Panarion (Medicine Chest Against Heresies), Haer. 1-64 44.7.1–48.2.9
Greek text: Holl, GCS 25/31 (Greek text: Karl Holl, ed., Epiphanius, Bände 1-2 (GCS 25, 1915, and GCS 31, 1922, Leipzig: Hinrichs), digitized by the First Thousand Years of Greek project (Open Greek and Latin), CC BY-SA 4.0. The digitized file's own metadata describes it as spanning Holl's volumes 1-3 (1915-1933), but its text in fact ends at Haer. 64 (confirmed: the last division is Haer. 64, on Origen, matching the end of GCS 31); Holl's third volume (GCS 37, 1933) is not present in this digital text.).English: Claude (claude-opus-5-5), public domain (CC0).
Haer. 44, chapter 7
44.7.1Holl GCS 25/31:198
7. Τούτων δὲ οὕτως ἐχόντων καὶ ῥηθέντων, τίς ἔτι μοι χρεία ἐστὶ κατατρίβεσθαι περὶ τούτου τοῦ ζωπύρου σφηκίου καὶ οὐδενὸς ὄντος, ἀνατροπῆς ἕνεκα ἢ ἄλλης τινὸς πραγματείας; ἀφʼ ἑαυιτοῦ γὰρ τὸ κέντρον ἀπώλεσε καὶ † ἀπαράλλακτον αὐτοῦ τὸ τῆς πλάνης παραπεποιημένον δόγμα καὶ ἀγυρτᾶδες δέδεικται.
7. Toutōn de houtōs echontōn kai rhēthentōn, tis eti moi chreia esti katatribesthai peri toutou tou zōpyrou sphēkiou kai oudenos ontos, anatropēs heneka ē allēs tinos pragmateias? aphʼ heauitou gar to kentron apōlese kai † aparallakton autou to tēs planēs parapepoiēmenon dogma kai agyrtades dedeiktai.
Since these things are so and have been said, what further need have I to wear myself out over this zopyrus-wasp, which is nothing, for the sake of an overthrow or any other treatment? For of itself it has lost its sting, and … its falsified doctrine of error has been shown to be a charlatan's.
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Notes and citation
Summary: Apelles' sect, like a small wasp, has lost its sting.
- The edition marks a corrupt word (†). The 'zopyrus' is a kind of wasp; its identification is uncertain.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 44.7.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:198; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-44-7-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
44.7.2Holl GCS 25/31:198
φαςὶ γὰρ τὸ ὀδυνηρὸν σφηκίον, ὃ ζώπορόν τινες κελκλήκασιν, ἔχειν μὲν κέντρον ἰοβόλον βραχύ, περιωδυνίαν πολλὴν οὐ κεκτημένον, ἀλλὰ κατὰ τὴν αὐτοῦ δύναμιν ἰοβόλον ὄν.
phasi gar to odynēron sphēkion, ho zōporon tines kelklēkasin, echein men kentron iobolon brachy, periōdynian pollēn ou kektēmenon, alla kata tēn autou dynamin iobolon on.
For they say that the painful wasp, which some have called zopyrus, has a short venomous sting, not causing much pain, but venomous according to its power.
Notes and citation
Summary: Epiphanius describes the zopyrus wasp.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 44.7.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:198; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-44-7-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
44.7.3Holl GCS 25/31:198
ἐπὰν δέ τις διερχόμενος τὸν αὐτοῦ φωλεὸν ἢ καλιὰν καθέλοι — ἐν γὰρ θάμνοις βοτανῶν ποιεῖται καὶ κηρίου δίκην ἑαυτῷ σίμβλους τινάς, ἐν οἶς σίμβλοις ἐγκατατίθεται τὴν αὐτοῦ γονὴν καὶ ποιεῖται ἑαυτῷ τὰ γεννήματα — εἰ δέ τις διερχόμενος ῥάβδῳ ἢ ξύλῳ νύξας τὸ κηρίον ὡς ἔφην καταβάλοι, ἐξέρχεται θυμούμενον αὐτὸ δὴ τὸ δεινὸν μὲν βληχρὸν δὲ σφηκίον·
epan de tis dierchomenos ton autou phōleon ē kalian katheloi — en gar thamnois botanōn poieitai kai kēriou dikēn heautǭ simblous tinas, en ois simblois enkatatithetai tēn autou gonēn kai poieitai heautǭ ta gennēmata — ei de tis dierchomenos rhabdǭ ē xylǭ nyxas to kērion hōs ephēn katabaloi, exerchetai thymoumenon auto dē to deinon men blēchron de sphēkion;
When someone passing by knocks down its hole or nest — for it builds in thickets of plants certain combs for itself like a honeycomb, in which it lays its brood and makes its young — if someone passing by pokes the comb with a stick or a piece of wood and knocks it down, as I said, this dreadful but feeble wasp comes out in anger;
Notes and citation
Summary: When its nest is disturbed, the wasp comes out angry.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 44.7.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:198; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-44-7-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
44.7.4Holl GCS 25/31:198–199
καὶ ἐὰν εὕρῃ πέτραν πληςίον ἢ ξύλον, ἀπὸ τοῦ ἐμπλήσαντος αὐτὸ θυμοῦ ῥοίζῳ μέν ἐφίσταται καὶ ὁρμᾷ κπαίει τὴν πέτραν· καὶ τὴν μὲν πέτραν οὐδὲν ἀδικεῖ ἀλλὰ οὔτε τὸ ξύλον οὔτε μὴν τὸν ἄνθρωπον, κἄν τε δάκοι, ἀλλὰ πρὸς ὀδύνην ὀλίγην·
kai ean heurę̄ petran plēsion ē xylon, apo tou emplēsantos auto thymou rhoizǭ men ephistatai kai hormą kpaiei tēn petran; kai tēn men petran ouden adikei alla oute to xylon oute mēn ton anthrōpon, kan te dakoi, alla pros odynēn oligēn;
and if it finds a rock or a piece of wood nearby, out of the anger that fills it it stops with a whirring, rushes, and strikes the rock; and it does no harm to the rock, nor to the wood, nor even to the man, even if it bites, except for a little pain;
Notes and citation
Summary: The wasp harmlessly strikes a rock in its anger.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 44.7.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:198–199; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-44-7-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
44.7.5Holl GCS 25/31:199
οὐκὲν δὲ ἀδικεῖ μάλιστα τὴν πέτραν, ἀλλὰ τὸ μὲν κέντρον ἀπόλλυσι καὶ οὕτω φθείρεται, ἡ δὲ πέτρα οὐδὲν ἀδικη θήσεται ὑπὸ τοῦ τοιούτου.
ouken de adikei malista tēn petran, alla to men kentron apollysi kai houtō phtheiretai, hē de petra ouden adikē thēsetai hypo tou toioutou.
above all it does no harm to the rock, but loses its sting and so perishes, while the rock will suffer no harm from such a creature.
Notes and citation
Summary: The wasp loses its sting on the rock and dies.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 44.7.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:199; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-44-7-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
44.7.6Holl GCS 25/31:199
οὕτω καὶ αὕτη ἡ σφηκιώδης ζωπύρου δίκην μικρὰν ἔχουσα τὴν περιωδυνίαν ἀνατραπήσεται, τῇ πέτρᾳ συντυχοῦσα τουτέστιν τῇ ἀληθείᾳ καὶ τὸ κέντρον ἀπολέσασα.
houtō kai hautē hē sphēkiōdēs zōpyrou dikēn mikran echousa tēn periōdynian anatrapēsetai, tę̄ petrą syntychousa toutestin tę̄ alētheią kai to kentron apolesasa.
So too this waspish sect, which like a zopyrus causes little pain, will be overthrown, meeting the rock, that is, the truth, and losing its sting.
Notes and citation
Summary: Apelles' sect, like the wasp, is undone by the rock of truth.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 44.7.6 (Holl GCS 25/31:199; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-44-7-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
44.7.7Holl GCS 25/31:199
ταύτην δὲ διελθὼν ἐπὶ τὰς ἑτέρας πάλιν βαδιοῦμαι, κατὰ τὴν τοῦ θεοῦ ἐλπάδα πιστεύων ὅτι τὸ ἐπάγγελμα ἐν θεῷ πληρωθήσεται.
tautēn de dielthōn epi tas heteras palin badioumai, kata tēn tou theou elpada pisteuōn hoti to epangelma en theǭ plērōthēsetai.
Having gone through this one, I shall go on again to the others, trusting, in accordance with my hope in God, that the promise will be fulfilled in God.
Notes and citation
Summary: Epiphanius moves on to the next sect.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 44.7.7 (Holl GCS 25/31:199; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-44-7-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 45, chapter 1
45.1.1Holl GCS 25/31:199
Τούτων καθεξῆς <Σευῆρος> ἕπεται, ἤτοι. σύγχρονος ἤτοι περὶ τὸν χρόνον *· οὐκ ἔχω γὰρ περὶ τοῦ χρόνου αὐτοῦ ἀσφαλῶς λέγειν, πλὴν σύνεγγυς ἀλλήλων ἦσαν. ὅμως δὲ τὰ εἰς ἡμᾶς ἐλθόντα διηγήσομαι.
Toutōn kathexēs <Seuēros> hepetai, ētoi. synchronos ētoi peri ton chronon *; ouk echō gar peri tou chronou autou asphalōs legein, plēn synengys allēlōn ēsan. homōs de ta eis hēmas elthonta diēgēsomai.
Next after these follows [Severus], either a contemporary or near the time …; for I cannot speak with certainty about his time, except that they were close to one another. Still, I shall relate what has reached us.
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Notes and citation
Summary: Epiphanius introduces Severus, of uncertain date.
- The name Severus is supplied by the editor; the edition marks a gap (*).
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 45.1.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:199; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-45-1-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
45.1.2Holl GCS 25/31:199
Σευῆρός τις ἀνέστη, ἐξ οὗπερ οἱ Σευηριανοὶ καλούμενοι, καθεξῆς συνεπόμενος τῷ προειρημένῳ Ἀπελλῇ. τὰ δὲ παρʼ αὐτῷ μυθολογήματα ταῦτά ἐστιν ἅτινα μέλλω λέγειν.
Seuēros tis anestē, ex houper hoi Seuērianoi kaloumenoi, kathexēs synepomenos tǭ proeirēmenǭ Apellę̄. ta de parʼ autǭ mythologēmata tauta estin hatina mellō legein.
A certain Severus arose, from whom come those called Severians, following next after the Apelles mentioned above. The myths he tells are these, which I am about to relate.
Notes and citation
Summary: Severus founded the Severians after Apelles.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 45.1.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:199; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-45-1-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
45.1.3Holl GCS 25/31:199
βούλεται δὲ καὶ αὐτὸς ἀρχαῖς τε καὶ ἐξουσίαις προσάπτειν τὴν καθʼ Ἡμᾶς κτίσιν, εἶναί τε ἐν ἀκατονομάστῳ τιυὶ ἀνωτάτῳ τε οὐρανῷ καὶ αἰῶνι ἀγαθόν τινα θεόν.
bouletai de kai autos archais te kai exousiais prosaptein tēn kathʼ Hēmas ktisin, einai te en akatonomastǭ tiui anōtatǭ te ouranǭ kai aiōni agathon tina theon.
He too wishes to attribute the creation around us to principalities and authorities, and [says] that there is a good God in an unnameable, highest heaven and aeon.
Notes and citation
Summary: Severus attributes creation to powers and places a good God in the highest heaven.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 45.1.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:199; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-45-1-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
45.1.4Holl GCS 25/31:199
τὸν δὲ διάβολον υἱὸν εἶναι φάσκει τοῦ μεγάλου ἄρχοντος τῆς τῶν ἐξουσιῶν τάξεως, ᾧ ὄνομα τίθεται πῆ μὲν Ἰαλδαβαώθ, πῆ δὲ Σαβαώθ· τοῦτον δὲ γεννηθέντα ἐξ αὐτοῦ εἶναι ὄφιν.
ton de diabolon huion einai phaskei tou megalou archontos tēs tōn exousiōn taxeōs, hǭ onoma tithetai pē men Ialdabaōth, pē de Sabaōth; touton de gennēthenta ex autou einai ophin.
He says that the devil is the son of the great ruler of the order of the authorities, to whom he gives the name sometimes Ialdabaoth, sometimes Sabaoth; and that this one, begotten of him, is a serpent.
Notes and citation
Summary: Severus makes the devil a serpent, son of the ruler Ialdabaoth or Sabaoth.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 45.1.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:199; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-45-1-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
45.1.5Holl GCS 25/31:199–200
ἀπὸ δὲ τῆς ἄνω δυνάμεως καταβεβλῆσθαι εἰς τὴν γῆν καὶ κατεληλυθότα ὀφιείκελον ὄντα εἰς οἶστρον ἐληλακέναι καὶ τῇ γῇ μεμίχθαι ὥσπερ γυναικί, καὶ ἀπʼ αὐτοῦ τὸ σπέρμα ἀποσπερματίσαντος τῆς γονῆς τὴν ἄμπελον βεβλαστηκέναι.
apo de tēs anō dynameōs katabeblēsthai eis tēn gēn kai katelēlythota ophieikelon onta eis oistron elēlakenai kai tę̄ gę̄ memichthai hōsper gynaiki, kai apʼ autou to sperma apospermatisantos tēs gonēs tēn ampelon beblastēkenai.
He was cast down to earth from the power above, and having come down in serpent form he was driven into a frenzy and had intercourse with the earth as with a woman; and from the seed he emitted the vine sprouted.
Notes and citation
Summary: Severus says the vine sprang from the serpent-devil's seed in the earth.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 45.1.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:199–200; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-45-1-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
45.1.6Holl GCS 25/31:200
διὸ δὴ μυθολογῶν εἰς παράστασιν τὴς αὐτῶν ληρῳδίας τὸ ὀφιείκελον τῆς ἀμπέλου περιφερὲς <βούλεται> ἐκτυποῦν, λέγων διὰ τὸ σκαληνὸν τοῦ φυτοῦ εἶναι αὐτὸ ὄφεως δίκην· καὶ τὴν μὲν λευκὴν εἶναι ὡς ὄφιν, τὴν δὲ μέλαιναν ὡς δράκοντα.
dio dē mythologōn eis parastasin tēs autōn lērǭdias to ophieikelon tēs ampelou peripheres <bouletai> ektypoun, legōn dia to skalēnon tou phytou einai auto opheōs dikēn; kai tēn men leukēn einai hōs ophin, tēn de melainan hōs drakonta.
So, telling myths to support their nonsense, he [wishes] to depict the snake-like twisting of the vine, saying that because of the plant's crookedness it is like a serpent; and that the white vine is like a snake, the black like a dragon.
Notes and citation
Summary: The vine's twisting shape is taken as proof of its serpent origin.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 45.1.6 (Holl GCS 25/31:200; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-45-1-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
45.1.7Holl GCS 25/31:200
εἶναι δὲ καὶ τοὺς ῥᾶγας τῆς ἀμπέλου ὥσπερ ἰοῦ ῥαθάμιγγας εἴτουν σταγόνας, δαὶ τὸ κυκλοειδὲς ἤ τὸ μείουρον καὶ διαμφὲς ἑκάστον ῥωγὸς στρογγυλώσεως.
einai de kai tous rhagas tēs ampelou hōsper iou rhathamingas eitoun stagonas, dai to kykloeides ē to meiouron kai diamphes hekaston rhōgos strongylōseōs.
And the grapes of the vine are like drops, that is, droplets, of venom, because of the round, or tapering and translucent, shape of each grape.
Notes and citation
Summary: Grapes are said to be drops of venom.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 45.1.7 (Holl GCS 25/31:200; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-45-1-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
45.1.8Holl GCS 25/31:200
τὸν δὲ οἶνον ἐκ τῆς ὑποθέσεως ταύτης ὄντα τὸν νοῦν θολοῦν τῆς ἀνθρωπότητος καὶ πῆ μὲν εἰς θέλξιν ἀφροδισίων ἄγειν, πῆ δὲ εἰς οἶστρον ἐγείρειν, ἠδʼ αὖ πάλιν ὀργὴν ἐμποιεῖν διὰ τὸ κεπφοῦσθαι τὸ σῶμα ἐκ τῆς ἀπὸ τοῦ οἴνου δυνάμεως καὶ τοῦ ἰοῦ τοῦ προειρημένου δράκοντος. ὅθεν ἀπέχονται οἴνου παντελῶς οἱ τοιοῦτοι.
ton de oinon ek tēs hypotheseōs tautēs onta ton noun tholoun tēs anthrōpotētos kai pē men eis thelxin aphrodisiōn agein, pē de eis oistron egeirein, ēdʼ au palin orgēn empoiein dia to kepphousthai to sōma ek tēs apo tou oinou dynameōs kai tou iou tou proeirēmenou drakontos. hothen apechontai oinou pantelōs hoi toioutoi.
And wine, being from this origin, clouds the mind of mankind, and sometimes leads it into the charm of sexual pleasures, sometimes rouses it to frenzy, and again produces anger, because the body is made giddy by the power of the wine and the venom of the dragon mentioned before. That is why such people abstain from wine altogether.
Notes and citation
Summary: Severians abstain from wine as the dragon's venom.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 45.1.8 (Holl GCS 25/31:200; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-45-1-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 45, chapter 2
45.2.1Holl GCS 25/31:200
2. Φάσκουσι δὲ καὶ τὴν γυναῖκα εἶναι ἔργον τοῦ Σατανᾶ, καθάπερ καὶ οἱ Ἀρχοντικοὶ τοῦτο ἔφασαν. διὸ τοὺς γάμῳ πλησιάζοντας τοῦ Σατανᾶ τὸ ἔργον πληροῦν λέγυσιν.
2. Phaskousi de kai tēn gynaika einai ergon tou Satana, kathaper kai hoi Archontikoi touto ephasan. dio tous gamǭ plēsiazontas tou Satana to ergon plēroun legysin.
They say that woman too is the work of Satan, as the Archontics also said. That is why they say that those who come together in marriage fulfil the work of Satan.
Notes and citation
Summary: Severians call woman and marriage the work of Satan.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 45.2.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:200; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-45-2-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
45.2.2Holl GCS 25/31:200
ἀλλὰ καὶ τοῦ ἀνθρώπου τὸ μὲν ἥμισυ εἶναι τοῦ θεοῦ, τὸ δὲ ἥμισυ τοῦ διαβόλου. ἐπʼ ὀμφαλοῦ γὰρ καὶ ἀνωτάτω εἶναι τῆς τοῦ θεοῦ δυνάμεως λέγει τὴν πλάσιν, ἀπὸ δὲ ὀμφαλοῦ καὶ κατωτάτω τῆς πονηρᾶς ἐξουσίας τὴν πλάσιν.
alla kai tou anthrōpou to men hēmisy einai tou theou, to de hēmisy tou diabolou. epʼ omphalou gar kai anōtatō einai tēs tou theou dynameōs legei tēn plasin, apo de omphalou kai katōtatō tēs ponēras exousias tēn plasin.
And they say that half of man is God's and half the devil's. For he says that the part formed from the navel upward is of God's power, and the part formed from the navel downward is of the evil authority.
Notes and citation
Summary: Severus divides the human body between God and the devil at the navel.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 45.2.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:200; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-45-2-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
45.2.3Holl GCS 25/31:200–201
διόπερ φηςὶ πάντα τὰ καθʼ ἡδονὴν καὶ οἶστρον καὶ ἐπιθυμίαν ἀπʼ ὀμφαλοῦ καὶ κατωτάτω γίνεσθαι. ἀλλὰ καὶ αἱ ἄλλαι αἱρέσεις τοῦτο ἔφασαν εἶναι.
dioper phēsi panta ta kathʼ hēdonēn kai oistron kai epithymian apʼ omphalou kai katōtatō ginesthai. alla kai hai allai haireseis touto ephasan einai.
That is why, he says, everything to do with pleasure, frenzy and desire arises from the navel downward. The other sects too have said this.
Notes and citation
Summary: Desire is attributed to the lower, devilish half of the body.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 45.2.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:200–201; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-45-2-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 45, chapter 3
45.3.1Holl GCS 25/31:201
3. Ὅθεν καὶ οὗτος ἁλίσκεται κατὰ πάντα τρόπον τοῖς ἄλλοις ἐπακολουθῶν ἀγύρταις τοῖς τὰ δηλητήρια τῷ βίῳ κατασκευάσασιν. ἀνατραπήσεται γὰρ ῥᾳδίως· οὐ γὰρ παμπόλλου ἐπικεηθήσεται καμάτου ἡ πρὸς αὐτὸν ἀνατροπή.
3. Hothen kai houtos halisketai kata panta tropon tois allois epakolouthōn agyrtais tois ta dēlētēria tǭ biǭ kataskeuasasin. anatrapēsetai gar rhądiōs; ou gar pampollou epikeēthēsetai kamatou hē pros auton anatropē.
So he too is caught in every way, following the other charlatans who have prepared poisons for life. He will be easily overthrown; the refutation of him will not require very much labour.
Notes and citation
Summary: Severus is easily refuted like the other sects.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 45.3.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:201; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-45-3-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
45.3.2Holl GCS 25/31:201
ὅλον γὰρ τὸ σῶμα συγκεκερασμένον τοῖς καλῶς ἐν αὐτῷ γεγονόσιν ἐκ θεοῦ, φημὶ δὲ ὀρέξεσιν οὐ διʼ ἀτοπίαν τάξιν (λέγω δὲ τὸ ὀρέγεσθαι ὕπνου βρωτῶν πόματος ἐνδύσεως καὶ τῶν ἄλλων πάντων τῶν εἰς τὰ ἴδια καὶ θεῷ εὐάρεστα ἡμῖν συμβαινόντων), ὡς καὶ αὐτὴν τὴν ὄρεξιν τῆς κατὰ τὸ σῶμα ἐπιθυμίας οὐκ ἄταπον οὖσαν παραστήσαιμʼ ἄν.
holon gar to sōma synkekerasmenon tois kalōs en autǭ gegonosin ek theou, phēmi de orexesin ou diʼ atopian taxin (legō de to oregesthai hypnou brōtōn pomatos endyseōs kai tōn allōn pantōn tōn eis ta idia kai theǭ euaresta hēmin symbainontōn), hōs kai autēn tēn orexin tēs kata to sōma epithymias ouk atapon ousan parastēsaimʼ an.
For the whole body is blended with things that came to be in it well from God, I mean appetites that do not serve an improper order (I mean the desire for sleep, food, drink, clothing and all the other things that happen to us for our own needs and are pleasing to God); so that I could show that even the appetite of bodily desire is not improper.
Notes and citation
Summary: The body's God-given appetites, including sexual desire, are not evil in themselves.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 45.3.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:201; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-45-3-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
45.3.3Holl GCS 25/31:201
ἔστιν γὰρ πρὸς παιδοποιίαν ἐν σεμνότητι δοθεῖσα καὶ εἰς δόξαν τοῦ ποιήσαντος τὰ πάντα, καθάπερ τῇ γῇ τὰ σπέρματα εἰς ἐπίχυσιν πλήθους τῶν ὑπὸ θεοῦ κεκτισμένων καλῶν γεννημάτων, * δέ φημι καὶ ἀκροδρύων, οὕτως καὶ τῇ ἀνθρωπότητι εἰς τὸ πληρῶσαι τό »αὐτξάνεσθε καὶ πληθύνεσθε, καὶ πληρώσατε τὴν γῆν«.
estin gar pros paidopoiian en semnotēti dotheisa kai eis doxan tou poiēsantos ta panta, kathaper tę̄ gę̄ ta spermata eis epichysin plēthous tōn hypo theou kektismenōn kalōn gennēmatōn, * de phēmi kai akrodryōn, houtōs kai tę̄ anthrōpotēti eis to plērōsai to »autxanesthe kai plēthynesthe, kai plērōsate tēn gēn«.
For it was given for the begetting of children in dignity and for the glory of the maker of all things; just as seeds were given to the earth for the abundant increase of the good produce created by God, … I mean, and of fruit trees, so too to mankind, to fulfil “Increase and multiply and fill the earth.”
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Gen 1:28 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Sexual desire is given for procreation, as God commanded.
- The edition marks a gap (*).
Topics: Marriage
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 45.3.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:201; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-45-3-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 45, chapter 4
45.4.1Holl GCS 25/31:201
4. Κέχρηνται δὲ οἱ τοιοῦτοι καὶ ἀποκρύφοις τισίν, ὡς καὶ ἀκηκόαμεν, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἐν μέρει ταῖς ῥηταῖς βίβλοις, λεξιθηροῦντες ἐκεῖνα μόνα, ἅτινα κατὰ τὸν νοῦν αὐτῶν παραπλέκοντες ἑτέρως μεταχειρίζονται.
4. Kechrēntai de hoi toioutoi kai apokryphois tisin, hōs kai akēkoamen, alla kai en merei tais rhētais biblois, lexithērountes ekeina mona, hatina kata ton noun autōn paraplekontes heterōs metacheirizontai.
Such people also use certain apocrypha, as we have heard, and in part also the canonical books, picking out words, only those which they twist according to their own mind and handle otherwise.
Notes and citation
Summary: Severians use apocrypha and select words from the canonical books.
Topics: Heresy, Scripture and canon
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 45.4.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:201; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-45-4-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
45.4.2Holl GCS 25/31:201
οὔτε γὰρ ἡ ἄμπελος ἐκ διαβόλου πεφύτευται οὔτε ἐξ ὄφεως ἔσχε τὴν σποράν, ὡς παντί τῳ δῆλόν ἐστι. πῶς γὰρ εἴη τοῦτο, αὐτοῦ τοῦ κυρίου ἐπιμαρτυροῦντος καὶ λέγοντος ὅτι »οὐ μὴ πίω [αὐτὸ] ἐκ τοῦ γεννήματος τῆς ἀμπέλου ταύτης, ἕως ἄν πίω αὐτὸ καινὸν μεθʼ ὑμῶν ἐν τῇ βασιλείᾳ τῶν οὐρανῶν«;
oute gar hē ampelos ek diabolou pephyteutai oute ex opheōs esche tēn sporan, hōs panti tǭ dēlon esti. pōs gar eiē touto, autou tou kyriou epimartyrountos kai legontos hoti »ou mē piō [auto] ek tou gennēmatos tēs ampelou tautēs, heōs an piō auto kainon methʼ hymōn en tę̄ basileią tōn ouranōn«?
For the vine was not planted by the devil, nor did it receive its seed from a serpent, as is plain to everyone. How could this be, when the Lord himself bears witness and says, “I will not drink of the fruit of this vine until I drink it new with you in the kingdom of heaven”?
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Matt 26:29 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Christ's words at the Supper show the vine is not the devil's.
- Matt 26:29 is quoted freely ('of my Father' in Matthew). The editor deletes αὐτὸ.
Topics: Eucharist
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 45.4.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:201; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-45-4-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
45.4.3Holl GCS 25/31:201
καὶ ἐπειδὴ ἡ ἀλήθεια τὰς ἑαυτῆς ἀκτῖνας ἀποστίλβουσα εἰς τὸ παντελὲς κατὰ πρόγνωσιν θεοῦ τῶν ἐπιφερομένων κακῶν εἰς ἔλεγχον προετύπου τοὺς αὐτῆς λόγους, πανταχοῦ προεθέσπισε τὸ θεῖον γράμμα τὴν ἀναίρεσιν τῶν μελλόντων κατὰ τῆς ἀληθείας ἐπεγείρεσθαι·
kai epeidē hē alētheia tas heautēs aktinas apostilbousa eis to panteles kata prognōsin theou tōn epipheromenōn kakōn eis elenchon proetypou tous autēs logous, pantachou proethespise to theion gramma tēn anairesin tōn mellontōn kata tēs alētheias epegeiresthai;
And since the truth, shining out its rays completely, by God's foreknowledge of the evils that would be introduced, prefigured its words to refute them, the divine writing everywhere foretold the destruction of those who would rise up against the truth;
Notes and citation
Summary: Scripture foresaw and refuted such errors in advance.
Topics: Scripture and canon
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 45.4.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:201; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-45-4-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
45.4.4Holl GCS 25/31:201–202
ὡς διαρρήδην αὐτός που ὁ κύριος εἰς ἔλεγχον τοῦ ἐλεεινοῦ καὶ πεπλανημένου Σευήρου φάσκει, αὐτὸς ἑαυτὸν τὴν ἄμπελον λέγων »ἐγώ εἰμι ἡ ἄμπελος ἡ ἀληθινή«. εἰ δὲ ὅλως ψεκτὸν ἦν τὸ τῆς ἀμπέλου ὄνομα, οὐκ ἄν τοῦ ὀνόματος εἰς ἑαυτὸν ἐποιεῖτο τὴν ὁμοιότηα.
hōs diarrēdēn autos pou ho kyrios eis elenchon tou eleeinou kai peplanēmenou Seuērou phaskei, autos heauton tēn ampelon legōn »egō eimi hē ampelos hē alēthinē«. ei de holōs psekton ēn to tēs ampelou onoma, ouk an tou onomatos eis heauton epoieito tēn homoiotēa.
as the Lord himself expressly says somewhere, to refute the pitiable and misguided Severus, calling himself the vine: “I am the true vine.” And if the name of the vine were blameworthy at all, he would not have applied the likeness of the name to himself.
John 15:1 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Christ calls himself the true vine.
Topics: Christology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 45.4.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:201–202; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-45-4-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
45.4.5Holl GCS 25/31:202
ἀλλὰ καὶ οἱ ἀπόστολοί φασιν ἐν τῇ διατάξει τῇ καλουμένῃ ὅτι »φυτεία θεοῦ καὶ ἀμπελὼν ἡ καθολικὴ ἐκκλησία«·
alla kai hoi apostoloi phasin en tę̄ diataxei tę̄ kaloumenę̄ hoti »phyteia theou kai ampelōn hē katholikē ekklēsia«;
And the apostles also say in the so-called Ordinance that “the catholic church is God's planting and vineyard”;
Notes and citation
Summary: The apostolic 'Ordinance' calls the church God's vineyard.
- The 'Ordinance' (Διάταξις) is probably the Didascalia apostolorum, which opens with this phrase; it is not in the site's list of texts.
Topics: Church office
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 45.4.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:202; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-45-4-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
45.4.6Holl GCS 25/31:202
ἀλλὰ καὶ αὐτὸς ὁ κύριος πάλιν ἐν τῷ εὐαγγελίῳ ποιούμενος τὴν τοῦ ἀμπελῶνος παραβολήν, ὅτι »ἀνήρ τις οἰκοδεσπότης εἶχεν ἀμπελῶνα καὶ ἐξέδοτο αὐτὸν γεωργοῖς καὶ ἔπεμψε ζητῶν καρπὸν καὶ οὐκ ἔδωκαν«,
alla kai autos ho kyrios palin en tǭ euangeliǭ poioumenos tēn tou ampelōnos parabolēn, hoti »anēr tis oikodespotēs eichen ampelōna kai exedoto auton geōrgois kai epempse zētōn karpon kai ouk edōkan«,
and the Lord himself again, in the gospel, speaks the parable of the vineyard: “A man, a householder, had a vineyard and let it out to tenants, and sent seeking fruit, and they did not give it,”
Matt 21:33 (quotation, medium confidence) · Luke 20:9 (allusion, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Christ's parable of the vineyard and the tenants.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 45.4.6 (Holl GCS 25/31:202; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-45-4-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
45.4.7Holl GCS 25/31:202
ἀλλὰ καὶ πάλιν »ἀνήρ τις οἰκοδεσπότης ἔχων ἀμπελῶνα ἐξῆλθε ζητῶν ἐργάτας εἰς τὸν ἀμπελῶνα καὶ περὶ τρίτην ὥραν καὶ ἔκτην καὶ ἐνάτην καὶ ἑνδεκάτην«·
alla kai palin »anēr tis oikodespotēs echōn ampelōna exēlthe zētōn ergatas eis ton ampelōna kai peri tritēn hōran kai ektēn kai enatēn kai hendekatēn«;
and again, “A man, a householder who had a vineyard, went out seeking workers for the vineyard, at about the third hour and the sixth and the ninth and the eleventh”;
Matt 20:1 (quotation, medium confidence) · Matt 20:6 (allusion, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Christ's parable of the workers in the vineyard.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 45.4.7 (Holl GCS 25/31:202; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-45-4-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
45.4.8Holl GCS 25/31:202
ὡς ἐξ ἅπαντος τὸ τῆς ἐπιτηδεύσεως σκευώρημα καὶ τούτου τοῦ ἀπατεῶνος πανταχόθεν ἔχειν τὸν τιτρώσκεσθαι λόγῳ τῆς ἀληθείας. κἄν τε γὰρ ἐπιφαίνεται τὸ σκότος φωτὸς μὴ παρόντος, διʼ ὀλίγου σπινθῆρος ἡ ἀυτοῦ ἀφάντωσις τῆς αʼνατροῆς γενήσεται.
hōs ex hapantos to tēs epitēdeuseōs skeuōrēma kai toutou tou apateōnos pantachothen echein ton titrōskesthai logǭ tēs alētheias. kan te gar epiphainetai to skotos phōtos mē parontos, diʼ oligou spinthēros hē autou aphantōsis tēs aʼnatroēs genēsetai.
so that in every way the contrivance of this deceiver's invention too is wounded on every side by the word of truth. For even if darkness appears when light is not present, by a small spark its disappearance and overthrow will come about.
Notes and citation
Summary: Even a small light of truth dispels this darkness.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 45.4.8 (Holl GCS 25/31:202; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-45-4-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
45.4.9Holl GCS 25/31:202
συντόμως δὲ κέχρημαι τῇ αἱρέσει διὰ τὸ ἤδη ἐξειπεῖν ὅτι εὔάλωτος ὑπάρχουσα οὐ πολλῆς δεῖται ἐργασίας πρὸς σύστασιν τῆς κατʼ αὐτῆς ἀληθείας· μάλιστα δὲ ὅτι τάχα οἶμαι καὶ μηκέτι ἐκ ταύτης ὑπάρχειν τινάς, ἀλλʼ ἤ ἄρα σπανίους ἐν τοῖς ἀνωτάτω μέρεσιν.
syntomōs de kechrēmai tę̄ hairesei dia to ēdē exeipein hoti eualōtos hyparchousa ou pollēs deitai ergasias pros systasin tēs katʼ autēs alētheias; malista de hoti tacha oimai kai mēketi ek tautēs hyparchein tinas, allʼ ē ara spanious en tois anōtatō meresin.
I have dealt briefly with the sect because, as I have already said, being easy to catch it does not need much work to establish the truth against it; especially because, I think, there are perhaps no longer any members of it, or only rare ones in the most remote parts.
Notes and citation
Summary: Epiphanius treats the Severians briefly since few if any remain.
- ἀνωτάτω μέρεσιν ('highest parts') probably means 'the most remote (inland) regions'.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 45.4.9 (Holl GCS 25/31:202; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-45-4-9). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
45.4.10Holl GCS 25/31:202
Ἀπὸ ταύτης δὲ παρελθόντες, ὥσπερ σκορπόν δεινὸν καταπατὴσαντες ἀθρόως, τὰς ἑξῆς διασκοπήσωμεν, θεοῦ τὴν δύναμιν ἐπικαλούμενοι εἰς βοήθειαν τοῦ τε τὸ ἀληθὲς εἰπεῖν καὶ τοῦ αὐτὸν ἐμὲ μὴ βλάπτεσθαι, μάλιστα περὶ τῆς τοιαύτης δεινῆς καὶ ὀλετηρίου τῶν δογμάτων μέλλοντα ὑποφαίνειν κακοτροπίας. |
Apo tautēs de parelthontes, hōsper skorpon deinon katapatēsantes athroōs, tas hexēs diaskopēsōmen, theou tēn dynamin epikaloumenoi eis boētheian tou te to alēthes eipein kai tou auton eme mē blaptesthai, malista peri tēs toiautēs deinēs kai oletēriou tōn dogmatōn mellonta hypophainein kakotropias. |
Passing on from this one, as though we had trampled a dreadful scorpion all at once, let us examine the next, calling on God's power to help us to speak the truth and not to be harmed ourselves, especially when I am about to reveal the perversity of such dreadful and destructive doctrines.
Notes and citation
Summary: Epiphanius moves on to the next sect, asking God's help.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 45.4.10 (Holl GCS 25/31:202; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-45-4-10). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 46, chapter 1
46.1.1Holl GCS 25/31:202–203
Τατιανός τις ἀνέστη τούτους διαδεξάμενος ἤτοι κατὰ τοὺς αὐτῶν χρόνους ὤν ἤ μετʼ αὐτοὺς πάλιν τὴν ἑαυτοῦ τῆς κενοφωνίας διδασκαλίαν προστησάμενος.
Tatianos tis anestē toutous diadexamenos ētoi kata tous autōn chronous ōn ē metʼ autous palin tēn heautou tēs kenophōnias didaskalian prostēsamenos.
A certain Tatian arose who succeeded these, either living in their times or after them, again setting up his own teaching of empty talk.
Notes and citation
Summary: Epiphanius introduces Tatian.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 46.1.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:202–203; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-46-1-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
46.1.2Holl GCS 25/31:203
καὶ τὰ μὲν πρῶτα, οἷα δὴ ἀπὸ Ἑλλήνων ὁρμώμενος καὶ τῆς τῶν Ἑλλήνων παιδείας ὑπάρχων, συνακμάζει Ἰουστίνῳ τῷ φιλοσόμῳ, ἀνδρὶ ἁγίῳ καὶ φίλῳ θεοῦ, τῷ ἀπὸ Σαμαρειτῶν εἰς Χριστὸν πεπιστευκότι.
kai ta men prōta, hoia dē apo Hellēnōn hormōmenos kai tēs tōn Hellēnōn paideias hyparchōn, synakmazei Ioustinǭ tǭ philosomǭ, andri hagiǭ kai philǭ theou, tǭ apo Samareitōn eis Christon pepisteukoti.
At first, as one who came from the Greeks and was trained in Greek learning, he flourished together with Justin the philosopher, a holy man and a friend of God, who came to believe in Christ from among the Samaritans.
Notes and citation
Summary: Tatian was at first associated with Justin Martyr.
- φιλοσόμῳ in the digital text is read as φιλοσόφῳ ('philosopher').
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 46.1.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:203; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-46-1-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
46.1.3Holl GCS 25/31:203
οὗτος γὰρ ὁ Ἰουστίνος Σαμαρείτης ἦν τὸ γένος, εἰς Χριστὸν <δὲ> πεπιστευχὼς καὶ μεγάλως ἐξασκηθεὶς ἀρετῆς τε βίον ἐνδειξάμενος τὸ τέλος ὑπὲρ Χριστοῦ μαρτυρήσας τελείου στεφάνου καταξιοῦται ἐπὶ τῆς Ῥωμαίων ἐπὶ Ῥουστικοῦ ἡγεμόνος καὶ Ἀδριανοῦ βασιλέως, ἐτῶν τριάκοντα ὑπάρχων ἐν καθεστώςῃ Ἡλικίᾳ.
houtos gar ho Ioustinos Samareitēs ēn to genos, eis Christon <de> pepisteuchōs kai megalōs exaskētheis aretēs te bion endeixamenos to telos hyper Christou martyrēsas teleiou stephanou kataxioutai epi tēs Rhōmaiōn epi Rhoustikou hēgemonos kai Adrianou basileōs, etōn triakonta hyparchōn en kathestōsę̄ Hēlikią.
For this Justin was a Samaritan by birth; having believed in Christ, trained himself greatly and shown a life of virtue, he at last bore witness for Christ and was counted worthy of the perfect crown at Rome under the prefect Rusticus and the emperor Hadrian, being thirty years old, in the settled time of life.
Notes and citation
Summary: Epiphanius gives an account of Justin's martyrdom at Rome under Rusticus.
- Epiphanius's dating is translated as written; Justin was martyred under Rusticus in the reign of Marcus Aurelius (ca. 165), not Hadrian, and was then older than thirty.
Topics: Martyrdom
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 46.1.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:203; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-46-1-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
46.1.4Holl GCS 25/31:203
τούτῳ ὁ προειρημένος Τατιανὸς συνακμάσας τὰ πρῶτα καλῶς φερόμενος καὶ τῇ πίστει ἐρρωμένος ἐτύγχανεν, ὅσον ἦν σὺν τῷ ἁγίῳ Ἰουστίνῳ τῷ μάρτυρι.
toutǭ ho proeirēmenos Tatianos synakmasas ta prōta kalōs pheromenos kai tę̄ pistei errōmenos etynchanen, hoson ēn syn tǭ hagiǭ Ioustinǭ tǭ martyri.
The Tatian mentioned above flourished together with him, at first behaving well and strong in the faith, as long as he was with the holy martyr Justin.
Notes and citation
Summary: While Justin lived, Tatian remained sound in faith.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 46.1.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:203; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-46-1-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
46.1.5Holl GCS 25/31:203–204
ὅτε δὲ ἐτελεύτα Ἰουστίνος ὁ ἅγιος, ὥσπερ τυφλὸς χειραγνγούμενος <ὃς> ὑπὸ τοῦ χειραγωγοῦ καταλειφθείη καὶ καταλειφθεὶς ἐπὶ κρημνὸν ἑαυτὸν ἐκδοὺς διὰ τὴν προσοῦσαν αὐτῷ τύφλωσιν καταφέρεται ἀνεπισχέτως, ἕως εἰς θάνατον κατενεχθείη, οὕτω καὶ αὐτός.
hote de eteleuta Ioustinos ho hagios, hōsper typhlos cheiragngoumenos <hos> hypo tou cheiragōgou kataleiphtheiē kai kataleiphtheis epi krēmnon heauton ekdous dia tēn prosousan autǭ typhlōsin katapheretai anepischetōs, heōs eis thanaton katenechtheiē, houtō kai autos.
But when the holy Justin died, like a blind man led by the hand who is left by his guide, and, being left, gives himself over to a precipice because of his blindness and is carried down unchecked until he is carried down to death, so was he too.
Notes and citation
Summary: After Justin's death Tatian fell away like a blind man without a guide.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 46.1.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:203–204; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-46-1-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
46.1.6Holl GCS 25/31:204
Καὶ ἦν μὲν Σύρος τὸ γένος, ὡς ἡ εἰς ἡμᾶς ἐλθοῦσα γνῶσις περιέχει· τὸ δὲ αὐτοῦ διδασκαλεῖον προεστήσατο ἀπʼ ἀρχῆς μὲν ἐν τῇ Μέσῃ τῶν ποταμῶν, ὡς περὶ τὸ δωδέκατον ἔτος Ἀντωνίνου τοῦ εὐσεβοῦς Καίσαρος ἐπικληθέντος.
Kai ēn men Syros to genos, hōs hē eis hēmas elthousa gnōsis periechei; to de autou didaskaleion proestēsato apʼ archēs men en tę̄ Mesę̄ tōn potamōn, hōs peri to dōdekaton etos Antōninou tou eusebous Kaisaros epiklēthentos.
He was a Syrian by birth, as the information that has reached us has it; and he set up his school first in Mesopotamia, about the twelfth year of Antoninus, called the Pious Caesar.
Notes and citation
Summary: Tatian, a Syrian, founded his school in Mesopotamia about AD 150.
- The twelfth year of Antoninus Pius is about AD 149–150.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 46.1.6 (Holl GCS 25/31:204; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-46-1-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
46.1.7Holl GCS 25/31:204
ἀπὸ Ῥώμης γὰρ μετὰ τὴν τοῦ ἁγίσε διατρίβων, κακῇ διανοίᾳ περιπεσὼν αἰῶνάς μέρη καὶ ἐκεῖσε διατρίβων, κακῇ διανοίᾳ περιπεσὼν αἰῶνάς τινας κατὰ τοὺς μύθους Οὐαλεντίνου καὶ ἀρχάς τινας καὶ προβολὰς καὶ αὐτὸς εἰσηγήσατο.
apo Rhōmēs gar meta tēn tou hagise diatribōn, kakę̄ dianoią peripesōn aiōnas merē kai ekeise diatribōn, kakę̄ dianoią peripesōn aiōnas tinas kata tous mythous Oualentinou kai archas tinas kai probolas kai autos eisēgēsato.
For after the holy [Justin's death] he went from Rome to the [eastern] parts, and while staying there, having fallen into a bad way of thinking, he too introduced certain aeons after the myths of Valentinus, and certain principles and emanations.
Notes and citation
Summary: In the East Tatian adopted Valentinian-style aeons and emanations.
- The digital text is garbled here, repeating a phrase and losing words; the bracketed words are supplied by sense.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 46.1.7 (Holl GCS 25/31:204; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-46-1-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
46.1.8Holl GCS 25/31:204
τὸ δὲ πλεῖστον τοῦ αὐτοῦ κηρύγματος ἀπὸ Ἀντιοχείας τῆς πρὸς Δάφνην καὶ ἐπὶ τὰ τῶν Κιλίκων μέρη, ἐπὶ πλεῖον δὲ ἐν τῇ Πισιδίᾳ ἐκράτυνεν· ἀπὸ τούτου γὰρ κατὰ διαδοχὴν οἱ Ἐγκρατῖται λεγόμενοι τοῦ ἰοῦ μετεσχηκότες ὑπάρχουσι.
to de pleiston tou autou kērygmatos apo Antiocheias tēs pros Daphnēn kai epi ta tōn Kilikōn merē, epi pleion de en tę̄ Pisidią ekratynen; apo toutou gar kata diadochēn hoi Enkratitai legomenoi tou iou meteschēkotes hyparchousi.
Most of his preaching took hold from Antioch by Daphne as far as the regions of Cilicia, and more still in Pisidia; for from him, by succession, come those called Encratites, who have shared in his venom.
Notes and citation
Summary: Tatian's teaching spread from Antioch to Cilicia and Pisidia; the Encratites derive from him.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 46.1.8 (Holl GCS 25/31:204; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-46-1-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
46.1.9Holl GCS 25/31:204–205
λέγεται δὲ τὸ διὰ τεσσάρων εὐαγγέλιον ὑπʼ αὐτοῦ γεγενῆσθαι, ὅπερ κατὰ Ἑβραίους τινὲς καλοῦσι.
legetai de to dia tessarōn euangelion hypʼ autou gegenēsthai, hoper kata Hebraious tines kalousi.
The gospel “through four” (Diatessaron) is said to have been made by him, which some call the gospel “according to the Hebrews.”
Notes and citation
Summary: Tatian is credited with the Diatessaron.
- The identification of the Diatessaron with a gospel 'according to the Hebrews' is Epiphanius's report.
Topics: Scripture and canon
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 46.1.9 (Holl GCS 25/31:204–205; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-46-1-9). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 46, chapter 2
46.2.1Holl GCS 25/31:205
Τὰ αὐτὰ δὲ ταῖς παλαιαῖς αἱρέσεσι καὶ οὗτος δογματίζει. καὶ πρῶτον μὲν φάσκει μὴ σῴζεσθαι τὸν Ἀδάμ. ἐγκράτειαν δὲ οὗτος κηρύττει, τὸν δὲ γάμον πορνείαν καὶ φθορὰν ἡγεῖται, φάσκων μηδὲν διαλλάττειν πορνείας τὸν γάμον, ἀλλὰ τὸ αὐτὸ εἶναι.
Ta auta de tais palaiais hairesesi kai houtos dogmatizei. kai prōton men phaskei mē sǭzesthai ton Adam. enkrateian de houtos kēryttei, ton de gamon porneian kai phthoran hēgeitai, phaskōn mēden diallattein porneias ton gamon, alla to auto einai.
He too teaches the same as the ancient sects. First, he says that Adam is not saved. He preaches self-control, and regards marriage as sexual immorality and corruption, saying that marriage differs in no way from sexual immorality but is the same thing.
Notes and citation
Summary: Tatian denies Adam's salvation and equates marriage with sexual immorality.
- Reported by Epiphanius as a hostile summary; translated as written.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 46.2.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:205; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-46-2-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
46.2.2Holl GCS 25/31:205
ὅθεν ἐν τῷ προσχήματι τῆς ἐγκρατείας καὶ τοῦ ἐγκρατητικοῦ ἤθους κυβευτικὴν ἔσχε τὴν ἀγωγήν, ὡς λύκος ἅρπαξ ἐνδυόμενος προβάτου κώδιον καὶ πλανῶν τῷ προσκαίρῳ προσχήματι τοὺς ἀπατωμένους.
hothen en tǭ proschēmati tēs enkrateias kai tou enkratētikou ēthous kybeutikēn esche tēn agōgēn, hōs lykos harpax endyomenos probatou kōdion kai planōn tǭ proskairǭ proschēmati tous apatōmenous.
So under the pretence of self-control and of an ascetic character he had a deceitful way of life, like a ravening wolf putting on a sheepskin and deceiving those who are misled by a passing pretence.
Matt 7:15 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Epiphanius accuses Tatian of hypocritical asceticism.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 46.2.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:205; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-46-2-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
46.2.3Holl GCS 25/31:205–206
μυστηρίοις δὲ ὡσαύτως κέχρηται κατὰ μίμησιν τῆς ἁγίας ἐκκλησίας, ὕδατι δὲ μόνῳ χρώμενος ἐν τοῖς αὐτοῖς μυστηρίοις.
mystēriois de hōsautōs kechrētai kata mimēsin tēs hagias ekklēsias, hydati de monǭ chrōmenos en tois autois mystēriois.
He likewise uses mysteries in imitation of the holy church, but uses only water in these mysteries.
Notes and citation
Summary: Tatian's followers use only water in their Eucharist.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 46.2.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:205–206; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-46-2-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
46.2.4Holl GCS 25/31:206
Πεσεῖται δὲ καὶ οὗτος κατὰ πάντα τρόπον, ἀσύστατον ἔχων τὸ κήρυγμα (ἤδη δὲ καὶ οὗτος κατασβεσθεὶς οἶμαι ἔληξε καὶ τὸ αὐτοῦ διδασκαλεῖον). πόθεν γὰρ οὐκ ἐλεγχθήσεται ὁ τοιοῦτος;
Peseitai de kai houtos kata panta tropon, asystaton echōn to kērygma (ēdē de kai houtos katasbestheis oimai elēxe kai to autou didaskaleion). pothen gar ouk elenchthēsetai ho toioutos?
He too will fall in every way, having a preaching that cannot stand (and I think he has already been extinguished, and his school has ceased). For where will such a man not be refuted?
Notes and citation
Summary: Tatian's school has probably died out.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 46.2.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:206; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-46-2-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
46.2.5Holl GCS 25/31:206
πρῶτον μὲν γὰρ κατὰ τὰ ἄνω ἡμῖν προδεδηλωμένα καὶ πρὸς τὰς οὕτω φασκούσας αἱρέσεις *, ὅτι ἀδύνατον εἶναι πολλὰς ἀρχὰς γεννγτικὰς τῶν κατὰ διαδοχὴν γεννωμένων.
prōton men gar kata ta anō hēmin prodedēlōmena kai pros tas houtō phaskousas haireseis *, hoti adynaton einai pollas archas genngtikas tōn kata diadochēn gennōmenōn.
First, according to what we have shown above, and against the sects that speak this way, …, that it is impossible for there to be many principles generating the things born in succession.
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Notes and citation
Summary: Many first principles are impossible.
- The edition marks a gap (*).
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 46.2.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:206; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-46-2-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
46.2.6Holl GCS 25/31:206
αἱ γὰρ οὖσαι πολλαὶ καὶ μία, <ἅτε> ἐκ τῆς μιᾶς ὑπάρχουσαι [ἐκ] τῆς οὔσης [μιᾶς τῆς] αἰτίας τῶν πασῶν, εὑρεθήσονται· καὶ οὐκέτι πολλαὶ ἀρχαὶ ἀλλʼ ἢ μία ἡ τούτων αἰτία γεγονυῖα, καὶ ἀναχθήσεται τὰ πάντα εἰς τὴν μίαν μοναρχίαν καὶ διέπεσεν ἡ τοῦ τοιούτου πιθανολογία * καὶ οὐκ ἀλήθεια, οὐδὲ τὴν πιθανολογίαν δυναμένη ἔχειν. μωρὸν γὰρ τὸ ὅλον κήρυγμα.
hai gar ousai pollai kai mia, <hate> ek tēs mias hyparchousai [ek] tēs ousēs [mias tēs] aitias tōn pasōn, heurethēsontai; kai ouketi pollai archai allʼ ē mia hē toutōn aitia gegonuia, kai anachthēsetai ta panta eis tēn mian monarchian kai diepesen hē tou toioutou pithanologia * kai ouk alētheia, oude tēn pithanologian dynamenē echein. mōron gar to holon kērygma.
For those that are many will also be found to be one, since they come from the one which is the cause of them all; and there are no longer many principles, but the one that became their cause, and everything will be brought back to the one monarchy; and the plausible talk of such a man has collapsed …, not truth, not even able to be plausible. For the whole preaching is foolish.
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Notes and citation
Summary: All things trace back to one first cause.
- The editor deletes several repeated words; the edition marks a gap (*).
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 46.2.6 (Holl GCS 25/31:206; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-46-2-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
46.2.7Holl GCS 25/31:206
καὶ εἰ ὁ Ἀδὰμ οὐ σῴζεται, τὸ φύραμα, οὐδέ τι <τῶν ἀπὸ> τοῦ φυφάματος σῴζεται. εἰ γὰρ ὁ πρωτόπλαστος καὶ ἐξ ἀθίκτου γῆς γενόμενος σωτηρίας οὐ μεθέξει, πῶς τὰ ἐξ αὐτοῦ γεγεννημένα ἕξει σωτηρίαν;
kai ei ho Adam ou sǭzetai, to phyrama, oude ti <tōn apo> tou phyphamatos sǭzetai. ei gar ho prōtoplastos kai ex athiktou gēs genomenos sōtērias ou methexei, pōs ta ex autou gegennēmena hexei sōtērian?
And if Adam, the lump, is not saved, nothing [of those from] the lump is saved either. For if the first-formed, who came from untouched earth, will not share in salvation, how will those born of him have salvation?
Notes and citation
Summary: If Adam is not saved, none of his descendants can be.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 46.2.7 (Holl GCS 25/31:206; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-46-2-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 46, chapter 3
46.3.1Holl GCS 25/31:206
3. Κατὰ γὰρ δύο τρόπους εὑρεθήσεται καθʼ ἑαυτοῦ λέγων. φάσκει γὰρ τὸν γάμον εἷναι οὐκ ἐκ τοῦ θεοῦ, ἀλλὰ πορνείαν εἶναι αὐτὸν καὶ μύσος· καὶ ἑαυτὸν ἀπὸ γάμου ὑπάρχοντα καὶ ἐκ γυναικὸς γεγεννημένον καὶ ἐκ σπορᾶς ἀνδρὸς ἡγεῖται σῴζεσθαι.
3. Kata gar dyo tropous heurethēsetai kathʼ heautou legōn. phaskei gar ton gamon heinai ouk ek tou theou, alla porneian einai auton kai mysos; kai heauton apo gamou hyparchonta kai ek gynaikos gegennēmenon kai ek sporas andros hēgeitai sǭzesthai.
For he will be found speaking against himself in two ways. He says that marriage is not from God, but is sexual immorality and pollution; and yet he, who comes from marriage, born of a woman and from a man's seed, thinks he is saved.
Notes and citation
Summary: Tatian condemns marriage though he himself was born of it.
Topics: Marriage
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 46.3.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:206; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-46-3-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
46.3.2Holl GCS 25/31:206
ἄρα οὖν πάλιν ἀνέλυσε τὴν αὐτοῦ κατὰ τοῦ γάμου βλασφημίαν. εἰ γὰρ οὗτος ἐκ γάμου ὑπάρχων σωτηρίαν ἕξει, ἄρα οὐ βδέλυγμα ὁ γάμος, ὁ γεννῶν τοὺς τῆς σωτηρίας μετέχοντας, οἵῳ δἂν θέλοι τρόπῳ λέγειν.
ara oun palin anelyse tēn autou kata tou gamou blasphēmian. ei gar houtos ek gamou hyparchōn sōtērian hexei, ara ou bdelygma ho gamos, ho gennōn tous tēs sōtērias metechontas, hoiǭ dan theloi tropǭ legein.
So again he has undone his own blasphemy against marriage. For if he, who comes from marriage, will have salvation, then marriage is not an abomination, since it begets those who share in salvation, in whatever way he wishes to put it.
Notes and citation
Summary: Marriage produces those who are saved, so it is not an abomination.
Topics: Marriage
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 46.3.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:206; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-46-3-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
46.3.3Holl GCS 25/31:206
εἰ δὲ συσταίη ὁ κατʼ αὐτὸν λόγος ὅτι ἀθέμιτός ἐστιν ὁ γάμος, ἄρα μᾶλλον ὁ Ἀδὰμ σωθήσεται, μὴ ἀπὸ γάμου ὁρμώμενος, ἀλλὰ ἐν χειρὶ πατρὸς καὶ υἱοῦ καὶ ἁγίου πνεύματος πεπλασμένος κατὰ τὸ εἰρημένον ὑπʼ αὐτοῦ τοῦ ἁγίου πατρὸς πρὸς τὸν υἱὸν ὅτι »ποιήσωμεν ἄνθρωπον κατʼ εἰκόνα ἡμετέραν καὶ καθʼ ὁμοίωσιν«.
ei de systaiē ho katʼ auton logos hoti athemitos estin ho gamos, ara mallon ho Adam sōthēsetai, mē apo gamou hormōmenos, alla en cheiri patros kai huiou kai hagiou pneumatos peplasmenos kata to eirēmenon hypʼ autou tou hagiou patros pros ton huion hoti »poiēsōmen anthrōpon katʼ eikona hēmeteran kai kathʼ homoiōsin«.
And if his argument that marriage is unlawful were to stand, then Adam would all the more be saved, since he did not come from marriage, but was formed by the hand of the Father, the Son and the Holy Spirit, according to what the holy Father himself said to the Son, “Let us make man according to our image and likeness.”
Gen 1:26 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Adam, not born of marriage but formed by God, would on Tatian's view be saved first.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 46.3.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:206; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-46-3-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
46.3.4Holl GCS 25/31:206–207
πῶς δὲ οὐ σῴζεται ὁ Ἀδὰμ ὁ παρὰ σοὶ ἀπελπιζόμενος, ὁπότε αὐτὸς ὁ κύριος ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦς χριστὸς ἐλθὼν εἰς τὸν κόσμον νεκροὺς μετὰ τὴν τελευτὴν ἐγείρει ἐν αὐτῷ τῷ σώματι, ὡς τὸν Λάζαρον καὶ τὸν υἱὸν τῆς χήρας καὶ τὴν θυγατέρα τοῦ ἀρχισυναγώυου;
pōs de ou sǭzetai ho Adam ho para soi apelpizomenos, hopote autos ho kyrios hēmōn Iēsous christos elthōn eis ton kosmon nekrous meta tēn teleutēn egeirei en autǭ tǭ sōmati, hōs ton Lazaron kai ton huion tēs chēras kai tēn thygatera tou archisynagōyou?
And how is Adam not saved, whom you despair of, when our Lord Jesus Christ himself, coming into the world, raises the dead after death in that same body, like Lazarus and the widow's son and the daughter of the ruler of the synagogue?
John 11:43 (allusion, medium confidence) · Luke 7:14 (allusion, medium confidence) · Luke 8:54 (allusion, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Christ's raisings of the dead show his power to save Adam.
Topics: Eschatology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 46.3.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:206–207; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-46-3-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
46.3.5Holl GCS 25/31:207
καὶ εἰ αὐτὸς οὐκ ἦν ὁ τὸν Ἀδὰμ πλάσας ἐκ χοὸς ἀπʼ ἀρχῆς, πῶς πτύσας χαμαὶ ἐποίησε πηλὸν καὶ ἐπέθετο ἐπὶ τοὺς ὀφθαλμοὺς τοῦ τυφλοῦ τοῦ ἐκ γεννντῆς καὶ ἐποίησεν αὐτὸν βλέπειν,
kai ei autos ouk ēn ho ton Adam plasas ek choos apʼ archēs, pōs ptysas chamai epoiēse pēlon kai epetheto epi tous ophthalmous tou typhlou tou ek gennntēs kai epoiēsen auton blepein,
And if he was not the one who formed Adam from dust in the beginning, how did he spit on the ground, make clay, put it on the eyes of the man blind from birth, and make him see,
John 9:6 (allusion, high confidence) · Gen 2:7 (allusion, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Christ's healing with clay recalls his forming of Adam.
Topics: Christology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 46.3.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:207; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-46-3-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
46.3.6Holl GCS 25/31:207
ἵνα δείξῃ ἑαυτὸν μὲν εἶναι τὸν πλάστην σὺν τῷ πατρὶ καὶ τῷ ἁγίῳ πνεύματι, καὶ τὸ ἐλλιπὲς μέρος ἐν τῷ ἀπὸ γεννητῆς γεγεννημένῳ τυφλῷ διὰ τοῦ πηλοῦ προστιθεὶς τῷ λείποντι τόπῳ;
hina deixę̄ heauton men einai ton plastēn syn tǭ patri kai tǭ hagiǭ pneumati, kai to ellipes meros en tǭ apo gennētēs gegennēmenǭ typhlǭ dia tou pēlou prostitheis tǭ leiponti topǭ?
to show that he himself is the former, with the Father and the Holy Spirit, and by the clay adding the missing part to the lacking place in the man born blind?
Notes and citation
Summary: By supplying the missing part with clay, Christ shows he is the creator.
Topics: Christology, Trinity
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 46.3.6 (Holl GCS 25/31:207; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-46-3-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
46.3.7Holl GCS 25/31:207
διορθώσεως γὰρ ἕνεκεν τοῦ λείποντος μέρους φαίνεται τοῦτο σας καὶ αὐτὸς τὸν πρωτόπλαστον ἀπολλύει, τοὺς δὲ ἄλλους σῴζει, ὦ πολλή σου ματαιοφροσύνη, Τατιανέ.
diorthōseōs gar heneken tou leipontos merous phainetai touto sas kai autos ton prōtoplaston apollyei, tous de allous sǭzei, ō pollē sou mataiophrosynē, Tatiane.
For he is seen doing this to correct the missing part; and [would] he himself destroy the first-formed and save the others? O your great folly, Tatian!
Notes and citation
Summary: It is absurd that Christ would save Adam's descendants but not Adam.
- The digital text is garbled (φαίνεται τοῦτο σας); translated by sense.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 46.3.7 (Holl GCS 25/31:207; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-46-3-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
46.3.8Holl GCS 25/31:207
ἀδυναμίαν γὰρ τῷ κυρίῳ κατὰ δύναμιν προσάπτεις τῷ μὴ δυναμένῳ τὸν πρωτόπλαστον αὐτοῦ, διὰ μίαν παρακοὴν ἐκβεβλημένον τοῦ παραδείσου καὶ παιδείας οὐ τῆς τυχούσης, μετασχόντα, ἐν ἱδρῶτι καὶ καμάτῳ διατετελεκότα καὶ κατέναντι παραδείσου κατῳκηκότα, ὅπως μνημονεύοι τῆς ἀγαθῆς *, διὰ τῆς εἰς, μνήμην μετανοίας σῴζειν·
adynamian gar tǭ kyriǭ kata dynamin prosapteis tǭ mē dynamenǭ ton prōtoplaston autou, dia mian parakoēn ekbeblēmenon tou paradeisou kai paideias ou tēs tychousēs, metaschonta, en hidrōti kai kamatǭ diatetelekota kai katenanti paradeisou katǭkēkota, hopōs mnēmoneuoi tēs agathēs *, dia tēs eis, mnēmēn metanoias sǭzein;
For you attribute weakness to the Lord in his power, as though he could not save his first-formed, who was cast out of paradise for one disobedience and received no ordinary chastisement, who spent his life in sweat and toil and lived opposite paradise so as to remember the good …, through repentance in remembrance;
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Gen 3:19 (allusion, medium confidence) · Gen 3:24 (allusion, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Tatian's view makes Christ too weak to save the repentant Adam.
- The edition marks a gap (*).
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 46.3.8 (Holl GCS 25/31:207; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-46-3-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
46.3.9Holl GCS 25/31:207
ἢ * δυναμένῳ μέν, μὴ ἐλεοῦντι δέ. διʼ ἣν τοίνυν αἰτίαν ἄχρι τῶν καταχθονίων χριστὸς κατῆλθεν, τίτι τῷ λόγῳ τὸ τριήμερον κοιμηθεὶς πεπονθὼς ἀνέστη; πῶς δὲ πληροῦται <τό> »ἵνα καὶ νεκρῶν καὶ ζώντων κυριεύσῃ«; ποίων δὲ ζώντων καὶ νεκρῶν ἀλλʼ ἢ τῶν χρῃζόντων τῆς αὐτοῦ ἄνω καὶ κάτω ἐπικουρίας;
ē * dynamenǭ men, mē eleounti de. diʼ hēn toinyn aitian achri tōn katachthoniōn christos katēlthen, titi tǭ logǭ to triēmeron koimētheis peponthōs anestē? pōs de plēroutai <to> »hina kai nekrōn kai zōntōn kyrieusę̄«? poiōn de zōntōn kai nekrōn allʼ ē tōn chrę̄zontōn tēs autou anō kai katō epikourias?
or … as able, but not merciful. For what reason, then, did Christ go down to the regions under the earth? For what reason did he suffer, sleep three days, and rise? And how is “that he might be Lord of both the dead and the living” fulfilled? And what living and dead, if not those who need his help above and below?
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Rom 14:9 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Christ's descent to the dead shows his will to save them.
- The edition marks a gap (*).
Topics: Christology, Eschatology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 46.3.9 (Holl GCS 25/31:207; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-46-3-9). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
46.3.10Holl GCS 25/31:207
πῶς δὲ ἔσται τὰ ἀπὸ τοῦ φυράματος ἅγια, εἰ αὐτὸ τὸ φύραμα οὐκ ἔστιν ἅγιον, ὡς καὶ παρὰ τῷ ἁγίῳ ἀποστόλῳ ἐμφέρεται; ρεται; φάσκει γὰρ καὶ περὶ Εὔας ὁ αὐτὸς ἀπόστολος ὅτι »σωθήσεται διὰ τῆς τεκνογονίας, ἐὰν μείνωσιν ἐν πίστει καὶ δικαιοσύνῃ«.
pōs de estai ta apo tou phyramatos hagia, ei auto to phyrama ouk estin hagion, hōs kai para tǭ hagiǭ apostolǭ empheretai? retai? phaskei gar kai peri Euas ho autos apostolos hoti »sōthēsetai dia tēs teknogonias, ean meinōsin en pistei kai dikaiosynę̄«.
And how will what comes from the lump be holy, if the lump itself is not holy, as is found in the holy apostle? For the same apostle says of Eve too that “she will be saved through childbearing, if they remain in faith and righteousness.”
Rom 11:16 (allusion, high confidence) · 1 Tim 2:15 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: If the lump is holy, so are its branches; and Eve is saved through childbearing.
- Rom 11:16 is alluded to; 1 Tim 2:15 is quoted freely. The digital text repeats a syllable (ρεται).
Topics: Marriage
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 46.3.10 (Holl GCS 25/31:207; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-46-3-10). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 46, chapter 4
46.4.1Holl GCS 25/31:207
4. Καὶ πολλὰ ἔστι περὶ τούτων λέγειν, ὡς παντί τῳ σύνεσιν κεκτημένῳ φανήσεται ἡ πρόχειρος βλασφημία καὶ ἐσκοτωμένη διάνοια τοῦ Τατιανοῦ καὶ τῶν ἀπʼ αὐτοῦ Τατιανῶν καλουμένων.
4. Kai polla esti peri toutōn legein, hōs panti tǭ synesin kektēmenǭ phanēsetai hē procheiros blasphēmia kai eskotōmenē dianoia tou Tatianou kai tōn apʼ autou Tatianōn kaloumenōn.
There is much to say about these things, so that the ready blasphemy and darkened mind of Tatian and of those called Tatianists after him will be plain to everyone who has understanding.
Notes and citation
Summary: Tatian's blasphemy is plain to the intelligent.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 46.4.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:207; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-46-4-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
46.4.2Holl GCS 25/31:207–208
παρὶ ὧν συντόμως διεξελθόντες τὰ κατʼ αὐτοὺς βλαβερὰ καὶ καωνώπων δικην δήγματα, ἐλαίου ἰκμάδα τῆς τοῦ κυρίου διδασκαλίας τοῖς δεδηγμένοις ὑπὸ τῶν Τατιανοῦ λόγων ἐπιθέμενοι ἰασάμεθα διὰ τῆς τοῦ κυρίου ἀληθείας καὶ δυνάμεως. αὐτοῦ λέγοντος ὅτι ᾿οὐκ ἦλθον εἰ μὴ διὰ τὸ πρόβατον τὸ πεπλανημένον οἴκου Ἰσραήλ«.
pari hōn syntomōs diexelthontes ta katʼ autous blabera kai kaōnōpōn dikēn dēgmata, elaiou ikmada tēs tou kyriou didaskalias tois dedēgmenois hypo tōn Tatianou logōn epithemenoi iasametha dia tēs tou kyriou alētheias kai dynameōs. autou legontos hoti ᾿ouk ēlthon ei mē dia to probaton to peplanēmenon oikou Israēl«.
Having briefly gone through their harmful teachings and their bites, like those of gnats, we have healed those bitten by Tatian's words, applying the moisture of the oil of the Lord's teaching, through the truth and power of the Lord, since he says, “I came only for the lost sheep of the house of Israel.”
Matt 15:24 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The Lord's teaching heals those harmed by Tatian.
- Matt 15:24 is quoted freely.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 46.4.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:207–208; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-46-4-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
46.4.3Holl GCS 25/31:208
διὸ καὶ ἐν παραβολαῖς ἔλεγεν ὅτι ἄνθρωπός τις κατέβαινεν ἀπὸ Ἱερουσαλὴμ εἰς Ἱεριχώ, ὃν δὴ καὶ λῃσταῖς περιπεσεῖν διηγεῖτο, ἵνα δείξῃ τὸ πρόβατον καὶ τὸν ἀπὸ Ἱερουσαλὴμ καταβεβηκότα, τὸν ἀπὸ τῆς δόξης τῆς μείζονος εἰς ἐλάττωσιν κατενεχθέντα καὶ τὸν ἀπὸ τῆς μιᾶς ἐντολῆς τοῦ ἰδίου ποιμένος ἀποσπασθέντα καὶ πεπλανημένον.
dio kai en parabolais elegen hoti anthrōpos tis katebainen apo Hierousalēm eis Hierichō, hon dē kai lę̄stais peripesein diēgeito, hina deixę̄ to probaton kai ton apo Hierousalēm katabebēkota, ton apo tēs doxēs tēs meizonos eis elattōsin katenechthenta kai ton apo tēs mias entolēs tou idiou poimenos apospasthenta kai peplanēmenon.
That is why he said in parables that a certain man went down from Jerusalem to Jericho, and told how he fell among robbers, to show the sheep and the one who went down from Jerusalem, the one brought down from the greater glory to diminishment, the one torn away from the one commandment of his own shepherd and gone astray.
Luke 10:30 (allusion, high confidence) · Luke 15:4 (allusion, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Epiphanius reads the parables of the lost sheep and the Good Samaritan as about Adam.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 46.4.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:208; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-46-4-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
46.4.4Holl GCS 25/31:208
ὅθεν καὶ τὸν ἅγιον Ἀδὰμ τὸν πατέρα <ἡμῶν> ἐν ζῶσι πεπιστεύκαμεν· διʼ ὃν καὶ τοὺς ἀπʼ αὐτοῦ ἡμᾶς πάντας Χριστὸς ἦλθεν, τοῖς μὲν πάλαι αὐτὸν γινώσκουσι καὶ μὴ πλανηθεῖσιν ἀπὸ τῆς αὐτοῦ θεότητος ἕνεκεν δὲ σφαλμάτων ἐν Ἅιδῃ κατεσχημένοις ἀμνηστίαν χαρίσασθαι, τοῖς μὲν ἔτι ἐν κόσμῳ διὰ μετανοίας, τοῖς δὲ ἐν Ἁιδῃ διʼ ἐλέους καὶ σωτηρίας.
hothen kai ton hagion Adam ton patera <hēmōn> en zōsi pepisteukamen; diʼ hon kai tous apʼ autou hēmas pantas Christos ēlthen, tois men palai auton ginōskousi kai mē planētheisin apo tēs autou theotētos heneken de sphalmatōn en Haidę̄ kateschēmenois amnēstian charisasthai, tois men eti en kosmǭ dia metanoias, tois de en Haidę̄ diʼ eleous kai sōtērias.
So we have believed that holy Adam, [our] father, is among the living; for his sake Christ came also for all of us who come from him, to grant amnesty to those who of old knew him and did not stray from his Godhead but were held in Hades because of their faults: to those still in the world through repentance, to those in Hades through mercy and salvation.
Notes and citation
Summary: Adam is saved; Christ came to grant amnesty to the living by repentance and to the dead in Hades by mercy.
Topics: Eschatology, Christology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 46.4.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:208; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-46-4-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 46, chapter 5
46.5.1Holl GCS 25/31:208
5. Διὸ καὶ θαυμάσαι ἔστι τὸν εἰδότα, ὡς καὶ ἐν βίβλοις ηὑρήκαμεν, μεν, τὸν κύριον ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦν χριστὸν ἐν τῷ Γολγοθᾷ ἐσταυρῶσθαι.
5. Dio kai thaumasai esti ton eidota, hōs kai en biblois hēurēkamen, men, ton kyrion hēmōn Iēsoun christon en tǭ Golgothą estaurōsthai.
That is why one may wonder at the one who knows, as we have found in books, that our Lord Jesus Christ was crucified at Golgotha,
Notes and citation
Summary: Epiphanius turns to the tradition about Golgotha.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 46.5.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:208; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-46-5-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
46.5.2Holl GCS 25/31:208–209
οὐκ ἄλλῃ που ἀλλʼ ἢ ἔνθα ἔκειτο τὸ τοῦ Ἀδὰμ σῶμα. ἐξελθὼν γὰρ ἐκ τοῦ παραδείσου καὶ κατῳκηκὼς κατέναντι αὐτοῦ πολλῷ τῷ χρόνῳ καὶ διὰ πολλῶν τῶν ἡμερῶν διελθὼν ὕστερον ἦλθε καὶ ἐν τῷ τόπῳ τούτῳ, Ἱεροσολύμων δέ φημι, τὸ χρεὼν ἀποδεδωκὼς [καὶ] ἐκεῖσε ἐτάφη ἐν τῷ τόπῳ τῷ Γολγοθᾷ.
ouk allę̄ pou allʼ ē entha ekeito to tou Adam sōma. exelthōn gar ek tou paradeisou kai katǭkēkōs katenanti autou pollǭ tǭ chronǭ kai dia pollōn tōn hēmerōn dielthōn hysteron ēlthe kai en tǭ topǭ toutǭ, Hierosolymōn de phēmi, to chreōn apodedōkōs [kai] ekeise etaphē en tǭ topǭ tǭ Golgothą.
nowhere else but where Adam's body lay. For having gone out of paradise and lived opposite it for a long time, and having passed through many days, he later came to this place too, I mean Jerusalem; and having paid the debt of death, he was buried there in the place Golgotha.
Notes and citation
Summary: Epiphanius reports that Adam was buried at Golgotha.
- This tradition (Adam buried at Golgotha) is reported by several early writers; it is translated as Epiphanius gives it.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 46.5.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:208–209; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-46-5-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
46.5.3Holl GCS 25/31:209
ὅθεν εἰκότως τὸ ἐπώνυμον ὁ τόπος ἔσχε, Κρανίου ἑρμηνευόμενος τόπος, ἧς ὀνομασίας τὸ σχῆμα τοῦ τόπου ἐμφέρειάν τινα οὐχ ὑποδείκνυσιν.
hothen eikotōs to epōnymon ho topos esche, Kraniou hermēneuomenos topos, hēs onomasias to schēma tou topou emphereian tina ouch hypodeiknysin.
Hence the place fittingly got its name, which is translated “Place of the Skull,” though the shape of the place shows no resemblance to this name.
John 19:17 (allusion, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Golgotha, 'Place of the Skull', does not look like a skull.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 46.5.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:209; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-46-5-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
46.5.4Holl GCS 25/31:209
οὔτε γὰρ ἐν ἄκρᾳ τινὶν κεῖται, ἵνα κρανίον τοῦτο ἑρμηνεύηται, ὡς <ὁ> ἐπὶ σώματος κεφαλῆς τόπος λέγεται, οὔτε <ἐπὶ> σκοπιᾶς.
oute gar en akrą tinin keitai, hina kranion touto hermēneuētai, hōs <ho> epi sōmatos kephalēs topos legetai, oute <epi> skopias.
For it does not lie on a summit, so that it could be interpreted as a skull, as the place of the head is called on a body; nor [on] a lookout.
Notes and citation
Summary: Golgotha is not on a hilltop.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 46.5.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:209; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-46-5-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
46.5.5Holl GCS 25/31:209
καὶ γὰρ οὔτε ἐν ὕψει κεῖται παρὰ τοὺς ἄλλους τόπους· ἄντικρυς γὰρ ἐστι τὸ τοῦ Ἐλαιῶνος ὄρος ὕψηλότερον καὶ ἀπὸ σημείων ὀκτὼ ἡ Γαβαὼν ὑψηλοτάτη, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἡ ἄκρα ἡ ποτὲ ὑπάρχουσα ἐν Σιών, νῦν δὲ τμηθεῖσα, καὶ αὐτὴ ὑψηλοτέρα ὑπῆρχεν τοῦ τόπου.
kai gar oute en hypsei keitai para tous allous topous; antikrys gar esti to tou Elaiōnos oros hypsēloteron kai apo sēmeiōn oktō hē Gabaōn hypsēlotatē, alla kai hē akra hē pote hyparchousa en Siōn, nyn de tmētheisa, kai autē hypsēlotera hypērchen tou topou.
Nor does it lie higher than other places; for opposite it the Mount of Olives is higher, and Gibeon, eight miles away, is very high; and the height that once was on Zion, but has now been cut down, was itself higher than the place.
Notes and citation
Summary: Other nearby heights are higher than Golgotha.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 46.5.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:209; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-46-5-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
46.5.6Holl GCS 25/31:209
πόθεν οὖν ἡ ἐπωνυμία τοῦ Κρανίου, ἀλλʼ ἐπειδὴ τοῦ πρωτοπλάστου ἀνθρώπου ἐκεῖ τὸ κρανίον ηὕρηται καὶ ἐκεῖ τὸ λείψανον ἐναπέκειτο, τούτου ἕνεκα Κρανίου τόπος ἐπεκέκλητο·
pothen oun hē epōnymia tou Kraniou, allʼ epeidē tou prōtoplastou anthrōpou ekei to kranion hēurētai kai ekei to leipsanon enapekeito, toutou heneka Kraniou topos epekeklēto;
Where, then, does the name “Skull” come from, if not because the skull of the first-formed man was found there and his remains were laid there; for this reason it was called Place of the Skull.
Notes and citation
Summary: The name comes from Adam's skull buried there.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 46.5.6 (Holl GCS 25/31:209; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-46-5-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
46.5.7Holl GCS 25/31:209
ἐφʼ οὗ σταυρωθεὶς ὁ κύριος ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦς ὁ Χριστὸς διὰ τοῦ ῥεύσαντος ἀπʼ αὐτοῦ ὕδατος καὶ τὴν αἵματος διὰ τῆς νυχθείσης αὐτοῦ πλευρᾶς αἰνιγματωδῶς ἔδειξ τὴν ἡμῶν σωτηρίαν, ἀπὸ τῆς ἀρχῆς τοῦ φυράματος ἀρξάμενος ῥαντίζειν τὰ λείψανα τοῦ προπάτορος,
ephʼ hou staurōtheis ho kyrios hēmōn Iēsous ho Christos dia tou rheusantos apʼ autou hydatos kai tēn haimatos dia tēs nychtheisēs autou pleuras ainigmatōdōs edeix tēn hēmōn sōtērian, apo tēs archēs tou phyramatos arxamenos rhantizein ta leipsana tou propatoros,
Crucified above it, our Lord Jesus Christ, by the water and blood that flowed from his pierced side, showed our salvation in a riddle, beginning to sprinkle the remains of our forefather from the beginning of the lump,
John 19:34 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The water and blood from Christ's side sprinkled Adam's remains beneath the cross.
Topics: Christology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 46.5.7 (Holl GCS 25/31:209; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-46-5-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
46.5.8Holl GCS 25/31:209
ἵνα καὶ ἡμῖν ὑποδείξῃ τὸν ῥαντισμὸν τοῦ αὐτοῦ αἵματος, εἰς κάθαρσιν τῆσ ἡμῶν κοινώσεως καὶ ψυχῆς μετανοούσης καὶ εἰς ὑπόδειγμα φυράσεως καὶ καθαρμοῦ ῥύπου τῶν ἡμετέρων ἁμαρτημάτων γενόμενον, τὸ ἐκχυθὲν ὕδωρ ἐπὶ τὸν ὑποκείμενον τῷ τόπῳ καὶ τεθαμμένον εἰς ἐλπίδα αὐτοῦ τε καὶ ἡμῶν τῶν ἐξ αὐτοῦ γεγεννημένων.
hina kai hēmin hypodeixę̄ ton rhantismon tou autou haimatos, eis katharsin tēs hēmōn koinōseōs kai psychēs metanoousēs kai eis hypodeigma phyraseōs kai katharmou rhypou tōn hēmeterōn hamartēmatōn genomenon, to ekchythen hydōr epi ton hypokeimenon tǭ topǭ kai tethammenon eis elpida autou te kai hēmōn tōn ex autou gegennēmenōn.
to show us too the sprinkling of his blood, which became a cleansing of our defilement and of the repentant soul, and an example of kneading and cleansing the filth of our sins; the water poured out upon the one lying buried beneath the place, for the hope of him and of us who were born of him.
Notes and citation
Summary: This sprinkling signifies the cleansing of Adam's descendants.
Topics: Christology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 46.5.8 (Holl GCS 25/31:209; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-46-5-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
46.5.9Holl GCS 25/31:209
διὸ καὶ ἐνταῦδα ἐπληροῦτο τὸ εἰρημένον »ἔγειρε ὁ καθεύδων καὶ ἀνάστα ἐκ τῶν νεκρῶν καὶ ἐπιφαύσει σοι ὁ Χριστός«. εἰ γὰρ καὶ περὶ ἡμῶν λέγει τῶν νενεκρωμένων τοῖς ἔργοις καὶ τῶν καθευσόντων ἐν βάθει ὕπνου τῆς ἀγνωσίας, ἀλλʼ οὖν γε ἐκεῖθεν ἡ ἀρχὴ τῆς αἰνίξεως * περιέχει τὸν τρόπον.
dio kai entauda eplērouto to eirēmenon »egeire ho katheudōn kai anasta ek tōn nekrōn kai epiphausei soi ho Christos«. ei gar kai peri hēmōn legei tōn nenekrōmenōn tois ergois kai tōn katheusontōn en bathei hypnou tēs agnōsias, allʼ oun ge ekeithen hē archē tēs ainixeōs * periechei ton tropon.
So here too was fulfilled the saying, “Awake, O sleeper, and arise from the dead, and Christ will shine on you.” For even if it speaks of us who are dead in works and asleep in the deep sleep of ignorance, yet from there the beginning of the riddle … contains the manner.
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Eph 5:14 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Eph 5:14 was fulfilled first in Adam at Golgotha.
- The edition marks a gap (*).
Topics: Christology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 46.5.9 (Holl GCS 25/31:209; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-46-5-9). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
46.5.10Holl GCS 25/31:209–210
καὶ οὐχ ἁπλῶς οὐδὲ ἀργῶς· »ἀνέστη«, γὰρ φησι, »πολλὰ σώματα τῶν ἁγίων«, ὡς ἔχει τὸ εὐαγγέλιον, »καὶ εἰσῆλθον σὺν αὐτῷ εἰς τὴν ἁγίαν πόλιν« καὶ οὐκ εἶπεν, ἀνέστησαν ψυχαὶ τῶν ἁγίων, ἀλλὰ σώματα φύσει τῶν ἁγίων καὶ εἰσῆλθον μετʼ αὐτοῦ εἰς τὴν ἁγίαν πόλιν καὶ τὰ ἑξῆς.
kai ouch haplōs oude argōs; »anestē«, gar phēsi, »polla sōmata tōn hagiōn«, hōs echei to euangelion, »kai eisēlthon syn autǭ eis tēn hagian polin« kai ouk eipen, anestēsan psychai tōn hagiōn, alla sōmata physei tōn hagiōn kai eisēlthon metʼ autou eis tēn hagian polin kai ta hexēs.
And not simply or idly; for “many bodies of the saints arose,” as the gospel has it, “and went in with him into the holy city.” And it did not say that the souls of the saints arose, but the very bodies of the saints, and they went in with him into the holy city, and so on.
Matt 27:52 (quotation, high confidence) · Matt 27:53 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The saints' bodies, not only souls, rose at Christ's death.
- Matt 27:52–53 is quoted freely.
Topics: Eschatology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 46.5.10 (Holl GCS 25/31:209–210; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-46-5-10). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
46.5.11Holl GCS 25/31:210
Πανταχόθεν τοίνυν ἀποκρουσάμενοι τοῦ κώνωπος τούτου τὰ δήγματα διʼ ἐλαίου τῆς τοῦ θεοῦ φιλανθρωπίας καὶ κυρίου ἡμῶν ἐνδημίας καὶ φωτὸς τοῦ εὐαγελίου τὴς ἀληθείας, ἐπὶ τὰς ἑξῆς κατὰ τὸ εἰωθὸς πάλιν προσελθεῖν ἐν τῇ τοῦ θεοῦ δυνάμει σπεύσωμεν.
Pantachothen toinyn apokrousamenoi tou kōnōpos toutou ta dēgmata diʼ elaiou tēs tou theou philanthrōpias kai kyriou hēmōn endēmias kai phōtos tou euageliou tēs alētheias, epi tas hexēs kata to eiōthos palin proselthein en tę̄ tou theou dynamei speusōmen.
Having repelled on every side the bites of this gnat by the oil of God's love for mankind, the coming of our Lord and the light of the gospel of truth, let us hasten, as usual, to go on again to the next, in God's power.
Notes and citation
Summary: Epiphanius moves on from Tatian.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 46.5.11 (Holl GCS 25/31:210; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-46-5-11). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 47, chapter 1
47.1.1Holl GCS 25/31:210
Ἐγκρατῖταί τινες οὕτω καλούμενοι τοῦτον τὸν Τατιανὸν διαδέχονται, φύσει ὑπʼ αὐτοῦ πεπλανημένοι τε καὶ ἠπατημένοι, ἕτερα δὲ παρὰ τοῦτον φρονήσαντες καὶ εἰς μείζονα πάλιν ἐρεσχελίαν ἑαντοῦς ἐκδεδωκότες.
Enkratitai tines houtō kaloumenoi touton ton Tatianon diadechontai, physei hypʼ autou peplanēmenoi te kai ēpatēmenoi, hetera de para touton phronēsantes kai eis meizona palin ereschelian heantous ekdedōkotes.
Certain people, so called Encratites, succeed this Tatian, truly led astray and deceived by him, but holding other views than his and giving themselves over again to greater nonsense.
Notes and citation
Summary: The Encratites follow Tatian but go further.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 47.1.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:210; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-47-1-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
47.1.2Holl GCS 25/31:210
πληθύνουσι δὲ οὗτοι καὶ εἰς δεῦρο ἔν τε τῇ Πισδίᾳ καὶ ἐν τῇ Φρυγίᾳ τῇ κεκαυμένῃ οὕτω καλουμένῃ. ἴσως γὰρ κατὰ θεοῦ κόσμῳ διὰ τὸ κεκαθῦσθαι τοὺς οἰκήτορας ἀπὸ τῆς διαστροφὴς τῆς τοιαύτης καὶ τοσαύτης πλάνης· πολλαὶ γὰρ αἱρέσεις ἐν τῷ χώρῳ.
plēthynousi de houtoi kai eis deuro en te tę̄ Pisdią kai en tę̄ Phrygią tę̄ kekaumenę̄ houtō kaloumenę̄. isōs gar kata theou kosmǭ dia to kekathysthai tous oikētoras apo tēs diastrophēs tēs toiautēs kai tosautēs planēs; pollai gar haireseis en tǭ chōrǭ.
They are numerous to this day in Pisidia and in the so-called Burnt Phrygia. Perhaps it is by God's ordering that it is so called, because its inhabitants have been burnt by the perversion of such and so great error; for there are many sects in the region.
Notes and citation
Summary: Encratites are numerous in Pisidia and 'Burnt Phrygia'.
- The digital text is garbled (κατὰ θεοῦ κόσμῳ, κεκαθῦσθαι); translated by sense.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 47.1.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:210; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-47-1-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
47.1.3Holl GCS 25/31:210
εἰσὶ δὲ καὶ ἐν μέρεσι τῆς Ἀσίας καὶ ἐν τῇ Ἰσαύρων καὶ Παμφύλων μέρος, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἐπὶ τῆς Ἀντιοχέων τῆς Συρίας, οὐ πάντῃ δέ, * ἡ τοιαύτη αἵρεσις.
eisi de kai en meresi tēs Asias kai en tę̄ Isaurōn kai Pamphylōn meros, alla kai epi tēs Antiocheōn tēs Syrias, ou pantę̄ de, * hē toiautē hairesis.
They are also in parts of Asia, and in the region of the Isaurians and Pamphylians, and also in the territory of Antioch in Syria, but not everywhere … this sect.
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Notes and citation
Summary: Encratites are also found in Asia, Isauria, Pamphylia and near Antioch.
- The edition marks a gap (*).
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 47.1.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:210; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-47-1-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
47.1.4Holl GCS 25/31:210–216
Φάσκουσι δὲ καὶ οὗτοι ἀρχάς τινας εἶναι τήν τε τοῦ διαβόλου <δύναμιν> ἀντικειμένην πρὸς τὰ τοῦ θεοῦ ποιήματα, [καὶ] μὴ ὐποτασσομένου θεῷ, ἀλλὰ ἰσχύοντος καὶ πράττοντος ὡς κατὰ ἰδίαν ἐξουσίαν καὶ οὐχ ὡς ἐν παρεκτροπῇ γενομένου· οὐ γὰρ κατὰ τὴν ἐκκλησίλαν έγουσιν, ἀλλὰ ἄλλως παρὰ τὸ τῆς ἀληθείας κήρυγμα.
Phaskousi de kai houtoi archas tinas einai tēn te tou diabolou <dynamin> antikeimenēn pros ta tou theou poiēmata, [kai] mē ypotassomenou theǭ, alla ischyontos kai prattontos hōs kata idian exousian kai ouch hōs en parektropę̄ genomenou; ou gar kata tēn ekklēsilan egousin, alla allōs para to tēs alētheias kērygma.
They too say that there are certain principles, and the [power] of the devil, opposed to God's works, not subject to God but strong and acting as by its own authority, and not as having fallen into deviation; for they do not speak according to the church, but otherwise than the preaching of the truth.
Notes and citation
Summary: Encratites hold that the devil is an independent power opposed to God.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 47.1.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:210–216; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-47-1-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
47.1.5Holl GCS 25/31:216
κέχρηνται δὲ γραφαῖς πρωτοτύπως ταῖς λεγομέναις Ἀνδρέου καὶ Ἰωάννου Πράξεσι καὶ Θωμᾶ καὶ ἀποκρύφοις τιςὶ καὶ οἷς βούλονται λόγοις τῆς παλαιᾶς διαθήκης.
kechrēntai de graphais prōtotypōs tais legomenais Andreou kai Iōannou Praxesi kai Thōma kai apokryphois tisi kai hois boulontai logois tēs palaias diathēkēs.
They use chiefly the scriptures called the Acts of Andrew, of John and of Thomas, and certain apocrypha, and whatever words of the old covenant they wish.
Notes and citation
Summary: Encratites use the apocryphal Acts of Andrew, John and Thomas.
- The Acts of Andrew, of John and of Thomas are apocryphal acts not in the site's list of texts.
Extrabiblical texts: Acts Andr. (Acts of Andrew; allusion)
Topics: Heresy, Scripture and canon
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 47.1.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:216; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-47-1-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
47.1.6Holl GCS 25/31:216
τὸν δὲ γάμον σαφῶς τοῦ διαβόλου ὁρίζονται· ἔμψυχα δὲ βδελύσσονται, ἀπαγορεύοντες οὐχ ἕνεκεν ἐγκρατείας οὔτε πολιτείας, ἀλλὰ κατὰ φόβον καὶ ἰνδαλμὸν τοῦ μὴ καταδικασθῆναι ἀπὸ τῆς τῶν ἐμψύχων μεταλήψεως.
ton de gamon saphōs tou diabolou horizontai; empsycha de bdelyssontai, apagoreuontes ouch heneken enkrateias oute politeias, alla kata phobon kai indalmon tou mē katadikasthēnai apo tēs tōn empsychōn metalēpseōs.
They plainly define marriage as of the devil; they abhor living creatures [as food], forbidding them not for the sake of self-control or a way of life, but out of fear and a fancy of being condemned for partaking of living creatures.
Notes and citation
Summary: Encratites call marriage devilish and abstain from meat out of fear.
Topics: Heresy, Marriage, Fasting
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 47.1.6 (Holl GCS 25/31:216; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-47-1-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
47.1.7Holl GCS 25/31:216
κέχρηνται δὲ καὶ αὐτοὶ μυστηρίοις διʼ ὕδατος· οἶνον δὲ ὅλως οὐ μεταλαμβάνουσι, φάσκοντες εἶναι διαβολικὸν καὶ τοὺς πίνοντας καὶ τοὺς χρωμένους ἀνόμους εἶναι παρὰ τοῖς οὕτω πεπλανημένοις τὰ πάντα μανίας ἔμπλεα.
kechrēntai de kai autoi mystēriois diʼ hydatos; oinon de holōs ou metalambanousi, phaskontes einai diabolikon kai tous pinontas kai tous chrōmenous anomous einai para tois houtō peplanēmenois ta panta manias emplea.
They too use mysteries with water; they do not partake of wine at all, saying it is devilish and that those who drink and use it are lawless; among people so led astray everything is full of madness.
Notes and citation
Summary: Encratites use water in their mysteries and reject wine.
- There is no section 47.1.8 in the digital text.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 47.1.7 (Holl GCS 25/31:216; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-47-1-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
47.1.9Holl GCS 25/31:216–217
καὶ γὰρ ἔστιν ἰδεῖν καὶ θαυμάσαι καὶ εἰς ἔκπληξιν ἐλθεῖν τὸν συνετὸν ἄνθρωπον περὶ πάντων ὁριοῦν ὧν οἱ ἀλλότριοι λέγουσί τε καὶ πράττουσιν, ἀσυστάτως τῶν πάντων περʼ αὐτοῖς αὐτοῖς λεγομένων τε καὶ γινομένων καὶ μηδεμίαν ἔμφασιν ἀληθείας ἐπιδεχομένων.
kai gar estin idein kai thaumasai kai eis ekplēxin elthein ton syneton anthrōpon peri pantōn horioun hōn hoi allotrioi legousi te kai prattousin, asystatōs tōn pantōn perʼ autois autois legomenōn te kai ginomenōn kai mēdemian emphasin alētheias epidechomenōn.
For the intelligent person can see and wonder and be amazed in defining everything that strangers to the truth say and do, since everything said and done among them is incoherent and admits no appearance of truth.
Notes and citation
Summary: The Encratites' teachings are incoherent.
- ὁριοῦν is read as ὁρῶν ('seeing'); translated by sense.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 47.1.9 (Holl GCS 25/31:216–217; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-47-1-9). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 47, chapter 2
47.2.1Holl GCS 25/31:217
2. Εἰ γὰρ κέχρηνται παλαιᾷ καὶ νέᾳ διαθήκῃ, πῶς ἀρχαὶ διάφοροι εὑρεθήσονται, τῶν δύο διαθηκῶν συμφωνουσῶν περὶ μιᾶς * θεότητος τὴν γνῶσιν κηρυττουσῶν;
2. Ei gar kechrēntai palaią kai neą diathēkę̄, pōs archai diaphoroi heurethēsontai, tōn dyo diathēkōn symphōnousōn peri mias * theotētos tēn gnōsin kēryttousōn?
For if they use the old and new covenants, how will different principles be found, when the two covenants agree in proclaiming knowledge of one … Godhead?
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Notes and citation
Summary: Both covenants proclaim one God, which excludes several principles.
- The edition marks a gap (*).
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 47.2.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:217; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-47-2-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
47.2.2Holl GCS 25/31:217
εἰ δὲ καὶ νεκρῶν εἴη ἀνάστασις, πῶς ἔτι ὁ σεμνὸς γάμος τοῦ διαβόλου εὑρεθήσεται; ὁπότε θεὸς λέγει »αὐξάνεσθε καὶ πληθύνεσθε«, καὶ τοῦ κυρίου ἐν τῷ εὐαγγελίῳ λέγοντος »ὅ ὁ θεὸς συνέζευξεν, ἄνθρωπος μὴ χωριζέτω« καὶ τοῦ ἀποστόλου φάσκοντος »τίμιος ὁ γάμος καὶ ἡ κοίτη ἀμίαντος«.
ei de kai nekrōn eiē anastasis, pōs eti ho semnos gamos tou diabolou heurethēsetai? hopote theos legei »auxanesthe kai plēthynesthe«, kai tou kyriou en tǭ euangeliǭ legontos »ho ho theos synezeuxen, anthrōpos mē chōrizetō« kai tou apostolou phaskontos »timios ho gamos kai hē koitē amiantos«.
And if there is a resurrection of the dead, how will honourable marriage still be found to be of the devil? For God says, “Increase and multiply,” and the Lord in the gospel says, “What God has joined together, let not man separate,” and the apostle says, “Marriage is honourable and the bed undefiled.”
Gen 1:28 (quotation, high confidence) · Matt 19:6 (quotation, high confidence) · Heb 13:4 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Scripture shows marriage is from God and honourable.
- Heb 13:4 is quoted as a statement ('is honourable').
Topics: Marriage, Divorce and remarriage
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 47.2.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:217; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-47-2-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
47.2.3Holl GCS 25/31:217
ἀλλὰ ἐλεγχόμενοι βλασφημοῦσι τοῦτον μεθυστὴν καλοῦντες, εἰς ἑαυτῶν δὲ γνώμην καὶ παράστασιν μυθολογίας κατὰ τῶν πινόντων τὸν οἶνον ἐπιλαμβάνονταί τινα θηρολεκτοῦντες καί φασιν ἐκ τοῦ πονηροῦ τὸ τοιοῦτον εἶδος εἶναι· »ἔπιε, γάρ φησι, Νῶς ἀπὸ τοῦ οἴνου καὶ ἐγυμνώθη, καὶ Λώτ, φηςί,
alla elenchomenoi blasphēmousi touton methystēn kalountes, eis heautōn de gnōmēn kai parastasin mythologias kata tōn pinontōn ton oinon epilambanontai tina thērolektountes kai phasin ek tou ponērou to toiouton eidos einai; »epie, gar phēsi, Nōs apo tou oinou kai egymnōthē, kai Lōt, phēsi,
But when refuted they blaspheme, calling him a drunkard; and for their own opinion and to support their myth against those who drink wine, they seize on certain things, hunting for words, and say that such a thing is from the evil one: “For Noah,” they say, “drank of the wine and was stripped naked; and Lot,” they say,
Gen 9:21 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Encratites cite Noah's drunkenness against wine.
- 'Calling him a drunkard' probably refers to the apostle (Paul), who allowed wine (1 Tim 5:23); the referent is unclear in the Greek.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 47.2.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:217; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-47-2-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
47.2.4Holl GCS 25/31:217
μεθυσθεὶς θυγατράσιν ἰδίαις κατὰ ἄγνοιαν συνεμίγη καὶ διὰ μέθης γέγονεν ἡ μοσχοποιία· καί φησιν ἡ γραφή· τίνι θόρυβος; τίνι μάζαι; τίνι ἀηδίαι καὶ λέσχαι; τίνι συντρίμματα διὰ κενῆς; τίνος πελιδνοὶ οἱ ὀφθαλμοί; οὐ τῶν χρονιζόντων ἐν οἴνοις, οὐ τῶν ἐξιχνευόντων ποῦ πότοι γίνονται;«
methystheis thygatrasin idiais kata agnoian synemigē kai dia methēs gegonen hē moschopoiia; kai phēsin hē graphē; tini thorybos? tini mazai? tini aēdiai kai leschai? tini syntrimmata dia kenēs? tinos pelidnoi hoi ophthalmoi? ou tōn chronizontōn en oinois, ou tōn exichneuontōn pou potoi ginontai?«
“being drunk, had intercourse with his own daughters in ignorance, and through drunkenness the incest came about. And Scripture says, ‘Who has uproar? Who has strife? Who has disgust and gossip? Who has wounds without cause? Whose eyes are livid? Is it not those who linger over wine, who search out where there are drinking parties?’”
Gen 19:33 (allusion, high confidence) · Prov 23:29 (quotation, high confidence) · Prov 23:30 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: They also cite Lot's incest and Prov 23:29–30.
- μοσχοποιία (literally 'calf-making') is read by sense as the incest; the word is uncertain. Prov 23:29–30 is quoted in its Septuagint form.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 47.2.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:217; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-47-2-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
47.2.5Holl GCS 25/31:217
καὶ ἄλλα τινὰ τοιαῦτα ἐξιχνεύοντες συσσωρεύουσι διὰ τὴν ἑαυτῶν πιθανότητα, οὐκ εἰδότες ὅτι πᾶν τὸ ἄμετρον πανταχῇ λυπηρὸν καὶ ἔξω τοῦ προκειμένου ἀπηγορευμένον ὑπάρχει.
kai alla tina toiauta exichneuontes syssōreuousi dia tēn heautōn pithanotēta, ouk eidotes hoti pan to ametron pantachę̄ lypēron kai exō tou prokeimenou apēgoreumenon hyparchei.
And, searching out other such things, they heap them up for their own plausibility, not knowing that everything immoderate is everywhere harmful and forbidden beyond what is proper.
Notes and citation
Summary: Only excess, not wine itself, is forbidden.
Topics: Ethics
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 47.2.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:217; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-47-2-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
47.2.6Holl GCS 25/31:217–218
καὶ γὰρ οὐ μόνον ἐπὶ οἴνῳ τοῦτο εἴποιμʼ ἂν, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἐπὶ πάσῃ ἀπληστίᾳ. τοῦτο γὰρ καὶ ὁ κύριος ἐδίδασκε φάσκων »μὴ βαρυνέσθωσαν, φησίν, ὑμῶν αἱ καρδίαι ἐν κραιπάλῃ καὶ μέθῃ καὶ μερίμναις βιωτικαῖς« καὶ τό »εἰ ἀπληστότερος εἶ, μὴ ἐπιθύμει τῶν τοῦ πλουσίου βρωμάτων· ταῦτα γὰρ ἔχεται ζωῆς ψευδοῦς«.
kai gar ou monon epi oinǭ touto eipoimʼ an, alla kai epi pasę̄ aplēstią. touto gar kai ho kyrios edidaske phaskōn »mē barynesthōsan, phēsin, hymōn hai kardiai en kraipalę̄ kai methę̄ kai merimnais biōtikais« kai to »ei aplēstoteros ei, mē epithymei tōn tou plousiou brōmatōn; tauta gar echetai zōēs pseudous«.
And I would say this not only of wine but of all greed. For the Lord too taught this, saying, “Let not your hearts be weighed down with carousing and drunkenness and the cares of this life”; and “If you are rather greedy, do not desire the rich man's foods; for these belong to a false life.”
Luke 21:34 (quotation, high confidence) · Prov 23:3 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Scripture warns against all excess, not against food and drink as such.
- The second quotation is Prov 23:3 in its Septuagint form (cf. 23:1–3), cited without distinguishing it from the Lord's words.
Topics: Ethics
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 47.2.6 (Holl GCS 25/31:217–218; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-47-2-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
47.2.7Holl GCS 25/31:218
περισσοτέρως δὲ ὁ ἅγιος ἀπόστολος ἀπλήστους καὶ ἀδηφάγους ἐκκόπτων λαιμάργοις ἐπιθυμίαις ἐπαρώμενος ἔφη »τὰ βρώματα τῇ κοιλίᾳ καὶ ἡ κοιλία τοῖς βρώμασιν· ὁ δὲ θεὸς καὶ ταύτην καὶ ταῦτα καταργήσει«.
perissoterōs de ho hagios apostolos aplēstous kai adēphagous ekkoptōn laimargois epithymiais eparōmenos ephē »ta brōmata tę̄ koilią kai hē koilia tois brōmasin; ho de theos kai tautēn kai tauta katargēsei«.
And the holy apostle, cutting down the greedy and gluttons still more, cursing their gluttonous desires, said, “Food is for the belly and the belly for food; but God will destroy both the one and the other.”
1 Cor 6:13 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Paul warns against gluttony.
Topics: Ethics
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 47.2.7 (Holl GCS 25/31:218; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-47-2-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
47.2.8Holl GCS 25/31:218
ἀλλὰ καὶ Ἠσαῦ τὰ πρωτοτόκια διʼ ἑψέματος πυροῦ ἀπώλεσεν, ὥς φησιν ἡ γραφή, τὸ αὐτὸ καλοῦσα ἕψεμα πυροῦ καὶ φακῆς (οἶμαι δὲ τάχα ὅτι οὐκ ἀπὸ πυροῦ τουτέστιν ἀπὸ σίτου ἦν, ἀλλὰ τάχα ὡς ἤδη ἑψημένον λείψανον φακοῦ καὶ ἔτι ἐπιτεθὲν πυρὶ τὸ αὖθις πυρωθὲν ἡ γραφὴ <ἕψεμα> πυροῦ διηγήσατο, διὰ τὸ ἐπιθερμανθῆναι μετὰ τὸ ψυχρωθῆναι).
alla kai Ēsau ta prōtotokia diʼ hepsematos pyrou apōlesen, hōs phēsin hē graphē, to auto kalousa hepsema pyrou kai phakēs (oimai de tacha hoti ouk apo pyrou toutestin apo sitou ēn, alla tacha hōs ēdē hepsēmenon leipsanon phakou kai eti epitethen pyri to authis pyrōthen hē graphē <hepsema> pyrou diēgēsato, dia to epithermanthēnai meta to psychrōthēnai).
And Esau lost his birthright through a stew of wheat, as Scripture says, calling the same thing a stew of wheat and of lentils (I think perhaps that it was not of wheat, that is, of grain, but that Scripture described it as a “stew of fire” because it was the leftovers of lentils already cooked and put on the fire again and heated a second time, because it was warmed up after it had cooled).
Gen 25:34 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Esau lost his birthright through a stew, which Epiphanius explains.
- Epiphanius plays on πυροῦ ('of wheat') and πυρός/πυρωθέν ('of fire', 'heated'); the Septuagint of Gen 25:29–34 speaks of a lentil stew.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 47.2.8 (Holl GCS 25/31:218; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-47-2-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
47.2.9Holl GCS 25/31:218
καὶ ὡς ἐκεῖνος διʼ οἶνον ἐγυμνώθη μηδὲν ἀδικηθείς, οὕτως οὗτος μᾶλλον διὰ πεῖναν καὶ ἀπληστίαν τὰ πρωτοτόκια ἀπολέσας [μᾶλλον] ὑπὲρ τὸν οἶνον ἠδίκηται. καὶ οὐδὲν ἰσχύει ἐγγὺς τῆς ἀληθείας παραπεποιημένη λέξις οὐδὲ μυθώδης τις ἐπινενοημένη δραματουργία.
kai hōs ekeinos diʼ oinon egymnōthē mēden adikētheis, houtōs houtos mallon dia peinan kai aplēstian ta prōtotokia apolesas [mallon] hyper ton oinon ēdikētai. kai ouden ischyei engys tēs alētheias parapepoiēmenē lexis oude mythōdēs tis epinenoēmenē dramatourgia.
And as Noah was stripped naked because of wine and suffered no harm, so Esau rather, losing his birthright through hunger and greed, was harmed more than [Noah was] through wine. And no word falsified near the truth has any force, nor any mythical play-acting that has been devised.
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Notes and citation
Summary: Greed harmed Esau more than wine harmed Noah.
- The editor deletes the second μᾶλλον.
Topics: Ethics
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 47.2.9 (Holl GCS 25/31:218; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-47-2-9). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 47, chapter 3
47.3.1Holl GCS 25/31:218
3. Σεμνύνονται δὲ δῆθεν ἐγκράτειαν, σφαλερῶς τὰ πάντα ἐργαζόμενοι, μέσον γυναικῶν εὑρισκόμενοι καὶ γυναῖκας πανταχόθεν ἀπατῶντες, γυναιξὶ δὲ συνοδεύοντες καὶ συνδιαιτώμενοι καὶ ἐξυπηρετούμενοι ὑπὸ τῶν τοιούτων, ἔξω μὲν τῆς ἀληθείας ὄντες, »μόργωσιν μόνον κεκτημένοι, τὴν δὲ δύναμιν αὐτῆς τῆς εὐσεβείας ἠρνημένοι«.
3. Semnynontai de dēthen enkrateian, sphalerōs ta panta ergazomenoi, meson gynaikōn heuriskomenoi kai gynaikas pantachothen apatōntes, gynaixi de synodeuontes kai syndiaitōmenoi kai exypēretoumenoi hypo tōn toioutōn, exō men tēs alētheias ontes, »morgōsin monon kektēmenoi, tēn de dynamin autēs tēs eusebeias ērnēmenoi«.
They take pride, supposedly, in self-control, while doing everything in a dangerous way, being found among women, deceiving women everywhere, travelling and living with women and being served by them; they are outside the truth, “having only the form, but denying the power of godliness itself.”
2 Tim 3:5 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Epiphanius accuses the Encratites of hypocrisy with women.
- 2 Tim 3:5 is quoted freely; μόργωσιν is read as μόρφωσιν ('form'). The accusation is Epiphanius's.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 47.3.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:218; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-47-3-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
47.3.2Holl GCS 25/31:218
οἵου γὰρ ἄν τις ἔργου καταλείψῃ μέρος, τὸ πᾶν πλήρωμα ἀφῆκεν διὰ τοῦ ἑνὸς μέρους τοῦ καταλελειμμένου. ὅθεν τὰ παρʼ αὐτοῖς μυστήρια διʼ ὕδατος μόνον γίνεται, οὔτε μυστήρια ὄντα, ἀλλὰ κατὰ μίμησιν τῶν ἀληθινῶν [τὰ] ψευδῆ γινόμενα.
hoiou gar an tis ergou kataleipsę̄ meros, to pan plērōma aphēken dia tou henos merous tou kataleleimmenou. hothen ta parʼ autois mystēria diʼ hydatos monon ginetai, oute mystēria onta, alla kata mimēsin tōn alēthinōn [ta] pseudē ginomena.
For whatever part of a work someone leaves out, he has abandoned the whole fullness through the one part left out. So their mysteries are performed with water only; they are not mysteries, but false ones made in imitation of the true.
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Notes and citation
Summary: Their water-only mysteries are false imitations.
- The editor deletes τὰ.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 47.3.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:218; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-47-3-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
47.3.3Holl GCS 25/31:218
ὅθεν καὶ ἐν τούτῳ ἐλεγχθήσονται ἀπὸ τοῦ εὐθέος τοῦ σωτῆρος λόγου τοῦ λέγοντος »οὐ μὴ πίω ἀπὸ τοῦ γεννήματος τούτου τῆς ἀμπέλου ταύτης, ἕως ἂν πίω αὐτὸ καινὸν ἐν τῇ βασιλείᾳ τῶν οὐρανῶν μεθʼ ὑμῶν«.
hothen kai en toutǭ elenchthēsontai apo tou eutheos tou sōtēros logou tou legontos »ou mē piō apo tou gennēmatos toutou tēs ampelou tautēs, heōs an piō auto kainon en tę̄ basileią tōn ouranōn methʼ hymōn«.
So in this too they will be refuted by the straightforward word of the Saviour, who says, “I will not drink of this fruit of this vine until I drink it new in the kingdom of heaven with you.”
Matt 26:29 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Christ's words about the fruit of the vine refute them.
- Matt 26:29 is quoted freely.
Topics: Eucharist
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 47.3.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:218; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-47-3-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
47.3.4Holl GCS 25/31:218
Πάλιν οὖν ταύτην παρωςάμενοι χειρὶ κραταιᾷ τῆς ἀληθείας ὡς κνώδαλον ὀδυνηρὸν ὀδόντων ἀφῃρημένον ἐπὶ τὰς ἑξῆς ἴωμεν, συνήθως τὸ θεὸν τῶν ὅλων ἐπικαλούμενοι ὁδηγόν τε καὶ ἀμυντῆρα τῶν δεινῶν, ἐπίκουρόν τε τῆς φρονήσεως δότην τε ὄντα αὐτὸν τῆς σοφίας,
Palin oun tautēn parōsamenoi cheiri krataią tēs alētheias hōs knōdalon odynēron odontōn aphę̄rēmenon epi tas hexēs iōmen, synēthōs to theon tōn holōn epikaloumenoi hodēgon te kai amyntēra tōn deinōn, epikouron te tēs phronēseōs dotēn te onta auton tēs sophias,
So, having thrust this one aside again with the mighty hand of the truth, like a painful beast deprived of its teeth, let us go on to the next, calling, as usual, on the God of all as guide and defender against terrible things, helper of understanding and himself the giver of wisdom,
Notes and citation
Summary: Epiphanius prays for guidance before the next sect.
Topics: Prayer
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 47.3.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:218; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-47-3-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
47.3.5Holl GCS 25/31:218–219
ἵνʼ ἡμεῖς παρʼ αὐτοῦ τἀληθῆ μανθάνοντες τὰς τῶν ἄλλων * ἀποκαλύπτειν δυνηθείημεν καὶ τὴν κατʼ αὐτῶν ἀντίδοτον ἰατρικὴν ἐκ πολλῶν μυρεφικῶν εἰδῶν ἀπὸ τοῦ λόγου τῆς ἀληθείας κατασκευάσαι, τοῖς ἤδη πεπληγμένοις εἰς ἴασιν καὶ τοῖς ἐντυγχάνουσιν εἰς θεραπείαν καἰ τοῖς μέλλουσι γινώσκειν ἅ μὴ ᾔδεισαν εἰς παθῶν προκατάληψιν καὶ ἡμῖν εἰς σωτηρίαν καὶ θεοῦ μισθὸν ἀφθόνως δωρηθηςόμενον.
hinʼ hēmeis parʼ autou talēthē manthanontes tas tōn allōn * apokalyptein dynētheiēmen kai tēn katʼ autōn antidoton iatrikēn ek pollōn myrephikōn eidōn apo tou logou tēs alētheias kataskeuasai, tois ēdē peplēgmenois eis iasin kai tois entynchanousin eis therapeian kai tois mellousi ginōskein ha mē ę̄deisan eis pathōn prokatalēpsin kai hēmin eis sōtērian kai theou misthon aphthonōs dōrēthēsomenon.
so that, learning the truth from him, we may be able to uncover the … of the others, and prepare from the word of truth the antidote against them from many kinds of fragrant ointments: for healing those already stung, for treatment for those who read, for forewarning against their harms for those who will learn what they did not know, and for our salvation and a reward from God generously given.
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Notes and citation
Summary: Epiphanius hopes to provide an antidote to heresy for all readers.
- The edition marks a gap (*).
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 47.3.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:218–219; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-47-3-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 48, chapter 1
48.1.1Holl GCS 25/31:219
Ἀπὸ τούτων ἑτέρα πάλιν αἵρεσις ἀνακύπτει τῶν φρυγῶν καλουμένη, σύγχρονος γενομένη τούτοις καὶ αὐτοὺς διαδεχομένη.
Apo toutōn hetera palin hairesis anakyptei tōn phrygōn kaloumenē, synchronos genomenē toutois kai autous diadechomenē.
From these another sect again emerges, called that of the Phrygians, contemporary with these and succeeding them.
Notes and citation
Summary: Epiphanius introduces the Phrygians (Montanists).
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (Repeated syllables in the digital text.): καλουμένη, λουμένη, → καλουμένη,.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.1.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:219; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-48-1-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.1.2Holl GCS 25/31:219
οὗτοι γὰρ γεγόνασι περὶ τὸ ἐννεακαιδέκατον ἔτος Ἀντωνίνου τοῦ εὐσεβοῦς τοῦ μετὰ Ἀδριανόν, καὶ ὁ Μαρκίων δὲ καὶ οἱ περὶ Τατιανὸν καὶ οἱ ἀπʼ αὐτοῦ διαδεξάμενοι Ἐγκρατῖται ἐν χρόνοις Ἀδριανοῦ καὶ μετὰ Ἀδριανόν.
houtoi gar gegonasi peri to enneakaidekaton etos Antōninou tou eusebous tou meta Adrianon, kai ho Markiōn de kai hoi peri Tatianon kai hoi apʼ autou diadexamenoi Enkratitai en chronois Adrianou kai meta Adrianon.
For these arose about the nineteenth year of Antoninus Pius, who came after Hadrian; and Marcion, and those around Tatian and the Encratites who succeeded him, in the times of Hadrian and after Hadrian.
Notes and citation
Summary: The Phrygians arose about AD 156–157.
- The nineteenth year of Antoninus Pius is about AD 156–157; Epiphanius's chronology is translated as given.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.1.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:219; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-48-1-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.1.3Holl GCS 25/31:219–220
Οὗτοι γὰρ οἱ κατὰ Φρύγας καλούμενοι δέχονται καὶ αὐτοὶ πᾶσαν γραφὴν παλαιᾶς καὶ νέας διαθήκης καὶ νεκρῶν ἀνάστασιν ὁμοίως λέγουσι, Μοντανὸν δέ τινα προφήτην αὐχοῦσιν ἔχειν καὶ Πρίσκιλλαν καὶ Μαξίμιλλαν προφήτιδας· οἷς προςέχοντες τὸν νοῦν ἐξετράπησαν.
Houtoi gar hoi kata Phrygas kaloumenoi dechontai kai autoi pasan graphēn palaias kai neas diathēkēs kai nekrōn anastasin homoiōs legousi, Montanon de tina prophētēn auchousin echein kai Priskillan kai Maximillan prophētidas; hois prosechontes ton noun exetrapēsan.
For these, called Phrygians, also accept all the Scripture of the old and new covenant and likewise speak of the resurrection of the dead; but they boast of having a certain Montanus as a prophet, and Priscilla and Maximilla as prophetesses; by giving heed to them they have turned aside.
Notes and citation
Summary: The Phrygians accept Scripture and the resurrection but follow Montanus, Priscilla and Maximilla as prophets.
Topics: Heresy, Scripture and canon
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.1.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:219–220; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-48-1-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.1.4Holl GCS 25/31:220
περὶ δὲ πατρὸς καὶ υἱοῦ καὶ ἁγίου πνεύματος ὀμοίως φρονοῦσι τῇ ἁγίᾳ καθολικῇ ἐκκληςίᾳ, ἀπέσχισαν δὲ ἑαυτούς, »προςέχοντες πνεύμασι πλάνης καὶ διδασκαλίαις δαιμονίων«, λέγοντες ὅτι »δεῖ ἡμᾶς, φηςί, καὶ τὰ χαρίσματα δέχεσθαι«.
peri de patros kai huiou kai hagiou pneumatos omoiōs phronousi tę̄ hagią katholikę̄ ekklēsią, apeschisan de heautous, »prosechontes pneumasi planēs kai didaskaliais daimoniōn«, legontes hoti »dei hēmas, phēsi, kai ta charismata dechesthai«.
About the Father, the Son and the Holy Spirit they think as the holy catholic church does; but they have split themselves off, “giving heed to spirits of error and teachings of demons,” saying, “We must also receive the gifts.”
1 Tim 4:1 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The Phrygians are orthodox on the Trinity but split off over prophetic gifts.
- 1 Tim 4:1 is quoted freely.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.1.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:220; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-48-1-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.1.5Holl GCS 25/31:220–221
καὶ ἡ ἁγία δὲ τοῦ θεοῦ ἐκκληςία ὁμοίως τὰ χαρίσματα δέχεται, ἁλλὰ τὰ ὄντως χαρίσματα καὶ ἤδη ἐν ἀγίᾳ θεοῦ ἐκκληςίᾳ διὰ πνεύματος ἁγίου δεδοκιμασμένα παρά τε προφητῶν καὶ ἀποστόλων καὶ αὐτοῦ τοῦ κυρίου,
kai hē hagia de tou theou ekklēsia homoiōs ta charismata dechetai, halla ta ontōs charismata kai ēdē en agią theou ekklēsią dia pneumatos hagiou dedokimasmena para te prophētōn kai apostolōn kai autou tou kyriou,
And God's holy church likewise receives the gifts, but the true gifts, already tested in God's holy church by the Holy Spirit, by the prophets and apostles and the Lord himself,
Notes and citation
Summary: The church receives the true, tested spiritual gifts.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.1.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:220–221; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-48-1-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.1.6Holl GCS 25/31:221
φάσκοντος τοῦ ἀποστόλου Ἰωάννου ἐν τῇ ἐπιστολῇ ὅτι »δοκιμάζετε τὰ πνεύματα, εἰ ἔστιν ἐκ τοῦ θεοῦ« καὶ πάλιν δὲ λέγοντος ὅτι »ἠκούσατε ὅτι Ἀντίχριστος ἔρχεται καὶ νῦν Ἀντίχριστοι πολλοὶ γεγόνασιν. ἐξ ἡμῶν ἐξῆλθον, ἀλλʼ οὐκ ἦσαν ἐξ ἡμῶν· εἰ γὰρ ἦσαν ἐξ ἡμῶν, μεμενήκεισαν ἄν μεθʼ ἡμῶν· ἀλλʼ ἵνα γνωσθῶσιν ὅτι οὐκ ἦσαν ἐξ ἡμῶν. τούτου χάριν γράφω ὑμῖν, τεκνία« καὶ τὰ ἑξῆς.
phaskontos tou apostolou Iōannou en tę̄ epistolę̄ hoti »dokimazete ta pneumata, ei estin ek tou theou« kai palin de legontos hoti »ēkousate hoti Antichristos erchetai kai nyn Antichristoi polloi gegonasin. ex hēmōn exēlthon, allʼ ouk ēsan ex hēmōn; ei gar ēsan ex hēmōn, memenēkeisan an methʼ hēmōn; allʼ hina gnōsthōsin hoti ouk ēsan ex hēmōn. toutou charin graphō hymin, teknia« kai ta hexēs.
since the apostle John says in the epistle, “Test the spirits, whether they are from God,” and again says, “You have heard that Antichrist is coming, and now many antichrists have come. They went out from us, but they were not of us; for if they had been of us, they would have remained with us; but [they went out] so that it might be known that they were not of us. For this reason I write to you, little children,” and so on.
1 John 4:1 (quotation, high confidence) · 1 John 2:18 (quotation, high confidence) · 1 John 2:19 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: John commands believers to test the spirits.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.1.6 (Holl GCS 25/31:221; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-48-1-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.1.7Holl GCS 25/31:221
ἀληθῶς οὖν οὗτοι οὐκ εἰσὶν ἐξ αὐτῶν τῶν ἁγίων. ἐξέβησαν γὰρ τῇ αὐτῶν φιλονεικίᾳ, προσανέχοντες καὶ πνεύμασι πλάνης καὶ μυθολογίαις.
alēthōs oun houtoi ouk eisin ex autōn tōn hagiōn. exebēsan gar tę̄ autōn philoneikią, prosanechontes kai pneumasi planēs kai mythologiais.
Truly, then, these are not of the saints themselves. For they went out through their contentiousness, giving heed to spirits of error and to myths.
Notes and citation
Summary: The Phrygians left the church through contentiousness.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.1.7 (Holl GCS 25/31:221; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-48-1-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 48, chapter 2
48.2.1Holl GCS 25/31:221
2. Ἰδοὺ γὰρ ἐξ αὐτῆς τῆς ὑποθέσεως ἐλέγχονται μὴ δυνάμενοι πληροῦν τὰ ὑπʼ αὐτῶν ἐν φιλονεικίᾳ ὑπισχνούμενα. εἰ γὰρ δεῖ χαρίσματα δέχεσθαι καὶ δεῖ εἶναι ἐν ἐκκληςίᾳ χαρίσματα, πῶς οὐκέτι μετὰ Μοντανὸν καὶ Πρίσκιλλαν καὶ Μαξίμιλλαν ἔχουσι προφήτας; ἆρα ἤργησεν ἡ χάρις; οὐκ ἀργεῖ δὲ ἡ χάρις ἐν ἁγίᾳ ἐκκλησίᾳ· μὴ γένοιτο.
2. Idou gar ex autēs tēs hypotheseōs elenchontai mē dynamenoi plēroun ta hypʼ autōn en philoneikią hypischnoumena. ei gar dei charismata dechesthai kai dei einai en ekklēsią charismata, pōs ouketi meta Montanon kai Priskillan kai Maximillan echousi prophētas? ara ērgēsen hē charis? ouk argei de hē charis en hagią ekklēsią; mē genoito.
For see, they are refuted by their very position, since they cannot fulfil what they promise in their contentiousness. For if one must receive gifts, and there must be gifts in the church, how is it that they no longer have prophets after Montanus, Priscilla and Maximilla? Has grace become idle? But grace is not idle in the holy church, God forbid!
Notes and citation
Summary: If prophecy must continue, why have the Phrygians no prophets after their founders?
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.2.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:221; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-48-2-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.2.2Holl GCS 25/31:221
εἰ δὲ ἕως τινὸς προεφήτευσαν οἱ προφητεύσαντες καὶ * οὐκέτι προφητεύουσιν, ἄρα οὔτε Πρίσκιλλα οὔτε Μαξίμιλλα προεφήτευσαν, * μετὰ τὰς προφητείας τὰς διὰ τῶν ἁγίων ἀποστόλων ἐν τῇ ἁγίᾳ ἐκκλησίᾳ δοκιμασθείσας.
ei de heōs tinos proephēteusan hoi prophēteusantes kai * ouketi prophēteuousin, ara oute Priskilla oute Maximilla proephēteusan, * meta tas prophēteias tas dia tōn hagiōn apostolōn en tę̄ hagią ekklēsią dokimastheisas.
And if those who prophesied prophesied up to a certain time and … no longer prophesy, then neither Priscilla nor Maximilla prophesied, … after the prophecies tested in the holy church through the holy apostles.
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Notes and citation
Summary: If prophecy ceased, Priscilla and Maximilla came too late.
- The edition marks two gaps (*).
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.2.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:221; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-48-2-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.2.3Holl GCS 25/31:221
κατὰ δύο οὖν τρόπους ἐλεγχθήσεται ἡ αὐτῶν ἄνοια· ἢ γὰρ δείξωσιν εἶναι προφήτας μετὰ Μαξίμιλλαν, ἵνα μὴ ἀργήσῃ ἡ παρʼ αὐτοῖς λεγομένη χάρις, ἢ οἱ περὶ Μαξίμιλλαν ψευδοπροφῆται εὑρεθήσονται, μετὰ τὸν ὅρον τῶν προφητικῶν χαρισμάτων τολμήσαντες οὐκ ἀπὸ ἁγίου πνεύματος, ἀλλʼ ἀπὸ πλάνης δαιμονίων ἐνθουσιασθῆναι καὶ φαντασιάσαι τοὺς ἀκούοντας αὐτῶν.
kata dyo oun tropous elenchthēsetai hē autōn anoia; ē gar deixōsin einai prophētas meta Maximillan, hina mē argēsę̄ hē parʼ autois legomenē charis, ē hoi peri Maximillan pseudoprophētai heurethēsontai, meta ton horon tōn prophētikōn charismatōn tolmēsantes ouk apo hagiou pneumatos, allʼ apo planēs daimoniōn enthousiasthēnai kai phantasiasai tous akouontas autōn.
So their folly will be refuted in two ways: either they must show that there are prophets after Maximilla, so that the grace they speak of may not be idle; or Maximilla and her followers will be found to be false prophets, who, after the limit of the prophetic gifts, dared to be inspired not by the Holy Spirit but by the error of demons, and to deceive their hearers with fantasies.
Notes and citation
Summary: Either they have prophets after Maximilla or she was a false prophet.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.2.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:221; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-48-2-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.2.4Holl GCS 25/31:221–222
Καὶ ὅρα πῶς ἐξ αὐτῶν τῶν παρʼ αὐτοῖς λεγομένων ὁ ἔλεγχος πρὸς αὐτοὺς ῥηθήσεται. φάσκει γὰρ ἡ λεγομένη παρʼ αὐτοῖς Μαξί- μιλλα ἡ προφῆτις ὅτι, φησί »μετʼ ἐμὲ προφήτης οὐκέτι ἔσται, ἀλλὰ συντέλεια«.
Kai hora pōs ex autōn tōn parʼ autois legomenōn ho elenchos pros autous rhēthēsetai. phaskei gar hē legomenē parʼ autois Maxi- milla hē prophētis hoti, phēsi »metʼ eme prophētēs ouketi estai, alla synteleia«.
And see how the refutation of them will be spoken from their own sayings. For the one they call Maximilla the prophetess says, “After me there will no longer be a prophet, but the consummation.”
Notes and citation
Summary: Maximilla prophesied that after her would come the end.
- An oracle of Maximilla, quoted by Epiphanius; the Montanist oracles are not in the site's list of texts.
Extrabiblical texts: Mont. Or. (Montanist oracles; quotation)
Topics: Heresy, Eschatology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.2.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:221–222; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-48-2-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.2.5Holl GCS 25/31:222
ἰδοὺ δὲ ἐκ πανταχόθεν φαίνεται τὸ ἅγιον πνεῦμα καὶ τὰ πνεύματα τῆς πλάνης· ὅσα γὰρ οἱ προφῆται εἰρήκασι καὶ μετὰ συνέσεως παρακολουθοῦντες ἐφθέγγοντο, καὶ ἐτελέσθη τὰ παρʼ αὐτῶν εἰρημένα καὶ ἔτι πληροῦται.
idou de ek pantachothen phainetai to hagion pneuma kai ta pneumata tēs planēs; hosa gar hoi prophētai eirēkasi kai meta syneseōs parakolouthountes ephthengonto, kai etelesthē ta parʼ autōn eirēmena kai eti plēroutai.
And see, from every side the Holy Spirit and the spirits of error are made plain. For everything the prophets said, and uttered with understanding, following it with their minds, was fulfilled and is still being fulfilled.
Notes and citation
Summary: True prophecy is fulfilled.
Topics: Scripture and canon
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.2.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:222; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-48-2-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.2.6Holl GCS 25/31:222
αὔτη δὲ εἶπε μετʼ αὐτὴν εἶναι συντέλειαν, καὶ οὔπω συνετελέσθη, μάλιστα τοσούτων βασιλέων γενομένων καὶ τοσούτου χρόνου ὑπερβεβηκότος.
autē de eipe metʼ autēn einai synteleian, kai oupō synetelesthē, malista tosoutōn basileōn genomenōn kai tosoutou chronou hyperbebēkotos.
But she said that after her there would be the consummation, and it has not yet come, especially when so many emperors have come and gone and so much time has passed.
Notes and citation
Summary: Maximilla's prophecy of the end has failed.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (Repeated syllables in the digital text.): συντέλειαν, λειαν, → συντέλειαν,.
Topics: Heresy, Eschatology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.2.6 (Holl GCS 25/31:222; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-48-2-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.2.7Holl GCS 25/31:222
ἔτη γάρ εἰσιν ἔκτοτε πλείω ἐλάσσω διακόσια † ἐνενήκοντα ἕως τοῦ ἡμετέρου χρόνου, δωδεκάτου ἔτους Οὐαλεντινιανοῦ καὶ Οὐάλεντος καὶ <ὀγδόου> Γρατιανοῦ βασιλείας, καὶ οὔπω ἡ συντέλεια κατὰ τὴν αὐχήσασαν ἑαυτοὴν προφήτιδα, μὴ γνοῦσαν μηδὲ τὴν ἡμέραν τῆς αὑτῆς τελευτῆς.
etē gar eisin ektote pleiō elassō diakosia † enenēkonta heōs tou hēmeterou chronou, dōdekatou etous Oualentinianou kai Oualentos kai <ogdoou> Gratianou basileias, kai oupō hē synteleia kata tēn auchēsasan heautoēn prophētida, mē gnousan mēde tēn hēmeran tēs hautēs teleutēs.
For there are since then more or less two hundred and … ninety years up to our time, the twelfth year of the reign of Valentinian and Valens and the [eighth] of Gratian, and the consummation has not yet come, according to the prophetess who boasted of herself, who did not know even the day of her own death.
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Notes and citation
Summary: Some 290 years have passed without the end Maximilla foretold.
- The edition marks a corrupt numeral (†). The twelfth year of Valentinian and Valens is AD 375/6, the date at which Epiphanius was writing this part of the Panarion.
Topics: Heresy, Eschatology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.2.7 (Holl GCS 25/31:222; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-48-2-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.2.8Holl GCS 25/31:222
καὶ ἰδεῖν ἔστι πῶς πάντες οἱ ἀπὸ τῆς ἀληθείας ἑαυτοὺς ἀπαλλοτριώσαντες, ὅτι οὐκ ἑν εὐσταθείᾳ τινὶ λόγου μεμενήκασιν, ἀλλʼ ὡς νήπιοι ὑπὸ τοῦ ἀεὶ πλανῶντος ὄφεως παραπεπλεγμένοι εἰς ἀπώλειαν ἑαυτοὺς ἐκδεδώκασι καὶ εἰς τὸ γενέσθαι κατάβρωμα τοῦ λύκου ἔξω τῆς μάνδρας εὑρεθέντες παρελκυσθῆναί <τε> καὶ οὕτως ἀπολέσθαι, μὴ μάνδρας τοῦντες τὴν ἀρχήν, ἀλλὰ καταλείψαντες τὴν ἀλήθειαν, ἐν ναυαγίῳ ἐαυτοὺς καὶ ἐν κλύδωνι τῆς πάσης πλάνης παραδεδώκασιν.
kai idein esti pōs pantes hoi apo tēs alētheias heautous apallotriōsantes, hoti ouk hen eustatheią tini logou memenēkasin, allʼ hōs nēpioi hypo tou aei planōntos opheōs parapeplegmenoi eis apōleian heautous ekdedōkasi kai eis to genesthai katabrōma tou lykou exō tēs mandras heurethentes parelkysthēnai <te> kai houtōs apolesthai, mē mandras tountes tēn archēn, alla kataleipsantes tēn alētheian, en nauagiǭ eautous kai en klydōni tēs pasēs planēs paradedōkasin.
And one can see how all who have estranged themselves from the truth have not remained in any stability of reason, but, like infants entangled by the serpent who always deceives, have given themselves over to destruction, and to becoming the wolf's prey, found outside the fold, dragged off and so destroyed; not [keeping to] the fold from the beginning, but, having left the truth, they have handed themselves over to shipwreck and to the waves of all error.
Notes and citation
Summary: Those who leave the truth are like sheep outside the fold.
- μάνδρας τοῦντες is garbled; translated by sense.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.2.8 (Holl GCS 25/31:222; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-48-2-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.2.9Holl GCS 25/31:222–223
εἰ γὰρ λέγει Μαξίμιλλα ὅτι προφήτης οὐκέτι ἔσται, ἄρα ἀναιρεῖ τὸ εἶναι παρʼ αὐτοῖς τὸ χάρισμα καὶ εἰς ἔτι δεῦρο φέρεσθαι. εἰ δὲ ἔως αὐτῆς μένει τὸ χάρισμα, ὡς προεῖπον ἄρα καὶ αὐτὴ οὐ μετέσχε τῶν χαρισμάτων.
ei gar legei Maximilla hoti prophētēs ouketi estai, ara anairei to einai parʼ autois to charisma kai eis eti deuro pheresthai. ei de eōs autēs menei to charisma, hōs proeipon ara kai autē ou metesche tōn charismatōn.
For if Maximilla says that there will no longer be a prophet, then she denies that the gift is among them and continues to this day. And if the gift remained up to her, then, as I said before, she herself did not share in the gifts.
Notes and citation
Summary: Maximilla's own oracle undermines Montanist claims to continuing prophecy.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.2.9 (Holl GCS 25/31:222–223; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/44-7-1/#p-48-2-9). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.