Against Celsus 8.47

Summary: If one weighs the wonders of Greeks, Jews, and Christians by their purpose and results, the Christian ones stand out: unlettered apostles could not have converted people from ancestral customs without real divine power and miracles.

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Greek text · Koetschau 2:261–262

Ἀλλʼ ἐροῦσιν Ἕλληνες ταῦτα μύθους. καίτοι γε μαρτυρούμενα ὡς ἀληθῆ ὑπὸ ὅλων δύο ἐθνῶν. τί δὲ οὐχὶ μᾶλλον τὰ Ἑλλήνων μῦθοι ἢ ταῦτα; εἰ δὲ καὶ ὁμόσε τις χωρήσας τῷ λόγῳ. ἵνα μὴ δόξῃ ἀποκληρωτικῶς τὰ μὲν σφέτερα παραδέχεσθαι τοῖς δʼ ἀλλοτρίοις ἀπιστεῖν, φήσαι καὶ τὰ Ἑλλήνων ὑπό τινων γεγονέναι δαιμόνων καὶ τὰ Ἰουδαίων ἤτοι ὑπὸ τοῦ θεοῦ διὰ τῶν προφητῶν ἢ ὑπὸ τῶν ἀγγέλων ἢ ὑπὸ τοῦ θεοῦ διὰ τῶν ἀγγέλων, καὶ τὰ Χριστιανῶν δὲ ὑπὸ τοῦ Ἰησοῦ καὶ τῆς ἐν τοῖς ἀποστόλοις δυνάμεως αὐτοῦ· φέρʼ ἅπαντα παραθῶμεν ἀλλήλοις καὶ τὸ τέλος ἴδωμεν τοῦ βουλήματος τῶν ἐνεργησάντων καὶ τὴν ἀπὸ τούτου ὠφέλειαν ἢ βλάβην ἢ οὐδέτερα τῶν τὰς νομιζομένας εὐεργεσίας πεπονθότων, εἰ μὴ φιλόσοφον μὲν ὄψεται τὸ πάλαι Ἰουδαίων ἔθνος, πρὶν ἐξυβρίσωσιν εἰς τὸ θεῖον, ὑφʼ οὗ διὰ τὴν πολλὴν κακίαν ἐγκατελείφθησαν, παραδόξως δὲ συστάντας Χριστιανοὺς κατὰ τὴν ἀρχὴν μάλιστα ὑπὸ τῶν τεραστίων ἤπερ τῶν προτρεπτικῶν λόγων προσαγομένους τῷ καταλιπεῖν μὲν τὰ πάτρια αἱρεῖσθαι δὲ τὰ τῶν πατρίων ἀλλότρια. καὶ γὰρ, εἰ χρὴ καὶ τῷ εἰκότι χρῆσθαι λόγῳ περὶ τῆς ἀρχῆθεν Χριστιανῶν συστάσεως, φήσομεν ὅτι οὐ πιθανὸν οὔτε τοὺς Ἰησοῦ ἀποστόλους, ἄνδρας ἀγραμμάτους καὶ ἰδιώτας, ἄλλῳ τινὶ τεθαῤῥηκέναι πρὸς τὸ καταγγεῖλαι τοῖς ἀνθρώποις χριστιανισμὸν ἢ τῇ δοθείσῃ αὐτοῖς δυνάμει καὶ τῇ ἐν τῷ λόγῳ εἰς τὰ δηλούμενα πράγματα χάριτι, ἀλλʼ οὐδὲ τοὺς ἀκροωμένους αὐτῶν μετατεθεῖσθαι ἐκ πατρίων πολυχρονίων ἐθῶν, μὴ ἀξιολόγου τινὸς δυνάμεως αὐτοὺς καὶ τεραστίων πραγμάτων μετακινησάντων ἐπὶ τὰ οὕτως ξένα καὶ ἀλλότρια τῶν συντρόφων αὐτοῖς δογμάτων.

English · Claude translation

But the Greeks will say these things are myths, although they are attested as true by two whole nations. Why are not the stories of the Greeks myths rather than these? And if someone, coming to close quarters with the argument so as not to seem to accept arbitrarily what is his own and disbelieve what is another's, were to say that the Greek wonders were done by certain demons, and the Jewish ones either by God through the prophets, or by the angels, or by God through the angels, and the Christian ones by Jesus and his power in the apostles, come, let us compare them all with one another and see the end of the intention of those who worked them, and the benefit or harm, or neither, to those who received the supposed benefits. Will he not see that the Jewish nation of old was philosophical, before they committed outrage against the divine, by whom they were abandoned because of their great wickedness; and that the Christians came together in a marvellous way, drawn at the beginning especially by miracles rather than by exhortations to leave their ancestral customs and choose what was foreign to them? For indeed, if one must use a probable argument about the first formation of the Christians, we shall say that it is not credible either that the apostles of Jesus, unlettered and simple men, took courage to proclaim Christianity to men from anything other than the power given them and the grace in their word for the things they declared; or that their hearers were moved from long-standing ancestral customs, unless some remarkable power and marvellous deeds had moved them to doctrines so strange and foreign to those in which they had been raised.

About this passage

Source
Koetschau 2:261–262 · Paul Koetschau, ed., Origenes Werke 1–2: Gegen Celsus, GCS 2–3 (Leipzig: Hinrichs, 1899) · Greek text: P. Koetschau, Origenes Werke 1–2 (GCS 2–3, 1899), digitized by the Perseus Digital Library and published by the First Thousand Years of Greek project (Open Greek and Latin), CC BY-SA 4.0
Text
As printed in Koetschau, GCS 2–3. Manuscript variants and the editor's apparatus are not reproduced; no textual problem is noted in this passage.
Translation
Claude translation (claude-opus-5-5), 2026-09-27 · Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Koetschau, GCS 2–3; made independently of existing English translations.
Compare
Ante-Nicene Fathers, vol. 4 (1885) (an older public-domain English translation, whole volume at CCEL; checked against ours only after ours was made)
Scripture
Topics
Scripture and canon

Notes

Translation notes

  • “Unlettered and simple men” is Acts 4:13. Origen's remark that the Jewish nation was abandoned for wickedness reflects his polemical reading of history and is translated as written.

Notes on the original text

  • Digital text corrected (missing accent in the digital text): μῦθοι η ταῦτα → μῦθοι ἢ ταῦτα.

Cite this passage

Origen, Cels. 8.47 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/origen-celsum/8/47/).

Plain text
Origen, Cels. 8.47 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/origen-celsum/8/47/).

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