Acts of the Council of Aquileia (381) against Palladius and Secundianus 42–76
Latin text: PL 16 (Latin text: Migne, PL 16 (1845), digitized by Open Greek and Latin (patrologia_latina-dev), University of Leipzig, CC BY-SA 4.0. The digitization has many OCR errors and stray footnote letters, flagged per section.).English: Claude (claude-opus-5-5), public domain (CC0).
Chapter 42
42PL 16:929a–929c
Sabinus episcopus dixit: « Pro Ario non respondes, ad interrogata non respondes? » Palladius dixit: « Pro Ario ego non respondi. » Sabinus episcopus dixit: « Usque adeo respondisti, ut Filium Dei negares potentem, negares verum Deum. » Palladius dixit: « Ego te judicem non patior, quem impietatis arguo. » Sabinus episcopus dixit: « Ipse nos coegisti sedere. » Palladius dixit: « Mandavi ut sederetis, ut arguerem vos. Quare subripuistis imperatori? Ut plenum concilium non esset, subripuistis. » Ambrosius episcopus dixit: « Cum Arii impietates legerentur, et impietas tua pariter condemnata est, quae consensit Arianæ impietati. Placuit tibi in epistola media lectionem proponere, quam volebas: responsum tibi est quemadmodum Filius Patrem majorem dixerit, eo quod secundum carnis susceptionem Pater major est eo. Proposuisti etiam subjectum esse Filium Dei; et in hoc responsum tibi est, quia subjectus Filius Dei secundum carnem est, non secundum divinitatem. Habes professionem nostram, nunc audi cetera. Quoniam tibi responsum est, responde ad ea, quæ leguntur. »
Bishop Sabinus said: "You do not answer for Arius; do you not answer the questions put to you?" Palladius said: "I have not answered for Arius." Bishop Sabinus said: "You answered so far as to deny that the Son of God is mighty, and to deny that he is true God." Palladius said: "I do not accept you as judge, whom I accuse of impiety." Bishop Sabinus said: "You yourself compelled us to sit." Palladius said: "I sent word that you should sit, so that I might refute you. Why did you creep up on the emperor? You crept up on him so that there would not be a full council." Bishop Ambrose said: "When the impieties of Arius were read, your impiety too was condemned along with them, since it agreed with the Arian impiety. It pleased you to bring forward, in the middle of the letter, the reading you wished; you were answered how the Son called the Father greater: that according to the taking up of flesh the Father is greater than he. You also put forward that the Son of God is subject; and on this too you were answered that the Son of God is subject according to the flesh, not according to the divinity. You have our profession; now hear the rest. Since you have been answered, answer the things that are read."
Notes and citation
Summary: Ambrose sums up the answers given to Palladius on the Father as greater and the Son as subject, and demands that he answer in turn.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR debris or slip in the digital text (line-start quotation marks, note letters, broken words, misread letters)): dixit: « a Pro → dixit: « Pro; obripuistis. → subripuistis.; c legerentur, → legerentur,; « est, → est,; b Placuit → Placuit; tibi 4 → tibi; vole- I bas: → volebas:; Pa « trem → Patrem; carnis « → carnis; « subjectum → subjectum; responsum « → responsum; car « nem → carnem; proc fessionem → professionem; cxtera. → cetera.; Quoniam « → Quoniam; c ad → ad; ea, quæ tec guntur. → ea, quæ leguntur..
Topics: Christology, Heresy
Cite (SBL): Conc. Aquil. 42 (PL 16:929a–929c; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/council-aquileia-381/42/#p-42). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin (PL 16; noisy OCR, unreadable passages marked …); no public-domain English exists, so the translation was re-read against the Latin.
Chapter 43
43PL 16:929c–929a
Palladius dixit: « Non tibi respondeo; quia quæcumque ego dixi, non sunt scripta: vestra tantummodo scribuntur verba: non vobis respondeo. » Ambrosius episcopus dixit: « Omnia vides scribi. Denique quæ scripta sunt, abundant ad tuæ impietatis indicium. » Et addidit: « Creaturam dicis Christum, an negas? » Palladius dixit: « Non respondeo. » Ambrosius episcopus dixit: « Ante horam citra acta, cum legeretur quia Arius dixit creaturam Christum, negasti: oblatum est tibi, ut damnares perfidiam, noluisti: vel nunc dic utrum natus ex Patre Christus sit, an creatus? » Palladius dixit: « Si vultis, exceptores nostri veniant, et sic totum excipiatur. » Sabinus episcopus dixit: « Adducat suos exceptores. » Palladius dixit: « Pleno concilio vobis respondebimus. »
Palladius said: "I am not answering you, because whatever I have said is not written down; only your words are written. I do not answer you." Bishop Ambrose said: "You see that everything is being written. Indeed, what has been written is more than enough to show your impiety." And he added: "Do you call Christ a creature, or do you deny it?" Palladius said: "I do not answer." Bishop Ambrose said: "An hour ago, before the minutes, when it was read that Arius called Christ a creature, you denied it; it was put to you that you should condemn the faithlessness, and you would not. At least now say whether Christ was born of the Father, or created." Palladius said: "If you wish, let our stenographers come, and so let everything be taken down." Bishop Sabinus said: "Let him bring his stenographers." Palladius said: "We will answer you in a full council."
Notes and citation
Summary: Palladius complains that only the bishops' words are recorded and refuses to say whether Christ was born or created.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR debris or slip in the digital text (line-start quotation marks, note letters, broken words, misread letters)): verba: nun vobis → verba: non vobis; « Denique → Denique; d impie « tatis → impietatis; dicis « → dicis; « citra → citra; actam, → acta,; crea « turam → creaturam; tim, → tibi,; uldamc nares → ut damnares; utrum « → utrum; Palladius dixit: Si → Palladius dixit: « Si; episcopus dixit: v Adducatsuos → episcopus dixit: « Adducat suos.
Topics: Christology, Heresy
Cite (SBL): Conc. Aquil. 43 (PL 16:929c–929a; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/council-aquileia-381/42/#p-43). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin (PL 16; noisy OCR, unreadable passages marked …); no public-domain English exists, so the translation was re-read against the Latin.
Chapter 44
44PL 16:929a–929b
Ambrosius episcopus dixit: « Attalus in tractatu Nicaeni concilii subscripsit. Neget factum, quia venit ad concilium. Dicat hodie utrum subscripserit in tractatu Nicæni concilii, an non. » Cumque Attalus reticeret, Ambrosius episcopus dixit: « Attalus presbyter licet inter Arianos sit, tamen habet auctoritatem loquendi: libere profiteatur utrum subscripserit in tractatu Nicaeni concilii sub episcopo suo Agrippino, an non. » Attalus dixit: « Jam dixisti me aliquoties damnatum: non tibi respondeo. » Ambrosius episcopus dixit: « Subscripsisti in tractatu concilii Nicaeni, an non? » Attalus dixit: « Non tibi respondeo. »
Bishop Ambrose said: "Attalus subscribed to the proceedings of the Council of Nicaea. Let him deny the fact, since he has come to the council. Let him say today whether he subscribed to the proceedings of the Council of Nicaea or not." And when Attalus was silent, Bishop Ambrose said: "Attalus the presbyter, although he is among the Arians, nevertheless has the right to speak; let him freely declare whether he subscribed to the proceedings of the Council of Nicaea under his bishop Agrippinus, or not." Attalus said: "You have already said several times that I am condemned; I do not answer you." Bishop Ambrose said: "Did you subscribe to the proceedings of the Council of Nicaea, or not?" Attalus said: "I am not answering you."
Notes and citation
Summary: Ambrose asks the presbyter Attalus whether he once subscribed to the Nicene faith under his bishop Agrippinus; Attalus refuses to answer.
- "The proceedings of the Council of Nicaea" (tractatus Nicaeni concilii): the Nicene creed, to which Attalus had evidently subscribed earlier.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR debris or slip in the digital text (line-start quotation marks, note letters, broken words, misread letters)): tra. ctatu → tractatu; « quia → quia; Uicat → Dicat; sub « scripserit → subscripserit; an non. Cumque → an non. » Cumque; « habet → habet; profiteatur « → profiteatur; sub « → sub; damna tum: → damnatum:; libi → tibi; in « → in.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Conc. Aquil. 44 (PL 16:929a–929b; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/council-aquileia-381/42/#p-44). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin (PL 16; noisy OCR, unreadable passages marked …); no public-domain English exists, so the translation was re-read against the Latin.
Chapter 45
45PL 16:929b
Palladius dixit: « Modo vultis tractatum plenum haberi, an non? » Chromatius presbyter dixit: « Creaturam non negasti, potentem negasti. Omnia negasti, quae fides catholica profitetur. » Sabinus episcopus dixit: « Testes sumus nos Attalum subscripsisse in concilio Nicaeno, et nunc nolle respondere. Quid cunctis videtur? Cumque Attalus reticeret, Ambrosius episcopus dixit: « Dicat utrum subscripserit in tractatu concilii Nicaeni, an non? »
Palladius said: "Do you want a full hearing now, or not?" Chromatius the presbyter said: "You did not deny that he is a creature; you denied that he is mighty. You have denied everything that the catholic faith professes." Bishop Sabinus said: "We are witnesses that Attalus subscribed at the Council of Nicaea, and now will not answer. What does everyone think?" And when Attalus was silent, Bishop Ambrose said: "Let him say whether he subscribed to the proceedings of the Council of Nicaea, or not."
Notes and citation
Summary: Chromatius charges Palladius with denying the catholic faith; Sabinus testifies that Attalus had subscribed to Nicaea.
- Chromatius, then a presbyter of Aquileia, later its bishop.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR debris or slip in the digital text (line-start quotation marks, note letters, broken words, misread letters)): plcnum → plenum; dixit: « e Creaturam → dixit: « Creaturam; nuDe → nunc; « Nicaeni, → Nicaeni,.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Conc. Aquil. 45 (PL 16:929b; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/council-aquileia-381/42/#p-45). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin (PL 16; noisy OCR, unreadable passages marked …); no public-domain English exists, so the translation was re-read against the Latin.
Chapter 46
46PL 16:929c
Palladius dixit: « Exceptor vester et noster stent, et omnia scribant. » Valerianus episcopus dixit: « Jam quae dixisti, et quae negasti, scripta sunt omnia. » Palladius dixit: « Dicite quod vultis. » Ambrosius episcopus dixit: « Quia saepius vult damnari Palladius, qui jam frequenter damnatus est, lego epistolam Arii, quam ille noluit condemnare: profitemini quid vobis videtur? » Omnes episcopi dixerunt: « Legatur. » Et recitata est: « Nato autem non putative, » et reliqua. Ambrosius episcopus dixit: « Respondi tibi de majore, respondi tibi et de subjecto: nunc et ipse responde. »
Palladius said: "Let your stenographer and ours stand by, and let them write everything." Bishop Valerian said: "What you have said and what you have denied has all been written already." Palladius said: "Say what you will." Bishop Ambrose said: "Since Palladius, who has often been condemned already, wishes to be condemned again and again, I am reading the letter of Arius, which he would not condemn. Declare what you think." All the bishops said: "Let it be read." And it was read: "Born, not in appearance," and so on. Bishop Ambrose said: "I have answered you about the greater; I have answered you also about the subject; now you answer too."
Notes and citation
Summary: Ambrose has Arius's letter read again ("born, not in appearance") and demands Palladius's answer.
- "Born, not in appearance" (nato autem non putative): a phrase of Arius's letter to Alexander.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR debris or slip in the digital text (line-start quotation marks, note letters, broken words, misread letters)): oronia. → omnia.; vultis. i Ambrosius → vultis. » Ambrosius; « damnari → damnari; damnatus « → damnatus; Omnesepiscopi → Omnes episcopi; mac jore, → majore,; « responde. → responde..
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Conc. Aquil. 46 (PL 16:929c; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/council-aquileia-381/42/#p-46). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin (PL 16; noisy OCR, unreadable passages marked …); no public-domain English exists, so the translation was re-read against the Latin.
Chapter 47
47PL 16:929c–931a
Palladius dixit: « Non respondebo nisi auditores veniant post Dominicam diem. » Ambrosius episcopus dixit: « Veneras tractaturus, sed posteaquam objeci tibi, vidisti epistolam Arii, quam damnare noluisti, asserere autem non potes; idcirco nunc refugis et cavillaris. Plenarie ipsam recito ad singula. Dic utrum Christus creatus videatur; an fuit, quando non fuit: an vero semper fuit unigenitus Dei Filius? Cum Arii epistolam audieris, aut damna, aut proba. »
Palladius said: "I will not answer unless hearers come, after the Lord's day." Bishop Ambrose said: "You had come to debate; but after I set before you the letter of Arius, which you would not condemn and cannot defend, you saw it, and therefore now you run away and quibble. I am reading the letter itself in full, point by point. Say whether Christ seems to you to have been created; or whether there was when he was not; or whether he was always the only-begotten Son of God. When you have heard the letter of Arius, either condemn it or approve it."
Notes and citation
Summary: Palladius asks for lay hearers after Sunday; Ambrose insists that he condemn or approve Arius's letter point by point.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR debris or slip in the digital text (line-start quotation marks, note letters, broken words, misread letters)): Palladius dixit: Non → Palladius dixit: « Non; Iractalu « rus, → tractaturus,; vidisli → vidisti; epistotam « → epistolam; non « → non; f « ipsam → ipsam; Christus « → Christus; « vero → vero; Filius?799 → Filius?; Cum « → Cum.
Topics: Christology, Heresy
Cite (SBL): Conc. Aquil. 47 (PL 16:929c–931a; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/council-aquileia-381/42/#p-47). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin (PL 16; noisy OCR, unreadable passages marked …); no public-domain English exists, so the translation was re-read against the Latin.
Chapter 48
48PL 16:931a
Palladius dixit: « Cum impietatis te arguam, te judice non utor. Transgressor es. » Sabinus episcopus dixit: « Quas impietates objicis fratri nostro et consacerdoti nostro Ambrosio, dicito. » Palladius dixit: « Jam vobis dixi, pleno concilio respondebo, et a praesentibus auditoribus. » Ambrosius episcopus dixit: « In consessu fratrum meorum cupio confutari et redargui. Quid igitur impie dixerim, dicito: sed impius tibi videor, qui pietatem astruo. » Sabinus episcopus dixit: « Ergo impius tibi videtur, qui Arii blasphemias arguit? »
Palladius said: "Since I accuse you of impiety, I do not accept you as judge. You are a transgressor." Bishop Sabinus said: "Say what impieties you charge against our brother and fellow priest Ambrose." Palladius said: "I have already told you: I will answer in a full council, and before hearers present." Bishop Ambrose said: "In the assembly of my brothers I am eager to be refuted and convicted. Say, then, what I have said impiously; but I seem impious to you because I maintain true religion." Bishop Sabinus said: "So the one who refutes the blasphemies of Arius seems impious to you?"
Notes and citation
Summary: Palladius accuses Ambrose of impiety but will not say what it is.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR debris or slip in the digital text (line-start quotation marks, note letters, broken words, misread letters)): dixil: → dixit:; dicilo. → dicito.; voLis → vobis; « meorum → meorum; et redargui. Qum igitur « → et redargui. Quid igitur; videor, « → videor,; libi → tibi; b arguit? → arguit?.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Conc. Aquil. 48 (PL 16:931a; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/council-aquileia-381/42/#p-48). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin (PL 16; noisy OCR, unreadable passages marked …); no public-domain English exists, so the translation was re-read against the Latin.
Chapter 49
49PL 16:931b
Palladius dixit: « Ego non negavi bonum Filium Dei. » Ambrosius episcopus dixit: « Dicis ergo Christum Deum bonum? » Palladius dixit: « Non vobis respondeo. » Valerianus episcopus dixit: « Nolite multum adigere Palladium, non potest vera nostra simpliciter confiteri. Ipsius enim conscientia duplici blasphemia confusa est; nam a Photinianis est ordinatus, et cum ipsis est damnatus: et nunc plenius damnabitur. Palladius dixit: « Hoc proba. » Sabinus episcopus dixit: « Non aliter poterat Christum verum negare, nisi auctores suos sequeretur. »
Palladius said: "I did not deny that the Son of God is good." Bishop Ambrose said: "Do you say, then, that Christ is good God?" Palladius said: "I do not answer you." Bishop Valerian said: "Do not press Palladius much; he cannot simply confess our true things. For his conscience is confounded by a double blasphemy: he was ordained by the Photinians, and was condemned together with them; and now he will be condemned more fully." Palladius said: "Prove this." Bishop Sabinus said: "He could not deny that Christ is true God otherwise than by following his own authors."
Notes and citation
Summary: Valerian of Aquileia charges that Palladius was ordained by Photinians and condemned with them.
- "Our true things" renders "vera nostra" as printed; the sense may be "our true faith".
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR debris or slip in the digital text (line-start quotation marks, note letters, broken words, misread letters)): c Ego → Ego; nogavi → negavi; Christum « → Christum; mullurn → multum; euim → enim; d nunc → nunc; e Christum → Christum; uegare, → negare,; seque. retur. → sequeretur..
Topics: Heresy, Church office
Cite (SBL): Conc. Aquil. 49 (PL 16:931b; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/council-aquileia-381/42/#p-49). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin (PL 16; noisy OCR, unreadable passages marked …); no public-domain English exists, so the translation was re-read against the Latin.
Chapter 50
50PL 16:931c
Ambrosius episcopus dixit: « Objecisti me esse impium, hoc proba. » Palladius dixit: « Expositionem nostram afferemus; cum autem attulerimus, tunc disputatio habebitur. » Ambrosius episcopus dixit: « Damna impietatem Arii.» Cum reticeret Palladius, Eusebius episcopus dixit: « Superfluis immoratur. Tot impietates Arii Palladius noluit condemnare, immo potius asserendo confessus est. Hunc qui non damnat, similis illius est, et hæreticus jure dicendus est. » Omnes episcopi dixerunt: « A nobis omnibus anathema sit Palladio. »
Bishop Ambrose said: "You have charged that I am impious; prove it." Palladius said: "We will bring our exposition; and when we have brought it, then there will be a debate." Bishop Ambrose said: "Condemn the impiety of Arius." When Palladius was silent, Bishop Eusebius said: "He dwells on superfluous things. Palladius would not condemn so many impieties of Arius; rather, by asserting them he has confessed them. Whoever does not condemn him is like him and is rightly to be called a heretic." All the bishops said: "By all of us let Palladius be anathema."
Notes and citation
Summary: Palladius again refuses to condemn Arius, and all the bishops anathematize him.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR debris or slip in the digital text (line-start quotation marks, note letters, broken words, misread letters)): « esse impium, boc proba. → esse impium, hoc proba.; atTeremus; → afferemus;; antem → autem; attulerimus, 1 → attulerimus,; « Arii.» → Arii.»; Supertluis → Superfluis; dixeruul: v A → dixerunt: « A.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Conc. Aquil. 50 (PL 16:931c; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/council-aquileia-381/42/#p-50). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin (PL 16; noisy OCR, unreadable passages marked …); no public-domain English exists, so the translation was re-read against the Latin.
Chapter 51
51PL 16:931c–931b
Ambrosius episcopus dixit: « Acquiescis, Palladi, ut caetera legantur Arii. » Palladius dixit: « Date auditores: veniant et ex utraque parte exceptores. Non potestis esse judices, si auditores non habuerimus; et nisi ex utraque parte venerint, qui audiant, non vobis respondemus. » Ambrosius episcopus dixit: « Quos quæris auditores?» Palladius dixit: « Sunt hic viri honorati multi. » Sabinus episcopus dixit: « Post tot blasphemias auditores petis? » Ambrosius episcopus dixit: « Sacerdotes de laicis judicare debent, non laici de sacerdotibus. Sed tamen quos judices petas, dicito. » Palladius dixit: « Auditores veniant. » Chromatius presbyter dixit: « Salva condemnatione sacerdotali, quin et qui Palladii sunt. etiam nunc in pleno legantur. »
Bishop Ambrose said: "Do you agree, Palladius, that the rest of Arius's letter be read?" Palladius said: "Give us hearers: let stenographers too come from both sides. You cannot be judges if we have no hearers; and unless people come from both sides to hear, we do not answer you." Bishop Ambrose said: "What hearers do you seek?" Palladius said: "There are many men of rank here." Bishop Sabinus said: "After so many blasphemies you ask for hearers?" Bishop Ambrose said: "Priests ought to judge laymen, not laymen priests. But nevertheless, say what judges you seek." Palladius said: "Let hearers come." Chromatius the presbyter said: "Without prejudice to the condemnation by the priests, let the things that belong to Palladius be read even now before the full assembly."
Notes and citation
Summary: Palladius demands lay hearers; Ambrose replies that priests judge laymen, not laymen priests.
- Chromatius's sentence is obscure in the Latin; translated by sense.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR debris or slip in the digital text (line-start quotation marks, note letters, broken words, misread letters)): episcopus dixit: i Acquiescis, « → episcopus dixit: « Acquiescis,; s si → si; uisi → nisi; audiant, uon vobis → audiant, non vobis; audi « tores?» → auditores?»; mulli. → multi.; petis? v. Ambrosius → petis? » Ambrosius; « judicare → judicare; de sacerdotibus. Scd « → de sacerdotibus. Sed; coudemnatione → condemnatione; h nunc → nunc; legantur. I → legantur. ».
Topics: Church office
Cite (SBL): Conc. Aquil. 51 (PL 16:931c–931b; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/council-aquileia-381/42/#p-51). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin (PL 16; noisy OCR, unreadable passages marked …); no public-domain English exists, so the translation was re-read against the Latin.
Chapter 52
52PL 16:931b
Palladius dixit: « Non permittuntur loqui. Auditores veniant, et ex utraque parte exceptores, et respondebunt vobis hi in concilio generali. » Ambrosius episcopus dixit: « Etsi in multis impietatibus deprehensus sit, erubescimus tamen ut videatur qui sacerdotium sibi vindicat, a laicis esse damnatus: ac per hoc quoque et in hoc ipso damnandus est, qui laicorum exspectat sententiam; cum magis de laicis sacerdotes debeant judicare. Juxta ea quæ hodie audivimus Palladium profitentem, et juxta ea quae condemnare noluit, pronuntio illum sacerdotio indignum et carendum, ut in loco ejus catholicus ordinetur. » Omnes episcopi dixerunt: « Anathema Palladio. »
Palladius said: "They are not permitted to speak. Let hearers come, and stenographers from both sides, and these will answer you in a general council." Bishop Ambrose said: "Although he has been caught in many impieties, we are nevertheless ashamed that one who claims the priesthood for himself should seem to have been condemned by laymen; and for this reason he is to be condemned also in this very point, that he awaits the sentence of laymen, when rather priests ought to judge laymen. According to what we have heard Palladius profess today, and according to what he would not condemn, I pronounce him unworthy of the priesthood and to be deprived of it, so that a catholic may be ordained in his place." All the bishops said: "Anathema to Palladius."
Notes and citation
Summary: Ambrose pronounces Palladius unworthy of the episcopate and deposed, so that a catholic may be ordained in his place.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR debris or slip in the digital text (line-start quotation marks, note letters, broken words, misread letters)): im « pietatibus → impietatibus; erubescemus → erubescimus; tamen. « → tamen; « esse → esse; quoque ei in → quoque et in; ipso « → ipso; « cum → cum; « Juxta → Juxta; prolilen « tem, → profitentem,; pronun « tio → pronuntio; i et → et; carenduui, → carendum,; in « → in; ordinetur. I Omnes → ordinetur. » Omnes.
Topics: Church office, Heresy
Cite (SBL): Conc. Aquil. 52 (PL 16:931b; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/council-aquileia-381/42/#p-52). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin (PL 16; noisy OCR, unreadable passages marked …); no public-domain English exists, so the translation was re-read against the Latin.
Chapter 53
53PL 16:931c
Ambrosius episcopus dixit: « Imperator clementissimus et christianus sacerdotum judicio causam, et ut ipsi arbitri essent altercationis, inquit, constituissemus. Quoniam igitur nobis judicium videtur delatum interpretes esse Scripturarum, condemnemus Palladium, qui impii Arii noluit damnare sententiam: et quia ipse Filium Dei sempiternum, et cætera quae actis inhaerent, negavit. Ergo anathema habeatur. » Omnes episcopi dixerunt: « Omnes condemnamus eum, anathema habeatur. »
Bishop Ambrose said: "The most clement and Christian emperor entrusted the case to the judgment of the priests, and said, 'we appointed them to be arbiters of the dispute.' Since, then, the judgment has been committed to us as interpreters of the Scriptures, let us condemn Palladius, who would not condemn the opinion of the impious Arius, and because he himself denied that the Son of God is everlasting, and the other things contained in the minutes. Let him therefore be held anathema." All the bishops said: "We all condemn him; let him be held anathema."
Notes and citation
Summary: Ambrose proposes, as the emperor's appointed judges, the condemnation of Palladius, and all agree.
- The staged text ended with Migne's heading for the following sections (the condemnation of Palladius by each bishop); it is removed.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR debris or slip in the digital text (line-start quotation marks, note letters, broken words, misread letters)): episcopuM → episcopus; cle- I mentissimus → clementissimus; « causam, → causam,; et 1 → et; altercationis, « → altercationis,; ju « dicium → judicium; Scriptura. rum, → Scripturarum,; condemuenus → condemnemus; no- C luit → noluit; sententam: → sententiam:; Dei « → Dei; ne. gavit. → negavit.; dixerunt: i Omnes → dixerunt: « Omnes; » PalMum singulorunt in Palladium condemnatio. → ».
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Conc. Aquil. 53 (PL 16:931c; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/council-aquileia-381/42/#p-53). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin (PL 16; noisy OCR, unreadable passages marked …); no public-domain English exists, so the translation was re-read against the Latin.
Chapter 54
54PL 16:931c–933a
Ambrosius episcopus dixit: « Quoniam omnes consistunt viri christiani, et Deo probati fratres, et consacerdotes nostri, dicat unusquisque quid sibi videatur. » Valerianus episcopus dixit: « Mihi quidem videtur, quia qui Arium defendit, Arianus est: qui blasphemias ejus non condemnat, ipse blasphemus est; ideoque hujusmodi hominem a consortio sacerdotum censeo esse alienum. » Palladius dixit: « Coepistis ludere, ludite. Sine concilio orientali vobis non respondemus. »
Bishop Ambrose said: "Since all are present, Christian men, brothers approved by God, and our fellow priests, let each say what he thinks." Bishop Valerian said: "It seems to me that whoever defends Arius is an Arian; whoever does not condemn his blasphemies is himself a blasphemer; and therefore I judge that such a man is a stranger to the fellowship of priests." Palladius said: "You have begun to play; play on. Without an Eastern council we do not answer you."
Notes and citation
Summary: Valerian of Aquileia gives the first individual sentence against Palladius.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR debris or slip in the digital text (line-start quotation marks, note letters, broken words, misread letters)): « consistunt,iri → consistunt viri; fratres, « → fratres,; quid,^ « → quid; videamur. k Valerianus → videatur. » Valerianus; MiLii → Mihi; vi detur, → videtur,; blasphentias → blasphemias; bujusmodi → hujusmodi; dixit: I Coepistis → dixit: « Coepistis.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Conc. Aquil. 54 (PL 16:931c–933a; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/council-aquileia-381/42/#p-54). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin (PL 16; noisy OCR, unreadable passages marked …); no public-domain English exists, so the translation was re-read against the Latin.
Chapter 55
55PL 16:933a–933b
Anemius episcopus Sirmiensis dixit: « Quicumque hæreses Arianas non condemnat, Arianus sit necesse est. Hunc igitur alienum etiam a nostra communione, et sacerdotali coetu denuo privatum esse censemus. » Constantius episcopus Arausicus dixit: « Palladium Arii discipulum, cujus impietates jam olim damnatæ sunt a patribus nostris in concilio Nicaeno, et nunc hodie probatae, cum recenserentur, a Palladio singulae; quia non confusus est dum Dei filium a Deo Patre esse alienum, cum creaturam confitetur: cum temporalem coepisse dicit, Dominum verum negat, in sempiternum censeo esse damnandum. »
Anemius, bishop of Sirmium, said: "Whoever does not condemn the Arian heresies must be an Arian. We judge, therefore, that he is a stranger also to our communion and is again deprived of the assembly of priests." Constantius, bishop of Orange, said: "Palladius, the disciple of Arius, whose impieties were long ago condemned by our fathers at the Council of Nicaea, and have now today been approved by Palladius one by one as they were reviewed, since he was not ashamed to make the Son of God a stranger to God the Father, while he confesses him a creature, says that he began in time, and denies him true Lord: I judge that he must be condemned for ever."
Notes and citation
Summary: Anemius of Sirmium and Constantius of Orange condemn Palladius.
- Constantius's sentence is loosely constructed in the Latin; translated by sense.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR debris or slip in the digital text (line-start quotation marks, note letters, broken words, misread letters)): a Anemius → Anemius; Qui.. cumque → Quicumque; b Constantius → Constantius; cnjus → cujus; impielates → impietates; Nicano, → Nicaeno,; Palla dio → Palladio; c non → non; conTusus → confusus; ccepisse → coepisse.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Conc. Aquil. 55 (PL 16:933a–933b; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/council-aquileia-381/42/#p-55). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin (PL 16; noisy OCR, unreadable passages marked …); no public-domain English exists, so the translation was re-read against the Latin.
Chapter 56
56PL 16:933b
Justus episcopus dixit: « Palladium, qui blasphemias Arii damnare noluit, sed etiam magis has confiteri videtur, censeo ulterius sacerdotem dici non posse, nec inter episcopos deputari. » Eventius episcopus Ticiniensis dixit: « Palladium, qui impietatem Arii damnare noluit, arbitror a consortio sacerdotali in perpetuum esse remotum.
Bishop Justus said: "Palladius, who would not condemn the blasphemies of Arius but rather seems to confess them, I judge can no longer be called a priest nor be counted among the bishops." Eventius, bishop of Pavia, said: "Palladius, who would not condemn the impiety of Arius, I consider removed for ever from the fellowship of priests."
Notes and citation
Summary: Justus of Lyon and Eventius of Pavia condemn Palladius.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR debris or slip in the digital text (line-start quotation marks, note letters, broken words, misread letters)): d Justus → Justus; mali, → magis; has. → has; coniiteri → confiteri; e Eventius → Eventius; Ticinienaia → Ticiniensis; notuit, → noluit,.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Conc. Aquil. 56 (PL 16:933b; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/council-aquileia-381/42/#p-56). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin (PL 16; noisy OCR, unreadable passages marked …); no public-domain English exists, so the translation was re-read against the Latin.
Chapter 57
57PL 16:933b–933a
Abundantius episcopus Tridentinus dixit: « Cum evidentes blasphemias Palladius defendat, damnatum se ex concilio Aquileiensi cognoscat. » Eusebius episcopus Bononiensis dixit: « Quia impietates Arii diabolico stylo conscriptas, quas non licebat nec ad aures admittere, Palladius non solum noluit condemnare; sed et earum exstitit assertor, negando Filium Dei Dominum verum, Dominum bonum, Dominum sapientem, Dominum sempiternum, hunc a caetu sacerdotali, et mea sententia et omnium catholicorum judicio arbitror jure esse damnatum. »
Abundantius, bishop of Trent, said: "Since Palladius defends evident blasphemies, let him know that he is condemned by the Council of Aquileia." Eusebius, bishop of Bologna, said: "Since Palladius not only would not condemn the impieties of Arius, written with a devilish pen, which it was not right even to admit to our ears, but has even come forward as their defender, denying that the Son of God is true Lord, good Lord, wise Lord, everlasting Lord, I consider him rightly condemned and removed from the assembly of priests, both by my own sentence and by the judgment of all catholics."
Notes and citation
Summary: Abundantius of Trent and Eusebius of Bologna condemn Palladius.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR debris or slip in the digital text (line-start quotation marks, note letters, broken words, misread letters)): t Eusebius → Eusebius; Bononleusis → Bononiensis; a Dominum → Dominum; catbolicorum → catholicorum.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Conc. Aquil. 57 (PL 16:933b–933a; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/council-aquileia-381/42/#p-57). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin (PL 16; noisy OCR, unreadable passages marked …); no public-domain English exists, so the translation was re-read against the Latin.
Chapter 58
58PL 16:933a–933b
Sabinus episcopus Placentinus dixit: « Quoniam cunctis patefactum est, Palladium, qui Arianae perfidiæ auctor est, etiam ejus impietatem tenere, quæ contra evangelica et apostolica instituta venit, justa in eum totius concilii illata sententia est, qui meæ licet parvitatis sententia sacerdotio denuo privatus, ex hoc sacrosancto caetu jure pellatur. » Felix et Numidius legati Afrorum dixerunt: « Arianae heresis sectae in qua in Aquileiensi synodo Palladius declaratus est, anathema. Sed et eos qui contra veritatem Nicænæ synodi repugnantes sunt, condemnamus. »
Sabinus, bishop of Piacenza, said: "Since it has been made plain to all that Palladius, who is a promoter of the Arian faithlessness, also holds its impiety, which runs against the ordinances of the Gospel and the Apostles, the sentence of the whole council has justly been passed upon him; and let him, deprived again of the priesthood by the sentence of my lowliness too, be rightly expelled from this most holy assembly." Felix and Numidius, legates of the Africans, said: "Anathema to the sect of the Arian heresy, in which Palladius has been shown at the synod of Aquileia to stand. We also condemn those who resist the truth of the synod of Nicaea."
Notes and citation
Summary: Sabinus of Piacenza and the African legates condemn Palladius and all who resist the faith of Nicaea.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR debris or slip in the digital text (line-start quotation marks, note letters, broken words, misread letters)): h Sabinus → Sabinus; i qui → qui; perlidiæ → perfidiæ; eliam → etiam; iliata → illata; est, dui meæ → est, qui meæ; pel latur. ». Felix → pellatur. » Felix; sectae J → sectae.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Conc. Aquil. 58 (PL 16:933a–933b; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/council-aquileia-381/42/#p-58). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin (PL 16; noisy OCR, unreadable passages marked …); no public-domain English exists, so the translation was re-read against the Latin.
Chapter 59
59PL 16:933b–935a
Limenius episcopus Vercellensis dixit: « Arianam doctrinam saepe esse damnatam manifestum est; et ideo Palladius conventus in hac sacra synodo Aquileiensi, quia noluit se corrigere vel emendare: sed magis probavit reprehensibilem, et se obligavit perfidia, quam se publico confessus est tenere, hunc sententia mea et ego profiteor a consortio sacerdotali esse privandum. » Maximus episcopus Emonensis dixit: « Palladium, qui blasphemias Arii nec damnare voluit, sed magis ipse confessus est, juste ac merito esse damnatum, et Deus novit, et fidelium conscientia condemnavit. »
Limenius, bishop of Vercelli, said: "It is manifest that the Arian doctrine has often been condemned; and therefore Palladius, summoned at this holy synod of Aquileia, since he would not correct or amend himself, but rather proved himself blameworthy and bound himself to the faithlessness which he publicly confessed that he holds: I too declare by my sentence that he is to be deprived of the fellowship of priests." Maximus, bishop of Emona, said: "That Palladius, who would not condemn the blasphemies of Arius but rather confessed them himself, is justly and deservedly condemned, both God knows and the conscience of the faithful has condemned him."
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Notes and citation
Summary: Limenius of Vercelli and Maximus of Emona condemn Palladius.
- "Bound himself" renders a garbled word ("olctaviL"), read as "obligavit" by conjecture.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR debris or slip in the digital text (line-start quotation marks, note letters, broken words, misread letters)): k Limenius → Limenius; i reprehensibilem, → reprehensibilem,; olctaviL → obligavit; et fgo profiteor → et ego profiteor; Palla dium, → Palladium,; conscienlia → conscientia.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Conc. Aquil. 59 (PL 16:933b–935a; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/council-aquileia-381/42/#p-59). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin (PL 16; noisy OCR, unreadable passages marked …); no public-domain English exists, so the translation was re-read against the Latin.
Chapter 60
60PL 16:935a
Exuperantius episcopus Dertonensis dixit: « Palladium, qui sectam Arii vel ejus doctrinam damnare noluit, sed defendit, ut caeteri consortes mei damnaverunt, etiam et ego condemno. » Bassianus episcopus Laudensis dixit: « Audivi sicut et cæteri consortes mei, impietates Arii, quas Palladius non solum non condemnavit, sed confirmavit: hic anathema sit, et sacerdotio privabitur. »
Exuperantius, bishop of Tortona, said: "Palladius, who would not condemn the sect of Arius or his doctrine but defended it, as my other colleagues have condemned him, I too condemn." Bassianus, bishop of Lodi, said: "I heard, like my other colleagues, the impieties of Arius, which Palladius not only did not condemn but confirmed; let him be anathema and be deprived of the priesthood."
Notes and citation
Summary: Exuperantius of Tortona and Bassianus of Lodi condemn Palladius.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR debris or slip in the digital text (line-start quotation marks, note letters, broken words, misread letters)): dixit: t Palladium, → dixit: « Palladium,; condemno. » * Bassianus → condemno. » Bassianus.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Conc. Aquil. 60 (PL 16:935a; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/council-aquileia-381/42/#p-60). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin (PL 16; noisy OCR, unreadable passages marked …); no public-domain English exists, so the translation was re-read against the Latin.
Chapter 61
61PL 16:935a–935b
Philaster episcopus Brixianus dixit: « Blasphemias et iniquitatem Palladii, qui Arianam doctrinam sequitur et defendit, una cum omnibus ego condemnavi. » Constantius episcopus Sciscianensis dixit: « Palladium, qui blasphemias et impietates Arii non condemnavit, sicut et caeteri consacerdotes mei, et ego censeo damnandum. » Heliodorus episcopus Altiniensis dixit: « Qui perfidiam Arii omniumque haereticorum, quorum consors est Palladius, cujus insipiens cor, qui veritatem non est confessus, cum caeteris consacerdotibus meis condemno. »
Philaster, bishop of Brescia, said: "I have condemned, together with all, the blasphemies and iniquity of Palladius, who follows and defends the Arian doctrine." Constantius, bishop of Siscia, said: "Palladius, who did not condemn the blasphemies and impieties of Arius, I too, like my other fellow priests, judge must be condemned." Heliodorus, bishop of Altinum, said: "The faithlessness of Arius and of all the heretics, whose partner Palladius is, whose foolish heart did not confess the truth, I condemn with my other fellow priests."
Rom 1:21 (echo, low confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Philaster of Brescia, Constantius of Siscia, and Heliodorus of Altinum condemn Palladius.
- "Foolish heart" recalls Rom 1:21. Heliodorus's sentence is loosely constructed in the Latin.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR debris or slip in the digital text (line-start quotation marks, note letters, broken words, misread letters)): b Philaster → Philaster; Blas. phemias → Blasphemias; defendit, uua cum → defendit, una cum; condemnavi. » c Constantius → condemnavi. » Constantius; d Heliodorus → Heliodorus; Alliniensis → Altiniensis; consacerdoti,bus → consacerdotibus.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Conc. Aquil. 61 (PL 16:935a–935b; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/council-aquileia-381/42/#p-61). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin (PL 16; noisy OCR, unreadable passages marked …); no public-domain English exists, so the translation was re-read against the Latin.
Chapter 62
62PL 16:935b–935c
Felix episcopus Jadertinus dixit: « Palladium, qui blasphemias dicit in Filium sicut Arius, cum omnibus pariter condemno. » Theodorus episcopus Octodorensis dixit: « Palladium, qui Christum Deum verum, coaeternum Patri negavit, nec christianum hunc, nec sacerdotem ullo modo censemus. » Domninus episcopus Gratianopolitanus dixit: « Palladium in perfidia Arii permanentem in perpetuum, sicut et fratres damnaverunt, etiam et ego censeo esse damnandum. »
Felix, bishop of Zadar, said: "Palladius, who speaks blasphemies against the Son as Arius did, I condemn equally with all." Theodore, bishop of Octodurum, said: "Palladius, who denied that Christ is true God, co-eternal with the Father, we judge in no way to be either a Christian or a priest." Domninus, bishop of Grenoble, said: "Palladius, who remains in the faithlessness of Arius, I too judge must be condemned for ever, as the brothers have condemned him."
Notes and citation
Summary: Felix of Zadar, Theodore of Octodurum, and Domninus of Grenoble condemn Palladius.
- The digitization reads "Dominus" for Domninus, as in the list of bishops in section 1.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR debris or slip in the digital text (line-start quotation marks, note letters, broken words, misread letters)): e Felix → Felix; episcopus,Octodorensis → episcopus Octodorensis; Pa tri → Patri; Dominusepiscopus → Domninus episcopus.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Conc. Aquil. 62 (PL 16:935b–935c; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/council-aquileia-381/42/#p-62). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin (PL 16; noisy OCR, unreadable passages marked …); no public-domain English exists, so the translation was re-read against the Latin.
Chapter 63
63PL 16:935c–935a
Proculus episcopus Massiliensis dixit: « Palladium, qui Arii blasphemias sub quadam impia haereditate non condemnando defendit, sicut hunc et plurimorum jam venerabilium sacerdotum sententia blasphemum designavit, atque a sacerdotio alienum dixit, ita mea pariter sententia in perpetuum condemnatum designat. » Diogenes episcopus Genuensis dixit: « Palladium, qui Christum Dominum Deum verum similem et aequalem Patri dum non confitetur, immo negavit, damnationem judico cum cæteris fratribus meis consacerdotibus sortiri. »
Proculus, bishop of Marseille, said: "Palladius, who by not condemning them defends the blasphemies of Arius as by a kind of impious inheritance, just as the sentence of very many venerable priests has already marked him as a blasphemer and declared him a stranger to the priesthood, so my sentence likewise marks him as condemned for ever." Diogenes, bishop of Genoa, said: "Palladius, since he does not confess, nay has denied, that Christ the Lord is true God, like and equal to the Father, I judge should receive condemnation with my other brothers and fellow priests."
Notes and citation
Summary: Proculus of Marseille and Diogenes of Genoa condemn Palladius.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR debris or slip in the digital text (line-start quotation marks, note letters, broken words, misread letters)): f consacerdotibus → consacerdotibus.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Conc. Aquil. 63 (PL 16:935c–935a; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/council-aquileia-381/42/#p-63). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin (PL 16; noisy OCR, unreadable passages marked …); no public-domain English exists, so the translation was re-read against the Latin.
Chapter 64
64PL 16:935a
Amantius episcopus Niciensis dixit: « Palladium, qui sectam Arii non destruxit, secundum consacerdotum meorum judicium etiam et ego condemno. » Januarius episcopus dixit: « Sicut omnes consacerdotes mei damnaverunt Palladium, ita et ego pari judicio eum censeo esse damnandum. »
Amantius, bishop of Nice, said: "Palladius, who did not destroy the sect of Arius, I too condemn according to the judgment of my fellow priests." Bishop Januarius said: "As all my fellow priests have condemned Palladius, so I too by the same judgment judge he must be condemned."
Notes and citation
Summary: Amantius of Nice and Januarius condemn Palladius.
- The staged text ended with Migne's summary of the following examination of Secundianus; it is removed.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR debris or slip in the digital text (line-start quotation marks, note letters, broken words, misread letters)): dixit: I Palladium, → dixit: « Palladium,; dixit: I Sicut → dixit: « Sicut; » Secundianus Christum agnoscere Deum verum interpellatus eadem, qua Palladius, cavillatione conatur Patres ludificari. → ».
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Conc. Aquil. 64 (PL 16:935a; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/council-aquileia-381/42/#p-64). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin (PL 16; noisy OCR, unreadable passages marked …); no public-domain English exists, so the translation was re-read against the Latin.
Chapter 65
65PL 16:935b–935c
Et cum Secundianus subripuisset, Ambrosius episcopus dixit: « Audisti Secundiane, cujusmodi Palladius impius sententiam, sacerdotali concilio damnatus exceperit; licet displicuerit nobis quod ejus, hoc est, Palladii non horrueris amentiam, tamen de te aliqua specialiter quaero. Utrum Dei Filium Dominum nostrum Jesum Christum, verum vel non verum Deum dicas? » Secundianus dixit: « Qui negat Deum verum esse Patrem Domini et Dei nostri Jesu Christi, non est christianus: nec qui negat Dominum Filium Dei verum. » Ambrosius episcopus dixit: « Deum verum Dei Filium confiteris? » Secundianus dixit: « Verum Dei Filium, unigenitum Dei Filium verum dico. »
And when Secundianus had stolen in, Bishop Ambrose said: "You have heard, Secundianus, what sentence the impious Palladius received when condemned by the council of priests. Although it displeased us that you did not shudder at his, that is, Palladius's, madness, nevertheless I ask some things of you in particular. Do you call the Son of God, our Lord Jesus Christ, true God or not true God?" Secundianus said: "Whoever denies that the Father of our Lord and God Jesus Christ is true God is not a Christian; nor is whoever denies that the Lord is the true Son of God." Bishop Ambrose said: "Do you confess the Son of God to be true God?" Secundianus said: "I call him the true Son of God, the true only-begotten Son of God."
Notes and citation
Summary: Ambrose asks Secundianus of Singidunum whether Christ is true God; Secundianus will only call him the true Son.
- "Had stolen in" renders "subripuisset" as printed; the sense may be that Secundianus had slipped in or interrupted.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR debris or slip in the digital text (line-start quotation marks, note letters, broken words, misread letters)): cum g → cum; cujus « modi → cujusmodi; sacerdotali « → sacerdotali; no « bis → nobis; borrueris « → horrueris; « Utrum → Utrum; Jesum « → Jesum; h nec → nec; Filium Dci verum. → Filium Dei verum.; Dci, « → Dei; unigeni tum → unigenitum.
Topics: Christology, Heresy
Cite (SBL): Conc. Aquil. 65 (PL 16:935b–935c; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/council-aquileia-381/42/#p-65). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin (PL 16; noisy OCR, unreadable passages marked …); no public-domain English exists, so the translation was re-read against the Latin.
Chapter 66
66PL 16:935c–937a
Ambrosius episcopus dixit: « Verum Dominum dicis? » Secundianus dixit: « Verum unigenitum Filium: quis negat verum Filium Dei? » Eusebius episcopus dixit: « Non sufficit quod Filium Dei unigenitum confiteris; nam hoc omnes confitentur: sed hoc movet, quod Arius dixit Dominum solum Patrem, solum verum: negavit Filium Dei Dominum verum. Simpliciter Filium Dei Deum verum confiteris? » Secundianus dixit: « Quis fuerit Arius, ignoro: quid dixerit nescio. Mecum loqueris vivus ad vivum. Illud dico quod Christus dixit: Unigenitum qui est in sinu Patris; ergo unigenitum Filium se asserit Patris: Filius igitur unigenitus est Dei Filius verus. »
Bishop Ambrose said: "Do you call him true Lord?" Secundianus said: "The true only-begotten Son. Who denies that the Son of God is true?" Bishop Eusebius said: "It is not enough that you confess the Son of God as only-begotten, for all confess that; but what troubles us is that Arius called the Father alone Lord, alone true, and denied that the Son of God is true Lord. Do you simply confess the Son of God to be true God?" Secundianus said: "Who Arius was, I do not know; what he said, I do not know. You are speaking with me, a living man with a living man. I say what Christ said: 'the only-begotten, who is in the bosom of the Father.' So he asserts that he is the only-begotten Son of the Father; therefore the only-begotten Son is the true Son of God."
John 1:18 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Secundianus appeals to John 1:18 and will confess only that the Son is the true only-begotten Son.
- Quotation: John 1:18. On "true Lord" see the note on section 18.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR debris or slip in the digital text (line-start quotation marks, note letters, broken words, misread letters)): Domi « num → Dominum; sufficit i → sufficit; rerum. → verum.; i Unigenitum qui eat in → Unigenitum qui est in; Patris (Joan. I, 18); → Patris;; asserii → asserit; ' Filius → Filius.
Topics: Christology, Heresy
Cite (SBL): Conc. Aquil. 66 (PL 16:935c–937a; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/council-aquileia-381/42/#p-66). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin (PL 16; noisy OCR, unreadable passages marked …); no public-domain English exists, so the translation was re-read against the Latin.
Chapter 67
67PL 16:937a
Ambrosius episcopus dixit: « Deus verus est, et verus Dei Filius Deus? » Et addidit: « In divinis libris scriptum est: Quia qui jurant super terram, jurabunt Deum verum. Quod utique de Christo esse non dubium est. Nos ergo verum Deum profitemur: et fides nostra hæc est, et professio, quia unigenitus Patris Filius est verus Deus. Dic et tu de Deo vero, deinde Filium Deum verum. » Secundianus dicit: « De Deo vero. »
Bishop Ambrose said: "Is he true God, and is the true Son of God God?" And he added: "In the divine books it is written: 'Those who swear upon the earth shall swear by the true God.' This is without doubt of Christ. We therefore profess him true God; and this is our faith and profession, that the only-begotten Son of the Father is true God. You too say: 'from true God'; then, 'the Son true God.'" Secundianus said: "From true God."
Isa 65:16 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Ambrose cites Isa 65:16 of Christ and asks Secundianus to confess the Son as true God from true God.
- Quotation: Isa 65:16 in a Latin form (Migne's reference removed). Applying it to Christ is Ambrose's own reading.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR debris or slip in the digital text (line-start quotation marks, note letters, broken words, misread letters)): est, « a verus → est, et verus; addidit: * In → addidit: « In; divinis « → divinis; tuper → super; terram, « → terram,; verum (Esai. LaVI, 16) → verum.; uti « que → utique; ve « rum → verum; hæc est, « et → hæc est, et; ve « rus → verus; Filium « → Filium.
Topics: Christology, Heresy
Cite (SBL): Conc. Aquil. 67 (PL 16:937a; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/council-aquileia-381/42/#p-67). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin (PL 16; noisy OCR, unreadable passages marked …); no public-domain English exists, so the translation was re-read against the Latin.
Chapter 68
68PL 16:937a–937b
Ambrosius episcopus dixit: « Filius Dei Deus verus est? » Secundianus dixit: « Ergo mendax. » Ambrosius episcopus dixit: « In hoc fraudem facis, ut non Deum verum dicas, sed Deum unigenitum verum, ac per hoc dic simpliciter: Unigenitus Dei Filius Deus verus est. » Secundianus dixit: « Unigenitum dixi Dei Filium. »
Bishop Ambrose said: "Is the Son of God true God?" Secundianus said: "Then a liar." Bishop Ambrose said: "In this you are deceiving: not to say 'true God' but 'the true only-begotten God'; so say simply: 'The only-begotten Son of God is true God.'" Secundianus said: "I have said the only-begotten Son of God."
Notes and citation
Summary: Ambrose presses Secundianus to say simply that the only-begotten Son is true God.
- The staged text began with Migne's column number and the section number; removed. Secundianus's "Then a liar" (Ergo mendax) is unexplained in the acts; translated as printed.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR debris or slip in the digital text (line-start quotation marks, note letters, broken words, misread letters)): 804 68. Ambrosius → Ambrosius; « Deus → Deus; dixit: c b Ergo → dixit: « Ergo; hoc fraudem ra « cis, → hoc fraudem facis,; dicas, scd Deum → dicas, sed Deum; unige « nitnm → unigenitum; Unige* « niius → Unigenitus; Fi « lium. → Filium..
Topics: Christology, Heresy
Cite (SBL): Conc. Aquil. 68 (PL 16:937a–937b; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/council-aquileia-381/42/#p-68). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin (PL 16; noisy OCR, unreadable passages marked …); no public-domain English exists, so the translation was re-read against the Latin.
Chapter 69
69PL 16:937b–937c
Eusebius episcopus dixit: « Hoc Photinus non negat, hoc Sabellius confitetur. » Ambrosius episcopus dixit: « Et qui hoc non confitetur, jure damnatur; ac per hoc sæpe te convenio, licet cavillando negaveris veritatem. Non quaero ut tantummodo unigenitum verum Filium dicas Dei, sed etiam Deum verum. » Secundianus dixit: « Veritatis me servum profiteor. Quae dico, non scribuntur: et quæ dicis, scribuntur. Christum verum Dei Filium dico. Quis negat Filium Dei verum esse? »
Bishop Eusebius said: "This Photinus does not deny; this Sabellius confesses." Bishop Ambrose said: "And whoever does not confess this is rightly condemned; and therefore I often call upon you, though by quibbling you have denied the truth. I do not ask only that you call him the true only-begotten Son of God, but also true God." Secundianus said: "I profess myself a servant of the truth. What I say is not written down, and what you say is written down. I call Christ the true Son of God. Who denies that the Son of God is true?"
Notes and citation
Summary: Eusebius notes that even Photinus and Sabellius call Christ only-begotten Son; Ambrose demands that Secundianus also call him true God.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR debris or slip in the digital text (line-start quotation marks, note letters, broken words, misread letters)): dixit; → dixit:; « non negat, boc Sabellius → non negat, hoc Sabellius; « confitetur, → confitetur,; te i → te; « Non → Non; Fit lium → Filium; Veritatis → « Veritatis; profi teor. → profiteor.; verum hei Filium → verum Dei Filium.
Topics: Christology, Heresy
Cite (SBL): Conc. Aquil. 69 (PL 16:937b–937c; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/council-aquileia-381/42/#p-69). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin (PL 16; noisy OCR, unreadable passages marked …); no public-domain English exists, so the translation was re-read against the Latin.
Chapter 70
70PL 16:937c
Ambrosius episcopus dixit: « Qui negat Deum verum unigenitum Dei Filium, anathema sit. » Secundianus dixit: « Deum verum unigenitum Filium Dei? Quid mihi profiteris, quod non est scriptum? » Ambrosius episcopus dixit: « Apertum sacrilegium est, quando Christum Dei Filium Arius Deum verum negavit. » Secundianus dixit: « Jesum Christum Filium Dei Deum, qui Christus dicatur Filius verus, Filium Dei dico: sed verum Deum non est scriptum. »
Bishop Ambrose said: "Whoever denies that the only-begotten Son of God is true God, let him be anathema." Secundianus said: "True God, the only-begotten Son of God? Why do you profess to me what is not written?" Bishop Ambrose said: "It is open sacrilege, since Arius denied that Christ the Son of God is true God." Secundianus said: "Jesus Christ the Son of God, God, who as Christ is called the true Son, I call the Son of God; but 'true God' is not written."
Notes and citation
Summary: Secundianus objects that "true God" is not written of the Son in Scripture.
- Secundianus's last sentence is awkward in the Latin; translated by sense.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR debris or slip in the digital text (line-start quotation marks, note letters, broken words, misread letters)): c Qui → Qui; negat « → negat; I sit. → sit.; dixit: I Deum → dixit: « Deum; Dei: d → Dei?; Apertam → Apertum; sacrile « gium → sacrilegium; Arius « → Arius; Christum e → Christum.
Topics: Christology, Heresy, Scripture and canon
Cite (SBL): Conc. Aquil. 70 (PL 16:937c; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/council-aquileia-381/42/#p-70). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin (PL 16; noisy OCR, unreadable passages marked …); no public-domain English exists, so the translation was re-read against the Latin.
Chapter 71
71PL 16:937d–937a
Ambrosius episcopus dixit: « Nondum resipuisti? » Et adjecit: « Ne quid illi videatur esse subreptum, confirmet sententiam suam. Dicat ergo unigenitum Christum Dei Filium Deum verum. » Secundianus dixit: « Jam dixi. Quid mihi extorquere vis amplius? » Ambrosius episcopus dixit: « Quid dixisti? Certe si dixisses tanta, quod gloriose dicitur, saepe repetendum est. » Secundianus dixit: « Dictum est: Sit sermo vester, est est, non non. »
Bishop Ambrose said: "Have you not yet come to your senses?" And he added: "Lest anything seem to have been wrung from him by stealth, let him confirm his opinion. Let him say, then, that Christ, the only-begotten Son of God, is true God." Secundianus said: "I have already said it. What more do you want to extort from me?" Bishop Ambrose said: "What have you said? Certainly, if you had said so much, what is said gloriously ought to be often repeated." Secundianus said: "It has been said: 'Let your word be yes, yes, no, no.'"
Matt 5:37 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Secundianus refuses to repeat himself, citing Matt 5:37.
- Quotation: Matt 5:37 (Migne's reference removed).
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR debris or slip in the digital text (line-start quotation marks, note letters, broken words, misread letters)): rcsi « puisti? → resipuisti?; « subreptum, → subreptum,; « ergo → ergo; ve « rum. → verum.; « f si → si; saepe « → saepe; veater, → vester,; eat, → est,; non (Matt". v, 57). → non..
Topics: Christology, Heresy
Cite (SBL): Conc. Aquil. 71 (PL 16:937d–937a; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/council-aquileia-381/42/#p-71). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin (PL 16; noisy OCR, unreadable passages marked …); no public-domain English exists, so the translation was re-read against the Latin.
Chapter 72
72PL 16:937a–937b
Ambrosius episcopus dixit: « Qui dicit ipsum Patrem Filium, sacrilegus est. Hoc a te quæro, ut dicas de Deo vero Deum verum Dei Filium natum. » Secundianus dixit: « Ego Filium a Deo genitum, dicente ipso: Genui te; et confitentem se genitum esse, dico. »
Bishop Ambrose said: "Whoever says that the Father himself is the Son is sacrilegious. This is what I ask of you: that you say that the Son of God was born true God from true God." Secundianus said: "I call the Son begotten of God, since he himself says, 'I have begotten you,' and confesses that he was begotten."
Ps 2:7 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Secundianus confesses the Son as begotten of God, citing Ps 2:7, but not as true God from true God.
- Quotation: Ps 2:7.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR debris or slip in the digital text (line-start quotation marks, note letters, broken words, misread letters)): episcopiis → episcopus; ipsum « → ipsum; « ut → ut; na. tum. i Secundianus → natum. » Secundianus; 8 dicente → dicente; te (Psal. cix, 3); → te;.
Topics: Christology, Heresy
Cite (SBL): Conc. Aquil. 72 (PL 16:937a–937b; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/council-aquileia-381/42/#p-72). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin (PL 16; noisy OCR, unreadable passages marked …); no public-domain English exists, so the translation was re-read against the Latin.
Chapter 73
73PL 16:937b
Ambrosius episcopus dixit: « A Deo vero Deus verus est? » Secundianus dixit: « Et cum nomini etiam addis, et verum. audis qualis in te fides sit, et christianus es?» Eusebius episcopus dixit: « Qui negavit illum Deum verum? Arius et Palladius negavit. Tu si Deum verum credis, debes simpliciter designare.
Bishop Ambrose said: "Is he true God from true God?" Secundianus said: "And when you add to the name 'true' as well, do you hear what kind of faith is in you, and are you a Christian?" Bishop Eusebius said: "Who denied that he is true God? Arius and Palladius denied it. If you believe him true God, you ought to state it simply."
Notes and citation
Summary: Secundianus objects to adding "true"; Eusebius replies that Arius and Palladius denied it, so it must be stated.
- Secundianus's reply is garbled in the digitization; translated by sense.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR debris or slip in the digital text (line-start quotation marks, note letters, broken words, misread letters)): vero « → vero.
Topics: Christology, Heresy
Cite (SBL): Conc. Aquil. 73 (PL 16:937b; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/council-aquileia-381/42/#p-73). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin (PL 16; noisy OCR, unreadable passages marked …); no public-domain English exists, so the translation was re-read against the Latin.
Chapter 74
74PL 16:937b–937c
Ambrosius episcopus dixit: « Si non dixeris Deum verum de Deo vero natum esse, Christum negasti. » Secundianus dixit: « Interrogatus de Filio, dedi responsum: quemadmodum deberem profiteri, respondi. Habemus vestram expositionem, afferemus, legatur. » Ambrosius dixit: « Hodie afferre debueras, caeterum tu subterfugere conaris. Professionem a me exigis; et professionem a te exigo. Deus verus est Dei Filius? » Secundianus dixit: « Unigenitus est Deus Dei Filius. Et ego eum interrogo: Unigenitus est? »
Bishop Ambrose said: "If you do not say that he was born true God from true God, you have denied Christ." Secundianus said: "Asked about the Son, I gave an answer: I answered as I ought to profess. We have your exposition; we will bring ours; let it be read." Ambrose said: "You ought to have brought it today; otherwise you are trying to evade. You demand a profession from me, and I demand a profession from you. Is the Son of God true God?" Secundianus said: "The only-begotten Son of God is God. And I ask him: is he only-begotten?"
Notes and citation
Summary: Secundianus promises a written exposition; Ambrose insists on an answer now.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR debris or slip in the digital text (line-start quotation marks, note letters, broken words, misread letters)): dixeris « → dixeris; « negasti. → negasti.; dixit: c Interrogatus → dixit: « Interrogatus; re spondi. h → respondi.; legatur. ». Ambrosius → legatur. » Ambrosius; caete « rum → caeterum; i Professionem → Professionem; me « → me; « Dei → Dei; est i → est.
Topics: Christology, Heresy
Cite (SBL): Conc. Aquil. 74 (PL 16:937b–937c; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/council-aquileia-381/42/#p-74). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin (PL 16; noisy OCR, unreadable passages marked …); no public-domain English exists, so the translation was re-read against the Latin.
Chapter 75
75PL 16:937c–939a
Ambrosius episcopus dixit: « Ratio permoveat nos, et impietas et insipientia tua. Cum dicis Deum verum unigenitum, non Deum verum dicis: sed verum unigenitum. Ac per hoc, ut istam adimas quaestionem, ita responde: Ex Deo vero Deus verus est? » Secundianus dixit: « Ergo Deus Deum non genuit? Deus verus ille qui est, quod est, genuit; unum verum, unigenitum Filium genuit? » Ambrosius dixit: « Non confiteris Deum verum, sed vis dicere verum unigenitum. Et ego unigenitum dico, sed et Deum verum. » Secundianus dixit: « Ego dico genitum a Patre, verum genitum dico omnibus. »
Bishop Ambrose said: "Let reason move us, and your impiety and folly. When you say 'true only-begotten God', you do not say 'true God' but 'true only-begotten'. And therefore, to remove this question, answer thus: is he true God from true God?" Secundianus said: "Did God, then, not beget God? The true God, who is what he is, begot; did he beget one true, only-begotten Son?" Ambrose said: "You do not confess true God, but you want to say 'true only-begotten'. I too say only-begotten, but also true God." Secundianus said: "I say begotten of the Father; I say to all that he was truly begotten."
Exod 3:14 (echo, low confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The acts break off with Secundianus still refusing to call the Son "true God from true God".
- The acts as printed end here; Secundianus's sentence is not recorded. Secundianus's words are obscure in the Latin; translated by sense.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR debris or slip in the digital text (line-start quotation marks, note letters, broken words, misread letters)): dixit: t Ratio → dixit: « Ratio; permo « veat → permoveat; 1 Cum → Cum; die cis → dicis; verum « → verum; ut « → ut; Deo « → Deo; gc nuh? m → genuit?; Ambrosias dixit: t Non → Ambrosius dixit: « Non; conliteris → confiteris; verum, « → verum,; a unigec nitum → unigenitum.
Topics: Christology, Heresy
Cite (SBL): Conc. Aquil. 75 (PL 16:937c–939a; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/council-aquileia-381/42/#p-75). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin (PL 16; noisy OCR, unreadable passages marked …); no public-domain English exists, so the translation was re-read against the Latin.
Chapter 76
76PL 16:939a–939c
Valerianus episcopus Aquileiensis. Ambrosius episcopus Mediolanensis. Eusebius episcopus Bononiensis. Limenius episcopus Vercellensis. Anemius episcopus Sirmiensis Illyrici. Sabinus episcopus Placentinus. Abundantius episcopus Tridentinus. Philaster episcopus Brixianus. Constantinus episcopus Arausicus, legatus Gallorum. Theodorus episcopus Octodorensis. Dominus episcopus Gratianopolitanus. Amantius episcopus Niciensis. Maximus episcopus Emonensis. Bassianus episcopus Laudensis. Proculus episcopus Massiliensis, legatus Gallorum. Heliodorus episcopus Altiniensis. Felix episcopus Jadertinus. Eventius episcopus Ticiniensis. Exsuperantius episcopus Dertonensis. Diogenes episcopus Genuensis. Constantius episcopus Scisciensis. Justus episcopus Lugdunensis, alius legatus Gallorum. Felix legatus Afrorum. Numidius legatus Afrorum. Evagrius presbyter et legatus. Artemius, Almachius, Januarius, Jovinus, Macedonius, Cassianus, Marcellus, Eustathius, Maximus, Chromatius presbyter.
Valerian, bishop of Aquileia. Ambrose, bishop of Milan. Eusebius, bishop of Bologna. Limenius, bishop of Vercelli. Anemius, bishop of Sirmium in Illyricum. Sabinus, bishop of Piacenza. Abundantius, bishop of Trent. Philaster, bishop of Brescia. Constantius, bishop of Orange, legate of the Gauls. Theodore, bishop of Octodurum. Domninus, bishop of Grenoble. Amantius, bishop of Nice. Maximus, bishop of Emona. Bassianus, bishop of Lodi. Proculus, bishop of Marseille, legate of the Gauls. Heliodorus, bishop of Altinum. Felix, bishop of Zadar. Eventius, bishop of Pavia. Exuperantius, bishop of Tortona. Diogenes, bishop of Genoa. Constantius, bishop of Siscia. Justus, bishop of Lyon, another legate of the Gauls. Felix, legate of the Africans. Numidius, legate of the Africans. Evagrius, presbyter and legate. Artemius, Almachius, Januarius, Jovinus, Macedonius, Cassian, Marcellus, Eustathius, Maximus, Chromatius the presbyter.
Notes and citation
Summary: The list of those present at the council.
- The list of signatories is unnumbered in the edition. The digitization reads "Constantinus" for Constantius of Orange (see section 55) and "Dominus" for Domninus; translated with the forms used elsewhere in the acts.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR debris or slip in the digital text (line-start quotation marks, note letters, broken words, misread letters)): JHyriei. → Illyrici.; Areusicus, → Arausicus,; Galloram. → Gallorum.; Maximos → Maximus; legadlfe → legatus; Gennensis. → Genuensis.; legatusGatlorum. → legatus Gallorum.; legatos → legatus; Alrorum. → Afrorum.; Afrorum. b → Afrorum.; Macedunius, → Macedonius,; Maximis, « → Maximus,.
Cite (SBL): Conc. Aquil. 76 (PL 16:939a–939c; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/council-aquileia-381/42/#p-76). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin (PL 16; noisy OCR, unreadable passages marked …); no public-domain English exists, so the translation was re-read against the Latin.