Panarion (Medicine Chest Against Heresies), Haer. 1-64 48.3.1–48.14.6
Greek text: Holl, GCS 25/31 (Greek text: Karl Holl, ed., Epiphanius, Bände 1-2 (GCS 25, 1915, and GCS 31, 1922, Leipzig: Hinrichs), digitized by the First Thousand Years of Greek project (Open Greek and Latin), CC BY-SA 4.0. The digitized file's own metadata describes it as spanning Holl's volumes 1-3 (1915-1933), but its text in fact ends at Haer. 64 (confirmed: the last division is Haer. 64, on Origen, matching the end of GCS 31); Holl's third volume (GCS 37, 1933) is not present in this digital text.).English: Claude (claude-opus-5-5), public domain (CC0).
Haer. 48, chapter 3
48.3.1Holl GCS 25/31:223
3. Πεπλάνηται γάρ· ἐσφράγισε γὰρ ὁ κύριος τὴν ἐκκληςίαν καὶ ἐπλήρωσεν <ἐν> αὐτῇ τὰ χαρίσματα. ὅτε γὰρ ἦν χρεία προφητῶν, ἐν ἀληθινῷ πνεύματι καὶ ἐρρωμένῃ διανοίᾳ καὶ παρακολουθοῦντι νῷ οἱ αὐτοὶ ἅγιοι τὰ πάντα ἐπροφήτευον, ἐμπιπλώμενοι πνεύματος ἁγίου, κατὰ τὴν ἀναλογίαν <τῆς πίστεως> τῶν ἐκ πνεύματος χαρισμάτων ἐκάστῳ διδομένων καὶ κατὰ τὴν ἀναλογίαν τῆς πίστεως πρὸς τὸ συμφέρον.
3. Peplanētai gar; esphragise gar ho kyrios tēn ekklēsian kai eplērōsen <en> autę̄ ta charismata. hote gar ēn chreia prophētōn, en alēthinǭ pneumati kai errōmenę̄ dianoią kai parakolouthounti nǭ hoi autoi hagioi ta panta eprophēteuon, empiplōmenoi pneumatos hagiou, kata tēn analogian <tēs pisteōs> tōn ek pneumatos charismatōn ekastǭ didomenōn kai kata tēn analogian tēs pisteōs pros to sympheron.
For she has gone astray. For the Lord has sealed the church and fulfilled the gifts [in] it. For when there was need of prophets, these same saints prophesied everything in the true Spirit, with a sound mind and an understanding that followed, filled with the Holy Spirit, the gifts of the Spirit being given to each according to the proportion [of faith], and according to the proportion of faith for the common good.
Rom 12:6 (allusion, high confidence) · 1 Cor 12:7 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: True prophets prophesied with sound minds according to the measure of faith.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.3.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:223; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-3-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.3.2Holl GCS 25/31:223
τί οὖν συμφέρον οὗτοι εἰρήκασιν ἢ ποῖον ἀνάλογον τῆς πίστεως; πῶς δὲ οὐχὶ μᾶλλον οὗτοί εἰσιν περὶ ὧν εἶπεν ὁ κύριος ὅτι »προςέχετε ἀπὸ τῶν ψευδοπροφητῶν, οἵτινες ἔρχονται πρὸς ὑμᾶς ἐν ἐνδύμασι προβάτων, ἔσω δέ εἰσι λύκοι ἅρπαγες«.
ti oun sympheron houtoi eirēkasin ē poion analogon tēs pisteōs? pōs de ouchi mallon houtoi eisin peri hōn eipen ho kyrios hoti »prosechete apo tōn pseudoprophētōn, hoitines erchontai pros hymas en endymasi probatōn, esō de eisi lykoi harpages«.
What, then, have these people said for the common good, or what is in proportion to faith? How are they not rather those of whom the Lord said, “Beware of false prophets, who come to you in sheep's clothing, but inwardly are ravening wolves”?
Matt 7:15 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The Montanists are the false prophets Christ warned of.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.3.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:223; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-3-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.3.3Holl GCS 25/31:223
συγκρίνοντες γὰρ τὰ παρʼ αὐτῶν εἰρημένα καὶ <τὰ> κατὰ τὴν παλαιὰν διαθήκην καὶ καινὴν ἐν ἀληθείᾳ ὄντα καὶ ἐν ἀληθείᾳ γενόμενα καὶ πεπροφητευμένα δοκιμάσωμεν, ποία <ὄντως> προφητεία τυγχάνει, ποία δὲ ψευδοπροφητεία.
synkrinontes gar ta parʼ autōn eirēmena kai <ta> kata tēn palaian diathēkēn kai kainēn en alētheią onta kai en alētheią genomena kai peprophēteumena dokimasōmen, poia <ontōs> prophēteia tynchanei, poia de pseudoprophēteia.
Let us compare what they have said with what is truly in the old and new covenant, what truly came to pass and was prophesied, and test which is [truly] prophecy and which is false prophecy.
Notes and citation
Summary: Epiphanius proposes to compare Montanist prophecy with biblical prophecy.
Topics: Scripture and canon
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.3.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:223; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-3-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.3.4Holl GCS 25/31:223
ὁ προφήτης πάντα μετὰ καταστάσεως λογισμῶν καὶ παρακολουθήσεως ἐλάλει καὶ ἐφθέγγετο ἐκ πνεύματος ἁγίου, τὰ πάντα ἐρρωμένως λέγων ὡς Μωυσῆς ὁ θεράπων τοῦ θεοῦ καὶ πιστὸς ἐν οἴκῳ ὁ βλέπων * ἐλέγετο ὁ προφήτης ἐν τῇ παλαιᾷ διαθήκῃ.
ho prophētēs panta meta katastaseōs logismōn kai parakolouthēseōs elalei kai ephthengeto ek pneumatos hagiou, ta panta errōmenōs legōn hōs Mōysēs ho therapōn tou theou kai pistos en oikǭ ho blepōn * elegeto ho prophētēs en tę̄ palaią diathēkę̄.
The prophet spoke everything with settled reasoning and understanding, and uttered it from the Holy Spirit, saying everything with a sound mind, like Moses, God's servant and faithful in his house; … the prophet in the old covenant was called “the seer.”
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Num 12:7 (allusion, high confidence) · 1 Sam 9:9 (allusion, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Biblical prophets spoke with sound minds.
- The edition marks a gap (*). Moses is described in the words of Num 12:7; 'seer' recalls 1 Sam 9:9.
Topics: Scripture and canon
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.3.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:223; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-3-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.3.5Holl GCS 25/31:223–224
»ὅρασις, <γάρ> φησιν, ἥν εἶδεν Ἠσαΐας υἱὸς Ἀμὼς ὁ προφήτης«· »εἶδον <τὸν> κύριον, φηςί, καθεζόμενον ἐπὶ θρόνου ὑψηλοῦ καὶ ἐπηρμένου· καὶ εἶδον Σεραφὶμ καὶ Χερουβίμ, καὶ ἤκουσα κυρίου λέγοντος πρός με· βάδιζε, εἰπὸν τῷ λαῷ τούτῳ, ἀκοῇ ἀκούσητε καὶ οὐ μὴ συνῆτε, καὶ βλέποντες βλέψητε καὶ οὐ μὴ ἴδητε«. καὶ ἀκούσας παρὰ τοῦ κυρίου ἐλθὼν πρὸς τὸν λαὸν ἔφη »τάδε λέγει κύριος«.
»horasis, <gar> phēsin, hēn eiden Ēsaïas huios Amōs ho prophētēs«; »eidon <ton> kyrion, phēsi, kathezomenon epi thronou hypsēlou kai epērmenou; kai eidon Seraphim kai Cheroubim, kai ēkousa kyriou legontos pros me; badize, eipon tǭ laǭ toutǭ, akoę̄ akousēte kai ou mē synēte, kai blepontes blepsēte kai ou mē idēte«. kai akousas para tou kyriou elthōn pros ton laon ephē »tade legei kyrios«.
“The vision,” it says, “which Isaiah son of Amoz the prophet saw”; “I saw the Lord,” he says, “sitting on a throne, high and lifted up; and I saw Seraphim and Cherubim, and I heard the Lord saying to me, ‘Go, tell this people: You will hear with your ears and not understand, and seeing you will see and not perceive.’” And having heard it from the Lord, he came to the people and said, “Thus says the Lord.”
Isa 1:1 (quotation, high confidence) · Isa 6:1 (quotation, high confidence) · Isa 6:2 (allusion, high confidence) · Isa 6:9 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Isaiah saw, heard and then delivered God's message consciously.
- Isa 1:1 and 6:1, 9 are quoted freely; 'and Cherubim' is Epiphanius's addition.
Topics: Scripture and canon
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.3.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:223–224; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-3-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.3.6Holl GCS 25/31:224
οὐχ ὁρᾷς ὅτι παρακολουθοῦντος ὁ λόγος καὶ οὐκ ἐξισταμένου, οὔτε ὡς ἐξισταμένης διανοίας ἡ φθογγὴ ἀπεδίδοτο;
ouch horąs hoti parakolouthountos ho logos kai ouk existamenou, oute hōs existamenēs dianoias hē phthongē apedidoto?
Do you not see that the words are those of one who understands and is not out of his mind, and that the utterance was not given as by a mind in ecstasy?
Notes and citation
Summary: Isaiah prophesied fully aware.
Topics: Scripture and canon
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.3.6 (Holl GCS 25/31:224; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-3-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.3.7Holl GCS 25/31:224
ὡσαύτως δὲ καὶ Ἰεζεκιὴλ ὁ προφήτης ἀκούων παρὰ κυρίου ὅτι »ποίησον σεαυτῷ ἄρτον ἐπὶ κόπρου ἀνθρωπείας«, ἔλεγε »μηδαμῶς, κύριε· οὐδέποτε κοινὸν ἢ ἀκάθαρτον εἰσῆλθεν εἰς τὸ στόμα μου«.
hōsautōs de kai Iezekiēl ho prophētēs akouōn para kyriou hoti »poiēson seautǭ arton epi koprou anthrōpeias«, elege »mēdamōs, kyrie; oudepote koinon ē akatharton eisēlthen eis to stoma mou«.
Likewise Ezekiel the prophet, hearing from the Lord, “Make yourself bread on human dung,” said, “By no means, Lord; nothing common or unclean has ever entered my mouth.”
Ezek 4:12 (quotation, high confidence) · Ezek 4:14 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Ezekiel answered God with a clear mind.
- Ezek 4:12, 14 are quoted freely, in words close to Acts 10:14.
Topics: Scripture and canon
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.3.7 (Holl GCS 25/31:224; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-3-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.3.8Holl GCS 25/31:224
γινώσκων γὰρ τὴν διʼ ἀπειλὴν λεγομένην πρὸς αὐτὸν ῥῆσιν ὑπὸ κυρίου, [καὶ] οὐχ ὡς ἐν ἐκστάσει διανοίας φερόμενος ἐπεβάλλετο τοῦτο πράττειν, ἀλλὰ ἠξίου, ἐρρωμένην ἔχων τὴν διάνοιαν καὶ παρακολουθοῦσαν, καὶ ἔλεγε »μηδαμῶς, κύριε«. ταῦτα γὰρ <τῶν> ἀληθῶς προφητῶν, ἐν ἁγίῳ πνεύματι ἐρρωμένην ἐχόντων τὴν διάνοιαν, καὶ ἡ διδασκαλία καὶ ἡ διαλογή.
ginōskōn gar tēn diʼ apeilēn legomenēn pros auton rhēsin hypo kyriou, [kai] ouch hōs en ekstasei dianoias pheromenos epeballeto touto prattein, alla ēxiou, errōmenēn echōn tēn dianoian kai parakolouthousan, kai elege »mēdamōs, kyrie«. tauta gar <tōn> alēthōs prophētōn, en hagiǭ pneumati errōmenēn echontōn tēn dianoian, kai hē didaskalia kai hē dialogē.
For knowing that the saying spoken to him by the Lord was a threat, he did not set about doing it as one carried away in ecstasy of mind, but made a request, having a sound and understanding mind, and said, “By no means, Lord.” For these are the teaching and the dialogue of true prophets, who have a sound mind in the Holy Spirit.
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Ezek 4:14 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: True prophets keep a sound mind and can even reply to God.
- The editor deletes καὶ.
Topics: Scripture and canon
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.3.8 (Holl GCS 25/31:224; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-3-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.3.9Holl GCS 25/31:224
πῶς δὲ Δανιὴλ οὐχ εὑρίσκεται πάσης συνέσεως ἔμπλεως καὶ τοῖς φρονήμασι παρακολουθῶν, ὃς τὰ αἰνίγματα τῷ Ναβουχοδονόσορ ἐπέλυσε καὶ ἃ ἐκεῖνος διʼ ὀνειράτων ἐθεάσατο καὶ ἀπέστη ἀπʼ αὐτοῦ τοῦ ἐωρακότος,
pōs de Daniēl ouch heurisketai pasēs syneseōs empleōs kai tois phronēmasi parakolouthōn, hos ta ainigmata tǭ Nabouchodonosor epelyse kai ha ekeinos diʼ oneiratōn etheasato kai apestē apʼ autou tou eōrakotos,
And how is Daniel not found full of all understanding and following his thoughts, who solved Nebuchadnezzar's riddles, and what the king had seen in dreams and had escaped the one who saw it,
Dan 2:19 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Daniel interpreted dreams with full understanding.
Topics: Scripture and canon
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.3.9 (Holl GCS 25/31:224; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-3-9). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.3.10Holl GCS 25/31:224
οὗτος ὑπεμίμνῃσκε καὶ τὴν ἐπίλυσιν εὐθὺς ἐπέφερεν ἐρρωμένῃ καταστέσει καὶ ὑπερβολῇ χαρίσματος, περιττοτέρως τὴν φρόνησιν ἔχων ὑπὲρ πάντα ἄνθρωπον διὰ τὸ χάρισμα τοῦ ἁγίου πνεύματος, τὸ σοφίζον ὄντως τὸν προφήτην καὶ τοὺς διὰ τοῦ προφήτου τῆς διδασκαλίας τῆς ἀληθείας καταξιουμένους.
houtos hypemimnę̄ske kai tēn epilysin euthys epepheren errōmenę̄ katastesei kai hyperbolę̄ charismatos, perittoterōs tēn phronēsin echōn hyper panta anthrōpon dia to charisma tou hagiou pneumatos, to sophizon ontōs ton prophētēn kai tous dia tou prophētou tēs didaskalias tēs alētheias kataxioumenous.
he recalled and at once brought the interpretation with a sound composure and an abundance of the gift, having understanding beyond every man through the gift of the Holy Spirit, which truly makes the prophet wise and those counted worthy of the teaching of truth through the prophet.
Dan 2:28 (allusion, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Daniel's wisdom came from the Holy Spirit.
Topics: Scripture and canon
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.3.10 (Holl GCS 25/31:224; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-3-10). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.3.11Holl GCS 25/31:224
ἃ δὲ οὗτοι ἐπαγγέλλονται προφητεύειν, οὐδὲ εὐσταθοῦντες φανοῦνται οὔτε παρακολουθίαν λόγου ἔχοντες. λοξὰ γὰρ τὰ παρʼ αὐτῶν ῥήματα καὶ σκαληνὰ καὶ οὐδεμιᾶς ὀρθότητος ἐχόμενα.
ha de houtoi epangellontai prophēteuein, oude eustathountes phanountai oute parakolouthian logou echontes. loxa gar ta parʼ autōn rhēmata kai skalēna kai oudemias orthotētos echomena.
But what these people claim to prophesy will be seen to be neither steady nor to have a coherent sequence of words. For their words are crooked and twisted and have nothing of straightness.
Notes and citation
Summary: Montanist prophecies are incoherent.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.3.11 (Holl GCS 25/31:224; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-3-11). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 48, chapter 4
48.4.1Holl GCS 25/31:224–225
4. Εὐθὺς γὰρ ὁ Μοντανός φησιν »ἰδού, ὁ ἄνθρωπος ὡσεὶ λύρα κἀγὼ ἐφίπταμαι ὡσεὶ πλῆκτρον· ὁ ἄνθρωπος κοιμᾶται κἀγὼ γρηγορῶ. ἰδού, κύριός ἐστιν ὁ ἐξιστάνων καρδίας ἀνθρώπων καὶ διδοὺς καρδίαν ἀνθρώποις«.
4. Euthys gar ho Montanos phēsin »idou, ho anthrōpos hōsei lyra kagō ephiptamai hōsei plēktron; ho anthrōpos koimatai kagō grēgorō. idou, kyrios estin ho existanōn kardias anthrōpōn kai didous kardian anthrōpois«.
For right away Montanus says, “Behold, man is like a lyre, and I fly over him like a plectrum; man sleeps and I keep watch. Behold, it is the Lord who puts the hearts of men out of themselves and gives men a heart.”
Notes and citation
Summary: Montanus's oracle compares the prophet to a lyre played by the Spirit.
- An oracle of Montanus, quoted by Epiphanius; the Montanist oracles are not in the site's list of texts.
Extrabiblical texts: Mont. Or. (Montanist oracles; quotation)
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.4.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:224–225; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-4-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.4.2Holl GCS 25/31:225
τίς τοίνυν τῶν παρακολουθούντων καὶ μετὰ συνέσεως δεχομένων τὸν τῆς ὠφελείας λόγον καὶ τῆς ἑαυτῶν ζωῆς ἐπιμελομένων οὐ καταγνώσεται τῆς τοιαύτης παραπεποιημένης ὑποθέσεως καὶ τοῦ λόγου τοῦ αὐχοῦντος ἑαυτὸν ἐν προφήταις καταλέγεσθαι, μὴ δυναμένου τὰ ὅμοια λέγειν προφήταις;
tis toinyn tōn parakolouthountōn kai meta syneseōs dechomenōn ton tēs ōpheleias logon kai tēs heautōn zōēs epimelomenōn ou katagnōsetai tēs toiautēs parapepoiēmenēs hypotheseōs kai tou logou tou auchountos heauton en prophētais katalegesthai, mē dynamenou ta homoia legein prophētais?
Who, then, of those who follow with their minds, who receive with understanding the word that benefits, and care for their own life, will not condemn such a falsified position, and the word of one who boasts of being counted among the prophets but cannot say things like the prophets?
Notes and citation
Summary: Montanus's words are unlike those of true prophets.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.4.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:225; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-4-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.4.3Holl GCS 25/31:225
οὔτε γὰρ πνεῦμα ἅγιον ἐλάλησεν ἐν αὐτῷ. τὸ γὰρ εἰπεῖν »ἐφίπταμαι καὶ πλήσσω καὶ γρηγορῶ καὶ ἐξιστᾷ κύριος καρδίας«, ἐκστατικοῦ ῥήματα ὑπάρχει ταῦτα καὶ οὐχὶ παρακολουθοῦντος, ἀλλὰ ἄλλον χαρακτῆρα ὑποδεικνύντος παρὰ τὸν χαρακτῆρα τοῦ ἁγίου πνεύματος τοῦ ἐν προφήταις λελαληκότος.
oute gar pneuma hagion elalēsen en autǭ. to gar eipein »ephiptamai kai plēssō kai grēgorō kai existą kyrios kardias«, ekstatikou rhēmata hyparchei tauta kai ouchi parakolouthountos, alla allon charaktēra hypodeiknyntos para ton charaktēra tou hagiou pneumatos tou en prophētais lelalēkotos.
For the Holy Spirit did not speak in him. For to say “I fly over and strike and keep watch, and the Lord puts hearts out of themselves” — these are the words of a man in ecstasy and not of one who understands, showing another character than that of the Holy Spirit who spoke in the prophets.
Notes and citation
Summary: Montanus's oracle reveals ecstasy, not the Holy Spirit.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.4.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:225; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-4-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.4.4Holl GCS 25/31:225–226
Εἰ δὲ θελήσουσι παραπλέκειν τῇ ἀληθείᾳ τὸ ψεῦδος καὶ ἀνοητεῖν τὸν νοῦν τῶν τῆς ἀκριβείας ἐπιμελομένων, ἑαυτοῖς τε ἐπισωρεύουσι λόγους, διʼ ὧν παραποιητεύονται τὴν ἑαυτῶν πλάνην, ὅμοιά τινα εἶναι λέγοντες, ἵνα δὴ παραστήσωσιν * ἀπὸ τοῦ τὴν ἁγίαν γραφὴν εἰρηκέναι »ἐπέβαλεν ὁ θεὸς ἔκστασιν ἐπὶ τὸν Ἀδὰμ καὶ ὕπνωσε«, ἀλλὰ οὐκέτι ὅμοιον τοῦτο εἴη ἐκείνῳ.
Ei de thelēsousi paraplekein tę̄ alētheią to pseudos kai anoētein ton noun tōn tēs akribeias epimelomenōn, heautois te episōreuousi logous, diʼ hōn parapoiēteuontai tēn heautōn planēn, homoia tina einai legontes, hina dē parastēsōsin * apo tou tēn hagian graphēn eirēkenai »epebalen ho theos ekstasin epi ton Adam kai hypnōse«, alla ouketi homoion touto eiē ekeinǭ.
And if they wish to weave falsehood into the truth and make foolish the minds of those who care for accuracy, they heap up words for themselves by which they dress up their error, saying that there are similar things, in order to establish … from holy Scripture's saying, “God cast an ecstasy upon Adam and he slept”; but this would not be like that.
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Gen 2:21 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Montanists cite Adam's 'ecstasy' in Gen 2:21 in their defence.
- The edition marks a gap (*). The Septuagint of Gen 2:21 uses ἔκστασις for Adam's deep sleep.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.4.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:225–226; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-4-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.4.5Holl GCS 25/31:226
οὐ γὰρ καὶ ἐνταῦθα σῶμα ἔμελλε πλάσσειν ὁ θεός, ἀφʼ οὗ εἰς ἔκστασιν ἔφερεν, ἵνα τὰ ὅμοια ἐπενέγκῃ διʼ ὑπερβολὴν τῆς φιλανθρωπίας.
ou gar kai entautha sōma emelle plassein ho theos, aphʼ hou eis ekstasin epheren, hina ta homoia epenenkę̄ diʼ hyperbolēn tēs philanthrōpias.
For here God was not going to form a body from the one he brought into ecstasy, so as to bring about the like out of the abundance of his love for mankind.
Notes and citation
Summary: The case of Adam is not comparable.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.4.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:226; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-4-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.4.6Holl GCS 25/31:226
τῷ γὰρ Ἀδὰμ ἐπήνεγκε τὴν ἔκστασιν τοῦ ὕπνου, οὐκ ἔκστασιν φρενῶν. ἔκστασις δὲ κατὰ διαφορὰς πολλὰς ἔχει τὸν τρόπον. ἔκστασις διʼ ὑπερβολὴν θαύματος λέγεται καὶ ἔκστασις λέγεται ἡ μανία διὰ τὸ ἐκστῆναι τοῦ προκειμένου.
tǭ gar Adam epēnenke tēn ekstasin tou hypnou, ouk ekstasin phrenōn. ekstasis de kata diaphoras pollas echei ton tropon. ekstasis diʼ hyperbolēn thaumatos legetai kai ekstasis legetai hē mania dia to ekstēnai tou prokeimenou.
For on Adam he brought the ecstasy of sleep, not an ecstasy of the mind. And ecstasy has its sense in many different ways. Ecstasy is said of an excess of wonder, and madness is called ecstasy because it stands outside what is proper.
Notes and citation
Summary: Adam's ecstasy was sleep; the word has several senses.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.4.6 (Holl GCS 25/31:226; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-4-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.4.7Holl GCS 25/31:226
ἐκείνη δὲ ἡ τοῦ ὕπνου ἔκστασις κατʼ ἄλλον τρόπον ἐρρέθη, κατὰ τὴν φυσικὴν ἐνέργειαν, μάλιστα διὰ τὸ βαθυτάτως αὐτὴν ἐπενηνέχθαι τῷ ἁγίῳ Ἀδὰμ καὶ ἐν χειρὶ θεοῦ πεπλασμένῳ.
ekeinē de hē tou hypnou ekstasis katʼ allon tropon errethē, kata tēn physikēn energeian, malista dia to bathytatōs autēn epenēnechthai tǭ hagiǭ Adam kai en cheiri theou peplasmenǭ.
But that ecstasy of sleep was spoken of in another sense, according to its natural working, especially because it was brought very deeply upon holy Adam, formed by God's hand.
Notes and citation
Summary: Adam's ecstasy was natural deep sleep.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.4.7 (Holl GCS 25/31:226; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-4-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 48, chapter 5
48.5.1Holl GCS 25/31:226
5. Καὶ γὰρ ἀληθῶς ἔστιν ἰδεῖν ὡς δικαίως ἔκστασιν ταύτην ἡ θεία γραφὴ κέκληκεν. ἐν τῷ γὰρ ὑπνοῦν τὸν ἄνθρωπον μεθίστανται πᾶσαι αἱ αἰσθήσεις, εἰς ἀνάπαυσιν τραπεῖσαι, ὡς οἷον εἰπεῖν παροῦσα ἡ διορατικὴ οὐχ ὁρᾷ· ἀποκέκλεισται γὰρ τὸ ὄμμα καὶ ἡσυχάζει τὸ κινοῦν ἐν τῷ ἀνθρώπῳ πνεῦμα εἴτʼ οὖν <ἡ> ψυχή.
5. Kai gar alēthōs estin idein hōs dikaiōs ekstasin tautēn hē theia graphē keklēken. en tǭ gar hypnoun ton anthrōpon methistantai pasai hai aisthēseis, eis anapausin trapeisai, hōs hoion eipein parousa hē dioratikē ouch horą; apokekleistai gar to omma kai hēsychazei to kinoun en tǭ anthrōpǭ pneuma eitʼ oun <hē> psychē.
And one can truly see how rightly the divine Scripture has called this an ecstasy. For when a man sleeps, all his senses are withdrawn, turned to rest; so that, as it were, the faculty of sight, though present, does not see; for the eye is closed, and the spirit, or soul, that moves in man is at rest.
Notes and citation
Summary: In sleep the senses 'stand outside' their activity.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.5.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:226; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-5-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.5.2Holl GCS 25/31:226
δυσοδμίας οὔσης ἐν οὔκῳ ἢ καὶ εὐοδμίας, καίτοι γε παρούσης τῆς ὀσφραντικῆς αἰσθήσεως, οὐκ ἀντιλαμβάνεται· ἐξέστη γὰρ ἡ τοιαύτη αἴσθησις εἰς ἀνάπαυσιν τραπεῖσα.
dysodmias ousēs en oukǭ ē kai euodmias, kaitoi ge parousēs tēs osphrantikēs aisthēseōs, ouk antilambanetai; exestē gar hē toiautē aisthēsis eis anapausin trapeisa.
If there is a bad smell in the house, or a pleasant one, though the sense of smell is present, it does not perceive it; for this sense has gone out of itself, turned to rest.
Notes and citation
Summary: Smell too is suspended in sleep.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.5.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:226; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-5-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.5.3Holl GCS 25/31:226
πικρῶν ὄντων χυμῶν ἐν τῷ στόματι ἢ ἁλμυρῶν ἢ γλυκέων τὸ γευστικὸν οὐκ αἰσθάνεται, ἐπειδὴ γὰρ ἐν ἐκστάσει τῆς ἀναπαύσεως κεῖται μὴ ἐνεργοῦν, ὅπερ ἐν τῷ ὕπαρ ὄντι ἐνήργει.
pikrōn ontōn chymōn en tǭ stomati ē halmyrōn ē glykeōn to geustikon ouk aisthanetai, epeidē gar en ekstasei tēs anapauseōs keitai mē energoun, hoper en tǭ hypar onti enērgei.
If there are bitter or salty or sweet juices in the mouth, the sense of taste does not perceive them, since it lies in the ecstasy of rest, not doing what it did when awake.
Notes and citation
Summary: Taste is suspended in sleep.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.5.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:226; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-5-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.5.4Holl GCS 25/31:226
ἀκοὴ πάρεστιν, ἀλλὰ ἀργεῖ τὸ ἀκουστικὸν κατὰ τὴν αἴσθησιν. καὶ πολλάκις τινῶν λαλούντων ἐν οἴκῳ, εἰ μή τι διυπνισθῇ ὁ ἄνθρωπος, οὐκ ἐπακούει τῶν παρά τινων ῥηθέντων διὰ τὸ ἀποστῆναι τὴν ἐνέργειαν πρὸς τὴν ὥραν.
akoē parestin, alla argei to akoustikon kata tēn aisthēsin. kai pollakis tinōn lalountōn en oikǭ, ei mē ti diypnisthę̄ ho anthrōpos, ouk epakouei tōn para tinōn rhēthentōn dia to apostēnai tēn energeian pros tēn hōran.
Hearing is present, but the faculty of hearing is idle as to perception. And often, when people are talking in the house, unless the man is woken, he does not hear what they say, because the activity has withdrawn for the time.
Notes and citation
Summary: Hearing is suspended in sleep.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.5.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:226; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-5-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.5.5Holl GCS 25/31:226–227
τινῶν κνωδάλων διερχομένων διὰ τοῦ ἡμετέρου σώματος οὐκ αἰσθανόμεθα τῆς αὐτῶν περὶ τὸ σῶμα ἡμῶν ἁφῆς, εἰ μή τι βαρέως ἡμῖν ἐπιθῶνται τὰ κνώδαλα, ὡς τοῦ παντὸς ὀργάνου διὰ τὴν ἀνάπαυσιν τοῦ ὕπνου ἐκστάντος ἀπὸ τῆς ἐνεργίας.
tinōn knōdalōn dierchomenōn dia tou hēmeterou sōmatos ouk aisthanometha tēs autōn peri to sōma hēmōn haphēs, ei mē ti bareōs hēmin epithōntai ta knōdala, hōs tou pantos organou dia tēn anapausin tou hypnou ekstantos apo tēs energias.
When certain insects crawl over our body, we do not feel their touch on our body, unless the insects press heavily on us, since the whole instrument has gone out of its activity because of the rest of sleep.
Notes and citation
Summary: Touch is suspended in sleep.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.5.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:226–227; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-5-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.5.6Holl GCS 25/31:227
τὸ μὲν γὰρ ὄργανον, φύσεως ὂν γηίνης καὶ περὶ τὴν ψυχὴν ἔχον, διὰ τὸ οὕτως ἐκ θεοῦ [τὸ] χρήσιμον ἡμῖν γεγενῆσθαι ἀποδίδοται αὐτῷ καιρὸς μεθιστῶν αὐτὸ ἀπὸ τῆς ἐναργεστάτης αἰσθήσεως εἰς κατάστασιν ἀναπαύσεως· αὐτὴ δὲ ἡ ψυχὴ οὐκ ἐξέστη τοῦ ἡγεμονικοῦ οὐδὲ τοῦ φρονήματος.
to men gar organon, physeōs on gēinēs kai peri tēn psychēn echon, dia to houtōs ek theou [to] chrēsimon hēmin gegenēsthai apodidotai autǭ kairos methistōn auto apo tēs enargestatēs aisthēseōs eis katastasin anapauseōs; autē de hē psychē ouk exestē tou hēgemonikou oude tou phronēmatos.
For the instrument, being of earthly nature and attached to the soul, since it was made thus useful to us by God, is given a time that moves it from the clearest perception to a state of rest; but the soul itself does not go out of its governing faculty or its understanding.
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Notes and citation
Summary: In sleep the body rests but the soul keeps its reason.
- The editor deletes τὸ.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.5.6 (Holl GCS 25/31:227; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-5-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.5.7Holl GCS 25/31:227
πολλάκις γὰρ φαντάζεται καὶ ὁρᾷ ἑαυτὴν ὡς ἐν ἐγρηγόρσει καὶ περιπατεῖ καὶ ἐργάζεται καὶ ποντοπορεῖ καὶ δημηγορεῖ, καὶ ἐν πλείοσι καὶ ἐν μείζοσι τούτων διʼ ὀνειράτων ἑαυτὴν θεωμένη·
pollakis gar phantazetai kai horą heautēn hōs en egrēgorsei kai peripatei kai ergazetai kai pontoporei kai dēmēgorei, kai en pleiosi kai en meizosi toutōn diʼ oneiratōn heautēn theōmenē;
For it often imagines and sees itself as though awake, and walks and works and sails and makes speeches, seeing itself in many and greater things than these in dreams;
Notes and citation
Summary: The soul remains active in dreams.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.5.7 (Holl GCS 25/31:227; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-5-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.5.8Holl GCS 25/31:227
οὐ μὴν κατὰ τὸν ἀφραίνοντα καὶ ἐν ἐκστάσει γινόμενον ἐκστατικὸν ἄνθρωπον, τὸν τῷ σώματι καὶ τῇ ψυχῇ ἐγρηγορότα τὰ δεινὰ μεταχειριζόμενον καὶ πολλάκις ἑαυτῷ δεινῶς χρώμενον καὶ τοῖς πέλας· ἀγνοεῖ γὰρ ἃ φθέγγεται καὶ πράττει, ἐπειδήπερ ἐν ἐκστάσει γέγονεν ἀφροςύνης ὁ τοιοῦτος.
ou mēn kata ton aphrainonta kai en ekstasei ginomenon ekstatikon anthrōpon, ton tǭ sōmati kai tę̄ psychę̄ egrēgorota ta deina metacheirizomenon kai pollakis heautǭ deinōs chrōmenon kai tois pelas; agnoei gar ha phthengetai kai prattei, epeidēper en ekstasei gegonen aphrosynēs ho toioutos.
not, however, like the man who is out of his wits and in ecstasy, who, awake in body and soul, does terrible things and often treats himself and his neighbours terribly; for he does not know what he says and does, since such a man is in an ecstasy of folly.
Notes and citation
Summary: Sleep differs from the madness of the ecstatic.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.5.8 (Holl GCS 25/31:227; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-5-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 48, chapter 6
48.6.1Holl GCS 25/31:227
6. Ταῦτα δὲ πάντα διὰ τό »ἐπέβαλε κύριος ἔκστασιν ἐπὶ τὸν Ἀδὰμ καὶ ὕπνωσεν« ἀνάγκην ἐσχήκαμεν, ὦ ἐπιπόθητοι, συναγαγεῖν <περὶ> τὰς διαφορὰς τῶν τρόπων τῆς ἐκστάσεως.
6. Tauta de panta dia to »epebale kyrios ekstasin epi ton Adam kai hypnōsen« anankēn eschēkamen, ō epipothētoi, synagagein <peri> tas diaphoras tōn tropōn tēs ekstaseōs.
Because of “The Lord cast an ecstasy upon Adam and he slept,” we have had to gather all this, beloved, about the different kinds of ecstasy.
Gen 2:21 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Epiphanius explains why he has discussed kinds of ecstasy.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.6.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:227; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-6-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.6.2Holl GCS 25/31:227
καὶ ἐφράσαμεν διʼ ἣν αἰτίαν ἐκεῖ παρὰ κυρίου ἔκστασις εἴρηται ἡ τοῦ ὕπνου μετοχή, ὅτι διὰ τὴν τοῦ θεοῦ φειδὼ καὶ φιλανθρωπίαν, ἣν πᾶσι μὲν ἀνθρώποις ὁ αὐτὸς δεδώρηται εἰς τὸ μεταφέρεσθαι τὸν ἄνθρωπον ἀπὸ μερίμνης εἰς ἀνάπαυσιν ὕπνου καὶ τῶν ἐν τῷ βίῳ χρειωδῶν πραγμάτων·
kai ephrasamen diʼ hēn aitian ekei para kyriou ekstasis eirētai hē tou hypnou metochē, hoti dia tēn tou theou pheidō kai philanthrōpian, hēn pasi men anthrōpois ho autos dedōrētai eis to metapheresthai ton anthrōpon apo merimnēs eis anapausin hypnou kai tōn en tǭ biǭ chreiōdōn pragmatōn;
And we have explained for what reason the sharing in sleep is there called ecstasy by the Lord: because of God's tenderness and love for mankind, which he has given to all men, so that man may be carried from anxiety and from the needful business of life into the rest of sleep;
Notes and citation
Summary: Sleep is God's merciful gift of rest.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.6.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:227; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-6-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.6.3Holl GCS 25/31:227
ἐκεῖ δὲ περιττοτέρως ἐκείνην ἐκστασιν κέκληκε διὰ τὸ ποιῆσαι αὐτὸν πρὸς τὴν ὥραν μὴ αἰσθάνεσθαι πόνου, διʼ ἣν ἔμελλε λαμβάνειν πλευρὰν ἀπʼ αὐτοῦ καὶ πλάσσειν αὐτῷ αὐτὴν εἰς γυναῖκα.
ekei de perittoterōs ekeinēn ekstasin keklēke dia to poiēsai auton pros tēn hōran mē aisthanesthai ponou, diʼ hēn emelle lambanein pleuran apʼ autou kai plassein autǭ autēn eis gynaika.
but there he called it ecstasy more especially because he made him feel no pain for the time, since he was going to take a rib from him and form it into a woman for him.
Gen 2:22 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: God put Adam into deep sleep so he would feel no pain.
Topics: Marriage
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.6.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:227; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-6-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.6.4Holl GCS 25/31:227
ἀλλὰ οὐκ ἦν ἐν ἐκστάσει φρενῶν καὶ διανοημάτων. εὐθὺς γὰρ ἀναστὰς ἐπέγων καὶ εἶπε »τοῦτο νῦν ὀστοῦν ἐκ τῶν ὀστῶν μου καὶ σὰρξ ἐκ τῆς σαρκός μου· αὕτη κληθήσεται γυνή, ὅτι ἐκ τοῦ ἀνδρὸς αὐτῆς ἐλήφθη αὐτή«.
alla ouk ēn en ekstasei phrenōn kai dianoēmatōn. euthys gar anastas epegōn kai eipe »touto nyn ostoun ek tōn ostōn mou kai sarx ek tēs sarkos mou; hautē klēthēsetai gynē, hoti ek tou andros autēs elēphthē autē«.
But he was not in an ecstasy of mind and thought. For as soon as he rose, he recognized her and said, “This now is bone of my bones and flesh of my flesh; she shall be called woman, because she was taken out of her husband.”
Gen 2:23 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Adam awoke with full understanding and recognized Eve.
- ἐπέγων is read as ἐπέγνω ('recognized'). Gen 2:23 is quoted in its Septuagint form.
Topics: Marriage
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.6.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:227; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-6-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.6.5Holl GCS 25/31:227–228
καὶ ἐπίσταται γάρ, ὡς ὁρᾷς, καὶ τὰ πρῶτα καὶ τὰ παρόντα καὶ προφητεύει περὶ τῶν μελλόντων. ἰδοὺ γὰρ ἐπέγνω τὰ πρῶτα ὅτε ἦν ἐν ὕπνῳ, λέγων ὅτι »ὀστοῦν ἐκ τῶν ὀστῶν μου«· καὶ ἐπέγνω τὰ παρόντα, μετὰ τὸ πλασθῆναι τὴν γυναῖκα ἐπιγνοὺς αὐτὴν ἀπὸ τοῦ σώματος <αὐτοῦ> ἠρμένην·
kai epistatai gar, hōs horąs, kai ta prōta kai ta paronta kai prophēteuei peri tōn mellontōn. idou gar epegnō ta prōta hote ēn en hypnǭ, legōn hoti »ostoun ek tōn ostōn mou«; kai epegnō ta paronta, meta to plasthēnai tēn gynaika epignous autēn apo tou sōmatos <autou> ērmenēn;
For he knows, as you see, both the things that were first and the things that are present, and he prophesies about the things to come. See, he recognized the first things, which happened while he was asleep, saying, “Bone of my bones”; and he recognized the present things, recognizing, after the woman had been formed, that she had been taken from his body;
Gen 2:23 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Adam knew past and present and foretold the future, so he was not out of his mind.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.6.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:227–228; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-6-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.6.6Holl GCS 25/31:228
καὶ ἐπροφήτευσε περὶ τῶν ἐσομένων, ὅτι »ἕνεκεν τούτου καταλείψει ἄνθρωπος τὸν πατέρα αὐτοῦ καὶ τὴν μητέρα αὐτοῦ καὶ προσκολληθήσεται τῇ γυναικὶ αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἔσονται οἱ δύο εἰς σάρκα μίαν«. ταῦτα δὲ οὐκ ἐκστατικοῦ ἀνδρὸς οὐδὲ ἀπαρακολουθήτου, ἀλλὰ ἐρρωμένην ἔχοντος τὴν διάνοιαν.
kai eprophēteuse peri tōn esomenōn, hoti »heneken toutou kataleipsei anthrōpos ton patera autou kai tēn mētera autou kai proskollēthēsetai tę̄ gynaiki autou, kai esontai hoi dyo eis sarka mian«. tauta de ouk ekstatikou andros oude aparakolouthētou, alla errōmenēn echontos tēn dianoian.
and he prophesied about what would be: “For this reason a man shall leave his father and his mother and shall cleave to his wife, and the two shall become one flesh.” These are not the words of a man in ecstasy, or of one who does not follow what he is saying, but of one whose mind is sound.
Gen 2:24 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Adam's prophecy about marriage came from a sound mind, not from ecstasy.
Topics: Marriage
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.6.6 (Holl GCS 25/31:228; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-6-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 48, chapter 7
48.7.1Holl GCS 25/31:228
7. Εἰ δὲ καὶ περὶ τοῦ »ἐγὼ εἶπον ἐν τῇ ἐκστάσει μου, πᾶς ἄνθρωπος ψεύστης« λεκτέον, ἑτέρα πάλιν αὐτοῦ ἡ δύναμις, οὐχ ὃν τρόπον * τινὸς ἀφραίνοντος ἀνθρώπου καὶ ἐκστατικοῦ (μὴ γένοιτο),
7. Ei de kai peri tou »egō eipon en tę̄ ekstasei mou, pas anthrōpos pseustēs« lekteon, hetera palin autou hē dynamis, ouch hon tropon * tinos aphrainontos anthrōpou kai ekstatikou (mē genoito),
7. And if something must also be said about “I said in my ecstasy, ‘Every man is a liar,’” its force again is different: it is not in the manner of some senseless man in ecstasy (God forbid) …
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Ps 116:11 (115:2 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The Psalmist's 'ecstasy' does not mean madness.
- Holl marks a gap (*) in the text. Ps 116:11 is quoted in its Septuagint form (“in my ecstasy”).
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.7.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:228; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-7-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.7.2Holl GCS 25/31:228
ἀλλὰ ὑπερθαυμάζοντος καὶ διανοουμένου ὑπὲρ τὸν κατὰ τὴν συνήθειαν λογισμὸν <περὶ> τῶν <ἀ>συμμέτρως ὁρωμένων τε καὶ πραττομένων· ἐπειδὴ γὰρ ἐθαύμασεν ὁ προφήτης καὶ διὰ θαυμασμὸν ἐνταῦθα λέγει. γεγόνασι δὲ ἐν ἐκστάσει οἱ προφῆται, οὐκ ἐν ἐκστάσει λογισμῶν.
alla hyperthaumazontos kai dianooumenou hyper ton kata tēn synētheian logismon <peri> tōn <a>symmetrōs horōmenōn te kai prattomenōn; epeidē gar ethaumasen ho prophētēs kai dia thaumasmon entautha legei. gegonasi de en ekstasei hoi prophētai, ouk en ekstasei logismōn.
but of one who marveled exceedingly and reflected, beyond ordinary reasoning, on things seen and done beyond all measure. For since the prophet marveled, he speaks here out of wonder too. The prophets were in ecstasy, but not in an ecstasy of their reasoning.
Notes and citation
Summary: The prophets' ecstasy was wonder, not loss of reason.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.7.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:228; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-7-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.7.3Holl GCS 25/31:228
γέγονε γὰρ καὶ Πέτρος ἐν ἐκστάσει, οὐχὶ μὴ παρακολουθῶν τῷ λόγῳ, ἀλλὰ ὁρῶν ἀντὶ τῆς καθημερινῆς ἀκολουθίας ἕτερα παρὰ τὰ τοῖς ἀνθρώποις ὁρώμενα·
gegone gar kai Petros en ekstasei, ouchi mē parakolouthōn tǭ logǭ, alla horōn anti tēs kathēmerinēs akolouthias hetera para ta tois anthrōpois horōmena;
For Peter too was in ecstasy, not failing to follow what was said, but seeing, instead of the everyday course of things, other things beyond what men see:
Acts 10:10 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Peter's ecstasy was a vision, not madness.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.7.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:228; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-7-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.7.4Holl GCS 25/31:228
»εἶδε γὰρ ὀθόνην καθιεμένην τέσσαρσιν ἀρχαῖς δεδεμένην, καὶ πάντα τὰ τετράποδα καὶ ἑρπετὰ καὶ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ τὰ πετεινὰ ἐν αὐτῇ«.
»eide gar othonēn kathiemenēn tessarsin archais dedemenēn, kai panta ta tetrapoda kai herpeta kai tou ouranou ta peteina en autę̄«.
“for he saw a sheet let down, bound by four corners, and in it all the four-footed creatures and reptiles and the birds of heaven.”
Acts 10:11 (quotation, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Peter saw the sheet let down from heaven.
- Acts 10:11–12, quoted freely.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.7.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:228; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-7-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.7.5Holl GCS 25/31:228
ὅρα δὲ ὅτι παρηκολούθει καὶ οὐκ ἦν ἐν ἐκστάσει φρενῶν ὁ ἅγιος Πέτρος. ὅτε γὰρ ἤκουσεν <τό> »ἀναστὰς θῦσον καὶ φάγε«, οὐχ ὡς μὴ τὸν νοῦν ἐρρωμένος ἐπείσθη, ἀλλά φησι πρὸς τὸν κύριον »μηδαμῶς, κύριε· οὐδέποτε γὰρ κοινὸν ἢ ἀκάθαρτον εἰσῆλθεν εἰς τὸ στόμα μου«.
hora de hoti parēkolouthei kai ouk ēn en ekstasei phrenōn ho hagios Petros. hote gar ēkousen <to> »anastas thyson kai phage«, ouch hōs mē ton noun errōmenos epeisthē, alla phēsi pros ton kyrion »mēdamōs, kyrie; oudepote gar koinon ē akatharton eisēlthen eis to stoma mou«.
See that holy Peter was following and was not in an ecstasy of mind. For when he heard, “Rise, sacrifice and eat,” he did not comply like one whose mind was not sound, but says to the Lord, “By no means, Lord; for nothing common or unclean has ever entered my mouth.”
Acts 10:13 (quotation, high confidence) · Acts 10:14 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Peter's reasoned objection shows he kept his mind.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.7.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:228; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-7-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.7.6Holl GCS 25/31:228–229
καὶ Δαυὶδ δὲ ὁ ἅγιος εἶπεν ὅτι » <εἶπον ἐγώ·> πᾶς ἄνθρωπος ψεύστης«. ὁ δὲ λέγων »εἶπον ἐγώ« ἰδίᾳ ἔλεγεν, καὶ περὶ τῶν ἀνθρώπων ὅτι, ἔλεγε, ψεύδονται·
kai Dauid de ho hagios eipen hoti » <eipon egō;> pas anthrōpos pseustēs«. ho de legōn »eipon egō« idią elegen, kai peri tōn anthrōpōn hoti, elege, pseudontai;
And holy David said, “I said, ‘Every man is a liar.’” But he who says “I said” was speaking in his own person, and he was saying of men that they lie;
Ps 116:11 (115:2 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: David spoke in his own person about human falsehood.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.7.6 (Holl GCS 25/31:228–229; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-7-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.7.7Holl GCS 25/31:229
ἄρα αὐτὸς οὐκ ἐψεύδετο, ἐκπληττόμενος δὲ καὶ θαυμάζων τὴν τοῦ θεοῦ φιλανθρωπίαν καὶ τὰ αὐτῷ παρὰ τοῦ κυρίου κεκηρυγμένα ἐθαύμαζε καθʼ ὑπερβολὴν καὶ ὁρῶν πάντα ἄνθρωπον ἐνδεόμενον τοῦ ἐλέους τοῦ θεοῦ μένῳ κυρίῳ τὸ ἀληθεύειν ἐπέδωκε, πάντα δὲ ἄνθρωπον ὑπὸ ἐπιτίμιον ἔγνω, ἵνα δείξῃ τὸ ἀληθινὸν πνεῦμα, τὸἐν προφήταις λαλῆσαν καὶ τὰ βάθη αὐτοῖς ἀποκαλύψαν τῆς τοῦ θεοῦ γνώσεως ἀκριβεέας.
ara autos ouk epseudeto, ekplēttomenos de kai thaumazōn tēn tou theou philanthrōpian kai ta autǭ para tou kyriou kekērygmena ethaumaze kathʼ hyperbolēn kai horōn panta anthrōpon endeomenon tou eleous tou theou menǭ kyriǭ to alētheuein epedōke, panta de anthrōpon hypo epitimion egnō, hina deixę̄ to alēthinon pneuma, toen prophētais lalēsan kai ta bathē autois apokalypsan tēs tou theou gnōseōs akribeeas.
so he himself was not lying. Rather, amazed and marveling at God's love for mankind and at the things proclaimed to him by the Lord, he marveled beyond measure; and seeing every man in need of God's mercy, he assigned truthfulness to the Lord alone and recognized every man as liable to censure, in order to show the true Spirit, who spoke in the prophets and revealed to them the depths of the exact knowledge of God.
1 Cor 2:10 (echo, low confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: David's saying expresses wonder at God's mercy and ascribes truth to God alone.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.7.7 (Holl GCS 25/31:229; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-7-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.7.8Holl GCS 25/31:229
ἐγένετο δὲ καὶ Ἀβραὰμ ἐν ἐκστάσει, οὐκ ἐν ἐκστάσει φρενῶν ἀλλὰ ἐν ἐκστάσει φόβου. ἔβλεπεν γὰρ κλίβανον καὶ λαμπάδας περὶ τὴν τοῦ ἡλίου δύσιν * καὶ ἄλλοι προφῆται ὁρῶντες τὰ ὁράματα ἐν διανοίᾳ ἐρρωμένῃ ἔλεγον, ὡς ὁ Μωυςῆς φησιν »ἔμφοβός εἰμι καὶ ἔντρομος«.
egeneto de kai Abraam en ekstasei, ouk en ekstasei phrenōn alla en ekstasei phobou. eblepen gar klibanon kai lampadas peri tēn tou hēliou dysin * kai alloi prophētai horōntes ta horamata en dianoią errōmenę̄ elegon, hōs ho Mōysēs phēsin »emphobos eimi kai entromos«.
Abraham too was in ecstasy—not an ecstasy of mind, but an ecstasy of fear. For he saw an oven and torches about the setting of the sun … and other prophets, seeing the visions, spoke with a sound mind, as Moses says, “I am terrified and trembling.”
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Gen 15:12 (allusion, high confidence) · Gen 15:17 (allusion, high confidence) · Heb 12:21 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Abraham's and Moses' visions came with fear, not madness.
- Holl marks a gap (*) after “sun”. The words ascribed to Moses are quoted from Heb 12:21.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.7.8 (Holl GCS 25/31:229; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-7-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.7.9Holl GCS 25/31:229
ἔγνω δὲ Ἀβραὰμ τὰ ὑπὸ τοῦ κυρίου λεγόμενα· »γινώσκων, γάρ <φησι>, γνώσῃ ὅτι πάροικον ἔσται τὸ σπέρμα σου ἐν γῇ ἀλλοτρίᾳ ἔτη τετρακόσια«.
egnō de Abraam ta hypo tou kyriou legomena; »ginōskōn, gar <phēsi>, gnōsę̄ hoti paroikon estai to sperma sou en gę̄ allotrią etē tetrakosia«.
And Abraham understood what was being said by the Lord: “Knowing,” he says, “you shall know that your seed will be sojourners in a foreign land for four hundred years.”
Gen 15:13 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Abraham understood God's prophecy of Israel's sojourn.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR letter slip (υ for γ).): υινώσκων → γινώσκων.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.7.9 (Holl GCS 25/31:229; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-7-9). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.7.10Holl GCS 25/31:229
καὶ ὁρᾷς ὡς ἔστιν ἰδεῖν τὰ πάντα ἐν ἀληθείᾳ παρὰ τοῖς προφήταις εἰρημένα καὶ ἐν ἐρρωμένῃ διανοίᾳ καὶ σώφρονι λογισμῷ, καὶ οὐκ ἐν παραπληξίᾳ.
kai horąs hōs estin idein ta panta en alētheią para tois prophētais eirēmena kai en errōmenę̄ dianoią kai sōphroni logismǭ, kai ouk en paraplēxią.
And you see that one can see that everything spoken by the prophets was spoken in truth, with a sound mind and sober reasoning, and not in derangement.
Notes and citation
Summary: The prophets spoke with sound minds.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.7.10 (Holl GCS 25/31:229; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-7-10). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 48, chapter 8
48.8.1Holl GCS 25/31:229
8. Εἰ δὲ καὶ πάλιν θελήσουσι λέγειν <ὅτι> »οὐχ ὅμοια τὰ πρῶτα χαρίσματα τοῖς ἐσχάτοις«, πόθεν τοῦτο ἔχουσι δεῖξαι; ὁμοίως γὰρ ἀλλήλοις οἱ ἅγιοι προφῆται καὶ οἱ ἅγιοι ἀπόστολοι προεφήτευσαν.
8. Ei de kai palin thelēsousi legein <hoti> »ouch homoia ta prōta charismata tois eschatois«, pothen touto echousi deixai? homoiōs gar allēlois hoi hagioi prophētai kai hoi hagioi apostoloi proephēteusan.
8. And if again they want to say that “the first gifts are not like the last,” where can they show this from? For the holy prophets and the holy apostles prophesied alike.
Notes and citation
Summary: Epiphanius denies that later prophetic gifts differ in kind from earlier ones.
- The objection is given as the Montanists' own claim.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.8.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:229; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-8-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.8.2Holl GCS 25/31:229–230
πρῶτον μὲν οὖν ἀνερχομένου τοῦ σωτῆρος εἰς τὸν οὐρανὸν οἱ ἰδόντες τοὺς δύο τοὺς ἐν ἐσθήσεσι λευκαῖς οὐκ ἐν παραπληξίᾳ ὁρῶσιν, ἀλλὰ ἤκουον ἐρρωμένῃ τῇ διανοίᾳ ὅτι »ἄνδρες Γαλιλαῖοι, τί ἑστήκατε εἰς τὸν οὐρανὸν ἀτενίζοντες; οὗτος ὁ Ἰησοῦς ὁ ἀφʼ ὑμῶν εἰς τὸν οὐρανὸν ἀναληφθεὶς οὕτως ἐλεύσεται« καὶ τὰ ἑξῆς.
prōton men oun anerchomenou tou sōtēros eis ton ouranon hoi idontes tous dyo tous en esthēsesi leukais ouk en paraplēxią horōsin, alla ēkouon errōmenę̄ tę̄ dianoią hoti »andres Galilaioi, ti hestēkate eis ton ouranon atenizontes? houtos ho Iēsous ho aphʼ hymōn eis ton ouranon analēphtheis houtōs eleusetai« kai ta hexēs.
First, then, when the Savior was going up into heaven, those who saw the two men in white garments did not see them in derangement, but heard with sound mind, “Men of Galilee, why do you stand gazing into heaven? This Jesus, who was taken up from you into heaven, will come in the same way,” and so on.
Acts 1:10 (allusion, high confidence) · Acts 1:11 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The witnesses of the ascension heard the angels with sound minds.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR letter slip (θ for ξ); the same word occurs correctly in 48.7.10.): παραπληθίᾳ → παραπληξίᾳ.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.8.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:229–230; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-8-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.8.3Holl GCS 25/31:230
εἶτα δὲ καὶ Πέτρος, ὡς ἔφην, ὁρῶν καὶ ἀκούων καὶ ἀποκρινόμενος καὶ λέγων »μηδαμῶς, κύριε«, εὐσταθῶν ἦν τῇ διανοίᾳ.
eita de kai Petros, hōs ephēn, horōn kai akouōn kai apokrinomenos kai legōn »mēdamōs, kyrie«, eustathōn ēn tę̄ dianoią.
Then Peter too, as I said, seeing and hearing and answering and saying, “By no means, Lord,” was steady in mind.
Acts 10:14 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Peter remained steady in mind during his vision.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.8.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:230; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-8-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.8.4Holl GCS 25/31:230
Ἄγαβος γὰρ προφητεύων ἔλεγεν καὶ μετὰ σχήματος θαυμαστοῦ αἰνιττόμενος, λαβὼν τὴν ζώνην τοῦ Παύλου καὶ δήσας τοῖς ἰδίοις ποσὶν φησίν »οὗτος οὗ ἐστιν ἡ ζώνη αὕτη, δήσουσιν αὐτὸν καὶ ἀποίσουσιν εἰς Ἱερουσαλήμ«.
Agabos gar prophēteuōn elegen kai meta schēmatos thaumastou ainittomenos, labōn tēn zōnēn tou Paulou kai dēsas tois idiois posin phēsin »houtos hou estin hē zōnē hautē, dēsousin auton kai apoisousin eis Hierousalēm«.
For Agabus spoke as he prophesied, and hinting with a remarkable gesture, he took Paul's belt, bound his own feet, and said, “The man whose belt this is, they will bind and carry off to Jerusalem.”
Acts 21:11 (quotation, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Agabus prophesied Paul's arrest with a symbolic act.
- Acts 21:11, quoted freely; in Acts Agabus binds his hands and feet and says Paul will be bound in Jerusalem and handed over to the Gentiles.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.8.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:230; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-8-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.8.5Holl GCS 25/31:230
ἀλλὰ καὶ πάλιν ἐν Ἀντιοχείᾳ κατῆλθον προφῆται καὶ κατήγγελλον λιμὸν ἔσεσθαι καθʼ ὅλης τῆς οἰκουμένης. καὶ οὐ διέπεσεν ὁ τούτων λόγος· ἀλλʼ ἵνα δείξῃ αὐτοὺς ἀληθεῖς προφήτας, ἡ γραφὴ εὐθὺς ἐπιφέρει λέγουσα »ἥτις ἐγένετο ἐπὶ Κλαυδίου Καίσαρος«.
alla kai palin en Antiocheią katēlthon prophētai kai katēngellon limon esesthai kathʼ holēs tēs oikoumenēs. kai ou diepesen ho toutōn logos; allʼ hina deixę̄ autous alētheis prophētas, hē graphē euthys epipherei legousa »hētis egeneto epi Klaudiou Kaisaros«.
Again, prophets came down to Antioch and announced that there would be a famine over the whole world. And their word did not fail; to show that they were true prophets, the Scripture at once adds, “which took place under Claudius Caesar.”
Acts 11:27 (allusion, high confidence) · Acts 11:28 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The Antioch prophets' prediction of famine came true.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.8.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:230; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-8-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.8.6Holl GCS 25/31:230
Παῦλος δὲ ὁ ἁγιώτατος ἀπόστολος προφητεύων ἔλεγε »τὸ δὲ πνεῦμα ῥητῶς λέγει, ἐν ἐσχάταις ἡμέραις ἐνστήσονται καιροὶ χαλεποί« καὶ τὰ ἑξῆς,
Paulos de ho hagiōtatos apostolos prophēteuōn elege »to de pneuma rhētōs legei, en eschatais hēmerais enstēsontai kairoi chalepoi« kai ta hexēs,
And Paul, the most holy apostle, prophesying, said, “The Spirit says expressly that in the last days difficult times will come,” and so on;
1 Tim 4:1 (quotation, high confidence) · 2 Tim 3:1 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Paul prophesied about the last days.
- The quotation combines 1 Tim 4:1 and 2 Tim 3:1.
Topics: Eschatology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.8.6 (Holl GCS 25/31:230; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-8-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.8.7Holl GCS 25/31:230
καὶ πάλιν ἄλλοτε ὅτι »ἀποστήσονταί τινες τῆς ὑγιαινούσης διδασκαλίας, προσέχοντες <πνεύμασι> πλάνοις καὶ διδασκαλίαις δαιμόνων, κωλυόντων γαμεῖν, ἀπέχεσθαι βρωμάτων, ἃ ὁ θεὸς ἔκτισεν εἰς μετάληψιν ἡμῖν τοῖς μετὰ εὐχαριστίας <λαμβάνουσιν>«.
kai palin allote hoti »apostēsontai tines tēs hygiainousēs didaskalias, prosechontes <pneumasi> planois kai didaskaliais daimonōn, kōlyontōn gamein, apechesthai brōmatōn, ha ho theos ektisen eis metalēpsin hēmin tois meta eucharistias <lambanousin>«.
and again at another time, “Some will depart from sound teaching, giving heed to deceiving spirits and teachings of demons, forbidding to marry, and to abstain from foods, which God created for us to partake of, who receive them with thanksgiving.”
1 Tim 4:1 (quotation, high confidence) · 1 Tim 4:3 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Paul foretold teachers who would forbid marriage and foods.
- 1 Tim 4:1–3, quoted freely.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.8.7 (Holl GCS 25/31:230; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-8-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.8.8Holl GCS 25/31:230
ὡς σαφῶς <τοῦτο> ἐφʼ ὑμῖν καὶ τοῖς ὁμοίοις ὑμῖν πεπλήρωται, ἐξ αὐτῶν τῶν προκειμένων <δῆλον>· αἱ γὰρ πλείους τῶν αἱρέσεων τούτων τὸ γαμεῖν κωλύουσιν, ἀπέχεσθαι βρωμάτων παραγγέλλουσιν, οὐχ ἕνεκεν πολιτείας προτρεπόμενοι, οὐχ ἕνεκεν ἀρετῆς μείζονος καὶ βραβείων καὶ στεφάνων, ἀλλὰ βδελυκτὰ ταῦτα <τὰ> ὑπὸ τοῦ κυρίου γεγενημένα ἡγούμενοι.
hōs saphōs <touto> ephʼ hymin kai tois homoiois hymin peplērōtai, ex autōn tōn prokeimenōn <dēlon>; hai gar pleious tōn haireseōn toutōn to gamein kōlyousin, apechesthai brōmatōn parangellousin, ouch heneken politeias protrepomenoi, ouch heneken aretēs meizonos kai brabeiōn kai stephanōn, alla bdelykta tauta <ta> hypo tou kyriou gegenēmena hēgoumenoi.
How clearly this has been fulfilled in you and in those like you is plain from the very facts before us. For most of these heresies forbid marriage and command abstinence from foods—not urging it for the sake of a way of life, nor for the sake of greater virtue and prizes and crowns, but because they consider these things, which were made by the Lord, abominable.
1 Tim 4:3 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Epiphanius sees Paul's prophecy fulfilled in heresies that forbid marriage and foods.
- Epiphanius's polemic, translated as written.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.8.8 (Holl GCS 25/31:230; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-8-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 48, chapter 9
48.9.1Holl GCS 25/31:230
9. Ἡ δὲ ἁγία ἐκκλησία καὶ παρθενίαν δοξάζει καὶ μονότητα καὶ ἁγνείαν καὶ χηροσύνην ἐπαινεῖ καὶ γάμον σεμνὸν τιμᾷ καὶ δέχεται, πορνείαν δὲ καὶ μοιχείαν καὶ ἀσέλγειαν ἀπαγορεύει,
9. Hē de hagia ekklēsia kai parthenian doxazei kai monotēta kai hagneian kai chērosynēn epainei kai gamon semnon timą kai dechetai, porneian de kai moicheian kai aselgeian apagoreuei,
9. But the holy church glorifies virginity, praises single life and chastity and widowhood, and honors and accepts honorable marriage; but it forbids sexual immorality and adultery and licentiousness.
Heb 13:4 (echo, low confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The church honors virginity, widowhood, and marriage, and forbids sexual sin.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.9.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:230; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-9-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.9.2Holl GCS 25/31:230–231
ὅθεν ἰδεῖν ἔστιν τὸν χαρακτῆρα τῆς ἁγίας καθολικῆς ἐκκλησίας καὶ τοὺς παραπεποιημένους τῶν ἄλλων τρόπους, <ὡς> καὶ τὸν δοκιμάσαντα ἀποδιδράσκειν ἀπὸ πάσης πλάνης καὶ σκολιᾶς ὁδοῦ καὶ τρίβου ἀνάντου διακειμένης.
hothen idein estin ton charaktēra tēs hagias katholikēs ekklēsias kai tous parapepoiēmenous tōn allōn tropous, <hōs> kai ton dokimasanta apodidraskein apo pasēs planēs kai skolias hodou kai tribou anantou diakeimenēs.
From this one can see the character of the holy catholic church and the counterfeit ways of the others, so that one who has tested them may flee from every error and crooked way and from the path that runs steeply uphill.
Notes and citation
Summary: The church's balance shows its true character over against the heresies.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.9.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:230–231; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-9-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.9.3Holl GCS 25/31:231
ἔφην γὰρ ἄνω ὡς ἀπὸ τοῦ ἁγιωτάτου ἀποστόλου προείρηται καὶ πάλιν ἐρῶ, ὅτι ἀσφαλιζόμενος ἡμᾶς καῖ τὸν χαρακτῆρα τῆς ἁγίας ἐκκλησίας διαιρῶν ἀπὸ τῆς τῶν αἱρέσεων πλάνης ἔφη, ὡς τολμηρῶς τὰ ἐκ θεοῦ καλῶς τεταγμένα ἀπαγορεύοντες νομοθετοῦσι, φήσας περὶ τῶν κωλυόντων γαμεῖν καὶ ἀπέχεσθαι βρωμάτων.
ephēn gar anō hōs apo tou hagiōtatou apostolou proeirētai kai palin erō, hoti asphalizomenos hēmas kai ton charaktēra tēs hagias ekklēsias diairōn apo tēs tōn haireseōn planēs ephē, hōs tolmērōs ta ek theou kalōs tetagmena apagoreuontes nomothetousi, phēsas peri tōn kōlyontōn gamein kai apechesthai brōmatōn.
For I said above that it was foretold by the most holy apostle, and I will say it again: to safeguard us and to distinguish the character of the holy church from the error of the heresies, he said that they boldly legislate by forbidding what God has well ordained, speaking of those who forbid marriage and command abstinence from foods.
1 Tim 4:3 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Paul's warning distinguishes the church from heresies that forbid marriage.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.9.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:231; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-9-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.9.4Holl GCS 25/31:231
καὶ γὰρ συμμετρίᾳ τινὶ * ὁ θεὸς Λόγος ἐν τῷ εὐαγγελίῳ φήσας »θέλεις τέλειος γενέσθαι;«, συγγνωμονῶν τῇ τῶν ἀνθρώπων πλάσει καὶ ἀσθενείᾳ χαίρει μὲν ἐπὶ τοῖς τὰ δοκίμια τῆς θεοσεβείας δυναμένοις ἐνδείκυνσθαι καὶ παρθενίαν ἀσκεῖν αἱρουμένοις καὶ ἁγνείαν καὶ ἐγκράτειαν, τὴν δὲ μονογαμίαν τιμᾷ·
kai gar symmetrią tini * ho theos Logos en tǭ euangeliǭ phēsas »theleis teleios genesthai?«, syngnōmonōn tę̄ tōn anthrōpōn plasei kai astheneią chairei men epi tois ta dokimia tēs theosebeias dynamenois endeikynsthai kai parthenian askein hairoumenois kai hagneian kai enkrateian, tēn de monogamian timą;
For with a certain sense of proportion … God the Word, having said in the Gospel, “Do you wish to become perfect?”, makes allowance for the frame and weakness of men. He rejoices in those who are able to display the proofs of godliness and who choose to practice virginity and chastity and self-control; yet he honors a single marriage;
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Matt 19:21 (quotation, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Christ commends virginity and continence but honors marriage.
- Holl marks a gap (*) in the text. “A single marriage” renders μονογαμία, being married only once.
Topics: Marriage
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.9.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:231; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-9-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.9.5Holl GCS 25/31:231
εἰ καὶ μάλιστα τὰ χαρίσματα τῆς ἱερωσύνης διὰ τῶν ἀπὸ μονογαμίας ἐγκρατευομένων καὶ τῶν ἐν παρθενίᾳ διατελούντων τῷ κόσμῳ προδιετύπου, ὡς καὶ οἱ αὐτοῦ ἀπόστολοι τὸν ἐκκλησιαστικὸν κανόνα τῆς ἱερωσύνης εὐτάκτως καὶ ὁσίως διετάξαντο.
ei kai malista ta charismata tēs hierōsynēs dia tōn apo monogamias enkrateuomenōn kai tōn en parthenią diatelountōn tǭ kosmǭ prodietypou, hōs kai hoi autou apostoloi ton ekklēsiastikon kanona tēs hierōsynēs eutaktōs kai hosiōs dietaxanto.
even though he chiefly set forth to the world, in advance, the gifts of the priesthood through those who live in continence after a single marriage and through those who remain in virginity, as his apostles too laid down the church's rule for the priesthood in good order and holiness.
1 Tim 3:2 (allusion, medium confidence) · Titus 1:6 (allusion, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Priesthood is given chiefly to the once-married living in continence and to virgins.
- “Priesthood” renders ἱερωσύνη, used here of the clergy. The rule Epiphanius has in mind is probably 1 Tim 3:2 and Titus 1:6 (“husband of one wife”).
Topics: Church office, Marriage, Divorce and remarriage
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.9.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:231; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-9-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.9.6Holl GCS 25/31:231
εἰ δέ τις κατὰ ἀσθένειαν ἐπιδεηθείη μετὰ τὴν τελευτὴν τῆς ἰδίας γαμετῆς συναφθῆναι δευτέρῳ γάμῳ, οὐκ ἀπαγορεύει τοῦτο ὁ κανὼν τῆς ἀληθείας, τουτέστιν τὸν μὴ ὄντα ἱερέα.
ei de tis kata astheneian epideētheiē meta tēn teleutēn tēs idias gametēs synaphthēnai deuterǭ gamǭ, ouk apagoreuei touto ho kanōn tēs alētheias, toutestin ton mē onta hierea.
But if anyone, because of weakness, needs to be joined in a second marriage after the death of his own wife, the rule of truth does not forbid it—that is, for one who is not a priest.
Notes and citation
Summary: A layman may remarry after his wife's death.
- Epiphanius permits a second marriage after a spouse's death for laymen, not for clergy.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR letter slip (ρ for μ).): γάρῳ → γάμῳ.
Topics: Remarriage, Church office, Divorce and remarriage
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.9.6 (Holl GCS 25/31:231; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-9-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.9.7Holl GCS 25/31:231
οὗτοι δὲ κωλύουσι κατὰ τὸ εἰρημένον »κωλυόντων γαμεῖν«· ἐκβάλλουσι γὰρ τὸν δευτέρῳ γάμῳ συναφθέντα καὶ ἀναγκάζουσι μὴ δευτέρῳ γάμῳ συνάπτεσθαι.
houtoi de kōlyousi kata to eirēmenon »kōlyontōn gamein«; ekballousi gar ton deuterǭ gamǭ synaphthenta kai anankazousi mē deuterǭ gamǭ synaptesthai.
But these people forbid it, as the saying goes, “forbidding to marry”: for they expel anyone who has been joined in a second marriage and compel people not to be joined in a second marriage.
1 Tim 4:3 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The Montanists expel those who remarry.
- Epiphanius's report of Montanist practice, translated as written.
Topics: Remarriage, Heresy, Divorce and remarriage
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.9.7 (Holl GCS 25/31:231; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-9-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.9.8Holl GCS 25/31:231–232
ἡμεῖς δὲ οὐκ ἀνάγκην ἐπιτιθέαμεν, ἀλλὰ παραινοῦμεν μετὰ συμβου- λίας ἀγαθῆς προτρεπόμενοι τὸν δυνάμενον, οὐκ ἀνάγκην δὲ ἐπιτιθέαμεν τῷ μὴ δυναμένῳ, ἀλλὰ οὐδὲ ἐκβάλλομεν αὐτὸν ἀπὸ τῆς ζωῆς.
hēmeis de ouk anankēn epititheamen, alla parainoumen meta symbou- lias agathēs protrepomenoi ton dynamenon, ouk anankēn de epititheamen tǭ mē dynamenǭ, alla oude ekballomen auton apo tēs zōēs.
We, however, impose no compulsion; rather we exhort with good counsel, urging on the one who is able, but imposing no compulsion on the one who is not able; nor do we expel him from life.
Notes and citation
Summary: The church encourages but does not compel abstention from second marriage.
Topics: Remarriage, Divorce and remarriage
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.9.8 (Holl GCS 25/31:231–232; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-9-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.9.9Holl GCS 25/31:232
ὁ γὰρ ἅγιος λόγος πάντῃ ἐκήρυξε τὴν ἀσθένειαν τῶν ἀσθενούντων βαστάζειν, ὡς καὶ ὁ ἅγιος ἀπόστολος εὐθὺς εὑρεθήσεται λέγων καὶ ἐλέγχων τοὺς τοιούτους * μὴ ὄντας τοῦ αὐτοῦ χαρίσματος ὅτι »νεωτέρας χήρας παραιτοῦ·
ho gar hagios logos pantę̄ ekēryxe tēn astheneian tōn asthenountōn bastazein, hōs kai ho hagios apostolos euthys heurethēsetai legōn kai elenchōn tous toioutous * mē ontas tou autou charismatos hoti »neōteras chēras paraitou;
For the holy word everywhere proclaimed that we should bear the weakness of the weak, as the holy apostle too will at once be found saying, rebuking such as … do not have the same gift: “Refuse younger widows;
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Rom 15:1 (allusion, medium confidence) · 1 Tim 5:11 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Paul bears with the weak, as his counsel on younger widows shows.
- Holl marks a gap (*) in the text.
Topics: Remarriage, Divorce and remarriage
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.9.9 (Holl GCS 25/31:232; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-9-9). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.9.10Holl GCS 25/31:232
μετὰ γὰρ τὸ καταστρηνιάσαι τοῦ Χριστοῦ γαμεῖν θέλουσιν, ἔχουσαι τὸ κρίμα, ὅτι τὴν πρώτην πίστιν ἠθέτησαν«. αἱ γὰρ ἐπαγγειλάμεναι καὶ ἀθετήσασαι ἔχουσι κρίμα, αἱ δὲ μὴ ἐπαγγειλάμεναι, ἀλλὰ συναφθεῖσαι διʼ ἀσθένειαν κρίμα οὐχ ἕξουσιν. εἰ δὲ κρίμα ἔμελλον ἔχειν, πῶς ἔλεγε »γαμείτωσαν, οἰκοδεσποτείτωσαν;«
meta gar to katastrēniasai tou Christou gamein thelousin, echousai to krima, hoti tēn prōtēn pistin ēthetēsan«. hai gar epangeilamenai kai athetēsasai echousi krima, hai de mē epangeilamenai, alla synaphtheisai diʼ astheneian krima ouch hexousin. ei de krima emellon echein, pōs elege »gameitōsan, oikodespoteitōsan?«
for when they grow wanton against Christ, they wish to marry, incurring condemnation because they have set aside their first faith.” For those who made a promise and set it aside incur condemnation; but those who made no promise, but were joined in marriage because of weakness, will not incur condemnation. And if they were going to incur condemnation, how could he say, “Let them marry, let them manage their households”?
1 Tim 5:11 (quotation, high confidence) · 1 Tim 5:12 (quotation, high confidence) · 1 Tim 5:14 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Only widows who broke a vow are condemned for remarrying; Paul permits others to marry.
Topics: Remarriage, Divorce and remarriage
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.9.10 (Holl GCS 25/31:232; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-9-10). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 48, chapter 10
48.10.1Holl GCS 25/31:232
10. Πᾶς τοίνυν προφητεύων παρακολουθῶν εὑρίσκεται, κἄν τε ἐν τῇ παλαιᾷ διαθήκῃ κἄν τε ἐν τῇ καινῇ, ὡς καὶ ὁ ἅγιος Ἰωάννης ἐν τῇ Ἀποκαλύψει ἔλεγε »τάδε ἀπεκάλυψε κύριος τοῖς αὐτοῦ δούλοις διὰ τοῦ δούλου αὐτοῦ Ἰωάννου« καὶ »τάδε λέγει κύριος«.
10. Pas toinyn prophēteuōn parakolouthōn heurisketai, kan te en tę̄ palaią diathēkę̄ kan te en tę̄ kainę̄, hōs kai ho hagios Iōannēs en tę̄ Apokalypsei elege »tade apekalypse kyrios tois autou doulois dia tou doulou autou Iōannou« kai »tade legei kyrios«.
10. Everyone who prophesies, then, is found to follow what he is saying, whether in the Old Testament or in the New, as holy John too said in the Revelation, “These things the Lord revealed to his servants through his servant John,” and “Thus says the Lord.”
Rev 1:1 (quotation, medium confidence) · Rev 2:1 (allusion, low confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: True prophets, including John, speak knowingly.
- The words from Revelation are quoted loosely (cf. Rev 1:1 and the letters to the churches, Rev 2–3).
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.10.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:232; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-10-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.10.2Holl GCS 25/31:232
ὁ ταῦτα δὲ λέγων ἐρρωμένην εἶχε τὴν διάνοιαν καὶ παρηκολούθει, ἰδοὺ τοίνυν * »τάδε λέγει κύριος« καὶ »ὅρασις ἥν εἶδεν«.
ho tauta de legōn errōmenēn eiche tēn dianoian kai parēkolouthei, idou toinyn * »tade legei kyrios« kai »horasis hēn eiden«.
And the one who says these things had a sound mind and followed what he said; see, then … “Thus says the Lord” and “the vision which he saw.”
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Isa 1:1 (allusion, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Prophetic formulas show the prophets' clear minds.
- Holl marks a gap (*) in the text. “The vision which he saw” recalls Isa 1:1 (LXX).
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.10.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:232; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-10-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.10.3Holl GCS 25/31:232–233
ὁ δὲ Μοντανὸς οὗτος ὁ αὐχῶν ἑαυτὸν εἶναι προφήτην καὶ πλανήσας τοὺς ὑπʼ αὐτοῦ πεπλανημένους ἀσύστατα κατὰ τῆς θείας γραφῆς διηγεῖται. λέγει γὰρ ἐν τῇ ἑαυτοῦ λεγομένῃ προφητείᾳ »τί λέγεις τὸν ὑπὲρ ἄνθρωπον σῳζόμενον; λάμψει γὰρ (φησίν) ὁ δίκαιος ὑπὲρ τὸν ἥλιον ἑκατονταπλασίονα, αἱ δὲ μικροὶ ἐν ὑμῖν σῳζόμενοι λάμψουσιν ἑκατονταπλασίονα ὑπὲρ τὴν σελήνην«.
ho de Montanos houtos ho auchōn heauton einai prophētēn kai planēsas tous hypʼ autou peplanēmenous asystata kata tēs theias graphēs diēgeitai. legei gar en tę̄ heautou legomenę̄ prophēteią »ti legeis ton hyper anthrōpon sǭzomenon? lampsei gar (phēsin) ho dikaios hyper ton hēlion hekatontaplasiona, hai de mikroi en hymin sǭzomenoi lampsousin hekatontaplasiona hyper tēn selēnēn«.
But this Montanus, who boasts that he is a prophet and has deceived those he has deceived, relates things that do not agree with the divine Scripture. For in his so-called prophecy he says, “Why do you call the one who is saved more than human? For the righteous man,” he says, “will shine a hundred times more than the sun, and the little ones among you who are saved will shine a hundred times more than the moon.”
Matt 13:43 (echo, low confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Montanus promised that the saved would outshine sun and moon a hundredfold.
- A Montanist oracle, known only from this passage. The opening question is obscure in the Greek and may also mean “Why do you speak of the one saved beyond man?”
Extrabiblical texts: Mont. Or. (Montanist oracles; quotation)
Topics: Heresy, Eschatology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.10.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:232–233; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-10-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.10.4Holl GCS 25/31:233
ὁ δὲ κύριος ἐλέγχει τὸν τοιοῦτον, ὁ ἔχων τὴν ἐξουσίαν χαρίσασθαι τὸ λάμπειν τὰ πρόσωπα τῶν ἁγίων καὶ φαιδρύνας τὸ πρόσωπον τοῦ Μωυσέως καὶ μεταβάλλων τοὺς ἁγίους αὐτοῦ ἐν τῇ μελλούσῃ ἀναστάσει τῶν σωμάτων, τοὺς σπειρομένους ἐν ἀτιμάᾳ καὶ ἐγειρομένους ἐν δόξῃ, οὐκ ἄλλα σώματα παρὰ τὰ ὄντα,
ho de kyrios elenchei ton toiouton, ho echōn tēn exousian charisasthai to lampein ta prosōpa tōn hagiōn kai phaidrynas to prosōpon tou Mōyseōs kai metaballōn tous hagious autou en tę̄ mellousę̄ anastasei tōn sōmatōn, tous speiromenous en atimaą kai egeiromenous en doxę̄, ouk alla sōmata para ta onta,
But the Lord refutes such a man—he who has the power to grant that the faces of the saints shine, who made Moses' face radiant, and who will transform his saints in the coming resurrection of bodies, those sown in dishonor and raised in glory; not other bodies than those that exist,
Exod 34:29 (allusion, high confidence) · 1 Cor 15:43 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Christ alone gives glory to the saints' faces and raises their bodies.
Topics: Eschatology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.10.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:233; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-10-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.10.5Holl GCS 25/31:233
ἀλλὰ αὐτὰ τὰ ὄντα ἐγειρόμενα ὅλα, λαμβάνοντα δὲ δόξαν παρʼ αὐτοῦ μετὰ <τὴν> ἀνάστασιν παρὰ τοῦ τὴν δόξαν ἀφθόνως παρέχοντος τοῖς ἑαυτοῦ ἁγίοις, ἐπειδὴ ἔχει τὴν ἐξουσίαν δοῦναι καὶ χαρίσασθαι ὡς θεὸς καὶ κύριος.
alla auta ta onta egeiromena hola, lambanonta de doxan parʼ autou meta <tēn> anastasin para tou tēn doxan aphthonōs parechontos tois heautou hagiois, epeidē echei tēn exousian dounai kai charisasthai hōs theos kai kyrios.
but the very bodies that exist, raised whole, yet receiving glory from him after the resurrection, from him who bestows glory ungrudgingly on his saints, since he has the power to give and grant it as God and Lord.
Notes and citation
Summary: The same bodies will be raised and glorified by Christ.
Topics: Eschatology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.10.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:233; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-10-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.10.6Holl GCS 25/31:233
ἔχων δὲ τοῦ χαρίσασθαι <ἐξουσίαν> οὐκ ἐπηγγείλατο κατὰ τὸν Μοντανόν, ἀλλά φησι »λάμψει ὑμῶν τὰ πρόσωπα ὡς ὁ ἥλιος«. εἰ τοίνυν ὁ ἔχων τὴν ἐξουσίαν καὶ ἀληθῶς ὑπάρχων δεσπότης καὶ κύριος ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦς Χριστὸς ὡς ὁ ἥλιος λέγει τὰ πρόσωπα τῶν δικαίων λάμψειν, πῶς ὁ Μοντανὸς ἐπαγγέλλεται περισσότερον ἑκατονταπλασίονα;
echōn de tou charisasthai <exousian> ouk epēngeilato kata ton Montanon, alla phēsi »lampsei hymōn ta prosōpa hōs ho hēlios«. ei toinyn ho echōn tēn exousian kai alēthōs hyparchōn despotēs kai kyrios hēmōn Iēsous Christos hōs ho hēlios legei ta prosōpa tōn dikaiōn lampsein, pōs ho Montanos epangelletai perissoteron hekatontaplasiona?
Yet though he has the power to grant it, he did not promise as Montanus did, but says, “Your faces will shine like the sun.” If, then, the one who has the power and is truly our Master and Lord, Jesus Christ, says that the faces of the righteous will shine like the sun, how does Montanus promise a hundred times more?
Matt 13:43 (allusion, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Christ promised faces shining like the sun, not Montanus's hundredfold.
- The saying is not found in this form in the Gospels; compare Matt 13:43 and 17:2.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (Dropped letter; the word occurs correctly in 48.10.3.; Stray page-break marker in the digital text.): ἥλιος«. | εἰ → ἥλιος«. εἰ; ἑκατονταπασίονα → ἑκατονταπλασίονα.
Topics: Heresy, Eschatology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.10.6 (Holl GCS 25/31:233; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-10-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.10.7Holl GCS 25/31:233
εἰ ὴν ἄρα ὅμοιος εἴη ἐκείνῳ τῷ ἐπαγγειλαμένῳ τοῖς περὶ τὸν Ἀδὰμ ὅτι ἔσεσθε ὡς θεοὶ [φήσαντι] καὶ ἀπὸ τῆς ὑπαρχούσης αὐτοῖς δόξης καὶ παραδείσου τρυφῆς παρασκευάσαντι αὐτοῖς τὴν ἐκβολὴν γενέσθαι καὶ εἰς φθορὰν θανάτου κατενεχθῆναι.
ei ēn ara homoios eiē ekeinǭ tǭ epangeilamenǭ tois peri ton Adam hoti esesthe hōs theoi [phēsanti] kai apo tēs hyparchousēs autois doxēs kai paradeisou tryphēs paraskeuasanti autois tēn ekbolēn genesthai kai eis phthoran thanatou katenechthēnai.
Unless perhaps he is like the one who promised Adam and those with him, “You will be as gods,” and contrived that they be cast out of the glory they had and the delight of paradise and be brought down into the corruption of death.
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Gen 3:5 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Montanus's promise resembles the serpent's promise to Adam.
- “Unless perhaps” reads the garbled εἰ ὴν ἄρα as εἰ μὴ ἄρα. The editor deletes “saying” (φήσαντι).
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.10.7 (Holl GCS 25/31:233; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-10-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 48, chapter 11
48.11.1Holl GCS 25/31:233
11. Ἔτι δὲ προστίθησιν ὁ αὐτὸς Μοντανὸς οὕτως λέγων »ἐγὼ κύριος ὁ θεὸς ὁ παντοκράτωρ καταγινόμενος ἐν ἀνθρώπῳ«.
11. Eti de prostithēsin ho autos Montanos houtōs legōn »egō kyrios ho theos ho pantokratōr kataginomenos en anthrōpǭ«.
11. The same Montanus adds further, saying, “I am the Lord God Almighty, dwelling in a man.”
Notes and citation
Summary: Montanus claimed to be the Lord God Almighty dwelling in a man.
- A Montanist oracle, as quoted by Epiphanius.
Extrabiblical texts: Mont. Or. (Montanist oracles; quotation)
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.11.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:233; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-11-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.11.2Holl GCS 25/31:233–234
ἄρα γοῦν καλῶς ἡμᾶς ἡ θεία γραφὴ ἐπασφαλίζεται καὶ ἡ ἀκολουθία τῆς τοῦ ἁγίου πνεύματος διδασκαλίας, νουθετοῦσα ἡμᾶς, ἵνα γινώσκωμεν ποῖά ἐστι τὰ μιμηλὰ τοῦ ἀλλοτρίου πνεύματος καὶτὰ ἀντίθετα πρὸς τὴν ἀλήθειαν.
ara goun kalōs hēmas hē theia graphē epasphalizetai kai hē akolouthia tēs tou hagiou pneumatos didaskalias, nouthetousa hēmas, hina ginōskōmen poia esti ta mimēla tou allotriou pneumatos kaita antitheta pros tēn alētheian.
Well indeed, then, does the divine Scripture safeguard us, and the consistent teaching of the Holy Spirit, admonishing us so that we may know what the imitations of the alien spirit are, and what things are opposed to the truth.
Notes and citation
Summary: Scripture teaches us to recognize false spirits.
Topics: Scripture and canon
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.11.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:233–234; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-11-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.11.3Holl GCS 25/31:234
ὅτε γὰρ εὐθὺς τοῦτο εἶπε Μοντανός, ὑπόνοιαν ἡμῖν δέδωκεν ἀναμνησθῆναι τὰ ὑπὸ τοῦ κυρίου εἰρημένα. οὕτως γὰρ φησιν ὁ κύριος ἐν τῷ εὐαγγελίῳ »ἐγὼ ἦλθον ἐν τῷ ὀνόματι τοῦ πατρός μου, καὶ οὐκ ἐδέξασθέ με.
hote gar euthys touto eipe Montanos, hyponoian hēmin dedōken anamnēsthēnai ta hypo tou kyriou eirēmena. houtōs gar phēsin ho kyrios en tǭ euangeliǭ »egō ēlthon en tǭ onomati tou patros mou, kai ouk edexasthe me.
For as soon as Montanus said this, he gave us occasion to recall what was said by the Lord. For the Lord says thus in the Gospel: “I have come in my Father's name, and you did not receive me.
John 5:43 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Montanus's claim recalls Christ's warning about one who comes in his own name.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.11.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:234; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-11-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.11.4Holl GCS 25/31:234
ἄλλος ἐλεύσεται ἐπὶ τῷ ἰδίῳ ὀνόματι, καὶ δέξονται τὸν τοιοῦτον«. ἀσύμφωνος τοίνυν παντάπασιν ὁ τοιοῦτος τῶν θείων γραφῶν ηὑρέθη, ὡς παντί τῳ σαφὲς εἴη [τῷ] νουνεχῶς ἐντυγχάνοντι. εἰ τοίνυν ἀσύμφωνος ὑπάρχει, ἀλλότριός ἐστι τῆς ἁγίας καθολικῆς ἐκκλησίας <αὐτὸς> καὶ ἡ κατ´ αὐτὸν αὐχοῦσα αἵρεσις προφήτας ἔχειν καὶ χαρίσματα, ἃ μὴ εἴληφεν, ἀλλὰ ἐκ τούτων ἀπέστη.
allos eleusetai epi tǭ idiǭ onomati, kai dexontai ton toiouton«. asymphōnos toinyn pantapasin ho toioutos tōn theiōn graphōn hēurethē, hōs panti tǭ saphes eiē [tǭ] nounechōs entynchanonti. ei toinyn asymphōnos hyparchei, allotrios esti tēs hagias katholikēs ekklēsias <autos> kai hē kat´ auton auchousa hairesis prophētas echein kai charismata, ha mē eilēphen, alla ek toutōn apestē.
Another will come in his own name, and such a one they will receive.” Such a man, then, has been found completely out of harmony with the divine Scriptures, as is clear to anyone who reads with understanding. If, then, he is out of harmony, he is alien to the holy catholic church—both he and the heresy named after him, which boasts of having prophets and gifts it has not received, but has fallen away from them.
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
John 5:43 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Montanus and his sect are alien to the catholic church.
- The editor deletes a repeated article (τῷ).
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.11.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:234; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-11-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.11.5Holl GCS 25/31:234
τὶς τοίνυν τολμήσειε παρακολουθῶν τούτους προφήτας καλεὶν καὶ μὴ μὰλλον πλάνους εἶναι <φήσειεν> τοὺς τοιούτους; Χριστὸς γὰρ ἡμᾶς ἐδίδαξε λέγων ὅτι »τὸ πνεῦμα τὸ παράκλητον ἀποστέλλω ὑμῖν« καὶ τὰ σημεῖα διδοὺς ἔλεγεν ὅτι »ἐκεῖνός με δοξάσει« ὡς τὰ ἀληθῆ ἔστιν ἰδεῖν ὅτι οἱ ἅγιοι ἀπόστολοι τὸ παράκλητον πνεῦμα λαβόντες κύριον ἐδόξασαν, οὗτος δὲ ὁ Μοντανὸς ἑαυτὸν δοξάζει·
tis toinyn tolmēseie parakolouthōn toutous prophētas kalein kai mē mallon planous einai <phēseien> tous toioutous? Christos gar hēmas edidaxe legōn hoti »to pneuma to paraklēton apostellō hymin« kai ta sēmeia didous elegen hoti »ekeinos me doxasei« hōs ta alēthē estin idein hoti hoi hagioi apostoloi to paraklēton pneuma labontes kyrion edoxasan, houtos de ho Montanos heauton doxazei;
Who then, if he follows carefully, would dare to call these men prophets, and not rather say that such men are deceivers? For Christ taught us, saying, “I send you the Spirit, the Paraclete,” and, giving the signs, he said, “He will glorify me”; so that one can truly see that the holy apostles, having received the Spirit the Paraclete, glorified the Lord, but this Montanus glorifies himself.
John 15:26 (quotation, medium confidence) · John 16:14 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The true Paraclete glorifies Christ; Montanus glorifies himself.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (Doubled letter.; Dropped letter.; OCR letter slip (ξ for ζ).; OCR letter slip.; OCR slip (dropped letter).): λέγβν → λέγων; σημεᾶ → σημεῖα; ἅγιοιι → ἅγιοι; ἀπόσολοι → ἀπόστολοι; δοξάξει → δοξάζει.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.11.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:234; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-11-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.11.6Holl GCS 25/31:234
ὁ κύριος τὸν πατέρα αὐτοῦ ἐδόξασε καὶ ὁ κύριος πάλιν [ὁ] Χριστὸς τὸ πνεῦμα ἐδόξασε, λέγων αὐτὸ πνεῦμα ἀληθείας, Μοντανὸς δὲ ἑαυτὸν δοξάζει μόνονκαὶ λε΄γει εἶναι πατέρα παντοκρα΄τορα καὶ τὸ ἐν αὐτῷ ἐνοικῆσαν *, ἵνα πανταχόθεν δειχθῇ οὐκ αὐτὸς ὢν οὐκὲ ὑπ´ ἐκείνου ἀπεσταλμένος οὐδὲ παρʼαὐτοῦ λαμβάνων.
ho kyrios ton patera autou edoxase kai ho kyrios palin [ho] Christos to pneuma edoxase, legōn auto pneuma alētheias, Montanos de heauton doxazei mononkai le΄gei einai patera pantokra΄tora kai to en autǭ enoikēsan *, hina pantachothen deichthę̄ ouk autos ōn ouke hyp´ ekeinou apestalmenos oude parʼautou lambanōn.
The Lord glorified his Father, and again the Lord Christ glorified the Spirit, calling it the Spirit of truth; but Montanus glorifies only himself and says that he is the Father Almighty and the one who has come to dwell in him …, so that it may be shown from every side that he is neither that one, nor sent by him, nor receiving from him.
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
John 16:13 (allusion, high confidence) · John 17:4 (allusion, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Christ glorified the Father and the Spirit; Montanus glorifies only himself.
- Holl marks a gap (*) in the text. The editor deletes a repeated article (ὁ).
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.11.6 (Holl GCS 25/31:234; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-11-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.11.7Holl GCS 25/31:234
»ἐν τῷ γὰρ κυρίῳ ηὐδόκησε πᾶν τὸ πλήρωμα τῆς θεότητος κατοικῆσαι σωματικῶς« καὶ »ἀπὸ τοῦ πληρώματος αὐτοῦ πάντες οἱ προφῆται εἰλήφασι« κατὰ τὸν τοῦ ἁγίου Ἰωάννου λόγον.
»en tǭ gar kyriǭ ēudokēse pan to plērōma tēs theotētos katoikēsai sōmatikōs« kai »apo tou plērōmatos autou pantes hoi prophētai eilēphasi« kata ton tou hagiou Iōannou logon.
“For in the Lord all the fullness of the Godhead was pleased to dwell bodily,” and “from his fullness all the prophets have received,” according to the word of holy John.
Col 2:9 (quotation, high confidence) · Col 1:19 (allusion, medium confidence) · John 1:16 (quotation, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: All fullness dwells in Christ, and the prophets received from him.
- Col 2:9 combined with Col 1:19. John 1:16 has “we all”; Epiphanius writes “all the prophets”.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR letter slip (ξ for φ).): προξῆται → προφῆται.
Topics: Christology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.11.7 (Holl GCS 25/31:234; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-11-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.11.8Holl GCS 25/31:234–235
καὶ ὅρα πῶς πάντες οἱ παλαιοῖ Χριστὸν κατήγγελλον καὶ οἱ μετέπειτα Χριστὸν ἐδόξασαν καὶ αὐτὸν ὡμολόγησαν, Μοντανὸς δὲ εἰσέρησεν ἑαυτὸν τινὰ λέγων, ὅπως δειχθῇ ὅτι οὔτε αὐτὸς ἔστιν οὔτε ἀπ´ αὐτοῦ ἀπέσταλται οὔτε παρ´ αὐτοῦ τι εἴληφεν.
kai hora pōs pantes hoi palaioi Christon katēngellon kai hoi metepeita Christon edoxasan kai auton hōmologēsan, Montanos de eiserēsen heauton tina legōn, hopōs deichthę̄ hoti oute autos estin oute ap´ autou apestaltai oute par´ autou ti eilēphen.
And see how all the ancients proclaimed Christ, and those who came after glorified Christ and confessed him; but Montanus has brought himself in, calling himself somebody, so that it may be shown that he is neither that one, nor sent by him, nor has received anything from him.
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Acts 5:36 (echo, low confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The prophets and apostles glorified Christ; Montanus puts himself forward.
- “Brought himself in” renders εἰσέρησεν by sense; the word is probably corrupt. “Calling himself somebody” may echo Acts 5:36.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR slip (misplaced letter).): αὐὸνν → αὐτὸν.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.11.8 (Holl GCS 25/31:234–235; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-11-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.11.9Holl GCS 25/31:235
Εἶτα πάλιν φησὶ τὸ ἐλεεινὸν ἀνθρωπάριον Μοντανὸς ὅτι «οὔτε ἄγγελος οὔτε πρέσβυς, ἀλλʼ ἐγὼ κύριος ὀ θεὸς πατήρ ἦλθον«. ταῦτα δὲ λέγων φωραθήσεται ἀλλότριος ὤν, Χριστὸν μὴ δοξάζων, ὅν πᾶν χάρισμα ἐκκλησιαστικὸν ἐν ἐκκλησίᾳ τῇ ἁγίᾳ δοθὲν ἐν ἀληθείᾳ ἐδόξασεν.
Eita palin phēsi to eleeinon anthrōparion Montanos hoti «oute angelos oute presbys, allʼ egō kyrios o theos patēr ēlthon«. tauta de legōn phōrathēsetai allotrios ōn, Christon mē doxazōn, hon pan charisma ekklēsiastikon en ekklēsią tę̄ hagią dothen en alētheią edoxasen.
Then again the pitiful little man Montanus says, “Neither an angel nor an envoy, but I, the Lord God the Father, have come.” But in saying this he will be caught out as an alien, since he does not glorify Christ, whom every gift of the church, given in truth in the holy church, has glorified.
Isa 63:9 (allusion, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Montanus claimed to be God the Father come in person.
- A Montanist oracle, as quoted by Epiphanius; its wording recalls Isa 63:9 (LXX).
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (Letters dropped at a word join.; Stray accent marks and joined words.): Εἶτάλιν → Εἶτα πάλιν; ἀνθρωπ΄΄αριονΜοντανὸς → ἀνθρωπάριον Μοντανὸς.
Extrabiblical texts: Mont. Or. (Montanist oracles; quotation)
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.11.9 (Holl GCS 25/31:235; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-11-9). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.11.10Holl GCS 25/31:235
εὑρεθήσεται γὰρ ἐκτὸς εἶναι σώματος ἐκκλησίας καὶ κεφαλῆς τοῦ σύμπαντος καὶ »μὴ κρατῶν τὴν κεφαλήν, ἐξ ἡσπερ πᾶν τὸ σῶμα συναρμολογούμενον αὔξει« κατὰ τὸ γεγραμμένον. ὁ γὰρ κύριος ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦς Χριστὸς υἱὸν ἑαυτὸν ἔδειξεν, ὄντως ὢν υἱὸς ἐν ἀληθείᾳ, Μοντανὸς δʼ ἑαυτὸν καὶ πατέρα λέγει.
heurethēsetai gar ektos einai sōmatos ekklēsias kai kephalēs tou sympantos kai »mē kratōn tēn kephalēn, ex hēsper pan to sōma synarmologoumenon auxei« kata to gegrammenon. ho gar kyrios hēmōn Iēsous Christos huion heauton edeixen, ontōs ōn huios en alētheią, Montanos dʼ heauton kai patera legei.
For he will be found to be outside the body of the church and outside the head of the whole, “not holding fast to the head, from which the whole body, joined together, grows,” as it is written. For our Lord Jesus Christ showed himself to be the Son, since he truly is the Son in truth; but Montanus calls himself even the Father.
Col 2:19 (quotation, high confidence) · Eph 4:16 (allusion, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Montanus is cut off from Christ, the head, and calls himself the Father.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.11.10 (Holl GCS 25/31:235; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-11-10). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 48, chapter 12
48.12.1Holl GCS 25/31:235
12. Πῶς τοίνυν, ὦ Φρύγες ἡμὶν πάλιν ἐπαναστάντες πολέμιοι καί μεμορφωμένοι εἰς Χριστιανικὴν ἐπίκλησιν, βαρβάρων δὲ ἐπανῃρημένοι μάχην καὶ τῶν Τρῴων καὶ Φρυγῶν μιμούμενοι τὸ πολέμιον, πῶς πεισθῶμεν ὑμῖν λέγουσι διὰ χαρίσματα ἀφεστάναι τῆς ἐκκλησίας;
12. Pōs toinyn, ō Phryges hēmin palin epanastantes polemioi kai memorphōmenoi eis Christianikēn epiklēsin, barbarōn de epanę̄rēmenoi machēn kai tōn Trǭōn kai Phrygōn mimoumenoi to polemion, pōs peisthōmen hymin legousi dia charismata aphestanai tēs ekklēsias?
12. How then, you Phrygians—who have risen up against us again as enemies and have put on the form of the Christian name, but have taken up the warfare of barbarians and imitate the hostility of the Trojans and Phrygians—how are we to believe you when you say that you left the church because of spiritual gifts?
Notes and citation
Summary: Epiphanius rejects the Montanists' claim that they left the church for the sake of spiritual gifts.
- Epiphanius's polemic, translated as written; the Montanists were called “the Phrygians” (Cataphrygians) after their homeland.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.12.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:235; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-12-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.12.2Holl GCS 25/31:235
οὐκέτι γὰρ χαρίσματα εἴη τὰ ἀλλότρια χαρισμάτων ὄντα καὶ παρὰ τὸν χαρακτῆρα τὸν ὑπὸ κυρίου ὑπισχνούμενον, ὡς οἱ καθʼ ὑμᾶς προφῆται λέγουσιν.
ouketi gar charismata eiē ta allotria charismatōn onta kai para ton charaktēra ton hypo kyriou hypischnoumenon, hōs hoi kathʼ hymas prophētai legousin.
For things that are alien to gifts and contrary to the character promised by the Lord, as your prophets speak, would no longer be gifts.
Notes and citation
Summary: Montanist prophecy does not match the gifts Christ promised.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR letter slip (δ for κ).): χαραδτῆρα → χαρακτῆρα.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.12.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:235; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-12-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.12.3Holl GCS 25/31:235
εἰσάγετε δὲ ἡμῖν πάλιν καὶ Μαξίμιλλαν· καὶ γὰρ καὶ τὰ ὀνόματα ὑμῶν διηλλαγμένα καὶ φοβερώτατα καὶ οὔτε προσηνές τι καὶ γλυκύτατον ἔχοντα, ἀλλὰ ἄγιόν τι καὶ βαρβαρικόν.
eisagete de hēmin palin kai Maximillan; kai gar kai ta onomata hymōn diēllagmena kai phoberōtata kai oute prosēnes ti kai glykytaton echonta, alla agion ti kai barbarikon.
And you bring in Maximilla for us too; for even your names are outlandish and most frightening, with nothing gentle or sweet about them, but something wild and barbarous.
Notes and citation
Summary: Epiphanius mocks the strange names of the Montanist prophets.
- The printed ἄγιον (“holy”) makes no sense here; it is translated as ἄγριον (“wild”), probably the intended word.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (Words joined in the digital text.): διηλλαγμένακαὶ → διηλλαγμένα καὶ.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.12.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:235; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-12-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.12.4Holl GCS 25/31:235
εὐθὺς γὰρ αὕτη ἡ Μαξίμιλλα ἡ παρὰ τοῖς τοιούτοις κατὰ Φρύγας οὕτω καλουμένοις — ἀκούσατε, ὦ παῖδες Χριστοῦ, τί λέγει· »ἐμοῦ μὴ ἀκούσητε, ἀλλὰ Χριστοῦ ἀκούσατε«.
euthys gar hautē hē Maximilla hē para tois toioutois kata Phrygas houtō kaloumenois — akousate, ō paides Christou, ti legei; »emou mē akousēte, alla Christou akousate«.
For right at once this Maximilla, who is among these so-called Cataphrygians—hear, children of Christ, what she says: “Do not listen to me, but listen to Christ.”
Notes and citation
Summary: Maximilla told her hearers not to listen to her but to Christ.
- A Montanist oracle of Maximilla, as quoted by Epiphanius.
Extrabiblical texts: Mont. Or. (Montanist oracles; quotation)
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.12.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:235; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-12-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.12.5Holl GCS 25/31:235
καὶ ἐν οἷς ἔδοξε Χριστὸν δοξάζειν πεπλάνηται. εἰ γὰρ ἦν τοῦ Χριστοῦ, ἔλεγεν ἂν κατὰ τοὺς ἁγίους ἀποστόλους ὡς ἕκαστος <αὐτῶν> λέγει, Πέτρος μὲν πρῶτος λέγων ὅτι «ἡμεῖς παρʼ αὐτοῦ ἡκούσαμεν« καὶ αὐτοῦ τοῦ κυρίου λέγοντος »ὁ ὑμῶν ἀκούων ἐμοῦ ἀκούει« καὶ τοῦ Παύλου λέγοντος »μιμηταί μου γίνεσθε, καθὼς κἀγὼ Χριστοῦ«.
kai en hois edoxe Christon doxazein peplanētai. ei gar ēn tou Christou, elegen an kata tous hagious apostolous hōs hekastos <autōn> legei, Petros men prōtos legōn hoti «hēmeis parʼ autou hēkousamen« kai autou tou kyriou legontos »ho hymōn akouōn emou akouei« kai tou Paulou legontos »mimētai mou ginesthe, kathōs kagō Christou«.
And even where she seemed to glorify Christ, she went astray. For if she had been Christ's, she would have spoken like the holy apostles, as each of them speaks: Peter first, saying, “We heard it from him,” and the Lord himself saying, “He who hears you hears me,” and Paul saying, “Be imitators of me, as I also am of Christ.”
2 Pet 1:18 (allusion, medium confidence) · Luke 10:16 (quotation, high confidence) · 1 Cor 11:1 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The apostles invited hearing and imitation of themselves in Christ, unlike Maximilla.
- “We heard it from him” recalls 2 Pet 1:18.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (Doubled letter.; Stray letter.): ἦνν → ἦν; ἕκαςστος → ἕκαστος.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.12.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:235; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-12-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.12.6Holl GCS 25/31:235–236
αὕτη δὲ ἀληθεύει ψευδομένη, καὶ μὴ βουλομένη. καλῶς γὰρ λέγει φάσκουσα μὴ αὐτῆς ἀκούειν, ἀλλὰ Χριστοῦ. πολλάκις γὰρ τὰ ἀκάθαρτα πνεύματα ἀναγκάζεται ἑαυτὰ καθαιρεῖν, <ὡς> οὐκ ὄντα τῆς ἀληθείας, καὶ ὑποφαίνειν τὸν κύριον αὐτῶν, θέλοντα καὶ μὴ θέλοντα, διʼ ἀνάγκην·
hautē de alētheuei pseudomenē, kai mē boulomenē. kalōs gar legei phaskousa mē autēs akouein, alla Christou. pollakis gar ta akatharta pneumata anankazetai heauta kathairein, <hōs> ouk onta tēs alētheias, kai hypophainein ton kyrion autōn, thelonta kai mē thelonta, diʼ anankēn;
Yet she tells the truth while lying, even without meaning to. For she speaks rightly when she says not to listen to her but to Christ. For often the unclean spirits are forced to condemn themselves, as not being of the truth, and to point to their Lord, willingly or unwillingly, under compulsion;
Notes and citation
Summary: Like unclean spirits, Maximilla unwillingly spoke the truth.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR slips (accent; φ for ψ).; Repeated word.): ἀληθεὺει φευδομένη → ἀληθεύει ψευδομένη; πνεύματα πνεύματα → πνεύματα.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.12.6 (Holl GCS 25/31:235–236; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-12-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.12.7Holl GCS 25/31:236
ὡς ἡ παιδίσκη ἡ ἔχουσα πνεῦμα Πύθωνος ἔλεγεν »οὗτοι οἱ ἄνθρωποι τοῦ θεοῦ δοῦλοι τοῦ ὑψίστου εἰσί«, καὶ τό »τί ἦλθες πρὸ καιροῦ βασανίσαι ἡμᾶς΄οἴδαμέν σε τίς εἶ, ὁ ἅγιος τοῦ θεοῦ«, οὕτως καὶ αὕτη ἀναγκαζομένη ἔλεγεν αὐτῆς μὴ ἀκούειν ἀλλὰ Χριστοῦ.
hōs hē paidiskē hē echousa pneuma Pythōnos elegen »houtoi hoi anthrōpoi tou theou douloi tou hypsistou eisi«, kai to »ti ēlthes pro kairou basanisai hēmas΄oidamen se tis ei, ho hagios tou theou«, houtōs kai hautē anankazomenē elegen autēs mē akouein alla Christou.
as the slave girl who had a spirit of Python said, “These men are servants of the Most High God,” and as it was said, “Why have you come before the time to torment us? We know who you are, the Holy One of God”; so she too, under compulsion, said not to listen to her but to Christ.
Acts 16:16 (allusion, high confidence) · Acts 16:17 (quotation, high confidence) · Matt 8:29 (quotation, high confidence) · Mark 1:24 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Maximilla's saying is like the forced confessions of demons.
- The second quotation combines Matt 8:29 and Mark 1:24.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR letter slip (ω for ν).): πωεῦμα → πνεῦμα.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.12.7 (Holl GCS 25/31:236; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-12-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.12.8Holl GCS 25/31:236
πῶς οὖν τοῦτο οἱ παρʼ αὐτῆς ἀκηκοότες και αὐτῇ πεπιστευκότες βούλονται αὐτῆς ἀκούειν, παρʼ αὐτῆς μαθόντες μή αὐτῆς ἀκούειν ἀλλὰ κυρίου; καὶ γὰρ ἀληθῶς ἐπίγεια φθεγγομένης αὐτῆς, εἰ παρῆν αὐτοῖς σύνεσις, οὐκ ἔδει αὐτὴν ἀκούεσθαι. καὶ μὴ λέγε ὅτι παρηκολούθει.
pōs oun touto hoi parʼ autēs akēkootes kai autę̄ pepisteukotes boulontai autēs akouein, parʼ autēs mathontes mē autēs akouein alla kyriou? kai gar alēthōs epigeia phthengomenēs autēs, ei parēn autois synesis, ouk edei autēn akouesthai. kai mē lege hoti parēkolouthei.
How then do those who heard this from her and believed her want to listen to her, when they learned from her not to listen to her but to the Lord? And indeed, since she was uttering earthly things, she ought not to have been listened to, if they had had understanding. And do not say that she was following what she said.
Notes and citation
Summary: Her followers contradict her own instruction by listening to her.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (Doubled letter.): ἀκούεινν → ἀκούειν.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.12.8 (Holl GCS 25/31:236; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-12-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.12.9Holl GCS 25/31:236
οὐ γὰρ παρακολουθοῦντός ἐστιν τὸ διδάσκειν καὶ ἑαυτὸν ἀνατρέπειν. εἰ γὰρ ὅλως λέγει »μὴ ἀκούετέ μου«, ποῖον ἦν τὸ πνεῦμα τὸ λαλοῦν ἐν αὐτῆ· εἰ γὰρ αὐτὴ ἔλεγεν ἧ ἄνθρωπος.
ou gar parakolouthountos estin to didaskein kai heauton anatrepein. ei gar holōs legei »mē akouete mou«, poion ēn to pneuma to laloun en autē; ei gar autē elegen hē anthrōpos.
For it is not the mark of one who follows what he says to teach and to overturn himself. For if she says outright, “Do not listen to me,” what kind of spirit was it that spoke in her? For if she herself was speaking as a human being,
Notes and citation
Summary: A self-contradicting prophet shows which spirit speaks in her.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.12.9 (Holl GCS 25/31:236; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-12-9). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.12.10Holl GCS 25/31:236
ἄρα οὐκ ἦν ἐν πνεύματι ἀγίῳ. ἡ γὰρ λέγουσα »μὴ ἀκούετέ μου «δῆλον ὅτι τὸ ἀνθρώπινον ἔλεγε καὶ οὐκ ἦν ἐν πνεύματι ἁγίῳ. εἰ δὲ μὴ οὖσα ἐν πνεύματι ἁγίῶ ἄνωθεν, οὖσα δὲ τοῦ ἀνθρωπίνου φρονήματος, ἀλλὰ ἀνθρωπίνῳ φρονήματι ἐλάλει καὶ ἐφθέγγετο.
ara ouk ēn en pneumati agiǭ. hē gar legousa »mē akouete mou «dēlon hoti to anthrōpinon elege kai ouk ēn en pneumati hagiǭ. ei de mē ousa en pneumati hagiō anōthen, ousa de tou anthrōpinou phronēmatos, alla anthrōpinǭ phronēmati elalei kai ephthengeto.
then she was not in the Holy Spirit. For she who says “Do not listen to me” was plainly speaking what is human, and was not in the Holy Spirit. And if she was not in the Holy Spirit from above, but belonged to human thinking, then she spoke and uttered with human thinking.
Notes and citation
Summary: If she spoke as a human being, she was not in the Holy Spirit.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.12.10 (Holl GCS 25/31:236; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-12-10). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.12.11Holl GCS 25/31:236
εἰ δὲ πνεύματι ἁγίῳ ἐλάλει καὶ ἐπροφήτευε, ποῖον ἦν ἄρα τὸ πνεῦμα τὸ ἅγιον τὸ λέγον »ἐμοῦ μὴ ἀκούετε;« καὶ πολλή ἐστι τῆς ἀπάτης ἡ τύφλωσις καὶ μέγας ἐστὶν ὁ τοῦ θεοῦ λόγος, ὁ κατὰ πάντα τρόπον ἡμὰς συνετίζων εἰς τὸ εἰδέναι ἡμᾶς ποῖς τὰ ἐκ τοῦ πνεύματος τοῦ ἁγίου λελαλημένα, πῆ μὲν ἐκ προσώπου πατρός, πῆ δὲ ἐκ προσώπου τοῦ υἱοῦ, πῆ δὲ ἐκ προσώπου τοῦ ἁγίου πνεύματος.
ei de pneumati hagiǭ elalei kai eprophēteue, poion ēn ara to pneuma to hagion to legon »emou mē akouete?« kai pollē esti tēs apatēs hē typhlōsis kai megas estin ho tou theou logos, ho kata panta tropon hēmas synetizōn eis to eidenai hēmas pois ta ek tou pneumatos tou hagiou lelalēmena, pē men ek prosōpou patros, pē de ek prosōpou tou huiou, pē de ek prosōpou tou hagiou pneumatos.
But if she spoke and prophesied by the Holy Spirit, what kind of holy spirit, then, was it that said, “Do not listen to me”? Great is the blindness of the deceit, and great is the word of God, which in every way gives us understanding, so that we may know which things were spoken by the Holy Spirit—at one point in the person of the Father, at another in the person of the Son, at another in the person of the Holy Spirit.
Notes and citation
Summary: The Holy Spirit speaks in Scripture in the persons of Father, Son, and Spirit, never against itself.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (Doubled letter.; OCR letter slip (ω for ν).; OCR slips (accent; doubled letter).): πνεὺμα τὸ ἅγιιον → πνεῦμα τὸ ἅγιον; ἐκκ τοῦ → ἐκ τοῦ; πωεύματος → πνεύματος.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.12.11 (Holl GCS 25/31:236; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-12-11). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.12.12Holl GCS 25/31:236
καὶ εἰ τὸ ἐν μαξιμίλλῃ πνεῦμα <πνεῦμα> ἅγιον ἦν, οὐκ ἀπηγόρευε τὰ ἴδια ῥήματα· »ἓν γὰρ ἐστι τὸ ἅγιον πνεῦμα, τὸ διαιροῦν ἑκάστῳ ὡς βούλεται«.
kai ei to en maximillę̄ pneuma <pneuma> hagion ēn, ouk apēgoreue ta idia rhēmata; »hen gar esti to hagion pneuma, to diairoun hekastǭ hōs bouletai«.
And if the spirit in Maximilla had been the Holy Spirit, it would not have forbidden its own words; “for the Holy Spirit is one, distributing to each as it wills.”
1 Cor 12:11 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The Holy Spirit would not disown its own words.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.12.12 (Holl GCS 25/31:236; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-12-12). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.12.13Holl GCS 25/31:236–237
εἰ δὲ ἔχει ἐξουσίαν διαιρεῖν ὡς βούλεται, λέγεται δὲ πνεῦμα γνώσεως καὶ πνεῦμα εὐσεβείας καὶ λέγεται πνεῦμα Χριστοῦ [εἶναι] καὶ πνεῦμα πατρός, τὸ ἐκ τοῦ πατρὸς ἐκπορευόμενον καὶ τοῦ υἱοῦ λαμβάνον, οὐκ ἀλλότριον πατρὸς καὶ υἱοῦ ὄν, ἄρα οὐκ ἐλεγε »μὴ ἀκούετέ μου«.
ei de echei exousian diairein hōs bouletai, legetai de pneuma gnōseōs kai pneuma eusebeias kai legetai pneuma Christou [einai] kai pneuma patros, to ek tou patros ekporeuomenon kai tou huiou lambanon, ouk allotrion patros kai huiou on, ara ouk elege »mē akouete mou«.
And if it has authority to distribute as it wills, and is called the Spirit of knowledge and the Spirit of godliness, and is called the Spirit of Christ and the Spirit of the Father, proceeding from the Father and receiving from the Son, not alien to Father and Son, then it would not have said, “Do not listen to me.”
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Isa 11:2 (allusion, high confidence) · Rom 8:9 (allusion, medium confidence) · Matt 10:20 (allusion, medium confidence) · John 15:26 (allusion, high confidence) · John 16:14 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The Spirit of the Father and the Son would not say 'Do not listen to me.'
- The editor deletes “to be” (εἶναι).
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (Stray letter.): εὐσεβνείας → εὐσεβείας.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.12.13 (Holl GCS 25/31:236–237; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-12-13). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.12.14Holl GCS 25/31:237
τὰ γὰρ Χριστοῦ τὸ πνεῦμα ἐλάλει καὶ ὁ Χριστὸς τὸ πνεῦμα ἀποστέλλει καὶ ε᾿ν πνεύματι ἁγίῳ ἐκβάλλει τὰ δαιμόνια, καὶ ὁ υἱὸς τὰ τοῦ πατρὸς λέγει καὶὁ πατὴρ τὸν υἱὸν ἡγίασε καὶ ἀπέστειλεν εἰς τὸν κόσμον, ἵνα γινώσκωσιν αὐτὸν καὶ δοξάσωσι, καθὼς δοξάζουσι τὸν πατέρα.
ta gar Christou to pneuma elalei kai ho Christos to pneuma apostellei kai e᾿n pneumati hagiǭ ekballei ta daimonia, kai ho huios ta tou patros legei kaio patēr ton huion hēgiase kai apesteilen eis ton kosmon, hina ginōskōsin auton kai doxasōsi, kathōs doxazousi ton patera.
For the Spirit spoke the things of Christ, and Christ sends the Spirit and casts out demons by the Holy Spirit; and the Son speaks the things of the Father, and the Father sanctified the Son and sent him into the world, that they may know him and glorify him as they glorify the Father.
John 16:14 (allusion, high confidence) · Matt 12:28 (allusion, high confidence) · John 10:36 (allusion, high confidence) · John 5:23 (allusion, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Father, Son, and Spirit act and speak in harmony.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR letter slip (θ for υ).): δοξάζοθσι → δοξάζουσι.
Topics: Trinity
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.12.14 (Holl GCS 25/31:237; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-12-14). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.12.15Holl GCS 25/31:237
καὶ διέπεσε κατὰ πά΄ντα τρόπον ἡ τῶν ἀπαλλοτριούντων ἑαυτοὺς διάνοια ἀπὸ τῆς τοῦ Χριστοῦ ἀκολουθίας.
kai diepese kata pa΄nta tropon hē tōn apallotriountōn heautous dianoia apo tēs tou Christou akolouthias.
And in every way the thinking of those who estrange themselves from following Christ has collapsed.
Notes and citation
Summary: Those who leave Christ's way are refuted.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.12.15 (Holl GCS 25/31:237; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-12-15). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 48, chapter 13
48.13.1Holl GCS 25/31:237
13. Φάσκει δὲ πάλιν ἡ αὐτὴ Μαξίμιλλα, ἡ τῆς παρακολουθίας γνῶσις καὶ διδασκαλία, ἵνα καὶ χλευαστικῶς εἴπω, ὅτι »ἀπέστειλέ με κύριος τούτου τοῦ πόνου καὶ τῆς συνθήκης καὶ τῆς ἐπαγγελίας αἱρετιστὴν μηνυτὴν ἑρμηνευτήν, ἡναγκασμένον, θέλοντα καὶ μὴ θέλοντα, γνωθεῖν γνῶσιν θεοῦ«.
13. Phaskei de palin hē autē Maximilla, hē tēs parakolouthias gnōsis kai didaskalia, hina kai chleuastikōs eipō, hoti »apesteile me kyrios toutou tou ponou kai tēs synthēkēs kai tēs epangelias hairetistēn mēnytēn hermēneutēn, hēnankasmenon, thelonta kai mē thelonta, gnōthein gnōsin theou«.
13. And again the same Maximilla—the very knowledge and teaching of “following what one says,” if I may put it mockingly—says, “The Lord sent me as partisan, revealer, and interpreter of this labor and covenant and promise, compelled, willing and unwilling, to learn the knowledge of God.”
Notes and citation
Summary: Maximilla claimed to be sent under compulsion to teach the knowledge of God.
- A Montanist oracle of Maximilla, as quoted by Epiphanius. “Following what one says” (παρακολουθία) is the Montanists' claim that their prophets kept their understanding; Epiphanius uses it ironically. The oracle's last words (γνωθεῖν γνῶσιν θεοῦ) are awkward Greek and are translated by sense.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (Joined words, dropped and doubled letters.; Stray letter.): πάλινἡ αὐὴ Μαξξίμιλλα → πάλιν ἡ αὐτὴ Μαξίμιλλα; θέλοντνα → θέλοντα.
Extrabiblical texts: Mont. Or. (Montanist oracles; quotation)
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.13.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:237; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-13-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.13.2Holl GCS 25/31:237
σκοπήσωμεν οὖν τῆς ἡμῶν ζωῆς τὴν εὐσταθῆ βα΄σιν καὶ τὴν ὁδὸν τοῦ φωτός, ὦ ἀγαπητοί, καὶ μὴ σφαλῶμεν διὰ τῶν λόγων τοῦ διʼ ἐναντίας καὶ τοῦ βοσκήματος τοῦ ἀλλοτρίου πνεύματος.
skopēsōmen oun tēs hēmōn zōēs tēn eustathē ba΄sin kai tēn hodon tou phōtos, ō agapētoi, kai mē sphalōmen dia tōn logōn tou diʼ enantias kai tou boskēmatos tou allotriou pneumatos.
Let us then consider, beloved, the steady footing of our life and the way of light, and let us not stumble through the words of the adversary and of the creature fed by the alien spirit.
Notes and citation
Summary: Believers should not be tripped up by the adversary's words.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR letter slip.; Stray letter.): ἀγαπητοίκ → ἀγαπητοί; λόγβν → λόγων.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.13.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:237; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-13-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.13.3Holl GCS 25/31:237–238
ὅρα γὰρ ἐνταῦθα τὸν οὕτω λαλήσαντα, ἡναγκασμένον ἑαυτὸν ἀποφήναντα, οὐχ ἑκουσίᾳ γνώμῃ. ὁ δὲ κύριος ἡμῶν οὐκ ἄκων ἦλθεν εἰς τὸν κόσμον οὐδὲ μετὰ ἀνάγκης ὑπὸ πατρὸς ἀπεστάλη, ἀλλὰ ἅμα σὺν πατρὶ ἔχων τὸ θέλειν καὶ σὺν ἁγίῳ πνεύματι τὸ παρέχειν·
hora gar entautha ton houtō lalēsanta, hēnankasmenon heauton apophēnanta, ouch hekousią gnōmę̄. ho de kyrios hēmōn ouk akōn ēlthen eis ton kosmon oude meta anankēs hypo patros apestalē, alla hama syn patri echōn to thelein kai syn hagiǭ pneumati to parechein;
For see here the one who spoke thus, declaring himself compelled, not acting by free will. But our Lord did not come into the world unwillingly, nor was he sent by the Father under compulsion; rather he has the willing together with the Father, and the bestowing together with the Holy Spirit;
Notes and citation
Summary: Christ came freely, not under compulsion, unlike the spirit in Maximilla.
- The speaker is referred to in the masculine, probably meaning the spirit speaking in Maximilla.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (Doubled letter; keyboard slip ([ for accent).; Keyboard slip ([ for accent).; OCR letter slip (χ for κ).): τ[ον οὕτω → τὸν οὕτω; ἡναγκασμένονν ἑαυτ[ον → ἡναγκασμένον ἑαυτὸν; ἄχων → ἄκων; τ[ο θέλειν → τὸ θέλειν.
Topics: Christology, Trinity
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.13.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:237–238; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-13-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.13.4Holl GCS 25/31:238
καὶ ὡς αὐτὸς ἅμα σὺν πατρὶ τὸ θέλειν ἔχει καὶ τὸ οὐχὶ μετὰ ἀνάγκης καὶ τὴν χάριν πὰσι διδόναι, ἀλλὰ διʼ ὑπερβολὴν φιλανθρωπίας, οὕτω καὶ οὓς ἐκάλεσε μετὰ προαιρε΄σεως κέκληκεν, οὐκ ἀνάγκην ἐπιβάλλων, οὐ κλοιὸν ἐπιτιθέμενος.
kai hōs autos hama syn patri to thelein echei kai to ouchi meta anankēs kai tēn charin pasi didonai, alla diʼ hyperbolēn philanthrōpias, houtō kai hous ekalese meta proaire΄seōs keklēken, ouk anankēn epiballōn, ou kloion epitithemenos.
and as he, together with the Father, has the willing—and gives grace to all, not under compulsion but out of the abundance of his love for mankind—so too those whom he called he called with their own free choice, imposing no compulsion, putting on no collar.
Notes and citation
Summary: Christ calls people freely, without compulsion.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.13.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:238; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-13-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.13.5Holl GCS 25/31:238
φάσκει γὰρ ὅτι »οἱ διψῶντες ἔλθατε πρὸς με« καὶ πάλιν »εἴ τις θέλει ἔρχεσθαι πρὸς με, ἀρνησάσθω ἑαυτὸν καὶ ἀκολουθείτω μοι« καὶ διὰ Ἠσαΐου τὸ αὐτὸ φθεγγόμενος ἔλεγεν »ἐὰν θέλητε καὶ εἰσακούσητέ μου« καὶ ὕστερον, ἵνα δείξῃ ὁ προφήτης [ὅτι] τὶς ἐστιν ὁ λέγων, ἔφη »τὸ γὰρ στόμα κυρίου ἐλάλησε ταῦτα«.
phaskei gar hoti »hoi dipsōntes elthate pros me« kai palin »ei tis thelei erchesthai pros me, arnēsasthō heauton kai akoloutheitō moi« kai dia Ēsaïou to auto phthengomenos elegen »ean thelēte kai eisakousēte mou« kai hysteron, hina deixę̄ ho prophētēs [hoti] tis estin ho legōn, ephē »to gar stoma kyriou elalēse tauta«.
For he says, “You who thirst, come to me,” and again, “If anyone wishes to come to me, let him deny himself and follow me”; and saying the same through Isaiah, he said, “If you are willing and listen to me”; and afterwards, so that the prophet might show who it is who speaks, he said, “For the mouth of the Lord has spoken these things.”
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
John 7:37 (quotation, medium confidence) · Isa 55:1 (allusion, medium confidence) · Matt 16:24 (quotation, high confidence) · Isa 1:19 (quotation, high confidence) · Isa 1:20 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Scripture's invitations show that God calls the willing.
- The first saying combines John 7:37 with Isa 55:1. The editor deletes “that” (ὅτι).
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (Doubled letter.; OCR letter slip (ξ for φ).; OCR letter slip.): ἑαυτὸνν → ἑαυτὸν; φθργγόμενος → φθεγγόμενος; προξήτης → προφήτης.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.13.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:238; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-13-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.13.6Holl GCS 25/31:238
καὶ ὁρᾷς κατὰ πάντα τρόπον τὴν πρὸς τὸ θεῖον γράμμα τούτων διαφωνίάν καὶ τὴν ἀλλοίαν ὑπόνοιάν τε καὶ ὑπόληψιν παρὰ τὴ τοῦ θεοῦ πίστιν καὶ ἀκολουθίαν;
kai horąs kata panta tropon tēn pros to theion gramma toutōn diaphōnian kai tēn alloian hyponoian te kai hypolēpsin para tē tou theou pistin kai akolouthian?
And do you see in every way their disagreement with the divine writing, and their different notion and conception, contrary to the faith and teaching of God?
Notes and citation
Summary: The Montanists disagree with Scripture at every point.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.13.6 (Holl GCS 25/31:238; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-13-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.13.7Holl GCS 25/31:238
καὶ γὰρ καὶ Μαξίμιλλα τοὺς θέλοντας καὶ μὴ θέλοντας ἔλεγεν ἀναγκάζειν, ὡς καὶ ἐξ αὐτοῦ τοῦ ῥητοῦ ψεύσεται ἡ τοιαύτη. οὔτε γὰρ θέλοντας ἐδίδαξε γνῶσιν θεοῦ, ἣν οὐκ ᾔδει οὐδὲ τοὺς μὴ θέλοντας ἠνάγκασεν.
kai gar kai Maximilla tous thelontas kai mē thelontas elegen anankazein, hōs kai ex autou tou rhētou pseusetai hē toiautē. oute gar thelontas edidaxe gnōsin theou, hēn ouk ę̄dei oude tous mē thelontas ēnankasen.
For Maximilla too said that the willing and the unwilling were compelled, so that from the very saying such a woman will be shown to be a liar. For she neither taught the willing the knowledge of God, which she did not know, nor compelled the unwilling.
Notes and citation
Summary: Maximilla's claim to compel all to know God is shown false.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (Stray letter.; Stray question mark in the digital text.): θέλοντνας → θέλοντας; θεοῦ? ἣν → θεοῦ, ἣν.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.13.7 (Holl GCS 25/31:238; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-13-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.13.8Holl GCS 25/31:238
αὐτίκα <γοῦν> οὐ πάντες οἱ ἐν τῷ κόσμῳ οἴδασι τί ἔστιν ὄνομα Μαξιμίλλης οὐδὲ τῶν αὐτῆς λόγων τὸ παράφθεγμα. και κατὰ πάντα τρόπον διέπεσεν ἡ τούτων πεπλανημένη ἐπίνοια, οὐκ οὖσα τῆς τοῦ θεοῦ ἀληθείας.
autika <goun> ou pantes hoi en tǭ kosmǭ oidasi ti estin onoma Maximillēs oude tōn autēs logōn to paraphthegma. kai kata panta tropon diepesen hē toutōn peplanēmenē epinoia, ouk ousa tēs tou theou alētheias.
Indeed, not everyone in the world knows what the name Maximilla is, nor the babble of her words. And in every way their deluded notion has collapsed, since it is not of God's truth.
Notes and citation
Summary: Most of the world has never heard of Maximilla.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.13.8 (Holl GCS 25/31:238; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-13-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 48, chapter 14
48.14.1Holl GCS 25/31:238–239
14. Tιμῶσι δὲ οἱ τοιοῦτοι καὶ τόπον τινὰ ἔρημον ἐν τῇ Φρυγίᾳ, Πέπουζάν ποτε καλουμένην πόλιν, νῦν δὲ ἠδαφισμένην, καί φασιν ἐκεῖσε κατιέναι τὴν ἄνωθεν Ἱερουσαλήμ.
14. Timōsi de hoi toioutoi kai topon tina erēmon en tę̄ Phrygią, Pepouzan pote kaloumenēn polin, nyn de ēdaphismenēn, kai phasin ekeise katienai tēn anōthen Hierousalēm.
14. These people also honor a deserted place in Phrygia, once a city called Pepuza but now razed to the ground, and they say that the Jerusalem from above comes down there.
Gal 4:26 (allusion, medium confidence) · Rev 21:2 (allusion, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The Montanists revere Pepuza, where they expect the heavenly Jerusalem to descend.
Topics: Heresy, Eschatology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.14.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:238–239; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-14-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.14.2Holl GCS 25/31:239
ὅθεν ἐκεῖ ἀπερχόμενοι μυστήριά τινα ἐπιτελοῦσιν ἐν τῷ τόπῳ καὶ ἁγιάζουσιν <ἑαυτούς>, ὡς ὑπολαμβάνουσιν. ἔστι γὰρ καὶ τὸ γένος ἐν τῇ Καππαδοκίᾳ καὶ Γαλατίᾳ καὶ ἐν τῇ προειρημένῃ Φρυγίᾳ, ὅθεν κατὰ Φρύγας ἡ αἵρεσις καλεῖται· ἀλλὰ καὶ ἐν Κιλικίᾳ καὶ ἐν Κωνσταντινουπόλει τὸ πλεῖστον.
hothen ekei aperchomenoi mystēria tina epitelousin en tǭ topǭ kai hagiazousin <heautous>, hōs hypolambanousin. esti gar kai to genos en tę̄ Kappadokią kai Galatią kai en tę̄ proeirēmenę̄ Phrygią, hothen kata Phrygas hē hairesis kaleitai; alla kai en Kilikią kai en Kōnstantinoupolei to pleiston.
So they go there and perform certain mysteries at the place and sanctify themselves, as they suppose. For the sect is found in Cappadocia and Galatia and in the Phrygia already mentioned, from which the heresy is called “of the Phrygians”; but also in Cilicia, and most of all in Constantinople.
Notes and citation
Summary: Montanist rites at Pepuza and the spread of the sect.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.14.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:239; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-14-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.14.3Holl GCS 25/31:239
Ἵνα δὲ μηδὲν καταλείψωμεν τῶν πρὸς ὄνομα ἑκάστης αἱρέσεως ὑφ´ ἡμῶν προδεδηλωμένης, καὶ περὶ τοῦ Τασκοδρουγιτῶν ὀνόματος αὖθις ἐροῦμεν· ἔστι γὰρ τὸ ὄνομα τοῦτο ἢ ἐν αὐτῇ ταύτῃ ἢ ἐν τῇ μετ´ αὐτὴν τῶν Κυϊντιλλιανῶν καλουμένῃ· ἀπ´ αὐτῶν γὰρ τούτων ὁρμᾶται καὶ τοῦτο τὸ ὄνομα.
Hina de mēden kataleipsōmen tōn pros onoma hekastēs haireseōs hyph´ hēmōn prodedēlōmenēs, kai peri tou Taskodrougitōn onomatos authis eroumen; esti gar to onoma touto ē en autę̄ tautę̄ ē en tę̄ met´ autēn tōn Kyïntillianōn kaloumenę̄; ap´ autōn gar toutōn hormatai kai touto to onoma.
So that we may leave out nothing concerning the name of each heresy we have already set out, we shall also speak in turn about the name “Tascodrugites.” For this name belongs either to this very heresy or to the one after it, called the Quintillians; for this name too arises from these same people.
Notes and citation
Summary: Epiphanius introduces the name Tascodrugites.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.14.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:239; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-14-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.14.4Holl GCS 25/31:239
καλοῦνται δὲ διὰ τοιαύτην αἰτίαν Τασκοδρουγῖται· τασκὸς παρ´ αὐτοῖς πάσσαλος καλεῖται, δροῦγγος δὲ μυκτὴρ εἴτ´ οὖν ῥύγχος καλεῖται, καὶ ἀπὸ τοῦ τιθέναι ἑαυτῶν τὸν δάκτυλον τὸν λεγόμενον λιχανὸν ἐπὶ τὸν μυκτῆρα ἐν τῷ εὔχεσθαι, δῆθεν κατηφείας χάριν καὶ ἐθελοδικαιοσύνης, ἐκλήθησαν ὑπό τινων Τασκοδρουγῖται τουτέστιν πασσαλορυγχῖται.
kalountai de dia toiautēn aitian Taskodrougitai; taskos par´ autois passalos kaleitai, droungos de myktēr eit´ oun rhynchos kaleitai, kai apo tou tithenai heautōn ton daktylon ton legomenon lichanon epi ton myktēra en tǭ euchesthai, dēthen katēpheias charin kai ethelodikaiosynēs, eklēthēsan hypo tinōn Taskodrougitai toutestin passalorynchitai.
They are called Tascodrugites for this reason: among them a peg is called taskos, and a nostril or snout is called droungos; and from their putting the finger called the forefinger on their nose when they pray, supposedly out of dejection and self-made righteousness, they were called Tascodrugites by some, that is, “peg-noses.”
Notes and citation
Summary: The name Tascodrugites comes from a gesture used in prayer.
- Epiphanius explains the words as Phrygian (Galatian) terms.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.14.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:239; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-14-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.14.5Holl GCS 25/31:239–240
ἐν ταύτῃ δὲ τῇ αἱρέσει ἢ ἐν τῇ συζύγῳ αὐτῆς τῇ τῶν Κυϊντιλλιανῶν εἴτʼ οὖν Πρισκιλλια- νῶν καὶ Πεπουζιανῶν καλουμένῃ, δεινόν τι καὶ ἀθέμιτον ἔργον φασὶ γίνεσθαι.
en tautę̄ de tę̄ hairesei ē en tę̄ syzygǭ autēs tę̄ tōn Kyïntillianōn eitʼ oun Priskillia- nōn kai Pepouzianōn kaloumenę̄, deinon ti kai athemiton ergon phasi ginesthai.
And in this heresy, or in its partner, the one called the Quintillians or Priscillians and Pepuzians, they say a terrible and unlawful deed is done.
Notes and citation
Summary: Epiphanius reports a rumored crime among the Montanists or Quintillians.
- Epiphanius gives this as hearsay (“they say”).
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR letter slip (ο for υ).): συζόγῳ → συζύγῳ.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.14.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:239–240; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-14-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
48.14.6Holl GCS 25/31:240
παῖδα γὰρ κομιδῆ νήπιον ὄντα κατὰ ἑορτήν τινα διʼ ὅλου τοῦ σώματος κατακεντῶντες χαλκαῖς ῥαφίσι τὸ αἷμα αὐτοῦ προσπορίζονται ἑαυτοῖς, εἰς ἐπιτήδευσιν δῆθεν θυσίας.
paida gar komidē nēpion onta kata heortēn tina diʼ holou tou sōmatos katakentōntes chalkais rhaphisi to haima autou prosporizontai heautois, eis epitēdeusin dēthen thysias.
For at a certain festival they pierce a child who is still quite an infant all over its body with bronze needles, and obtain its blood for themselves, supposedly for the performance of a sacrifice.
Notes and citation
Summary: The rumored crime: drawing a child's blood with needles for a rite.
- A hostile report, which Epiphanius introduces as hearsay; it is translated as written. Charges of this kind were made against several groups, and earlier against Christians generally.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 48.14.6 (Holl GCS 25/31:240; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/48-3-1/#p-48-14-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.