Against Celsus 5.43

Summary: The Jewish law, such as its release of slaves after six years, is far better than other nations' laws; even the least Jew worships the one God while philosophers bow to idols, and had Israel not killed the prophets and plotted against Jesus it would model the heavenly city Plato sought.

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Greek text · Koetschau 2:46–47

Τὸ δὲ μὴ ἐξεῖναι δουλεύειν τὸν ἀπὸ τῶν αὐτῶν ὁρμώμενον δογμάτων πλεῖον ἐτῶν ἓξ πῶς ἐστι λελογισμένον καὶ οὔτε τὸν δεσπότην οὔτε τὸν δοῦλον ἀδικοῦν, τί χρὴ λέγειν; οὐ κατὰ τὰ αὐτὰ οὖν τοῖς λοιποῖς ἔθνεσι περιστέλλοιεν ἂν Ἰουδαῖοι τὸν ἴδιον νόμον. μεμπτὸν γάρ ἐστιν αὐτοῖς καὶ ἀναισθησίας ἔγκλημα ἐπάγον τῆς περὶ τῆς τῶν νόμων ὑπεροχῆς. εἰ νομίζοιεν αὐτοὺς ὁμοίως τοῖς ἄλλοις γεγράφθαι τοῖς κατὰ τὰ ἔθνη. κἂν μὴ βούληται δὲ Κέλσος, σοφώτερόν τι εἰσὶν εἰδότες Ἰουδαῖοι οὐ μόνον τῶν πολλῶν ἀλλὰ καὶ τῶν φιλοσοφεῖν δοκούντων. ὅτι οἱ μὲν φιλοσοφοῦντες μετὰ τοὺς σεμνοὺς ἐν φιλοσοφίᾳ λόγους καταπίπτουσιν ἐπὶ τὰ εἴδωλα καὶ τοὺς δαίμονας, Ἰουδαίων δὲ καὶ ὁ ἔσχατος μόνῳ ἐνορᾷ τῷ ἐπὶ πᾶσι θεῷ· καὶ καλῶς γε ὅσον ἐπὶ τούτῳ σεμνύνονται καὶ τὴν τῶν ἄλλων ὡς ἐναγῶν καὶ ἀσεβῶν ἐκτρέπονται κοινωνίαν. καὶ εἴθε αὐτοῖς μὴ ἡμάρτητο παρανομήσασι καὶ πρότερον μὲν „τοὺς προφήτας“ ἀποκτείνασιν ὕστερον δὲ καὶ τῷ Ἰησοῦ ἐπιβουλεύσασιν· ἵνʼ ἔχωμεν παράδειγμα πόλεως οὐρανίας, ἣν ἐζήτησε μὲν διαγράψαι καὶ Πλάτων οὐκ οἶδα δὲ εἰ τοσοῦτον δεδύνηται, ὅσον Μωϋσῆς ἴσχυσε καὶ οἱ μετʼ αὐτὸν, „γένος τι ἐκλεκτὸν“ καὶ „ἔθνος ἅγιον“ καὶ θεῷ ἀνακείμενον ἐντρέφοντες λόγοις καθαροῖς ἀπὸ πάσης δεισιδαιμονίας.

English · Claude translation

And what need is there to say how reasonable it is, and unjust neither to master nor to slave, that one who starts from the same doctrines may not be kept a slave for more than six years? The Jews, then, would not maintain their own law on the same grounds as the other nations. For it is blameworthy of them, and brings a charge of insensibility to the superiority of their laws, if they were to think them written in the same way as the others among the nations. And even if Celsus does not wish it, the Jews know something wiser, not only than the many, but also than those who seem to philosophize; because the philosophers, after their venerable words in philosophy, fall down before idols and demons, while even the least of the Jews looks to the God over all alone. And in this respect they rightly pride themselves and turn away from fellowship with others as defiled and impious. And would that they had not sinned by breaking the law, and first killed "the prophets" and later plotted against Jesus too, so that we might have an example of the heavenly city, which Plato too sought to describe, though I do not know whether he was as able as Moses and those after him proved to be, who nurtured "a chosen race" and "a holy nation," dedicated to God, with words pure of all superstition.

About this passage

Source
Koetschau 2:46–47 · Paul Koetschau, ed., Origenes Werke 1–2: Gegen Celsus, GCS 2–3 (Leipzig: Hinrichs, 1899) · Greek text: P. Koetschau, Origenes Werke 1–2 (GCS 2–3, 1899), digitized by the Perseus Digital Library and published by the First Thousand Years of Greek project (Open Greek and Latin), CC BY-SA 4.0
Text
As printed in Koetschau, GCS 2–3. Manuscript variants and the editor's apparatus are not reproduced; no textual problem is noted in this passage.
Translation
Claude translation (claude-opus-5-5), 2026-09-27 · Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Koetschau, GCS 2–3; made independently of existing English translations.
Compare
Ante-Nicene Fathers, vol. 4 (1885) (an older public-domain English translation, whole volume at CCEL; checked against ours only after ours was made)
Scripture
Extrabiblical texts
  • Plato, Resp. (Plato (works)) · allusion, medium confidence
Topics
Ethics

Notes

Translation notes

  • The allusions are Exod 21:2 (Deut 15:12), 1 Thess 2:15 (cf. Matt 23:37), and 1 Pet 2:9. Plato's ideal city is described in the Republic.

Cite this passage

Origen, Cels. 5.43 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/origen-celsum/5/43/).

Plain text
Origen, Cels. 5.43 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/origen-celsum/5/43/).

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