To Autolycus 3.16

Summary: Theophilus turns to chronology: the Greek philosophers' vast ages for the world are guesswork, as Plato himself admits.

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Greek text · Otto 8:226–228

Θέλω δέ σοι καὶ τὰ τῶν χρόνων θεοῦ παρέχοντος νῦν ἀκριβέστερον ἐπιδεῖξαι, ἵνα ἐπιγνῷς ὅτι οὐ πρόσφατος οὐδὲ μυθώδης ἐστὶν ὁ καθʼ ἡμᾶς λόγος, ἀλλʼ ἀρχαιότερος καὶ ἀληθέστερος ἁπάντων ποιητῶν καὶ συγγραφέων, τῶν ἐπʼ ἀδήλῳ συγγραψάντων. Οἱ μὲν γὰρ τὸν κόσμον ἀγένητον εἰπόντες εἰς τὸ ἀπέραντον ἐχώρησαν, ἕτεροι δὲ γενητὸν φήσαντες εἶπον ὡς ἤδη μυριάδας ἐτῶν πεντεκαίδεκα ἐληλυθέναι καὶ τρισχίλια ἑβδομήκοντα πέντε ἔτη. Ταῦτα μὲν οὖν Ἀπολλώνιος ὁ Αἰγύπτιος ἱστορεῖ. Πλάτων δέ, ὁ δοκῶν Ἑλλήνων σοφώτερος γεγενῆσθαι, εἰς πόσην φλυαρίαν ἐχώρησεν ! Ἐν γὰρ ταῖς Πολιτείαις αὐτοῦ ἐπιγραφομέναις ῥητῶς κεῖται· Πῶς γὰρ ἄν, εἴ γε ἔμενε τάδε οὕτως πάντα χρόνον ὡς νῦν διακοσμεῖται, καινὸν ἀνευρίσκετό ποτε ὁτιοῦν [τοῦτο]; Ὅτι μὲν μυριάκις μυρία ἔτη διελάνθανεν ἄρα τοὺς τότε· χίλια δʼ ἀφʼ οὗ γέγονεν ἢ δὶς τοσαῦτα ἔτη· τὰ μὲν ἀπὸ Δαιδάλου καταφανῆ γέγονεν, τὰ δὲ ἀπὸ Ὀρφέως, τὰ δὲ ἀπὸ Παλαμήδους. Καὶ ταῦτα εἰπὼν γεγενῆσθαι, τὰ μὲν μυριάκις μυρία ἔτη ἀπὸ κατακλυσμοῦ ἕως Δαιδάλου δηλοῖ. Καὶ πολλὰ φήσας περὶ πόλεων κατὰ κόσμον καὶ οἰκήσεων καὶ ἐθνῶν, ὁμολογεῖ εἰκασμῷ ταῦτα εἰρηκέναι. Λέγει γάρ· Εἰ γοῦν, ὦ ξένε, τις ἡμῖν ὑπόσχηται θεὸς ὡς, ἂν ἐπιχειρήσωμεν τῇ τῆς νομοθεσίας σκέψει, τῶν νῦν εἰρημένων—. Δηλονότι εἰκασμῷ ἔφη· εἰ δὲ εἰκασμῷ, οὐκ ἄρα ἀληθῆ ἐστιν τὰ ὑπʼ αὐτοῦ εἰρημένα.

English · Claude translation

Now I wish, God permitting, to show you more precisely the matter of chronology, so that you may know that our teaching is not recent or mythical, but older and truer than all the poets and writers, who wrote about what they could not know. Some said that the world is uncreated and went on into infinity; others said it was created and that 153,075 years have already passed. This is what Apollonius the Egyptian relates. And Plato, who is thought to have been the wisest of the Greeks, what nonsense he came to! In the work he calls the Republic it is written in so many words: “For how, if these things had remained for all time as they are now ordered, would anything new ever have been discovered? For ten thousand times ten thousand years these things were unknown to the people of those times; it is a thousand years, or twice as many, since they came to be: some were made known by Daedalus, some by Orpheus, some by Palamedes.” And in saying that these things came about, he indicates ten thousand times ten thousand years from the flood to Daedalus. And after saying much about the cities of the world, their settlements and nations, he admits that he has said these things by guesswork. For he says: “If, stranger, some god were to promise us that, if we undertook the examination of legislation, what has now been said …” Clearly he spoke by guesswork; and if by guesswork, then what he said is not true.

About this passage

Source
Otto 8:226–228 · Johann Carl Theodor Otto, ed., Theophili episcopi Antiocheni ad Autolycum libri tres, Corpus apologetarum Christianorum saeculi secundi 8 (Jena: Mauke, 1861) · Greek text: J. C. T. Otto, Theophili episcopi Antiocheni ad Autolycum libri tres (Corpus apologetarum Christianorum saeculi secundi 8, 1861), digitized by the Perseus Digital Library and published by the First Thousand Years of Greek project (Open Greek and Latin), CC BY-SA 4.0
Text
As printed in Otto, CorpApol 8. Manuscript variants and the editor's apparatus are not reproduced; no textual problem is noted in this passage.
Translation
Claude translation (claude-opus-5-5), 2026-09-26 · Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Otto (1861); made independently of existing English translations.
Compare
Ante-Nicene Fathers, vol. 2 (1885) (an older public-domain English translation, whole volume at CCEL; checked against ours only after ours was made)
Extrabiblical texts
  • Plato, Leg. 677c (Plato (works)) · quotation, high confidence
  • Plato, Leg. 683e (Plato (works)) · quotation, high confidence
Topics
Scripture and canon

Notes

Translation notes

  • The Plato passages are from the Laws (3.677c–d and 3.683e), not the Republic. The word in square brackets is marked by the editor as doubtful.

Notes on the original text

  • Digital text corrected (misprint: ἔρα for ἄρα): διελάνθανεν ἔρα → διελάνθανεν ἄρα.

Cite this passage

Theophilus, Autol. 3.16 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/theophilus-autolycus/3/16/).

Plain text
Theophilus, Autol. 3.16 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/theophilus-autolycus/3/16/).

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