To Autolycus 3.6

Summary: Plato's community of wives and the incest and sodomy taught (so Theophilus says) by Epicurus and the Stoics show that the charges of immorality belong to the philosophers.

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Greek text · Otto 8:198–202

Καὶ γὰρ περὶ ἀθέσμου πράξεως σχεδὸν πᾶσιν συμπεφώνηκεν τοῖς περὶ τὸν χορὸν τῆς φιλοσοφίας πεπλανημένοις. Καὶ πρῶτός γε Πλάτων, ὁ δοκῶν ἐν αὐτοῖς σεμνότερον πεφιλοσοφηκέναι, διαῤῥήδην ἐν τῇ πρώτῃ βίβλῳ τῶν Πολιτειῶν ἐπιγραφομένῃ τρόπῳ τινὶ νομοθετεῖ χρῆν εἶναι κοινὰς ἁπάντων τὰς γυναῖκας, χρώμενος παραδείγματι τῷ Διὸς καὶ Κρητῶν νομοθέτῃ, ὅπως διὰ προφάσεως παιδοποιΐα πολλὴ γίνηται ἐκ τῶν τοιούτων, καὶ ὡς δῆθεν τοὺς λυπουμένους διὰ τοιούτων ὁμιλιῶν χρῆν παραμυθεῖσθαι. Ἐπίκουρος δὲ καὶ αὐτὸς σὺν τῷ ἀθεότητα διδάσκειν συμβουλεύει καὶ μητράσι καὶ ἀδελφαῖς συμμίγνυσθαι, καὶ πέρα τῶν νόμων τῶν τόδε κωλυόντων. Ὁ γὰρ Σόλων καὶ περὶ τούτου σαφῶς ἐνομοθέτησεν, ὅπως ἐκ τοῦ γήμαντος οἱ παῖδες νομίμως γίνωνται, πρὸς τὸ μὴ ἐκ μοιχείας τοὺς γεννωμένους εἶναι, ἵνα μὴ τὸν οὐκ ὄντα πατέρα τιμήσῃ τις ὡς πατέρα, ἢ τὸν ὄντως πατέρα ἀτιμάσῃ τις, ἀγνοῶν ὡς μὴ πατέρα. Ὁπόσα τε οἱ λοιποὶ νόμοι κωλύουσιν Ῥωμαίων τε καὶ Ἑλλήνων τὰ τοιαῦτα πράσσεσθαι. Πρὸς τί οὖν Ἐπίκουρος καὶ οἱ Στωϊκοὶ δογματίζουσιν ἀδελφοκοιτίας καὶ ἀῤῥενοβασίας ἐπιτελεῖσθαι, ἐξ ὧν διδασκαλιῶν, μεστὰς βιβλιοθήκας πεποιήκασιν, εἰς τὸ ἐκ παίδων μανθάνειν τὴν ἄθεσμον κοινωνίαν; Καὶ τί μοι λοιπὸν κατατρίβεσθαι περὶ αὐτῶν, ὅπου γε καὶ περὶ τῶν θεῶν παρʼ αὐτοῖς λεγομένων τὰ ὅμοια κατηγγέλκασιν;

English · Claude translation

And about lawless conduct, nearly all who have strayed in the chorus of philosophy are in agreement. First of all Plato, who is thought to have philosophized more nobly than the rest, in the first book of what he calls the Republic expressly lays down, in a way, that wives should be common to all. He uses the example of the son of Zeus, the lawgiver of the Cretans, so that on this pretext many children may be born of such unions, and, as he supposes, those who are grieving may be consoled by such intercourse. Epicurus too, besides teaching atheism, advises intercourse with mothers and sisters, even in defiance of the laws that forbid it. For Solon legislated clearly about this, that children should be born lawfully of a husband, so that those born would not be the offspring of adultery, and no one would honor as his father a man who was not his father, or dishonor his real father through not knowing that he was his father. And all the other laws, of the Romans and of the Greeks, forbid such things to be done. Why, then, do Epicurus and the Stoics teach incest and intercourse between males, filling whole libraries with such teachings, so that people learn lawless intercourse from childhood? And why should I spend more time on them, when they have proclaimed the same sort of things about those they call gods?

About this passage

Source
Otto 8:198–202 · Johann Carl Theodor Otto, ed., Theophili episcopi Antiocheni ad Autolycum libri tres, Corpus apologetarum Christianorum saeculi secundi 8 (Jena: Mauke, 1861) · Greek text: J. C. T. Otto, Theophili episcopi Antiocheni ad Autolycum libri tres (Corpus apologetarum Christianorum saeculi secundi 8, 1861), digitized by the Perseus Digital Library and published by the First Thousand Years of Greek project (Open Greek and Latin), CC BY-SA 4.0
Text
As printed in Otto, CorpApol 8. Manuscript variants and the editor's apparatus are not reproduced; no textual problem is noted in this passage.
Translation
Claude translation (claude-opus-5-5), 2026-09-26 · Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Otto (1861); made independently of existing English translations.
Compare
Ante-Nicene Fathers, vol. 2 (1885) (an older public-domain English translation, whole volume at CCEL; checked against ours only after ours was made)
Extrabiblical texts
  • Plato, Resp. 457c (Plato (works)) · allusion, high confidence
Topics
Ethics, Persecution

Notes

Translation notes

  • The community of wives is in Plato, Republic 5 (457c–d), not the first book; the “lawgiver of the Cretans” is Minos.
  • “Intercourse between males” renders ἀρρενοβασίαι.

Cite this passage

Theophilus, Autol. 3.6 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/theophilus-autolycus/3/6/).

Plain text
Theophilus, Autol. 3.6 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/theophilus-autolycus/3/6/).

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