn akolastos menei, touton dei nomizein ton atychestaton.

Since not sinning is the greatest good, the second good is to be set right by punishment; but whoever does wrong for a long time and remains unpunished must be thought the most unfortunate of all.

Chapter 17

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Ἀνάγκη ἀπειρίᾳ καὶ κακίᾳ ἡνιόχου τὰ ὑπεζευγμένα κατὰ κρημνῶν φέρεσθαι, ὥσπερ ἐμπειρίᾳ καὶ ἀρετῇ διασώζεσθαι.

Anankē apeirią kai kakią hēniochou ta hypezeugmena kata krēmnōn pheresthai, hōsper empeirią kai aretę̄ diasōzesthai.

Through the inexperience and badness of a charioteer the yoked horses are bound to be carried over cliffs, just as by his experience and virtue they are kept safe.

Chapter 18

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Τέλος τῷ φιλοσοφοῦντι ἣ πρὸς θεὸν ὁμοίωσις κατὰ τὸ δυνατόν.

Telos tǭ philosophounti hē pros theon homoiōsis kata to dynaton.

The goal for one who pursues philosophy is likeness to God, as far as possible.

Chapter 19

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Οὔτε στενοχωρία παρὰ θεῷ οὔτε ἀναρίθμητόν τι.

Oute stenochōria para theǭ oute anarithmēton ti.

With God there is neither lack of room nor anything beyond number.

Chapter 20

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Οὐ περὶ ἐθνῶν ἀλλοφύλων φησίν, ἀλλὰ περὶ !vo? συμφωνοῦντος τοῖς ἔθνεσιν κατὰ τὸ εἰρημένον ὑπὸ Ἱερεμίου Πικρόν σοι τὸ καταλιπεῖν ἐμέ, λέγει κύριος ὁ θεός σου, ὅτι ἀπ αἰῶνος συνέτριψας ζυγόν σου καὶ διέῤῥηξας τοὺς δεσμούς σου καὶ εἶπας Οὐ δουλεύσω ἀλλὰ πορεύσομαι ἐπὶ πᾶν ὄρος ὑψηλὸν καὶ ὑποκάτω παντὸς ξύλου, καὶ ἐκεῖ διάλυθήσομαι ἐν τῇ πορνείᾳ μου.

Ou peri ethnōn allophylōn phēsin, alla peri !vo? symphōnountos tois ethnesin kata to eirēmenon hypo Hieremiou Pikron soi to katalipein eme, legei kyrios ho theos sou, hoti ap aiōnos synetripsas zygon sou kai dierrhēxas tous desmous sou kai eipas Ou douleusō alla poreusomai epi pan oros hypsēlon kai hypokatō pantos xylou, kai ekei dialythēsomai en tę̄ porneią mou.

He speaks not about foreign nations, but about the people that agrees with the nations, according to what was said by Jeremiah: “It is bitter for you to have forsaken me, says the Lord your God; for from of old you broke your yoke and burst your bonds and said, I will not serve, but I will go upon every high mountain and under every tree, and there I will be dissolved in my sexual immorality.”