The Instructor 2.1.14
Summary: The fish Peter caught stands for simple, God-given food and for putting away greed; not everything permitted is profitable, and God, who feeds the birds, provides our needs.
Greek text · Stählin 1:163–164
εἰσηγούμενος ὑπόδειγμα. ὁ γοῦν ἰχθὺς ἐκεῖνος, ὃν κελεύσαντος τοῦ κυρίου ὁ Πέτρος εἷλεν, εὔκολον καὶ αὐτὸς καὶ θεοδώρητον καὶ σώφρονα αἰνίττεται τροφήν· ἀφαιρεῖν γέ τοι ὑποτίθεται τῶν ἐξ ὕδατος ἀνιόντων ἐπὶ τὸ τῆς δικαιοσύνης δέλεαρ τὴν ἀσωτίαν καὶ τὴν φιλαργυρίαν, ὡς τὸ νόμισμα τοῦ ἰχθύος, ἵνα χωρίσῃ τὴν κενοδοξίαν, καὶ τὸν στατῆρα τοῖς τελώναις δούς, τὰ Καίσαρος ἀποδοὺς τῷ Καίσαρι, φυλάξῃ τὰ τοῦ θεοῦ τῷ θεῷ. ἔχοι δʼ ἂν καὶ ἄλλας ἐπιλύσεις οὐκ ἀγνοουμένας ὁ στατήρ, ἀλλʼ οὐχ ὁ παρὼν ἐπιτήδειος τῆς ἐξεργασίας καιρός. ἀπόχρη δὲ ὑπόμνησις συγχρωμένων ἡμῶν εἰς τὸ προκείμενον οὐκ ἀπᾴδουσιν τοῦ λόγου τοῖς ἄνθεσιν, ὅπερ ἤδη πολλάκις πεποιήκαμεν, πρὸς τὸ κατεπεῖγον τοῦ ζητήματος τὴν πολυωφελῆ περιέλκοντες εἰς ἀρδείαν τῶν φυτευομένων ὑπὸ τοῦ λόγου πηγήν. καὶ γὰρ εἰ »πάντων μεταλαμβάνειν ἔξεστί μοι, ἀλλʼ οὐ πάντα συμφέρει«· ταχὺ γὰρ καταπίπτουσιν ἐπὶ τὸ δρᾶν τὸ μὴ ἐξὸν οἱ πάντα δρῶντες ἃ ἐξόν. ὡς δὲ ἡ δικαιοσύνη διὰ πλεονεξίας οὐ περιγίνεται οὐδὲ ἡ σωφροσύνη διʼ ἀκολασίας, οὕτως οὐδὲ ἡ τοῦ Χριστιανοῦ δίαιτα ἡδυπαθείᾳ περικτᾶται· πόρρω γάρ ἐστι τῶν »πασχητιώντων ἐδεσμάτων« ἡ τράπεζα τῆς ἀληθείας. εἰ γὰρ καὶ τὰ μάλιστα ἕνεκεν τῶν ἀνθρώπων ἐγένετο τὰ πάντα, ἀλλʼ οὐ πᾶσι χρῆσθαι καλόν, ἀλλʼ οὐδὲ ἀεί. καὶ γὰρ καὶ ὁ καιρὸς καὶ ὁ χρόνος καὶ ὁ τρόπος καὶ τὸ πρὸς τί οὐκ ὀλίγην τῷ παιδαγωγουμένῳ πρὸς τὸ λυσιτελὲς ἐνδίδωσι ῥοπήν, καὶ τό γε [ἔστιν] ἐπιτήδειον ἰσχὺν ἔχει καταργῆσαι τὸν ἐπιγάστριον βίον, οὗ πλοῦτός ἐστιν ἐκκλητικός, οὐ βλέπων ὀξύ, ἀλλʼ ἡ τυφλώττουσα περὶ τὴν γαστριμαργίαν περιουσία. οὐδεὶς δέ ἐστι πένης εἰς τὰ ἀναγκαῖα, οὐδὲ περιορᾶταί ποτε ἄνθρωπος· ὁ γὰρ καὶ τὰ πτηνὰ καὶ τὰ νηκτὰ καὶ συνελόντι εἰπεῖν τὰ ἄλογα ζῷα διατρέφων εἷς ἐστιν, ὁ θεός· λείπει δὲ αὐτοῖς οὐδὲ ἓν ὁτιοῦν μὴ μεριμνῶσι τροφῆς. ἡμεῖς δὲ καὶ τούτων ἀμείνους, ὅσῳ καὶ κύριοι, καὶ θεῷ οἰκειότεροι, ὅσῳ σωφρονέστεροι. γεγόναμεν δὲ οὐχ ἵνα ἐσθίωμεν καὶ πίνωμεν, ἀλλʼ ἵνα ὦμεν εἰς ἐπίγνωσιν γεγονότες τοῦ θεοῦ. »δίκαιος γάρ«, φησίν, »ἐσθίων ἐμπίμπλαται τῇ ψυχῇ, κοιλίαι δὲ ἀσεβῶν ἐνδεεῖς«, ἀκαταπαύστου λιχνείας ὀρεγόμεναι.
English · Claude translation
(… example of simple food.) And that fish which Peter caught at the Lord's command also hints at easy, God-given, and temperate food. He advises us to take away from those who come up out of the water to the bait of righteousness their profligacy and love of money, like the coin from the fish, so as to separate them from vainglory; and, giving the stater to the tax collectors, rendering to Caesar what is Caesar's, to keep for God what is God's. The stater could have other interpretations, not unknown to us, but the present is not the right time to work them out. It is enough to recall it, using for our purpose flowers of the Word that are in tune with it, as we have often done already, drawing the most useful spring to the urgent point of the inquiry, to water what the Word has planted. For even if “I am permitted to partake of all things, not all things are profitable”; for those who do everything that is permitted quickly fall into doing what is not permitted. As justice does not come from greed, nor self-control from licentiousness, so the Christian's way of life is not acquired by luxury; for the table of truth is far from “lewd dishes.” For even if all things were made above all for the sake of human beings, it is not good to use all things, nor always. The occasion, the time, the manner, and the purpose give no small weight toward what is profitable for one being instructed; and what is fitting has power to do away with the life devoted to the belly, which wealth tends to call forth: not a wealth that sees sharply, but an abundance blind about gluttony. No one is poor in necessities, nor is a human being ever overlooked; for there is one who nourishes the birds and the fish and, in a word, the irrational animals: God; and they lack nothing at all, though they take no thought for food. And we are better than they, as their masters, and nearer to God, as more self-controlled. We were not made to eat and drink, but to exist, having been made for the knowledge of God. “For the righteous man,” it says, “eats and satisfies his soul, but the bellies of the ungodly are in want,” craving unceasing daintiness.
About this passage
Notes
Translation notes
- The quotations and allusions are Matt 17:27, Matt 22:21, 1 Cor 10:23 (6:12), Matt 6:26, and Prov 13:25. “Lewd dishes” is a phrase from comedy.
Cite this passage
Clement of Alexandria, Paed. 2.1.14 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/clement-paedagogus/2/1/14/).
Plain text
Clement of Alexandria, Paed. 2.1.14 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/clement-paedagogus/2/1/14/).
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