On the Resurrection of the Dead 13

Authorship disputed: The Arethas codex ascribes it to Athenagoras, and the end of the Plea (ch. 36) promises a treatment of the resurrection. Some scholars (notably R. M. Grant, 1954) have argued that its style and arguments point to a later author of the third or fourth century; others (e.g. B. Pouderon) defend Athenagoras's authorship.

Summary: God's purpose in creating human beings, to contemplate him forever, guarantees their continuance and therefore the resurrection.

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Greek text · Otto 7:238–240

Ἐπὶ δὲ τούτοις τεθαῤῥηκότες, οὐ μεῖον ἢ τοῖς ἤδη γενομένοις, καὶ τὴν ἑαυτῶν ἐπισκοποῦντες φύσιν, τήν τε μετʼ ἐνδείας καὶ φθορᾶς ζωὴν στέργομεν, ὡς τῷ παρόντι βίῳ προσήκουσαν, καὶ τὴν ἐν ἀφθαρσίᾳ διαμονὴν ἐλπίζομεν βεβαίως· ἣν οὐ παρʼ ἀνθρώπων ἀναπλάττομεν μάτην, ψευδέσιν ἑαυτοὺς βουκολοῦντες ἐλπίσιν, ἀπλανεστάτῳ δὲ πεπιστεύκαμεν ἐχεγγύῳ, τῇ τοῦ δημιουργήσαντος ἡμᾶς γνώμῃ, καθʼ ἣν ἐποίησεν ἄνθρωπον ἐκ ψυχῆς ἀθανάτου καὶ σώματος, νοῦν τε συγκατεσκεύασεν αὐτῷ καὶ νόμον ἔμφυτον ἐπὶ σωτηρίᾳ καὶ φυλακῇ τῶν παρʼ αὐτοῦ δεδομένων, ἔμφρονί τε βίῳ καὶ ζωῇ λογικῇ προσηκόντων, εὖ εἰδότες ὡς οὐκ ἂν τοιοῦτον κατεσκεύασε ζῶον καὶ πᾶσι τοῖς πρὸς διαμονὴν ἐκόσμησεν, εἰ μὴ διαμένειν ἐβούλετο τὸ γενόμενον. Εἰ τοίνυν ὁ τοῦδε τοῦ παντὸς δημιουργὸς ἐποίησεν ἄνθρωπον ἐπὶ τῷ ζωῆς ἔμφρονος μετασχεῖν, καὶ γενόμενον θεωρὸν τῆς τε μεγαλοπρεπείας αὐτοῦ καὶ τῆς ἐπὶ πᾶσι σοφίας τῇ τούτων συνδιαμένειν ἀεὶ θεωρίᾳ, κατὰ τὴν ἐκείνου γνώμην καὶ καθʼ ἣν εἴληχε φύσιν, ἡ μὲν τῆς γενέσεως αἰτία πιστοῦται τὴν εἰς ἀεὶ διαμονήν, ἡ δὲ διαμονὴ τὴν ἀνάστασιν, ἧς χωρὶς οὐκ ἂν διαμείνειεν ἄνθρωπος. Ἐκ δὲ τῶν εἰρημένων εὔδηλον ὡς τῇ τῆς γενέσεως αἰτίᾳ καὶ τῇ γνώμῃ τοῦ ποιήσαντος δείκνυται σαφῶς ἡ ἀνάστασις. Τοιαύτης δὲ τῆς αἰτίας οὔσης, καθʼ ἣν εἰς τόνδε παρῆκται τὸν κόσμον ἄνθρωπος, ἀκόλουθον ἂν εἴη τὸν τούτοις κατὰ φύσιν ἢ καθʼ εἱρμὸν ἑπόμενον διασκέψασθαι λόγον· ἕπεται δὲ κατὰ τὴν ἐξέτασιν τῇ μὲν αἰτίᾳ τῆς γενέσεως ἡ τῶν γεννηθέντων ἀνθρώπων φύσις, τῇ δὲ φύσει τῶν γενομένων ἡ τοῦ ποιήσαντος ἐπὶ τούτοις δικαία κρίσις, τούτοις τε πᾶσι τὸ τοῦ βίου τέλος. Ἐξητασμένων δὲ ἡμῖν τῶν προτεταγμένων ἐπισκεπτέον ἑξῆς τὴν τῶν ἀνθρώπων φύσιν.

English · Claude translation

Trusting in these things no less than in what has already happened, and considering our own nature, we are content with the life that is bound up with want and corruption, as befitting the present existence, and we firmly hope for continuance in incorruption. This hope we do not idly make up from human sources, feeding ourselves on false hopes; we have put our trust in a most unfailing pledge, the purpose of the one who created us. According to this purpose he made the human being of an immortal soul and a body, and furnished him with intelligence and an innate law, to preserve and safeguard the gifts he had given that befit an intelligent existence and a rational life. We know well that he would not have fashioned such a living being and furnished it with everything needed for continuance if he did not will that what he made should continue. If, then, the Maker of this universe made the human being to share in an intelligent life, and, having become a beholder of his majesty and of his wisdom in all things, to continue forever in the contemplation of these, according to God's purpose and the nature the human being received, then the cause of his creation guarantees his everlasting continuance, and his continuance guarantees the resurrection, without which the human being would not continue. From what has been said it is clear that the resurrection is plainly shown by the cause of creation and by the purpose of the Maker. Such being the cause for which the human being was brought into this world, it would be fitting to consider next the argument that follows from it naturally or in due sequence. In the order of inquiry, the nature of the human beings created follows the cause of their creation; the just judgment of their Maker upon them follows their nature; and the end of their life follows all of these. Having examined what comes first, we must next consider the nature of human beings.

About this passage

Source
Otto 7:238–240 · Johann Carl Theodor Otto, ed., Athenagorae philosophi Atheniensis opera, Corpus apologetarum Christianorum saeculi secundi 7 (Jena: Mauke, 1857) · Greek text: J. C. T. Otto, Athenagorae philosophi Atheniensis opera (Corpus apologetarum Christianorum saeculi secundi 7, 1857), digitized by the Perseus Digital Library and published by the First Thousand Years of Greek project (Open Greek and Latin), CC BY-SA 4.0
Text
As printed in Otto, CorpApol 7. Manuscript variants and the editor's apparatus are not reproduced; no textual problem is noted in this passage.
Translation
Claude translation (claude-opus-5-5), 2026-09-26 · Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Otto (1857); made independently of existing English translations.
Compare
Ante-Nicene Fathers, vol. 2 (1885) (an older public-domain English translation, whole volume at CCEL; checked against ours only after ours was made)
Topics
Eschatology

Notes

Notes on the original text

  • Digital text corrected (misprint: ἐφθαρσίᾳ for ἀφθαρσίᾳ (“incorruption”)): ἐν ἐφθαρσίᾳ → ἐν ἀφθαρσίᾳ.

Cite this passage

Athenagoras, Res. 13 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/athenagoras-resurrection/13/).

Plain text
Athenagoras, Res. 13 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/athenagoras-resurrection/13/).

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