Against Celsus 3.35

Summary: Origen presses Celsus: either the hero-shrines have no power, making Celsus an Epicurean, or they do, in which case Jesus, who forbids their worship as demons, must be more powerful than all of them.

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Greek text · Koetschau 1:231–232

Ἐβουλόμην δὲ πρὸς τὸν οὐκ οἶδʼ ὅπως τοιαῦτα λέγοντα τοιαῦτά τινα πρεπόντως αὐτῷ ἀδολεσχῆσαι· ἆρʼ οὖν οὐδέν εἰσιν οὗτοι, οὓς κατέλεξας, καὶ οὐδεμία δύναμίς ἐστιν ἐν Λεβαδίᾳ κατὰ τὸν Τροφώνιον οὐδʼ ἐν Θήβαις περὶ τὸν τοῦ Ἀμφιάρεω νεὼν οὐδʼ ἐν Ἀκαρνανίᾳ περὶ τὸν Ἀμφίλοχον οὐδʼ ἐν Κιλικίᾳ περὶ τὸν Μόψον; ἢ ἐστί τις ἐν τοῖς τοιούτοις εἴτε δαίμων εἴτε ἥρως εἴτε καὶ θεὸς, ἐνεργῶν τινα μείζονα ἢ κατὰ ἄνθρωπον; εἰ μὲν γάρ φησι μηδὲν ἕτερον εἶναι μήτε δαιμόνιον μήτε θεῖον περὶ τούτους, κἂν νῦν ὁμολογησάτω τὴν ἑαυτοῦ γνώμην. Ἐπικούρειος ὢν καὶ μὴ τὰ αὐτὰ τοῖς Ἕλλησι φρονῶν καὶ μήτε δαίμονας γινώσκων μήτε κἂν ὡς Ἕλληνες θεοὺς σέβων, καὶ ἐλεγχέσθω ὅτι μάτην καὶ τὰ προειρημένα ὡς παραδεξάμενος αὐτὰ εἶναι ἀληθῆ ἐκόμισε καὶ τὰ ἐν τοῖς ἑξῆς ἐπιφερόμενα. εἰ δὲ φήσει εἴτε δαίμονας εἴτε ἥρωας εἴτε καὶ θεοὺς εἶναι τοὺς κατειλεγμένους, ὁράτω ὅτι ὅπερ οὐ βούλεται κατασκευάσει διʼ ὧν εἴρηκεν, ὡς καὶ ὁ Ἰησοῦς τοιοῦτόν τι ἦν· διὸ καὶ δεδύνηται ἑαυτὸν παραστῆσαι οὐκ ὀλίγοις τῶν ἀνθρώπων θεόθεν ἐπιδεδημηκέναι τῷ γένει τῶν ἀνθρώπων. ἅπαξ δὲ τοῦτʼ ἐὰν παραδέξηται, ὅρα εἰ μὴ ἀναγκασθήσεται ἰσχυρότερον αὐτὸν φῆσαι τούτων. οἷς αὐτὸν συγκατηρίθμησεν· ἐπεὶ ἐκείνων μέν γε οὐδεὶς κωλύει τὰς πρὸς τοὺς ἑτέρους τιμὰς, οὗτος δὲ ἑαυτῷ θαῤῥῶν ὡς πάντων ἐκείνων δυνατώτερος ἀπαγορεύει τὰς τούτων ἀποδοχὰς ὡς μοχθηρῶν δαιμόνων καὶ τόπους „ἐπὶ γῆς προκατειληφότων. ἐπεὶ τῆς καθαρωτέρας οὐ δύνανται ἐφάψασθαι χώρας καὶ θειοτέρας, ἔνθα μὴ φθάνουσιν αἱ ἀπὸ τῆς γῆς καὶ τῶν ἐν αὐτῇ μυρίων κακῶν παχύτητες.

English · Claude translation

I would like to talk, as befits him, with one who, I know not how, says such things, in this way: “Are these beings you listed nothing at all, and is there no power at Lebadea in Trophonius, or at Thebes around the temple of Amphiaraus, or in Acarnania around Amphilochus, or in Cilicia around Mopsus? Or is there in such places some being, whether a daemon or a hero or even a god, working things greater than human?” If he says that there is nothing else, neither daemonic nor divine, about them, let him admit his opinion at least now, that he is an Epicurean who does not think the same as the Greeks, who neither recognizes daemons nor worships gods as the Greeks do; and let him be convicted of having brought forward in vain both what was said before, as if he accepted it as true, and what he adds later. But if he says that those listed are daemons or heroes or even gods, let him see that by what he has said he will establish what he does not wish, that Jesus too was something of this kind; which is why he was able to convince not a few people that he had come from God to the human race. And once he accepts this, see whether he will not be forced to say that he is more powerful than those with whom he has numbered him. For none of them forbids honors to the others, but this one, confident that he is more powerful than all of them, forbids their acceptance, as of wicked daemons who have seized places on earth, since they cannot reach the purer and more divine region, where the grossness of the earth and its countless evils does not reach.

About this passage

Source
Koetschau 1:231–232 · Paul Koetschau, ed., Origenes Werke 1–2: Gegen Celsus, GCS 2–3 (Leipzig: Hinrichs, 1899) · Greek text: P. Koetschau, Origenes Werke 1–2 (GCS 2–3, 1899), digitized by the Perseus Digital Library and published by the First Thousand Years of Greek project (Open Greek and Latin), CC BY-SA 4.0
Text
As printed in Koetschau, GCS 2–3. Manuscript variants and the editor's apparatus are not reproduced; no textual problem is noted in this passage.
Translation
Claude translation (claude-opus-5-5), 2026-09-27 · Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Koetschau, GCS 2–3; made independently of existing English translations.
Compare
Ante-Nicene Fathers, vol. 4 (1885) (an older public-domain English translation, whole volume at CCEL; checked against ours only after ours was made)
Topics
Christology

Notes

Translation notes

  • On Celsus as a supposed Epicurean, see Book 1.

Cite this passage

Origen, Cels. 3.35 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/origen-celsum/3/35/).

Plain text
Origen, Cels. 3.35 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/origen-celsum/3/35/).

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