Against Celsus 4.20

Summary: There is nothing absurd in God sending one to purify a world overflowing with wickedness; the Greeks too, like Plato, speak of periodic purification by flood.

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Greek text · Koetschau 1:289–290

Εἶτʼ ἐπεὶ προσωποποιεῖ ἰδίᾳ μὲν Ἰουδαίους αἰτιολογοῦντας τὴν κατʼ αὐτοὺς μέλλουσαν Χριστοῦ ἐπιδημίαν ἰδίᾳ δὲ Χριστιανοὺς λέγοντας περὶ τῆς ἤδη γεγενημένης ἐπιδημίας εἰς τὸν βίον τῶν ἀνθρώπων τοῦ υἱοῦ τοῦ θεοῦ· φέρε καὶ ταῦτα, ὡς οἷόν τε ἐστὶ, διὰ βραχέων κατανοήσωμεν. Ἰουδαῖοι δὴ παρʼ αὐτῷ λέγουσι πληρωθέντα τὸν βίον πάσης κακίας δεῖσθαι τοῦ καταπεμπομένου ἀπὸ θεοῦ, ἵνʼ οἱ μὲν ἄδικοι κολασθῶσι, τὰ δὲ πάντα καθαρθῇ ἀνάλογον τῷ πρώτῳ συμβάντι κατακλυσμῷ. ἐπεὶ δὲ λέγονται καὶ Χριστιανοὶ τούτοις προστιθέναι ἕτερα. δῆλον ὅτι καὶ τούτοις φησὶ ταῦτα λέγεσθαι. καὶ τί ἄτοπον ἐπὶ τῇ χύσει τῆς κακίας ἐπιδημήσειν τὸν ἀποκαθαροῦντα τὸν κόσμον καὶ ἑκάστῳ κατʼ ἀξίαν χρησόμενον; οὐ γὰρ κατὰ τὸν θεὸν ἐστι μὴ στῆσαι τὴν τῆς κακίας νομὴν καὶ ἀνακαινῶσαι τὰ πράγματα. ἴσασι δὲ καὶ Ἕλληνες κατακλυσμῷ ἢ πυρὶ τὴν γῆν κατὰ περιόδους καθαιρομένην. ὡς καὶ Πλάτων που οὕτω λέγει· „ὅταν δʼ οἱ θεοὶ τὴν γῆν ὕδασι καθαίροντες κατακλύζωσιν, οἱ μὲν ἐν τοῖς ὄρεσι“ καὶ τὰ ἑξῆς. λεκτέον οὖν ὅτι ἆρʼ ἐὰν μὲν ἐκεῖνοι ταῦτα φάσκωσι, σεμνά ἐστι καὶ λόγου ἄξια τὰ ἐπαγγελλόμενα, ἐὰν δʼ ἡμεῖς τάδε τινὰ ὑπὸ Ἑλλήνων ἐπαινούμενα καὶ αὐτοὶ κατασκευάζωμεν, οὐκέτι καλά ἐστι ταῦτα δόγματα; καίτοι γε οἷς μέλει τῆς πάντων γεγραμμένων διαρθρώσεως καὶ ἀκριβείας πειράσονται δεικνύναι οὐ μόνον τὴν ἀρχαιότητα τῶν ταῦτα γραψάντων ἀλλὰ καὶ τὴν σεμνότητα τῶν λελεγμένων καὶ τὸ ἀκόλουθον αὐτοῖς.

English · Claude translation

Then, since he represents in their own persons the Jews explaining the reason for the coming of Christ which they expect, and the Christians speaking about the coming of the Son of God into human life which has already taken place, come, let us consider these things too briefly, as far as possible. The Jews in his work say that “life, being filled with every wickedness, needs one sent down from God, so that the unjust may be punished and all things purified, as in the first flood that happened.” And since the Christians are said to add other things to these, it is clear that he says these things are said by them too. What absurdity is there in one coming, when wickedness overflows, to purify the world and treat each according to his worth? For it is not in keeping with God not to stop the spread of wickedness and renew all things. The Greeks too know that the earth is purified periodically by flood or fire, as Plato somewhere says thus: “When the gods, purifying the earth with waters, flood it, those in the mountains,” and so on. It must be said, then: If they say these things, are the things promised dignified and worthy of consideration, but if we too establish some such things praised by the Greeks, are these no longer good doctrines? And yet those who care for the careful and accurate treatment of everything written will try to show not only the antiquity of those who wrote these things, but also the dignity of what was said and its consistency.

About this passage

Source
Koetschau 1:289–290 · Paul Koetschau, ed., Origenes Werke 1–2: Gegen Celsus, GCS 2–3 (Leipzig: Hinrichs, 1899) · Greek text: P. Koetschau, Origenes Werke 1–2 (GCS 2–3, 1899), digitized by the Perseus Digital Library and published by the First Thousand Years of Greek project (Open Greek and Latin), CC BY-SA 4.0
Text
As printed in Koetschau, GCS 2–3. Manuscript variants and the editor's apparatus are not reproduced; no textual problem is noted in this passage.
Translation
Claude translation (claude-opus-5-5), 2026-09-27 · Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Koetschau, GCS 2–3; made independently of existing English translations.
Compare
Ante-Nicene Fathers, vol. 4 (1885) (an older public-domain English translation, whole volume at CCEL; checked against ours only after ours was made)
Scripture
Extrabiblical texts
  • Plato, Tim. 22d (Plato (works)) · quotation, high confidence
Topics
Eschatology

Notes

Translation notes

  • The quotation is Plato, Timaeus 22d; the flood is Gen 6–8.

Cite this passage

Origen, Cels. 4.20 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/origen-celsum/4/20/).

Plain text
Origen, Cels. 4.20 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/origen-celsum/4/20/).

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