Panarion (Medicine Chest Against Heresies), Haer. 1-64 64.17.1–64.26.9
Greek text: Holl, GCS 25/31 (Greek text: Karl Holl, ed., Epiphanius, Bände 1-2 (GCS 25, 1915, and GCS 31, 1922, Leipzig: Hinrichs), digitized by the First Thousand Years of Greek project (Open Greek and Latin), CC BY-SA 4.0. The digitized file's own metadata describes it as spanning Holl's volumes 1-3 (1915-1933), but its text in fact ends at Haer. 64 (confirmed: the last division is Haer. 64, on Origen, matching the end of GCS 31); Holl's third volume (GCS 37, 1933) is not present in this digital text.).English: Claude (claude-opus-5-5), public domain (CC0).
Haer. 64, chapter 17
64.17.1Holl GCS 25/31:427
17. Ἅ μὲν οὖν Ὠριγένης εἰς τὴν περὶ τῆς ἀναστάσεως ἐγχειρῶν πραγματείαν ἐσπούδασε, ποικιλωτάτην ἐπιδεικνύμενος θεωρίαν, τοσαῦτα ὡς ἐν ἐπιτομῇ· ἐνθυμοῦ δὲ καὶ τὰ τούτοις ἀκόλουθα ἐφεξῆς.
17. Ha men oun Ōrigenēs eis tēn peri tēs anastaseōs encheirōn pragmateian espoudase, poikilōtatēn epideiknymenos theōrian, tosauta hōs en epitomę̄; enthymou de kai ta toutois akoloutha ephexēs.
“This, then, in summary, is what Origen was eager to establish when he undertook his treatise on the resurrection, displaying a most varied theory; consider also what follows from it next.
Notes and citation
Summary: Proclus summarizes Origen’s view.
- Methodius, On the Resurrection, quoted by Epiphanius (speaker: Proclus).
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Topics: Eschatology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.17.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:427; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-17-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.17.2Holl GCS 25/31:427
λείπεται γὰρ τὰς ἀπὸ τῶν γραφῶν ἔτι πρὸς τοῖς εἰρημένοις μαρτυρίας παραλαβεῖν, ἵνʼ ὥσπερ ἀνδριὰς πάντα τὰ μέρη συμμέτρως < ἔχουσα, οὕτως > ὁ λόγος οὗ- τος <συμμετρίαν > λαβὼν ὅλος ἐκ πλήρους ᾖ κατεσκευασμένος, ἀλλὰ] μηδὲν ἔχων ἐνδεὲς τῶν εἰς σχῆμα καὶ κάλλος συναγομένων.
leipetai gar tas apo tōn graphōn eti pros tois eirēmenois martyrias paralabein, hinʼ hōsper andrias panta ta merē symmetrōs < echousa, houtōs > ho logos hou- tos <symmetrian > labōn holos ek plērous ę̄ kateskeuasmenos, alla] mēden echōn endees tōn eis schēma kai kallos synagomenōn.
For it remains to take the testimonies from the Scriptures in addition to what has been said, so that, like a statue having all its parts in proportion, this argument too may take proportion and be completely constructed as a whole, lacking nothing that goes to make up its shape and beauty.
Notes and citation
Summary: Scriptural testimonies will complete the argument.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius (speaker: Proclus). A stray bracket in the digital text is ignored.
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.17.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:427; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-17-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.17.3Holl GCS 25/31:427
τί οὖν αἱ γραφαὶ συνᾴδουσι τούτοις, ἐπικρατύνουσαι πρὸς συμπλήρωσιν διαγωγῆς κρείττονος τὸν ἄνθρωπον, φραστέον. ταῦτα γὰρ ἐάν τις οἷός τε ᾖ, μὴ παρακόπτων τοῦ δέοντος, ἀκριβῶς νοεῖν, εἴσεται τὴν ἀνάστασιν ἐπὶ τούτου μὴ χρῆναι παραλαμβάνεσθαι τοῦ σώματος, ἄτε ἀδυνατοῦντος ἀτρέπτου διʼ αἰῶνος μένειν, ἀλλὰ ἐπὶ τοῦ πνευματικοῦ, ἐν ᾧ αὐτὸς ὁ καὶ νῦν ἐν τούτῳ διασῳζό- | μενος χαρακτὴρ τηρηθήσεται, ἵνʼ ἕκαστος ἡμῶν καὶ κατὰ τὴν μορφὴν ὁ αὐτὸς ᾗ, παθάπερ ἐλέχθη καὶ Ὠριγένει.
ti oun hai graphai synądousi toutois, epikratynousai pros symplērōsin diagōgēs kreittonos ton anthrōpon, phrasteon. tauta gar ean tis hoios te ę̄, mē parakoptōn tou deontos, akribōs noein, eisetai tēn anastasin epi toutou mē chrēnai paralambanesthai tou sōmatos, ate adynatountos atreptou diʼ aiōnos menein, alla epi tou pneumatikou, en hǭ autos ho kai nyn en toutǭ diasǭzo- | menos charaktēr tērēthēsetai, hinʼ hekastos hēmōn kai kata tēn morphēn ho autos hę̄, pathaper elechthē kai Ōrigenei.
We must say, then, how the Scriptures agree with these things, strengthening man for the completion of a better way of life. If anyone can understand these things precisely without missing what is needed, he will know that the resurrection is not to be taken of this body, since it cannot remain unchanged for ever, but of the spiritual body, in which the very character preserved now in this one will be kept, so that each of us may be the same also in form, as Origen too said.
Notes and citation
Summary: Proclus: the resurrection is of a spiritual body keeping the same form.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius (speaker: Proclus).
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Topics: Eschatology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.17.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:427; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-17-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.17.4Holl GCS 25/31:427–428
οὕτω γὰρ ἐκεῖνος ἔσεσθαι τί- θεται τὴν ἀνάστασιν. ῥευστοῦ γὰρ ὄντος τοῦ σώματος τοῦ ὑλικοῦ καὶ μηδέποτε μένοντος ἐφʼ ἑαυτῷ κἂν τὸ βραχύ, ἀλλὰ προσγι<γ> νομένου καὶ νομένου περὶ τὸ εἶδος τὸ χαρακτηρίζον τὸν ἄνθρωπον, ὑφʼ οὗ καὶ συγκρα- τεῖται τὸ σχῆμα, ἀνάγκή, φησί, τὴν ἀναστασιν ἐπὶ μόνου τοῦ εἴδους φῴζεσθαι δεῖν προσδοκᾶν.
houtō gar ekeinos esesthai ti- thetai tēn anastasin. rheustou gar ontos tou sōmatos tou hylikou kai mēdepote menontos ephʼ heautǭ kan to brachy, alla prosgi<g> nomenou kai nomenou peri to eidos to charaktērizon ton anthrōpon, hyphʼ hou kai synkra- teitai to schēma, anankē, phēsi, tēn anastasin epi monou tou eidous phǭzesthai dein prosdokan.
For this is how he supposes the resurrection will be. Since the material body is flowing and never remains the same even for a short time, but comes and goes around the form that characterizes the man, by which the shape is held together, it is necessary, he says, to expect the resurrection to be preserved in the form alone.
Notes and citation
Summary: Only the form will be preserved.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius (speaker: Proclus).
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Topics: Eschatology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.17.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:427–428; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-17-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.17.5Holl GCS 25/31:428
καὶ ἵνα μὴ εἴπῃς ὅτι οὐ μανθάνω· σκοτεινῶς ἐκεῖνος γὰρ τοῦτο διέλαβεν, ἐγὼ δέ σοι σαφέστερον ὧδε τὸν νοῦν τούτων ἐξηγήσομαι.
kai hina mē eipę̄s hoti ou manthanō; skoteinōs ekeinos gar touto dielaben, egō de soi saphesteron hōde ton noun toutōn exēgēsomai.
And so that you may not say, ‘I do not understand’ — for he treated this obscurely — I will explain their meaning to you more clearly, as follows.
Notes and citation
Summary: Proclus will clarify Origen.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius (speaker: Proclus).
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.17.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:428; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-17-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.17.6Holl GCS 25/31:428
ἤδη γὰρ πάντως ἑώρακας δέρμα αῴου η ἄλλο τι τοιοῦτο γεμισθὲν ὕδατος, ὅπως ἐὰν πρὸς ὀλίγον κενούμενον πρὸς ὀλίγον πληροῖτο, ἀεὶ τὸ εἶδος τὸ αὐτὸ δείκνυσιν. οὗον γὰρ ἂν ᾖ τὸ περιέχον, ἀνάγκη πρὸς κὐτὸ καὶ τὸ ἐντὸς σχηματίζεσθαι.
ēdē gar pantōs heōrakas derma aǭou ē allo ti toiouto gemisthen hydatos, hopōs ean pros oligon kenoumenon pros oligon plēroito, aei to eidos to auto deiknysin. houon gar an ę̄ to periechon, anankē pros kyto kai to entos schēmatizesthai.
You have surely seen an animal skin or some other such thing filled with water, how, if it is emptied a little and filled a little, it always shows the same form. For whatever the container is like, the contents must take their shape from it.
Notes and citation
Summary: A waterskin keeps its shape as water flows.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius (speaker: Proclus).
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Topics: Eschatology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.17.6 (Holl GCS 25/31:428; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-17-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.17.7Holl GCS 25/31:428
φέρε γὰρ ὑπεκρέοντος τοῦ ὕδατος, εἴ τις προσβάλλοι τοσοῦτον ὅσον ἐκχεῖται, μὴ ἐῶν τὸν ἀσκὸν ἀθρόως κενωθῆναι τοῦ ὕδατος, εἰ μὴ τοιοῦτο ἀνάγκη φαίνεσθαι τὸ προστιθέμενον οἷον καὶ τὸ πρότερον, διὰ τὸ εἶναι καὶ τὸ περιέχον τὸ αὐτὸ περὶ ὅ εἰσρεῖ καὶ ἀπορρεὶ τὸ ὕδωρ.
phere gar hypekreontos tou hydatos, ei tis prosballoi tosouton hoson ekcheitai, mē eōn ton askon athroōs kenōthēnai tou hydatos, ei mē toiouto anankē phainesthai to prostithemenon hoion kai to proteron, dia to einai kai to periechon to auto peri ho eisrei kai aporrei to hydōr.
Suppose, as the water flows out, someone adds as much as is poured out, not letting the skin be emptied all at once: must not what is added appear such as what was there before, because the container around which the water flows in and out is the same?
Notes and citation
Summary: Added water takes the same shape.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius (speaker: Proclus).
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Topics: Eschatology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.17.7 (Holl GCS 25/31:428; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-17-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.17.8Holl GCS 25/31:428
καὶ δὴ καὶ τὸ σῶμα τούτοις ὁ ἐθέλων ἀπεικάζειν οὐκ αἰδεσθήσεται. ὡσαύτως γὰρ καὶ τὰ ἀπὸ τῆς τροφῆς ἀντεισαγόμενα ἀντὶ τῶν ὑπεξεωθεισῶν σαρκῶν εἰς τὸ σχῆμα τοῦ περιέχοντος εἴδους μεταβαλοῦνται, καὶ ὁπόσον μὲν ἂν κατὰ τοὺς ὀφθαλμοὺς διαχυθῆ, τοῖς ἐφθαλμοῖς ἔοικεν, ὁπόσον δὲ κατὰ τὸ πρόσωτον, τῷ προσώπῳ, ὁπόσον δὲ κατὰ τὰ ἕτερα, τούτοις· ὥστε τὸν αὐτὸν ἕκαστον φαίνεσθαι, οὐκ οὐσῶν τῶν σαρκῶν ἐν αὐτῷ τῶν πρῶτον ὑποκειμένων, ἀλλὰ τοῦ εἴδους, καθʼ ὃ εἰδοποιοῦνται τὰ προσγιγνόμενα.
kai dē kai to sōma toutois ho ethelōn apeikazein ouk aidesthēsetai. hōsautōs gar kai ta apo tēs trophēs anteisagomena anti tōn hypexeōtheisōn sarkōn eis to schēma tou periechontos eidous metabalountai, kai hoposon men an kata tous ophthalmous diachythē, tois ephthalmois eoiken, hoposon de kata to prosōton, tǭ prosōpǭ, hoposon de kata ta hetera, toutois; hōste ton auton hekaston phainesthai, ouk ousōn tōn sarkōn en autǭ tōn prōton hypokeimenōn, alla tou eidous, kathʼ ho eidopoiountai ta prosgignomena.
And whoever wishes to liken the body to these will not be ashamed. For likewise what is brought in from food in place of the flesh expelled is changed into the shape of the containing form: as much as is spread to the eyes resembles the eyes, as much as to the face, the face, as much as to the other parts, those; so that each appears the same, not because the flesh first underlying is in him, but because of the form by which what is added is given form.
Notes and citation
Summary: Food takes the shape of the body’s form.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius (speaker: Proclus).
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Topics: Eschatology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.17.8 (Holl GCS 25/31:428; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-17-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.17.9Holl GCS 25/31:428
καὶ τοίνυν εἰ μή ἐσμεν οἱ αὐτοὶ κἂν ἐπʼ ὀλίγας ἡμέρας τῷ σώματι, ἀλλὰ τῷ εἴδει τῷ ἐν τῷ σώματι τοῦτο γὰρ μόνον ἕστηκεν ἀπὸ γενέσεως), πολλῷ μᾶλλον οὐδὲ τότε οἱ αὐτοὶ κατὰ τὴν αὐτὴν σάρκα ἐσόμεθα, ἀλλὰ κατὰ τὸ εἶδος τὸ καὶ νῦν > ἀεὶ δικσῳζόμενον ἐν ἡμῖν καὶ μένον. ὃ γὰρ ἐκεῖ τὸ δέρμα, τοῦτο τὸ εἶδος ἐνθάδε· ὃ δὲ ἐκεῖ τὸ ὑδωρ ἐπὶ τῆς εἰκόνς, τοῦτο ἐνταῦθα τὸ προσγιγνόμενον καὶ ἀπογιγνόμενον.
kai toinyn ei mē esmen hoi autoi kan epʼ oligas hēmeras tǭ sōmati, alla tǭ eidei tǭ en tǭ sōmati touto gar monon hestēken apo geneseōs), pollǭ mallon oude tote hoi autoi kata tēn autēn sarka esometha, alla kata to eidos to kai nyn > aei diksǭzomenon en hēmin kai menon. ho gar ekei to derma, touto to eidos enthade; ho de ekei to hydōr epi tēs eikons, touto entautha to prosgignomenon kai apogignomenon.
So if we are not the same even for a few days in body, but in the form in the body (for this alone has remained from birth), much more shall we not then be the same in the same flesh, but in the form which even now is always preserved in us and remains. For what the skin is there, the form is here; and what the water is in the image, here is what comes and goes.
Notes and citation
Summary: Identity lies in the form, not the flesh.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius (speaker: Proclus).
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Topics: Eschatology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.17.9 (Holl GCS 25/31:428; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-17-9). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.17.10Holl GCS 25/31:428–429
ὥσπερ οὖν νῦν τοῦ σώματος οὐκ ὄντος τοῦ καὶ τότε οὐκ ὄντος τοῦ σώματος τοῦ αὐτοῦ εἰς τὸ ἐνδοξότερον τὸ εἶδος αὐξηθὲν οὐκέτι ἐν φθαρτῷ, ἀλλʼ ἐν ἀπαθεῖ καὶ πνευματικῷ δειχθήσεται σώματι, ὥσπερ οἷον τὸ Ἰησοῦ κατὰ τὴν μεταμόρφωσιν ἦν, ὅτε εἰς τὸ ὄρος ἀνέβη μετὰ Πέτρου, καὶ τὸ Μωυσέως καὶ τὸ Ἠλίου τῶν ὀφθέντων αυτω.
hōsper oun nyn tou sōmatos ouk ontos tou kai tote ouk ontos tou sōmatos tou autou eis to endoxoteron to eidos auxēthen ouketi en phthartǭ, allʼ en apathei kai pneumatikǭ deichthēsetai sōmati, hōsper hoion to Iēsou kata tēn metamorphōsin ēn, hote eis to oros anebē meta Petrou, kai to Mōyseōs kai to Ēliou tōn ophthentōn autō.
So as now the body is not the same, then too, the body not being the same, the form, increased to greater glory, will be shown no longer in a corruptible but in an impassible and spiritual body, as that of Jesus was at the transfiguration, when he went up the mountain with Peter, and those of Moses and Elijah who appeared to him.
Matt 17:1 (allusion, high confidence) · Matt 17:3 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The form will be glorified as at the transfiguration.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius (speaker: Proclus).
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Topics: Eschatology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.17.10 (Holl GCS 25/31:428–429; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-17-10). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 64, chapter 18
64.18.1Holl GCS 25/31:429
18. Καὶ ταῦτα μὲν οῦν μέχρι τοσούτου διεσκέφθω· οὗτος γὰρ ὡς ἐν κεφαλαίῳ τῶν Ὠριγένους δογματισμῶν ὁ νοκῦς.
18. Kai tauta men oun mechri tosoutou dieskephthō; houtos gar hōs en kephalaiǭ tōn Ōrigenous dogmatismōn ho nokys.
Let these things be considered thus far; for this, in summary, is the sense of Origen’s doctrines.
Notes and citation
Summary: Proclus ends his summary of Origen.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius (speaker: Proclus).
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.18.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:429; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-18-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.18.2Holl GCS 25/31:429
ἐὰν δέ τις τῶν ἀμφισβητούντων προβαλλόμενος τὸ σῶμα τοῦ Χριστοῦ, διὰ τὸ »πρωτότοκον τῶν νεκρῶν« καὶ »ἀπαρχὴν« αὐτὸν εἰρῆσθαι »τῶν κεκοιμημένων«, λέγοι ὅτι καθάπερ ἐκεῖνος ἀνέστη, καὶ τὰ πάντων > ὡσαύτως ἐκείνῳ δεῖν προσδοκᾶν ἀναστήσεσθαι, ἵνα ὥσπερ Χριστὸς ἐγήγερται, »οὕτως ὁ θεὸς τοὺς κοιμηθέντας διὰ τοῦ Ἰησοῦ ἄξει σὺν αὐτῷ«, ἐγήγερται δὲ τὸ τοῦ Ἰησοῦ >, καὶ τὰς σάρκας ἔχον ἃς εἶχε καὶ τὰ ὀστᾶ, καθάπερ ἐπείσθη καὶ Θωμᾶς, λέξομεν·
ean de tis tōn amphisbētountōn proballomenos to sōma tou Christou, dia to »prōtotokon tōn nekrōn« kai »aparchēn« auton eirēsthai »tōn kekoimēmenōn«, legoi hoti kathaper ekeinos anestē, kai ta pantōn > hōsautōs ekeinǭ dein prosdokan anastēsesthai, hina hōsper Christos egēgertai, »houtōs ho theos tous koimēthentas dia tou Iēsou axei syn autǭ«, egēgertai de to tou Iēsou >, kai tas sarkas echon has eiche kai ta osta, kathaper epeisthē kai Thōmas, lexomen;
But if one of those who dispute puts forward the body of Christ, because he is called ‘firstborn from the dead’ and ‘firstfruits of those who have fallen asleep,’ and says that as he rose, so we must expect everyone’s body to rise like his, so that as Christ has been raised, ‘so God will bring with him those who have fallen asleep through Jesus,’ and Jesus’ body was raised having the flesh and bones it had, as Thomas too was convinced, we will say:
Col 1:18 (quotation, high confidence) · 1 Cor 15:20 (quotation, high confidence) · 1 Thess 4:14 (quotation, high confidence) · John 20:27 (allusion, high confidence) · Luke 24:39 (allusion, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: An objection from Christ’s bodily resurrection is raised.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius (speaker: Proclus).
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Topics: Eschatology, Christology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.18.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:429; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-18-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.18.3Holl GCS 25/31:429
ἀλλὰ τὸ τοῦ Χριστοῦ σῶμα οὐκ ἦν »ἐκ θελήματο ἀνδρός«, »ἡδονῆς ὕπνῳ συνελθούσης«, »ἐν ἀνομίαις συλληφθὲν καἰ κισσηθὲν ἐν ἁμαρτίας«, ἀλλὰ »ἐκ πνεύματος ἁγίου καὶ δυνάμεως ὑψίστου καἰ παρθένου«, τὸ δὲ σὸν ὕπνος ἐστὶ καὶ ἡδονὴ καὶ ῥύπος.
alla to tou Christou sōma ouk ēn »ek thelēmato andros«, »hēdonēs hypnǭ synelthousēs«, »en anomiais syllēphthen kai kissēthen en hamartias«, alla »ek pneumatos hagiou kai dynameōs hypsistou kai parthenou«, to de son hypnos esti kai hēdonē kai rhypos.
but the body of Christ was not ‘of the will of a man,’ ‘with pleasure coming together with sleep,’ ‘conceived in iniquities and brought forth in sins,’ but ‘of the Holy Spirit and the power of the Most High and a virgin’; but yours is sleep and pleasure and filth.
John 1:13 (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 51:5 (50:7 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Luke 1:35 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Proclus: Christ’s body differs from ours in origin.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius (speaker: Proclus). “With pleasure coming together with sleep” is Wis 7:2.
Extrabiblical texts: Wis 7:2 (Wisdom of Solomon [in RC, EO, ETH canons]; quotation); Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Topics: Christology, Eschatology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.18.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:429; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-18-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.18.4Holl GCS 25/31:429–430
καὶ διὰ τοῦτο καὶ ὁ σοφὸς Σειράχ »ἐν γὰρ τῷ ἀποθνῄσκειν ἄνθρωπον< κληρονομήσει ἑρπετὰ καἰ κηρία καὶ σκώληκας«, καὶ <Δαυʼδ > ἐν ὀγδοηκοστῷ ἑβδόμῳ ψαλμῷ »μὴ τοῖς νεκροῖς ποιήσεις θαυμάσια ἢ ἰατροὶ ἀναστήσουσι καὶ ἐξομολγήσονταί σοι; μὴ διηγήσεταί τις ἐν τάφῳ τὸ ἔλεός σου καὶ τὴν σου καὶ ἡ δικαιοσύνη σου ἐν γῇ ἐπιλελησμένῇ;«
kai dia touto kai ho sophos Seirach »en gar tǭ apothnę̄skein anthrōpon< klēronomēsei herpeta kai kēria kai skōlēkas«, kai <Dauʼd > en ogdoēkostǭ hebdomǭ psalmǭ »mē tois nekrois poiēseis thaumasia ē iatroi anastēsousi kai exomolgēsontai soi? mē diēgēsetai tis en taphǭ to eleos sou kai tēn sou kai hē dikaiosynē sou en gę̄ epilelēsmenę̄?«
And for this reason the wise Sirach says, ‘For when a man dies he will inherit reptiles, beasts and worms’; and David in the eighty-seventh psalm, ‘Will you work wonders for the dead, or will physicians raise them up and they confess you? Will anyone tell of your mercy in the grave, and your righteousness in a land forgotten?’
Ps 88:10 (87:11 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 88:11 (87:12 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 88:12 (87:13 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Sirach and the Psalm are cited against bodily resurrection.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius (speaker: Proclus). The quotation from the psalm is shortened.
Extrabiblical texts: Sir 10:11 (Sirach [in RC, EO, ETH canons]; quotation); Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Topics: Eschatology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.18.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:429–430; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-18-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.18.5Holl GCS 25/31:430
καὶ ἕτερα δὲ ῥήματα τοιαῦτα τῷ βουλομένῳ συνάγειν ἐκ τῶν γραφῶν πάρεστιν ἃ * ἵνα μὴ πάντων ἡμεῖς εἰς πλῆθος μνημονεύοντες πολυπλασίονα τῶν εἰρημένων αὐζήσωμεν τὸν λόγον.
kai hetera de rhēmata toiauta tǭ boulomenǭ synagein ek tōn graphōn parestin ha * hina mē pantōn hēmeis eis plēthos mnēmoneuontes polyplasiona tōn eirēmenōn auzēsōmen ton logon.
And other such texts are available to anyone who wishes to gather them from the Scriptures …, so that we do not, by mentioning all of them in number, make the discourse many times longer than what has been said.”
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Notes and citation
Summary: Proclus concludes.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius (speaker: Proclus). The edition marks a gap (*).
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.18.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:430; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-18-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 64, chapter 19
64.19.1Holl GCS 25/31:430
Λοιπὸν Μεθοδίου· Ὡς πὖν ἐπαύσατο μόγις ὁ Πρόκλος καὶ σιγὴ τῶν παρόντων ἦν ἐπὶ πολύ, καταβληθέντων ἱκανῶς πρὸς ἀπιστίαν, καὶ ἐγὼ ᾐσθόμην ὅτι τῷ ὄντι πεπαυμένος εἴη, ἠρέμα τὴν κεφαλὴν ἐπάρας καὶ ἀναπνεύσας ὥσπερ οἱ πλέοντες τοῦ κύματος ἤδη λωφῶντος, ὑποτρέμων ἔτι καὶ σκοτιζόμενος ἐβεβλήμην γάρ, ὡς πρὸς ὑμᾶς εἰρήσθω, τῇ δεινότητι κατηντλημένος τῶν λόγων) τρέπομαι πρὸς τὸν Αὐξέντιον καὶ καλέσας αὐτόν·
Loipon Methodiou; Hōs pyn epausato mogis ho Proklos kai sigē tōn parontōn ēn epi poly, katablēthentōn hikanōs pros apistian, kai egō ę̄sthomēn hoti tǭ onti pepaumenos eiē, ērema tēn kephalēn eparas kai anapneusas hōsper hoi pleontes tou kymatos ēdē lōphōntos, hypotremōn eti kai skotizomenos ebeblēmēn gar, hōs pros hymas eirēsthō, tę̄ deinotēti katēntlēmenos tōn logōn) trepomai pros ton Auxention kai kalesas auton;
Next, from Methodius: “When Proclus had at last with difficulty stopped, and there was a long silence among those present, who had been quite cast down toward unbelief, and I perceived that he had really finished, I gently raised my head and drew breath like sailors when the wave is now subsiding, still trembling and in a daze (for I had been struck, let me tell you, overwhelmed by the force of his words), and I turned to Auxentius and called him:
Notes and citation
Summary: Methodius, the narrator, turns to Auxentius after Proclus’s speech.
- From here Methodius speaks in his own person in the dialogue On the Resurrection, quoted by Epiphanius.
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Topics: Eschatology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.19.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:430; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-19-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.19.2Holl GCS 25/31:430
ὦ Αὐξέντιε, νομίζω, ἔφην, μὴ μάτην λελέχθαι τὸ ποιητικόν »σύν τε σύʼ ἐρχομένων«. καὶ γὰρ οἱ ἀνταγωνισταὶ δύο. »διὸ σθένος ἀμφότεροι ἀμφοτέρων περ σχῶμεν«.
ō Auxentie, nomizō, ephēn, mē matēn lelechthai to poiētikon »syn te syʼ erchomenōn«. kai gar hoi antagōnistai dyo. »dio sthenos amphoteroi amphoterōn per schōmen«.
‘Auxentius,’ I said, ‘I think the poet’s saying “when two go together” was not said in vain; for our opponents are two. “So let us both have strength, each from the other.”
Notes and citation
Summary: Methodius asks Auxentius to join him, quoting Homer.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius. The quotations are Homer, Iliad 10.224 and 12.412 (adapted).
Extrabiblical texts: Homer, Il. 10.224 (Homer, Iliad; quotation); Homer, Il. 12.412 (Homer, Iliad; allusion); Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.19.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:430; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-19-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.19.3Holl GCS 25/31:430
συναντιλήπτορα γὰρ καὶ συναγωνιστὴν αἱροῦμαί σε τῆς πρὸς αὐτοὺς μάχης, μὴ ἡμῖν ὁ Ἀγλαοφῶν μετὰ Πρόκλου καὶ Ὠριγένους τοῖς ἀνατρεπτικοῖς καθʼ ἡμῶν ὡπλισμένος λογοις ἐκπέρσῃ τὴν ἀνάστασιν.
synantilēptora gar kai synagōnistēn hairoumai se tēs pros autous machēs, mē hēmin ho Aglaophōn meta Proklou kai Ōrigenous tois anatreptikois kathʼ hēmōn hōplismenos logois ekpersę̄ tēn anastasin.
For I choose you as my helper and fellow contender in the battle against them, so that Aglaophon, with Proclus and Origen, armed against us with overturning arguments, may not sack the resurrection.
Notes and citation
Summary: Aglaophon, Proclus, and Origen are the opponents.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius.
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Topics: Eschatology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.19.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:430; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-19-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.19.4Holl GCS 25/31:430–431
ἄγε οὖν ἀντιπαραταξώμεθα τοῖς σοφίσμασιν αὐτῶν, μηδὲν τῶν ἀντιλογικῶν, οἷς οἱ δειλοὶ βάλλονται, φοβηθέντες· καὶ γὰρ οὐδὲν ἐν αὐτοῖς ὑγιὲς ὅλως οὐδὲ πάγιον, ἀλλὰ φαντασία μόνον εὐπρεπὴς ῥημάτων πρὸς κατάπληξιν τῶν ἀκουόντων καὶ πειθὼ κατεσκευασμένη, οὐ τῆς ἀληθείας καὶ τοῦ συμφέροντος χάριν, ἀλλὰ τοῦ δόξαι τοῖς παροῦσι σοφοὺς τοὺς λόγους.
age oun antiparataxōmetha tois sophismasin autōn, mēden tōn antilogikōn, hois hoi deiloi ballontai, phobēthentes; kai gar ouden en autois hygies holōs oude pagion, alla phantasia monon euprepēs rhēmatōn pros kataplēxin tōn akouontōn kai peithō kateskeuasmenē, ou tēs alētheias kai tou sympherontos charin, alla tou doxai tois parousi sophous tous logous.
Come then, let us draw up against their sophistries, fearing none of the counterarguments with which the timid are struck; for there is nothing sound or solid in them at all, but only a specious display of words to astonish the hearers, and persuasion contrived not for the sake of truth and benefit, but to make the arguments seem wise to those present.
Notes and citation
Summary: Their arguments are specious sophistry.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius.
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.19.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:430–431; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-19-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.19.5Holl GCS 25/31:431
ἐντεῦθεν γοῦν τοῖς πολλοῖς οἱ ἐκ τῶν εἰκότων ἔσθʼ ὁτε λόγοι πρὸς κάλλος καὶ ἡδονὴν πεποικιλμένοι μᾶλλον τῶν εἰς ἀκρίβειαν ἐξητασμένων νομίζονται σπουδαιότεροι, τῶν διδασκάλων οὐ πρὸς τὸ βέλτιον ἁμιλλωμένων ἕτι καὶ σεμνον, ἀλλὰ πρὸς τὸ ἀρέσαι καὶ εὐημερῆσαι, καθάπερ οἱ σοφισταί, οἵ μισθὸν αἱροῦνται τῶν λόγων, ἐπευωνιζόμενοι τὴν σοφίαν ἐπαίνοις.
enteuthen goun tois pollois hoi ek tōn eikotōn esthʼ hote logoi pros kallos kai hēdonēn pepoikilmenoi mallon tōn eis akribeian exētasmenōn nomizontai spoudaioteroi, tōn didaskalōn ou pros to beltion hamillōmenōn heti kai semnon, alla pros to aresai kai euēmerēsai, kathaper hoi sophistai, hoi misthon hairountai tōn logōn, epeuōnizomenoi tēn sophian epainois.
From this, at any rate, arguments from probability, embroidered for beauty and pleasure, are sometimes thought by the many more serious than those examined for precision, since teachers no longer compete for what is better and more venerable, but to please and to be applauded, like the sophists, who choose a wage for their speeches, cheapening wisdom for praise.
Notes and citation
Summary: Teachers now seek applause, not truth.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius.
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.19.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:431; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-19-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.19.6Holl GCS 25/31:431
τὸ μὲν οὖν παλαιὸν βραχὺ παντελῶς τὸ περὶ τὴν ἐξήγησιν ἦν, φιλοτιμουμένων μὴ τέρπειν, ἀλλὰ ὠφελεῖν τοὺς παρόντας τῶν τότε· ἀφʼ οὗ δὲ λοιπὸν εἰς ῥᾳστώνην ἐπετράπη πᾶσιν ἑρμηνεύειν ἐξεῖναι τὰς γραφάς, [καἰ] πάντες εἰς ποιῆσαι μὲν τὸ καλὸν ἠμβλύνθησαν πλησθέντες οἰήματος, περὶ τὸ λογικεύεσθαι δὲ προέκοψαν καλλωπιζόμενοι, ὡς πάντα γινώσκειν ὑπάρχοντες δεινοί, διδάσκεσθαι μὲν ὁμολογεῖν χρῄζειν αἰδεσθέντες, φιλονεικεῖν δὲ μᾶλλον καὶ προπηδᾶν, ὡς οἱ διδάσκαλοι *.
to men oun palaion brachy pantelōs to peri tēn exēgēsin ēn, philotimoumenōn mē terpein, alla ōphelein tous parontas tōn tote; aphʼ hou de loipon eis rhąstōnēn epetrapē pasin hermēneuein exeinai tas graphas, [kai] pantes eis poiēsai men to kalon ēmblynthēsan plēsthentes oiēmatos, peri to logikeuesthai de proekopsan kallōpizomenoi, hōs panta ginōskein hyparchontes deinoi, didaskesthai men homologein chrę̄zein aidesthentes, philoneikein de mallon kai propēdan, hōs hoi didaskaloi *.
Of old, exposition was quite brief, as those of that time aimed not to delight but to benefit those present; but since it has been permitted to everyone, for ease, to interpret the Scriptures, all have grown dull in doing good, filled with conceit, and have advanced in reasoning, adorning themselves as clever at knowing everything, ashamed to confess that they need to be taught, but rather contentious and forward, like teachers ….
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Notes and citation
Summary: Everyone now interprets Scripture with conceit.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius. The edition marks a gap (*); the editor deletes καί.
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Topics: Scripture and canon
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.19.6 (Holl GCS 25/31:431; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-19-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.19.7Holl GCS 25/31:431
θρασυνθέντες γοῦν ἐντεῦθεν τοῦ μὲν εὐλαβοῦς καὶ πρᾴου καὶ πάντα δύνασθαι ποιεῖν τὸν θεὸν ὡς ἐπηγγείλατο πιστεύειν ὠλίσθησαν, εἰς δὲ ζητήσεις κενὰς καὶ βλασφημίας ἥκασι, μὴ νοήσαντες ὡς οὐ τὰ ἔργα τῶν λόγων ἐπετηδεύθη χάριν, ἀλλὰ τῶν ἔργων οἱ λόγοι, ὥσπερ <ἐπʼ > ἰατρικῆς, διʼ ἧς τοὺς κάμονοντας σῴζεσθαι δεῖ τῶν λόγων ἔργοις κυρουμένων, ἵνʼ ἡρμοσμένων ἡμῶν πάντα σύμφωνος ὁ νοῦς εἴη τοῖς ἀρίστοις λόγοις, τὰ ἤθη τῇ γλώσσῃ συνῳδὰ παρέχων δίκην λύρας, ἀλλὰ μὴ ἄμουσα καὶ ἀσύμφωνα.
thrasynthentes goun enteuthen tou men eulabous kai prąou kai panta dynasthai poiein ton theon hōs epēngeilato pisteuein ōlisthēsan, eis de zētēseis kenas kai blasphēmias hēkasi, mē noēsantes hōs ou ta erga tōn logōn epetēdeuthē charin, alla tōn ergōn hoi logoi, hōsper <epʼ > iatrikēs, diʼ hēs tous kamonontas sǭzesthai dei tōn logōn ergois kyroumenōn, hinʼ hērmosmenōn hēmōn panta symphōnos ho nous eiē tois aristois logois, ta ēthē tę̄ glōssę̄ synǭda parechōn dikēn lyras, alla mē amousa kai asymphōna.
Emboldened by this, they have slipped from believing, reverently and meekly, that God can do everything as he promised, and have come to empty questions and blasphemies, not understanding that deeds were not devised for the sake of words, but words for deeds, as in medicine, by which the sick must be saved, words being confirmed by deeds, so that, when we are well tuned in all things, the mind may be in harmony with the best words, making our conduct agree with our tongue like a lyre, and not unmusical and discordant.
Notes and citation
Summary: Words should serve deeds, as in medicine.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius.
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Topics: Ethics
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.19.7 (Holl GCS 25/31:431; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-19-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.19.8Holl GCS 25/31:431
ἐπὶ γὰρ τῷ κτήσασθαι κατὰ ἀλήθειαν ἀγωνίζεσθαι δεῖ τὸ δίκαιον ἀσκεῖν καὶ οὐκ ἐπὶ τῷ δοκεῖν, χωλῶς ἐπιβαίνοντα σοφίας καὶ πρὸς δόξαν μᾶλλον ἢ πρὸς ἀλήθειαν ἁμιλ- λώμενον, πρόθυρα καὶ προσχήματα καὶ πᾶσαν ὑποδυσάμενον τῆς ὑποκρίσεως τὴν σκευήν.
epi gar tǭ ktēsasthai kata alētheian agōnizesthai dei to dikaion askein kai ouk epi tǭ dokein, chōlōs epibainonta sophias kai pros doxan mallon ē pros alētheian hamil- lōmenon, prothyra kai proschēmata kai pasan hypodysamenon tēs hypokriseōs tēn skeuēn.
For one must strive to practice righteousness so as truly to possess it, not so as to seem to, approaching wisdom lamely and competing for reputation rather than truth, putting on porches, pretenses and the whole costume of hypocrisy.
Notes and citation
Summary: Righteousness must be real, not a show.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius.
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Topics: Ethics
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.19.8 (Holl GCS 25/31:431; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-19-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 64, chapter 20
64.20.1Holl GCS 25/31:431–432
20. Εἰσὶ γάρ, εἰσὶν οἵ λόγων τραγικῶς κεκοσμημένων προσβολαῖς, καθάπερ γυναῖκες ἔξωθεν ὡραϊζόμεναι πρὸς ἀπάτην ἐντέχνως, * ἐὰν μὴ τις πεφυλαγμένως αὐτοῖς τῶι ἔτι νεωτέρων προσβλέψῃ τῇ πίστει καὶ νηπτικῶνς.
20. Eisi gar, eisin hoi logōn tragikōs kekosmēmenōn prosbolais, kathaper gynaikes exōthen hōraïzomenai pros apatēn entechnōs, * ean mē tis pephylagmenōs autois tōi eti neōterōn prosblepsę̄ tę̄ pistei kai nēptikōns.
For there are, there are those who, with the assaults of tragically adorned words, like women artfully beautified outwardly for deceit, … unless one of those still younger in the faith looks at them guardedly and soberly.
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Notes and citation
Summary: Adorned words deceive like painted women.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius. The edition marks a gap (*).
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.20.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:431–432; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-20-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.20.2Holl GCS 25/31:432
ὅθεν εὐλαβητέον πρὸ τοῦ καταμαθεῖν ἀσφαλῶς εἰς τὴν δαρδίαν εἰσδέξασθαι τὸν τοιοῦτον λόγον· καὶ γὰρ φθάνουσιν οἱ ἐξαπατῶντες πολλάκις τοὺς διστάζοντας, καθάπερ δὴ καὶ αἱ Σειρῆνες τοὺς φεύγοντας αὐτάς, μακρόθεν τὸ μισάνθρωπον τῇ καλλιφωνίᾳ.
hothen eulabēteon pro tou katamathein asphalōs eis tēn dardian eisdexasthai ton toiouton logon; kai gar phthanousin hoi exapatōntes pollakis tous distazontas, kathaper dē kai hai Seirēnes tous pheugontas autas, makrothen to misanthrōpon tę̄ kalliphōnią.
Therefore one must beware of receiving such an argument into the heart before learning it securely; for the deceivers often get ahead of the hesitant, as the Sirens do those who flee them, their hatred of men from afar in their beautiful song.’
Notes and citation
Summary: Beware deceivers like the Sirens.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius.
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.20.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:432; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-20-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.20.3Holl GCS 25/31:432
ἢ πῶς, ὦ Αὐξέντιε, ἔφην ἐγώ, <δοκεῖ > σοὶ ταῦτα τίθεσθαι; καὶ ὃς ἀπεκρίνατο· Οὕτως καθάπερ καὶ σοί.
ē pōs, ō Auxentie, ephēn egō, <dokei > soi tauta tithesthai? kai hos apekrinato; Houtōs kathaper kai soi.
‘Or how does it seem to you, Auxentius,’ I said, ‘to put these things?’ And he answered, ‘Just as it does to you.’
Notes and citation
Summary: Auxentius agrees.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius.
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.20.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:432; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-20-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.20.4Holl GCS 25/31:432
Οὐκοῦν πάντως τῶν ἑτεροδόξων τοὺς σοφιστὰς μιμητὰς εἰδώλων ἀληθείας εἶναι λέγωμεν, ἀλήθειαν μὴ γινώσκοντας, καθάπερ ζωγράφους; καὶ γὰρ οὗτοι μιμεῖσθαι μὲ ναυπηγοὺς καὶ πλοῖα καὶ κυβερνήτας ἐπιειροῦσι, ναυπηγεῖν καὶ κυβερνᾶν οὐ γινώσκοντες.
Oukoun pantōs tōn heterodoxōn tous sophistas mimētas eidōlōn alētheias einai legōmen, alētheian mē ginōskontas, kathaper zōgraphous? kai gar houtoi mimeisthai me naupēgous kai ploia kai kybernētas epieirousi, naupēgein kai kybernan ou ginōskontes.
‘Shall we not say then that the sophists among the heterodox are imitators of images of truth, not knowing the truth, like painters? For they try to imitate shipwrights and ships and pilots, not knowing how to build ships or pilot them.’
Notes and citation
Summary: Heretical sophists are like painters of ships.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius.
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.20.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:432; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-20-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.20.5Holl GCS 25/31:432
οὐκοῦν ἀποξένοτες <εἱ > θέλεις τὰ χρώματα πείθωμεν αὐτῶν τὰ θαυμάζοντα τὰς τοιαύτας γραφὰς παιδία, ὅτι οὔτε τὸ πλοῖον τοῦτο πλοῖόν ἐστιν οὔτε ὁ κυβερνήτης κυβερνήτης, ἀλλὰ τοῖχος ἔξωθεν πρὸς τέρψιν χρώμασι κα γραφαῖς κεκοσμημένος καὶ ὅτι μιμηταὶ μὲν εἰδώλου πλοίου καὶ κυβερνήτου οἱ δημιουργήσαντές εἰσιν ἀπὸ τῶν χρωμάτων ταῦτα, καὶ οὐ πλοίου;
oukoun apoxenotes <hei > theleis ta chrōmata peithōmen autōn ta thaumazonta tas toiautas graphas paidia, hoti oute to ploion touto ploion estin oute ho kybernētēs kybernētēs, alla toichos exōthen pros terpsin chrōmasi ka graphais kekosmēmenos kai hoti mimētai men eidōlou ploiou kai kybernētou hoi dēmiourgēsantes eisin apo tōn chrōmatōn tauta, kai ou ploiou?
‘Then, if you will, let us strip off the colors and persuade their children who admire such pictures that this ship is not a ship nor the pilot a pilot, but a wall adorned outwardly with colors and pictures for delight, and that those who made these things from colors are imitators of an image of a ship and pilot, and not of a ship.’
Notes and citation
Summary: Stripping the colors shows the illusion.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius.
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.20.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:432; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-20-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.20.6Holl GCS 25/31:432
Μακρὸν τῷ ἀκοῦσαι ποθοῦντι τὸ προοίμιον. Ἀλλʼ ὠφέλιμον. ἔφην, ὦ ἄριστε. τὰ γὰρ ἀπὸ τῶν θεοπνεύστωνν γραμμάτων ῥήματα, οἷς ἐπιχρωματίζοντες ποικίλλουσιν ἑαυτῶν πρὸς ἀπάτην οὗτοι τὴν δόξαν, δικαιοσύνην αὐθαδῶς καὶ ἀλήθειαν ὀνομάζοντες, οὐ γινώσκοντες ὅλως δικαιοσύνην, εἴ τις ἀφέλοιτο, πόσον οἴει γυμνωθέντας αὐτοὺς τῶν τοιούτων ὀνομάτων χλευασθήσεσθαι; Πάνυ πολύ, ἔφη.
Makron tǭ akousai pothounti to prooimion. Allʼ ōphelimon. ephēn, ō ariste. ta gar apo tōn theopneustōnn grammatōn rhēmata, hois epichrōmatizontes poikillousin heautōn pros apatēn houtoi tēn doxan, dikaiosynēn authadōs kai alētheian onomazontes, ou ginōskontes holōs dikaiosynēn, ei tis apheloito, poson oiei gymnōthentas autous tōn toioutōn onomatōn chleuasthēsesthai? Pany poly, ephē.
‘The introduction is long for one who longs to hear.’ ‘But useful, my excellent friend,’ I said. ‘For if one took away the words from the divinely inspired writings with which these people color and embroider their opinion for deceit, boldly calling it righteousness and truth though they do not know righteousness at all, how much do you think they will be mocked, stripped of such names?’ ‘Very much,’ he said.
Notes and citation
Summary: Without Scripture’s words, their views would be exposed.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius.
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.20.6 (Holl GCS 25/31:432; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-20-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.20.7Holl GCS 25/31:432–433
Πότερον οὖν, ὦ Αὐξέντιε, ἦν δὲ ἐγώ, σὺ βούλει ταύτης ἡγεμονεύειν Δίκαιος, ἔφη, σὺ ἡγεῖσθαι· σὺ γὰρ καὶ κτάρχεις τοῦ λόγου.
Poteron oun, ō Auxentie, ēn de egō, sy boulei tautēs hēgemoneuein Dikaios, ephē, sy hēgeisthai; sy gar kai ktarcheis tou logou.
‘Which of us, then, Auxentius,’ I said, ‘do you want to lead in this?’ ‘It is right,’ he said, ‘for you to lead; for you are beginning the discussion.’
Notes and citation
Summary: Methodius is to lead the reply.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius.
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.20.7 (Holl GCS 25/31:432–433; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-20-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 64, chapter 21
64.21.1Holl GCS 25/31:433
21. Οὐκοῦν ἐλέγετο — φέρε γὰρ πρὸς μέρος ἐξ ἀρχῆς ἀκολούθως τὸν Ἀγλαοφῶντος ἐξετάσωμεν νοῦν — ἡ Μὴ τὸ σῶμα διὰ τὴν παράβασιν ὃ περικείμεθα τοῦτο ἀνειληφέναι, χρόνοις τοῖς ἄνω χωρὶς αὐτοῦ μακαρίως διάξασα.
21. Oukoun elegeto — phere gar pros meros ex archēs akolouthōs ton Aglaophōntos exetasōmen noun — hē Mē to sōma dia tēn parabasin ho perikeimetha touto aneilēphenai, chronois tois anō chōris autou makariōs diaxasa.
‘Well then, it was said — come, let us examine Aglaophon’s meaning part by part from the beginning in order — that the soul took on this body we wear because of the transgression, having lived blessedly without it in the times above.
Notes and citation
Summary: Methodius restates Aglaophon’s thesis.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius. The speaker addresses Aglaophon, a physician.
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Topics: Eschatology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.21.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:433; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-21-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.21.2Holl GCS 25/31:433
τοὺς γὰρ δερματνους εἶναι χιτῶνας σώματα <ἔφη > εἰς ἃ ἐνεῖρχθαι συνέβη τὰς δυχάς, δικην ὅπως ὧν ἔδρασαν νεκροφοροῦσαι παρασχωσιν ἢ οὐ ταῦτα πρῶτον ἦν ἐν ἀρχῇ τὰ λεχθέντα ὑπὸ σοῦ ἰατρέ; ἀλλʼ ἴθι, ὑπόμνησον, ἐάν τί σοι μὴ φαίνωμαι μεμνημένος.
tous gar dermatnous einai chitōnas sōmata <ephē > eis ha eneirchthai synebē tas dychas, dikēn hopōs hōn edrasan nekrophorousai paraschōsin ē ou tauta prōton ēn en archę̄ ta lechthenta hypo sou iatre? allʼ ithi, hypomnēson, ean ti soi mē phainōmai memnēmenos.
For you said that the coats of skin are bodies, in which the souls came to be shut up, so that they might pay the penalty for what they did, carrying corpses. Or were these not the first things said by you at the beginning, doctor? But come, remind me, if I seem not to remember anything.’
Gen 3:21 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Aglaophon held the coats of skin are bodies.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius.
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Topics: Eschatology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.21.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:433; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-21-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.21.3Holl GCS 25/31:433
Οὐδὲν νῦν ὑπομνήσεως εἰς τοῦτο δέῃ· αὐτὰ ταῦτα γὰρ ἦν ἐν πρώτοις ημιν τὰ ειρημενα.
Ouden nyn hypomnēseōs eis touto deę̄; auta tauta gar ēn en prōtois ēmin ta eirēmena.
‘You need no reminder on this now; for these are exactly the things we said first.’
Notes and citation
Summary: Aglaophon confirms.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius.
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.21.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:433; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-21-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.21.4Holl GCS 25/31:433
Τί δέ; οὐχὶ καὶ τοῦτο ἐν τοῖς ἑξῆς ἐλέγετο πολλαχῶς ὑπὸ σοῦ ὡς ἐμποδών πρὸς τὴν κατάληψιν ἡμῖν τὸ σῶμα τῶν ὅντως ὅντων καὶ γνῶσιν διὰ τὰς πρὸς τὸ κοσμεῖν ἀσχολίας αὐτὸ καὶ θεραπεύειν γίγνεται κα τὰς ἄλλας τὰς περὶ τὴν ἐιθυμίαν τῆς γαστρὸς προσβολίας, ἔτι τε βαλσφημιῶν καὶ παντοίων αἴτιον ἁμαρτημάτων διὰ τὸ μὴ δύνασθαι καθʼ ἑαυτὴν δίχα ]5 σώμυτος ὅλως ἁμαρτῆσαι ψυχήν·
Ti de? ouchi kai touto en tois hexēs elegeto pollachōs hypo sou hōs empodōn pros tēn katalēpsin hēmin to sōma tōn hontōs hontōn kai gnōsin dia tas pros to kosmein ascholias auto kai therapeuein gignetai ka tas allas tas peri tēn eithymian tēs gastros prosbolias, eti te balsphēmiōn kai pantoiōn aition hamartēmatōn dia to mē dynasthai kathʼ heautēn dicha ]5 sōmytos holōs hamartēsai psychēn;
‘And what? Was it not also said many times by you in what followed that the body becomes an obstacle to our grasp and knowledge of what truly exists, because of the occupations of adorning and tending it and the other assaults concerning the desire of the belly, and further that it is the cause of blasphemies and sins of every kind, because the soul by itself cannot sin at all without the body;
Notes and citation
Summary: Aglaophon blamed the body for sin.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius.
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Topics: Eschatology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.21.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:433; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-21-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.21.5Holl GCS 25/31:433
καὶ διὰ τοῦτο, μετὰ τὴν ἐντεῦθεν ἀποδημίαν ἐκτὸς ἁμαρτήματος ὅπως ἔσοιτο καὶ παρακοῆς ἐν τοῖς οὐρανοῖς, ἔνθα καὶ τὰς διατριβὰς ἔζει μετὰ τῶν ἀγγέλων, ἐλευθέραν αὐτὴν καὶ γυμνὴν χρῆναι δαμεῖσα σώματος, ἐπειδήπερ τὸ σῶμα τοῦ χραίνεσθαι τοῦτο καὶ ἁμαρτάνειν παραίτιον αὐτῇ καὶ συνεργὸν γέγνεται;
kai dia touto, meta tēn enteuthen apodēmian ektos hamartēmatos hopōs esoito kai parakoēs en tois ouranois, entha kai tas diatribas ezei meta tōn angelōn, eleutheran autēn kai gymnēn chrēnai dameisa sōmatos, epeidēper to sōma tou chrainesthai touto kai hamartanein paraition autę̄ kai synergon gegnetai?
and for this reason, so that after departing from here it might be without sin and disobedience in the heavens, where it will spend its time with the angels, it must be free and stripped of the body, since the body has become for it a cause and accomplice of being defiled and sinning?
Notes and citation
Summary: He said the soul must be freed from the body.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius.
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Topics: Eschatology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.21.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:433; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-21-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.21.6Holl GCS 25/31:433
ἄνευ γὰρ δώματος ἀμήχανον ἁμαρτῆσαι Ψυχήν. ὅθεν ἵνα τὸν ἄπειρον ἀναμάρτητος αἰῶνα τηρηθῇ, οὐκέτι τὸ ταλανττεῦον αὐτὴν εἰς τὴν φθορὰν κάτω καὶ τὴν ἀνικίαν σῶμα λήψεσθαι.
aneu gar dōmatos amēchanon hamartēsai Psychēn. hothen hina ton apeiron anamartētos aiōna tērēthę̄, ouketi to talantteuon autēn eis tēn phthoran katō kai tēn anikian sōma lēpsesthai.
For without a body it is impossible for a soul to sin. Hence, so that it may be kept sinless for the endless age, it will no longer take a body that weighs it down to corruption and wickedness.’
Notes and citation
Summary: Without a body the soul cannot sin.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius.
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Topics: Eschatology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.21.6 (Holl GCS 25/31:433; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-21-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.21.7Holl GCS 25/31:433
Ἀλλʼ ἐλέχθη κα τοῦτο. Τί δέ; καὶ κ(??)λῶς σοι τοῦτο καὶ ὀρθῶς, ἔφην, ἥγησαι λελέχθαι; Καὶ τί σοι, ἔφη, τοῦτο διαφέρει; ἀλλὰ οὐκ ἐξελέγχεις τὸν λόγον.
Allʼ elechthē ka touto. Ti de? kai k(??)lōs soi touto kai orthōs, ephēn, hēgēsai lelechthai? Kai ti soi, ephē, touto diapherei? alla ouk exelencheis ton logon.
‘This too was said.’ ‘What then? Do you think this was said well and rightly?’ I said. ‘And what difference does that make to you?’ he said. ‘You are not refuting the argument.’
Notes and citation
Summary: Aglaophon asks why this matters.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius.
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.21.7 (Holl GCS 25/31:433; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-21-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.21.8Holl GCS 25/31:433–434
Οὐδέν, ἦν δὲ εγώ, ἀλλὰ διʼ ἃ εἴρηκας ὅπως ἐξετάζηται ὁ λόγος. Καλῶς καὶ ὀρθῶς, ἔφη. Καλῶς δὲ σοι δοκεῖ τίθεσθαι καὶ ὀρθῶς ὁ ἑαυτῷ τἀναντία λέγων καὶ ἀσύμφωνα; Οὐδʼ ὁπωστιοῦν.
Ouden, ēn de egō, alla diʼ ha eirēkas hopōs exetazētai ho logos. Kalōs kai orthōs, ephē. Kalōs de soi dokei tithesthai kai orthōs ho heautǭ tanantia legōn kai asymphōna? Oudʼ hopōstioun.
‘None,’ I said, ‘but so that the argument may be examined through what you have said.’ ‘Well and rightly,’ he said. ‘And does one who says things contrary and discordant with himself seem to you to put things well and rightly?’ ‘Not in any way.’
Notes and citation
Summary: Self-contradiction is not right reasoning.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius.
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.21.8 (Holl GCS 25/31:433–434; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-21-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.21.9Holl GCS 25/31:434
Ἀμούσως γὰρ οὗτός σοι φαίνεται τὴν ἀλήθειαν ὑποκρίνεσθαι; Πάντων μάλιστα, ἔφη. Οὐκ ἄρα ἀποδέχῃ τὸν τὰς ἁρμονίας ἐντείνοντα πρὸς τὸ ψευδὲς μέλος τῶν λόγων; Οὐδʼ ὁπωστιοῦν.
Amousōs gar houtos soi phainetai tēn alētheian hypokrinesthai? Pantōn malista, ephē. Ouk ara apodechę̄ ton tas harmonias enteinonta pros to pseudes melos tōn logōn? Oudʼ hopōstioun.
‘Does such a one seem to you to play the part of truth unmusically?’ ‘Most of all,’ he said. ‘Then you do not approve of one who tunes the harmonies to a false melody of words?’ ‘Not in any way.’
Notes and citation
Summary: Aglaophon rejects discordant reasoning.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius.
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.21.9 (Holl GCS 25/31:434; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-21-9). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.21.10Holl GCS 25/31:434
Οὐκοῦν οὐδὲ σεαυτοῦ λέγοντος ἀμούσως οὐδʼ ὁτιοῦν ἀποδέξῃ. δοὺς γὰρ ἀσωμάτως ἡμαρτηκέναι τὰς ψυχὰς ἀποσφαλείσας τῆς ἐντολῆς καὶ φράσας διὰ τὴν ἀνομίαν τοὺς χιτῶνας αὐταῖς ὕστερον τοὺς δερματίνους δεδωκέναι τὸν θεόν, ἵνα δίκην νεκροφοροῦσαι παράσχωσι, χιτῶνας τὰ σώματα φράσας, προϊόντος τοῦ λόγου ἐπιλαθόμενος ἃ τὸ πρῶτον ὑπέθου μὴ δύνασθαι καθʼ ἑαυτὴν τὴν ψυχὴν ἁμαρτῆσαι λέγεις.
Oukoun oude seautou legontos amousōs oudʼ hotioun apodexę̄. dous gar asōmatōs hēmartēkenai tas psychas aposphaleisas tēs entolēs kai phrasas dia tēn anomian tous chitōnas autais hysteron tous dermatinous dedōkenai ton theon, hina dikēn nekrophorousai paraschōsi, chitōnas ta sōmata phrasas, proïontos tou logou epilathomenos ha to prōton hypethou mē dynasthai kathʼ heautēn tēn psychēn hamartēsai legeis.
‘Then you will not approve of yourself either when you speak unmusically. For having granted that the souls sinned without bodies when they fell from the commandment, and having said that because of the lawlessness God afterwards gave them the coats of skin, so that they might pay the penalty carrying corpses, calling the bodies coats, as the argument went on you forgot what you had first supposed, and now say that the soul cannot sin by itself.
Notes and citation
Summary: Aglaophon contradicted himself about the soul’s sin.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius.
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Topics: Eschatology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.21.10 (Holl GCS 25/31:434; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-21-10). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.21.11Holl GCS 25/31:434
οὐ πεφυκέναι γὰρ ὅλως πρὸς τοῦτο, ἀλλὰ παραίτιον αὐτῇ παντοίων κακῶν τὸ σῶμα γεγονέναι. ὅθεν πρὸς τὸ μὴ παρορμηθῆναι πρὸς ἀδικίαν αὐτὴν αὖθις, καθάπερ συνέβη καὶ πρόσθεν ὑπὸ τοῦ σώματος, οὕτως εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας αὐτὴν ἔσεσθαι χωρὶς αὐτοῦ,
ou pephykenai gar holōs pros touto, alla paraition autę̄ pantoiōn kakōn to sōma gegonenai. hothen pros to mē parormēthēnai pros adikian autēn authis, kathaper synebē kai prosthen hypo tou sōmatos, houtōs eis tous aiōnas autēn esesthai chōris autou,
For it is not naturally disposed to it at all, but the body has become for it the cause of all kinds of evils. Hence, so that it may not be urged on to wickedness again, as happened before through the body, it will be without it for ever,
Notes and citation
Summary: He now blames the body for the soul’s sin.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius.
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Topics: Eschatology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.21.11 (Holl GCS 25/31:434; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-21-11). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.21.12Holl GCS 25/31:434
καίτοι πρῶτον εἰπὼν ἐν τῷ παραδείσῳ πρὸ τοῦ σώματοςτὴν ψυχήν, ὁπότε ἔτι μακαρία καὶ ἀναλγὴς ἦν, ἡμαρτηκέναι· παραβάσῃ γὰρ τὴν ἐντολήν, κεκρατυμμένης ἤδη διὰ τὴν πρὸς τὸν ὄφιν πειθὼ τῆς ἁμαρτίας, δεσμὸν αὐτῇ τὸ σῶμα δεδόσθαι τιμωρόν.
kaitoi prōton eipōn en tǭ paradeisǭ pro tou sōmatostēn psychēn, hopote eti makaria kai analgēs ēn, hēmartēkenai; parabasę̄ gar tēn entolēn, kekratymmenēs ēdē dia tēn pros ton ophin peithō tēs hamartias, desmon autę̄ to sōma dedosthai timōron.
though you first said that the soul sinned in paradise before the body, when it was still blessed and free of pain; for when it transgressed the commandment, sin having already been strengthened through its being persuaded by the serpent, the body was given to it as a punishing bond.
Gen 3:6 (allusion, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: He had earlier said the soul sinned before the body.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius.
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Topics: Eschatology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.21.12 (Holl GCS 25/31:434; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-21-12). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.21.13Holl GCS 25/31:434
ὥστε ἢ τὸ πρότερον ἢ τὸ ὕστερον οὐκ ὀρθῶς ἔχει. ἤτοι γὰρ πρὸ σώματος ἥμαρτε καὶ οὐδέν τι μᾶλλον κἂν μὴ λάβῃ σῶμα ἁμαρτήσεται, καὶ μάταιος ἡ περὶ τοῦ μὴ ἀνίστασθαι τὸ σῶμα περισσολογία· ἢ μετὰ σώματος, καὶ οὐ δύνανται σῶμα οἱ χιτῶνες νομίζεσθαι εἶναι οἱ δερμάτινοι.
hōste ē to proteron ē to hysteron ouk orthōs echei. ētoi gar pro sōmatos hēmarte kai ouden ti mallon kan mē labę̄ sōma hamartēsetai, kai mataios hē peri tou mē anistasthai to sōma perissologia; ē meta sōmatos, kai ou dynantai sōma hoi chitōnes nomizesthai einai hoi dermatinoi.
So either the former or the latter is not right. Either it sinned before the body, and will sin no less even if it does not take a body, and the verbiage about the body not rising is vain; or it sinned with a body, and the coats of skin cannot be thought to be the body.
Notes and citation
Summary: Both claims cannot stand together.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius.
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Topics: Eschatology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.21.13 (Holl GCS 25/31:434; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-21-13). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.21.14Holl GCS 25/31:434
εὑρίσκεται γὰρ πρὸ τῆς κατασκευῆς αὐτῶν ἀθετήσας ὁ ἄνθρωπος τὴν θείαν ἐντολήν· οὗ καὶ χάριν οἱ χιτῶνες κατασκευάζονται, τὴν γύμνωσιν τὴν ἀπὸ τῆς ἁμαρτίας αὐτῶν προσγενομένην καλύψοντες.
heurisketai gar pro tēs kataskeuēs autōn athetēsas ho anthrōpos tēn theian entolēn; hou kai charin hoi chitōnes kataskeuazontai, tēn gymnōsin tēn apo tēs hamartias autōn prosgenomenēn kalypsontes.
For man is found to have set aside the divine commandment before the coats were made; and for this reason the coats are made, to cover the nakedness that came upon them from their sin.
Gen 3:7 (allusion, high confidence) · Gen 3:21 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The coats came after the sin, to cover nakedness.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius.
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Topics: Eschatology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.21.14 (Holl GCS 25/31:434; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-21-14). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.21.15Holl GCS 25/31:434–435
ἀλλὰ πότερον πείθω σε καὶ ὁρᾷς ὡς ἑαυτῷ μαχόμενα ὑπέθου καὶ σοὶ τοῦτο γεγένηται σαφὲς ἢ οὐδέπω μανθάνεις, ὦ Ἀγλαοφῶν, ἔφην, ὃ λέγω;
alla poteron peithō se kai horąs hōs heautǭ machomena hypethou kai soi touto gegenētai saphes ē oudepō manthaneis, ō Aglaophōn, ephēn, ho legō?
But do I persuade you, and do you see that you supposed things in conflict with each other, and is this clear to you, or do you not yet understand what I say, Aglaophon?’ I said.
Notes and citation
Summary: Methodius presses Aglaophon.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius.
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.21.15 (Holl GCS 25/31:434–435; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-21-15). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.21.16Holl GCS 25/31:435
Μανθάνω, ἔφη, καὶ οὐδέν τι δέομαι δεύτερον ἀκοῦσαι, ἀλλὰ ἔλαθον ἐμαυτὸν οὐκ ὀρθῶς εἰπών. ἀνάκη γὰρ μοι δεδωκότι τοὺς δερματίνου χιτῶνας εἶναι τὰ σώματα ὁμολογεῖν, καὶ πρὶν εἰς τὸ σῶμα τὴν ψυχὴν ἐληλυθέναι ἡμαρτηκέναι,
Manthanō, ephē, kai ouden ti deomai deuteron akousai, alla elathon emauton ouk orthōs eipōn. anakē gar moi dedōkoti tous dermatinou chitōnas einai ta sōmata homologein, kai prin eis to sōma tēn psychēn elēlythenai hēmartēkenai,
‘I understand,’ he said, ‘and do not need to hear it a second time; but I did not notice that I spoke wrongly. For having granted that the coats of skin are bodies, I must admit also that the soul sinned before it came into the body,
Notes and citation
Summary: Aglaophon admits the inconsistency.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius.
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.21.16 (Holl GCS 25/31:435; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-21-16). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.21.17Holl GCS 25/31:435
ἐνθʼ ὧν πρὸ τῆς κατασκευῆς αὐτῶν ἡ παράβαοις ἐγένετο, — διὰ τὴν παράβασιν γὰρ οἱ χιτῶνες αὐτοῖς κατγασκευάζονται καὶ οὐχ ἡ παράβασις διὰ τοὺς χιτῶνας γίγνεται — καὶ ταύτης ταύτης τῆς ὁμολογίας συγκαταίθεσθαι ὡς οὐ τὸ σῶμα τοῦτο παραίτιον κακίας εστίν, ἀλλʼ αὐτὴ ἡ ψυχὴ ἐν ἑαυτῇ
enthʼ hōn pro tēs kataskeuēs autōn hē parabaois egeneto, — dia tēn parabasin gar hoi chitōnes autois katgaskeuazontai kai ouch hē parabasis dia tous chitōnas gignetai — kai tautēs tautēs tēs homologias synkataithesthai hōs ou to sōma touto paraition kakias estin, allʼ autē hē psychē en heautę̄
since the transgression took place before they were made — for the coats are made for them because of the transgression, and the transgression does not happen because of the coats — and I must agree with this admission too, that this body is not the cause of wickedness, but the soul itself in itself.
Notes and citation
Summary: The soul, not the body, is the cause of sin.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius. “This” is doubled in the digital text.
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Topics: Eschatology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.21.17 (Holl GCS 25/31:435; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-21-17). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.21.18Holl GCS 25/31:435
διὸ κἂκ μὴ λάβῃ τὸ σῶμα, ἁμαρτψεται, ἐπειδήπερ καὶ πρόσθεν ἥμαρτεν χωρὶς σώματος. καὶ ἀνόντηον τὸ λέγειν ἀναβιῶναι μὴ δύνασθαι τὸ σῶμα διὰ τοῦτο, ἵνα μὴ παραίτιον τῇ
dio kak mē labę̄ to sōma, hamartpsetai, epeidēper kai prosthen hēmarten chōris sōmatos. kai anontēon to legein anabiōnai mē dynasthai to sōma dia touto, hina mē paraition tę̄
Therefore even if it does not take the body, it will sin, since it sinned before without a body. And it is foolish to say that the body cannot live again for this reason, so that it may not become a cause to the
Notes and citation
Summary: The argument against bodily resurrection fails.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius. The sentence continues in 64.21.19.
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Topics: Eschatology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.21.18 (Holl GCS 25/31:435; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-21-18). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.21.19Holl GCS 25/31:435
ψυχῇ τοῦ ἁμαρτῆσαι γενηθῇ. ἁμαρτήσεται γάρ, ὥσπερ καὶ πρὸ τοῦ σώματος ἥμαρτε, οὕτως καὶ μετὰ τὴν τοῦ σώματος ἀπόθεσιν, κἂν μὴ αὖθις τὸ σῶμα ἀπολάβῃ. ὅθεν ἀνάγκη μοι διὰ ταῦτα μήτε ἐμαυτοῦ μήτε ἄλλου ἀποξέεσθαι λέγοντος Ι τοὺς δερματίνους χιτῶνας εἶναι τὰ σὠματα. εἰ δὲ ἀποδεξαίμην, ὁμολογεῖν χρή με καὶ τὰ εἰρημένα.
psychę̄ tou hamartēsai genēthę̄. hamartēsetai gar, hōsper kai pro tou sōmatos hēmarte, houtōs kai meta tēn tou sōmatos apothesin, kan mē authis to sōma apolabę̄. hothen anankē moi dia tauta mēte emautou mēte allou apoxeesthai legontos I tous dermatinous chitōnas einai ta sōmata. ei de apodexaimēn, homologein chrē me kai ta eirēmena.
soul for sinning. For it will sin, just as it sinned before the body, so also after laying the body aside, even if it does not receive the body again. Hence, because of this, I must not accept it from myself or from anyone else who says that the coats of skin are the bodies. And if I accepted it, I would have to admit what has been said.’
Notes and citation
Summary: Aglaophon concedes the coats of skin are not bodies.
- Methodius, On the Resurrection, quoted by Epiphanius. A stray letter in the digital text is ignored.
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Topics: Eschatology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.21.19 (Holl GCS 25/31:435; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-21-19). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 64, chapter 22
64.22.1Holl GCS 25/31:435
22. Τί δὲ, οὑχὶ κἀκεῖνο, ἔφην, ὦ Ἀγλαοφῶν, δοκεῖ σοι μὴ ὀρθῶς ἔχειν; Τὸ ποῖον; Τὸ λέγειν, ἦν δὲ ἐγώ, δεσμὸν καὶ πέδας τὸ σῶμα μεμηχανῆσθαι κατὰ κατὰ τῆς ψυχῆς, καὶ ὅτι καὶ ὁ τροφήτης »δεσμίους γῆς« ἔφη ἡμᾶς διὰ τοῦτο καὶ ὁ Δαυίδ »πεπεδημένους«.
22. Ti de, houchi kakeino, ephēn, ō Aglaophōn, dokei soi mē orthōs echein? To poion? To legein, ēn de egō, desmon kai pedas to sōma memēchanēsthai kata kata tēs psychēs, kai hoti kai ho trophētēs »desmious gēs« ephē hēmas dia touto kai ho Dauid »pepedēmenous«.
‘What then? Does not that too seem to you, Aglaophon,’ I said, ‘not to be right?’ ‘Which?’ ‘Saying,’ I said, ‘that the body was contrived as a bond and fetters against the soul, and that for this reason the prophet called us “prisoners of the earth,” and David “fettered.”’
Lam 3:34 (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 68:6 (67:7 LXX) (allusion, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Methodius questions the body as the soul’s prison.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius. “Prisoners of the earth” is Lam 3:34; “fettered” echoes Ps 68:6 (LXX 67:7).
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Topics: Eschatology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.22.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:435; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-22-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.22.2Holl GCS 25/31:435
Καὶ ὅς· οὐκ ἔχω σοι προχείρως ἀποκρίνασθαι, ἔφη. ἀλλὰ τί ἄλλῳ οὐ διαλέγῃ;
Kai hos; ouk echō soi procheirōs apokrinasthai, ephē. alla ti allǭ ou dialegę̄?
And he said, ‘I cannot answer you readily. But why do you not discuss with someone else?’
Notes and citation
Summary: Aglaophon hesitates.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius.
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.22.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:435; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-22-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.22.3Holl GCS 25/31:435–436
Καὶ ἐγὠ — ᾐσθόμην γὰρ ἐρυθριᾶν αὐτόν, φεύγοντα ἐλεγχθῆναι τῷ λόγῳ — γάρ με κατὰ φθόνον ἐπιχειρεῖν σε ἐλέγξαι, ἔφην, καὶ μὴ τὸ προκείμενον καταφανὲς φιλονεικεῖν ποιῆσαι; ἀλλʼ, ὦ ἀγαθέ, μὴ ἀποκάμῃς κάμῃς ἀνερωτώμενος.
Kai egō — ę̄sthomēn gar erythrian auton, pheugonta elenchthēnai tǭ logǭ — gar me kata phthonon epicheirein se elenxai, ephēn, kai mē to prokeimenon kataphanes philoneikein poiēsai? allʼ, ō agathe, mē apokamę̄s kamę̄s anerōtōmenos.
And I — for I perceived that he was blushing, avoiding being refuted by the argument — said, ‘Do you think I am trying to refute you out of envy, and not eager to make the matter in hand clear? But, my good man, do not grow weary of being questioned.
Notes and citation
Summary: Methodius urges Aglaophon to continue.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius. The question “Do you think” is supplied by sense where the text is defective.
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.22.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:435–436; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-22-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.22.4Holl GCS 25/31:436
ὁρῇς γὰρ ὡς οὐ περὶ μικρῶν ἡμῖν εἰσιν οἱ λόγοι, ἀλλʼ οὖν τίνα τρόπον χρὴ πεπιστευκέναι· καὶ γὰρ οὐδὲν οἶμαι τοσοῦτον κακὸν ἀνθρώπῳ γενέσθαι ὅσον ἀπὸ τῶν ἀναγκαίων, ὁπόταν ψευδῆ περὶ αὐτῶν δοξάζοι.
horę̄s gar hōs ou peri mikrōn hēmin eisin hoi logoi, allʼ oun tina tropon chrē pepisteukenai; kai gar ouden oimai tosouton kakon anthrōpǭ genesthai hoson apo tōn anankaiōn, hopotan pseudē peri autōn doxazoi.
For you see that our discussion is not about small things, but about how one must believe; for I think nothing so bad can happen to a man as from essential matters, when he holds false opinions about them.
Notes and citation
Summary: False beliefs about essentials do great harm.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius.
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.22.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:436; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-22-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.22.5Holl GCS 25/31:436
ἴθι οὖν προθύμως πρὸς τὰ ἐρωτώμενα· ἀποσάφει καὶ ἐάν τί σοι λέγειν ἀληθὲς μὴ δοκῶ, μῆλλον τῆς ἀληθείας φροντίσας ἢ ἐμοῦ, ἔλεγξον. μεῖζον γὰρ ἀγαθὸν τὸ ἐλεγχθῆναι τοῦ ἐλέγξαι νομί ω, ὅσῳ μεῖζόν ἐστι τὸ αὐτὸν ἀπαλλαγῆναι κακοῦ τοῦ ἄλλον ἀπαλλάξαι.
ithi oun prothymōs pros ta erōtōmena; aposaphei kai ean ti soi legein alēthes mē dokō, mēllon tēs alētheias phrontisas ē emou, elenxon. meizon gar agathon to elenchthēnai tou elenxai nomi ō, hosǭ meizon esti to auton apallagēnai kakou tou allon apallaxai.
Come then, answer the questions readily; and if I do not seem to you to say anything true, refute me, caring more for the truth than for me. For I think being refuted a greater good than refuting, as much as it is greater to be freed from evil oneself than to free another.
Notes and citation
Summary: Being refuted is better than refuting.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius. The thought echoes Plato, Gorgias 458a.
Extrabiblical texts: Plato, Gorg. 458a (Plato (works); allusion); Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.22.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:436; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-22-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.22.6Holl GCS 25/31:436
φέρε οὖν παραλλήλους παραβάλλοντες τοὺς λόγους σκεπτώμεθα εἴ τι διοίσουσιν ἀλλήλων. καὶ γὰρ τυγχάνει περὶ ὧν ἀμφισβητοῦμεν οὐ πάνυ σμικρὰ ὅντα, ἀλλὰ περὶ ὧν εἰδέναι τε κάλλιον, μὴ εἰδέναι τε αἰσχρόν. οὐκοῦν σὺ μὲν οὐ νομίζεις ἀναβιῶναι τὸ σῶμα, νομίζω δὲ ἐγώ. Πάνυ μὲν οὖν, ἔφη, καὶ διʼ ἅ εἴρηκα.
phere oun parallēlous paraballontes tous logous skeptōmetha ei ti dioisousin allēlōn. kai gar tynchanei peri hōn amphisbētoumen ou pany smikra honta, alla peri hōn eidenai te kallion, mē eidenai te aischron. oukoun sy men ou nomizeis anabiōnai to sōma, nomizō de egō. Pany men oun, ephē, kai diʼ ha eirēka.
Come, then, let us set the arguments side by side and consider whether they differ from each other. For the things we dispute about are not small, but things it is finer to know and shameful not to know. You, then, do not think the body lives again, but I do.’ ‘Certainly,’ he said, ‘and for the reasons I have given.’
Notes and citation
Summary: The positions are compared.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius.
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Topics: Eschatology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.22.6 (Holl GCS 25/31:436; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-22-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.22.7Holl GCS 25/31:436
Καὶ σὺ δὲ ἦν δὲ ἐγώ, δεσμὸν αὐτὸ καὶ φυλακὴν καὶ σῆμα καὶ ἄχθος καὶ πέδας εἶναι ἔφης, ἐγὼ δὲ οὐ φημί. Ἀληθῆ, ἔφη, μοι λέγεις.
Kai sy de ēn de egō, desmon auto kai phylakēn kai sēma kai achthos kai pedas einai ephēs, egō de ou phēmi. Alēthē, ephē, moi legeis.
‘And you,’ I said, ‘said that it is a bond, a prison, a tomb, a burden and fetters, and I do not.’ ‘You tell me the truth,’ he said.
Notes and citation
Summary: Aglaophon called the body a prison and tomb.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius.
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Topics: Eschatology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.22.7 (Holl GCS 25/31:436; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-22-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.22.8Holl GCS 25/31:436
Καὶ μὴν καὶ ἀκολασίας καὶ πλάδης καὶ λύπης κα θυμοῦ καὶ συλλήβδην τῶν ἄλλων ἁπάντων εἶναι παραίτιον αὐτὸ κακῶν ἔφης, ἄ ἐμποδίζουσιν ἡμῶν τὴν πρὸς τὸ κάλλιον ὁρμὴν τῆς χυχῆς, μὴ ἐῶντα τῶν ὅντως ὅιντων εἰς κατάληψιν ἡμὰς καὶ γνῶσιν παρελθεῖν.
Kai mēn kai akolasias kai pladēs kai lypēs ka thymou kai syllēbdēn tōn allōn hapantōn einai paraition auto kakōn ephēs, a empodizousin hēmōn tēn pros to kallion hormēn tēs chychēs, mē eōnta tōn hontōs hointōn eis katalēpsin hēmas kai gnōsin parelthein.
‘And indeed you said it is the cause of licentiousness, wandering, grief and anger, and in short of all other evils, which hinder the soul’s impulse toward what is better, not allowing us to come to the grasp and knowledge of what truly exists.
Notes and citation
Summary: He blamed the body for the passions.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius.
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Topics: Eschatology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.22.8 (Holl GCS 25/31:436; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-22-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.22.9Holl GCS 25/31:436–437
κἂν γὰρ ἐπιχειρήσωμεν θηρεῦσαί τι τῶν ὄντων, ἀεὶ παρεμπίπτων ζόφος ζοφοῖ τὸ λογισμόν, μὴ ἐπιτρέπων ἡμᾶς ἐπισκοπῆσαι τὸ ἀληθὲς τρανῶς. ἀπάτης μὲν γὰρ ἡ διὰ τῶν ὤτων ἡμῶν πεπλήρωται σκέψις, ὡς ἔφης, ἀΠάτης δὲ καὶ ἡ διὰ τῆς ὅψεως, ἀπάτης καὶ ἡ διὰ τῶν ἄλλων αἰσθήσεων.
kan gar epicheirēsōmen thēreusai ti tōn ontōn, aei parempiptōn zophos zophoi to logismon, mē epitrepōn hēmas episkopēsai to alēthes tranōs. apatēs men gar hē dia tōn ōtōn hēmōn peplērōtai skepsis, hōs ephēs, aPatēs de kai hē dia tēs hopseōs, apatēs kai hē dia tōn allōn aisthēseōn.
For even if we try to hunt out anything that exists, darkness always falls in and darkens our reasoning, not allowing us to examine the truth clearly. For inquiry through our ears is full of deceit, as you said, and deceit too is that through sight, and deceit that through the other senses.’
Notes and citation
Summary: He said the senses deceive.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius. The thought echoes Plato, Phaedo 65b–66a.
Extrabiblical texts: Plato, Phaed. 65b (Plato (works); allusion); Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.22.9 (Holl GCS 25/31:436–437; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-22-9). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.22.10Holl GCS 25/31:437
Ὀρᾷς, ἔφη, ὦ Εὐβούλιε, ὡς ἐγὼ ἕτοιμός εἰμί σε ἐπαινεῖν, ὁπόταν ὁρθῶς διασαφῇς τοὺς λόγους;
Orąs, ephē, ō Euboulie, hōs egō hetoimos eimi se epainein, hopotan horthōs diasaphę̄s tous logous?
‘You see, Eubulius,’ he said, ‘how ready I am to praise you when you explain the arguments rightly?’
Notes and citation
Summary: Aglaophon praises Eubulius (Methodius).
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius. Eubulius is Methodius’s name for himself in the dialogue.
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.22.10 (Holl GCS 25/31:437; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-22-10). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 64, chapter 23
64.23.1Holl GCS 25/31:437
23. Ἄρα οὖν, ἵνα δὴ με κα μᾶλλον ἐπαινεσῃς, εἶ δεσμὸς τὸ σῶμα καθʼ ὁμᾶς δοκεῖ, οὐ δὐναται κακίας υπαίτιον εἶναι νομίζεσθαι τῇ ψυχῇ, καὶ ἀδικίας ἔτι, ἀλλὰ σωφροσύνης ἀντιστρόφως καὶ παιδείας.
23. Ara oun, hina dē me ka mallon epainesę̄s, ei desmos to sōma kathʼ homas dokei, ou dynatai kakias ypaition einai nomizesthai tę̄ psychę̄, kai adikias eti, alla sōphrosynēs antistrophōs kai paideias.
‘Then, so that you may praise me even more: if the body seems to you all to be a bond, it cannot be thought responsible for the soul’s wickedness and injustice, but, on the contrary, for its self-control and discipline.
Notes and citation
Summary: A bond restrains; it does not cause sin.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius.
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Topics: Eschatology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.23.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:437; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-23-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.23.2Holl GCS 25/31:437
ὧδε δὲ σκόπει· οὔτω γὰρ ἂν μᾶλλον ἀκολουθήσειας. ποῖ ἄγομεν τοὺς τὰ κάμνοντας; οὐ παρὰ τοὺς ἰατρούς; Δῆλον, ἔφη.
hōde de skopei; outō gar an mallon akolouthēseias. poi agomen tous ta kamnontas? ou para tous iatrous? Dēlon, ephē.
Look at it this way, for so you will follow better. Where do we take the sick? Not to the physicians?’ ‘Plainly,’ he said.
Notes and citation
Summary: The sick go to physicians.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius.
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.23.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:437; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-23-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.23.3Holl GCS 25/31:437
Ποῖ δὲ τοὺς ἁμαρτάνοντας; οὐ παρὰ τοὺς δικαστάς; Ἀνάγκη. Οὐκοῦν δίκην ὧν ἔδρασαν δώσοντας, ἔφην, δικαίως; Ναί. Τὸ δὲ δίκαιον πάγκαλον; Ὡμολόγει. Ὁ δὲ δικαίως κρίνων καλῶς ποιεῖ· δικαίως γὰρ κρίνει; Συνέφη. Τὸ Τε καλὸν ὠφέλιμον; Φαίνεται.
Poi de tous hamartanontas? ou para tous dikastas? Anankē. Oukoun dikēn hōn edrasan dōsontas, ephēn, dikaiōs? Nai. To de dikaion pankalon? Hōmologei. Ho de dikaiōs krinōn kalōs poiei; dikaiōs gar krinei? Synephē. To Te kalon ōphelimon? Phainetai.
‘And where do we take wrongdoers? Not to the judges?’ ‘Necessarily.’ ‘Then to pay the penalty for what they have done,’ I said, ‘justly?’ ‘Yes.’ ‘And the just is altogether fine?’ He agreed. ‘And one who judges justly does well, for he judges justly?’ He assented. ‘And the fine is beneficial?’ ‘It appears so.’
Notes and citation
Summary: Just judgment is good and beneficial.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius.
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.23.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:437; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-23-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.23.4Holl GCS 25/31:437
Ὠφελοῦνται ἄρα οἶ κρινόμενοι. ἀναιρεῖται γὰρ αὐτῶν ταῖς βασάνοις ἡ πονηρία κωλυομένη, καθάπερ καὶ πρὸς τῶν ἰατρῶν τομαῖς καὶ φαρμάκοις αἱ νόσοι. τὸ γὰρ ἀδικοῦντα διδόναι δίκην ἐπανορθοῦσθαι τὴν ψυχήν ἐστι, τὴν μεγάλην νὀσον ἀδικίαν ἀποβάλλοντα. Ὡμολόγει.
Ōphelountai ara oi krinomenoi. anaireitai gar autōn tais basanois hē ponēria kōlyomenē, kathaper kai pros tōn iatrōn tomais kai pharmakois hai nosoi. to gar adikounta didonai dikēn epanorthousthai tēn psychēn esti, tēn megalēn noson adikian apoballonta. Hōmologei.
‘Then those judged are benefited. For their wickedness is removed and checked by the punishments, as diseases are by physicians’ cuttings and medicines. For for a wrongdoer to pay the penalty is to have his soul set right, casting off the great disease of injustice.’ He agreed.
Notes and citation
Summary: Punishment heals the soul.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius. The argument echoes Plato, Gorgias 477–478.
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Topics: Ethics
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.23.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:437; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-23-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.23.5Holl GCS 25/31:437–438
Τί δὲ; οὐ κατὰ ἀναλογίαν τῶν ἀμαρτηθέντων τὰς κολάσεις τοῖς κολαζομένοις ζομένοις δικαίως προσφέρεσθαι ψῂς, καθάπερ καὶ τοῖς ἰατρευομένοις κατὰ ἀναλογίαν τῶν τραυμάτων τὰς χειρουργίας; Ἐπένευσεν.
Ti de? ou kata analogian tōn amartēthentōn tas kolaseis tois kolazomenois zomenois dikaiōs prospheresthai psę̄s, kathaper kai tois iatreuomenois kata analogian tōn traumatōn tas cheirourgias? Epeneusen.
‘What then? Do you not say that punishments are justly applied to those punished in proportion to their sins, as surgery is to those treated in proportion to their wounds?’ He nodded.
Notes and citation
Summary: Punishment is proportioned to offense.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius.
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.23.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:437–438; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-23-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.23.6Holl GCS 25/31:438
Οὐκοῦν ὁ μὲν δράσας ἄξια θανάτου τιμᾶται θανάτῳ τὴν δίκην, ὁ δὲ πληγῶν πληγαῖς, ὁ δὲ δεσμῶν δεμοῖς; Ὠμολόγει.
Oukoun ho men drasas axia thanatou timatai thanatǭ tēn dikēn, ho de plēgōn plēgais, ho de desmōn demois? Ōmologei.
‘Then one who has done what deserves death is assessed death as his penalty, one who deserves blows, blows, and one who deserves bonds, bonds?’ He agreed.
Notes and citation
Summary: Penalties match deeds.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius.
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.23.6 (Holl GCS 25/31:438; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-23-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.23.7Holl GCS 25/31:438
Ζημιοῦται δὲ ὁ ὀφλήσας, ἔφην, δεσμοῖς ἢ πληγαῖς ἢ ἄλλῃ τινὶ τοιαύτῃ τιμωρίᾳ, ὅπως παύσηται μεταγνοὺς τοῦ ἀδικεῖν, ξύλον καθάπερ διεστραμμένον βασάνοις εὐθυνόμενος; Ἀληθέστατα, ἔφη, λέγεις.
Zēmioutai de ho ophlēsas, ephēn, desmois ē plēgais ē allę̄ tini toiautę̄ timōrią, hopōs pausētai metagnous tou adikein, xylon kathaper diestrammenon basanois euthynomenos? Alēthestata, ephē, legeis.
‘And the guilty man is penalized,’ I said, ‘with bonds or blows or some other such punishment, so that he may repent and stop doing wrong, being straightened by the torments like a warped piece of wood?’ ‘You speak most truly,’ he said.
Notes and citation
Summary: Punishment aims at amendment.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius.
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.23.7 (Holl GCS 25/31:438; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-23-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.23.8Holl GCS 25/31:438
Τιμωρεῖται γὰρ αὐτὸν οὐ τοῦ παρεληλυθότος ἐγκλήματος ἕνεκα ὁ δικαστής, ἀλλὰ τοῦ μέλλοντος, ὅπως μὴ καὶ αὖθις ποιήσῃ τοῦτο. Δῆλον, ἔφη.
Timōreitai gar auton ou tou parelēlythotos enklēmatos heneka ho dikastēs, alla tou mellontos, hopōs mē kai authis poiēsę̄ touto. Dēlon, ephē.
‘For the judge punishes him not for the sake of the past offense, but for the future, so that he may not do it again.’ ‘Plainly,’ he said.
Notes and citation
Summary: Punishment looks to the future.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius.
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.23.8 (Holl GCS 25/31:438; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-23-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.23.9Holl GCS 25/31:438
Ὁ γὰρ δεσμὸς αὐτῷ δῆλον ὡς τὴν πρὸς τὸ ἀδικεῖν ὁρμὴν ἀναιρεῖ, μὴ ἐπιτρέπων ποιεῖν ἃ θέλει. Αληθές.
Ho gar desmos autǭ dēlon hōs tēn pros to adikein hormēn anairei, mē epitrepōn poiein ha thelei. Alēthes.
‘For the bond plainly removes his impulse to do wrong, not allowing him to do what he wishes.’ ‘True.’
Notes and citation
Summary: A bond prevents wrongdoing.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius.
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.23.9 (Holl GCS 25/31:438; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-23-9). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.23.10Holl GCS 25/31:438
Οὐκοῦν εἴργεται τοῦ ἁμαρτάνειν, τῶν δεσμῶν μὴ ἐώντων ἐλευθεριάζοντα χρῆσθαι ταῖς ἡδοναῖς, ἀλλὰ συστελλόντων καὶ τὸ δίκαιον διδασκόντων τιμᾶν ἔστʼ ἂν αὐτὸς μάθῃ νουθετούμενος σωφρονεῖν. Φαίνεται, ἔλη.
Oukoun eirgetai tou hamartanein, tōn desmōn mē eōntōn eleutheriazonta chrēsthai tais hēdonais, alla systellontōn kai to dikaion didaskontōn timan estʼ an autos mathę̄ nouthetoumenos sōphronein. Phainetai, elē.
‘Then he is kept from sinning, the bonds not letting him indulge in pleasures freely, but restraining him and teaching him to honor justice, until, admonished, he himself learns self-control.’ ‘It appears so,’ he said.
Notes and citation
Summary: Bonds teach self-control.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius.
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.23.10 (Holl GCS 25/31:438; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-23-10). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.23.11Holl GCS 25/31:438
Οὐδὲ τοίνυν παραίτιος ὁ δεσμὸς γίγνεται τοῦ πλημμελεῖν. Ἔιοκε. Σωφρονίζει γὰρ καὶ ποιεῖ δικαιοτέρους ἀλεξιφάρμακον ὢν Ι ψυχῆς, αὐστρὸν μὲν καὶ δηκτικόν, ἀλλʼ ἰατικόν. Δῆλον, ἔλη.
Oude toinyn paraitios ho desmos gignetai tou plēmmelein. Eioke. Sōphronizei gar kai poiei dikaioterous alexipharmakon ōn I psychēs, austron men kai dēktikon, allʼ iatikon. Dēlon, elē.
‘So the bond does not become a cause of offending.’ ‘It seems not.’ ‘For it chastens and makes people more just, being a remedy for the soul, harsh and biting, but healing.’ ‘Plainly,’ he said.
Notes and citation
Summary: A bond is a harsh remedy.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius.
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.23.11 (Holl GCS 25/31:438; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-23-11). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.23.12Holl GCS 25/31:438–439
Τί γάρ; φέρε, ἐξετάζωμεν πάλιν τὰ ἔμπροσθε. οὐ δεσμὸν τὸ σῶμα διὰ τὴν παράβασιν δέδωκας εἶvαι τῆς ψυχῆς; Καὶ δίδωμι, ἔφη.
Ti gar? phere, exetazōmen palin ta emprosthe. ou desmon to sōma dia tēn parabasin dedōkas eivai tēs psychēs? Kai didōmi, ephē.
‘What then? Come, let us examine again what went before. Did you not grant that the body is a bond of the soul because of the transgression?’ ‘I grant it,’ he said.
Notes and citation
Summary: Aglaophon reaffirms the body is a bond.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius.
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.23.12 (Holl GCS 25/31:438–439; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-23-12). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.23.13Holl GCS 25/31:439
Ἀμαρτάωειν δὲ ψυχὴν μετὰ μετὰ σώματος, εἴπερ τὸ μοιχᾶσθαι. φονεύειν τε καὶ ἀσεβεῖν ἁμαρτία σοι δοκεῖ, ἃ μετὰ τοῦ σώμᾳτος ἡ ψυχὴ ποιεῖ; Ἐπένευσεν.
Amartaōein de psychēn meta meta sōmatos, eiper to moichasthai. phoneuein te kai asebein hamartia soi dokei, ha meta tou sōmątos hē psychē poiei? Epeneusen.
‘And that the soul sins with the body, if committing adultery, murder and impiety seem to you sin, which the soul does with the body?’ He nodded.
Notes and citation
Summary: The soul sins through the body.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius.
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.23.13 (Holl GCS 25/31:439; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-23-13). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.23.14Holl GCS 25/31:439
Ἀλλὰ τὸν δεσμώτην ὡμολογήσαμεν μὴ δύνασθαι ἀδικεῖν; Ὠμολογήσαμεν, ἔφη. Κωλύεσθαι δὲ ἀλγμνόμενον ὑπὸ τῶν δεσμῶν; Ναί. Ἐπένευσεν.
Alla ton desmōtēn hōmologēsamen mē dynasthai adikein? Ōmologēsamen, ephē. Kōlyesthai de algmnomenon hypo tōn desmōn? Nai. Epeneusen.
‘But we agreed that the prisoner cannot do wrong?’ ‘We agreed,’ he said. ‘And that he is prevented, being pained by the bonds?’ ‘Yes.’ He nodded.
Notes and citation
Summary: A prisoner cannot do wrong.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius.
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.23.14 (Holl GCS 25/31:439; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-23-14). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.23.15Holl GCS 25/31:439
Ἀλλὰ ἁμαρτάνομεν ὄντες ἐν σαρκί, ὁμοδοξούσης ἡμῖν εἰς τοῦτο τῆς σαρκός; Ἀμαρτάνομεν, ἔφη.
Alla hamartanomen ontes en sarki, homodoxousēs hēmin eis touto tēs sarkos? Amartanomen, ephē.
‘But we sin while in the flesh, the flesh agreeing with us in this?’ ‘We sin,’ he said.
Notes and citation
Summary: We sin in the flesh.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius.
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.23.15 (Holl GCS 25/31:439; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-23-15). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.23.16Holl GCS 25/31:439
Ὀ δὲ οὐ δύναται ἁμαρτάνειν; Καὶ ἐνταῦθα ἐπένευσεν. Ἄγχεται γάρ; Μὴ ἐώμενος ὑπὸ τοῦ δεσμοῦ;
O de ou dynatai hamartanein? Kai entautha epeneusen. Anchetai gar? Mē eōmenos hypo tou desmou?
‘But the one bound cannot sin?’ Here too he nodded. ‘For he is constrained?’ ‘Not being allowed by the bond?’
Notes and citation
Summary: The bound cannot sin.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius. The exchange is compressed in the text.
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.23.16 (Holl GCS 25/31:439; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-23-16). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.23.17Holl GCS 25/31:439
Ἀλλὰ τὸ μὲν σῶμα πρὸς τὸ ἁμαρτῆσαι συνεργόν; Ναί. Εἴργει δὲ ὁ δεσμός;
Alla to men sōma pros to hamartēsai synergon? Nai. Eirgei de ho desmos?
‘But the body is a helper toward sinning?’ ‘Yes.’ ‘And the bond prevents it?’
Notes and citation
Summary: The body helps sin; a bond prevents it.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius.
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.23.17 (Holl GCS 25/31:439; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-23-17). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.23.18Holl GCS 25/31:439
Οὐκ ἄρα τὸ σῶμα δεσμός, οὔτε κατὰ σὲ οὔτε κατὰ κατὰ ἄλλον, ἔφην, ὦ Ἀλγαοφῶν, ἀλλὰ πρὸς ἑκάτερον τῇ ψυχῇ συνεργόν, εἴτε πρὸς τὸ ἀγαθὸν εἴτε πρὸς τὸ κακόν. Συνεχώρει.
Ouk ara to sōma desmos, oute kata se oute kata kata allon, ephēn, ō Algaophōn, alla pros hekateron tę̄ psychę̄ synergon, eite pros to agathon eite pros to kakon. Synechōrei.
‘So the body is not a bond, neither in your view nor anyone else’s, Aglaophon,’ I said, ‘but a helper to the soul toward either, whether toward good or toward evil.’ He conceded.
Notes and citation
Summary: The body is the soul’s helper, not its prison.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius.
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Topics: Eschatology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.23.18 (Holl GCS 25/31:439; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-23-18). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 64, chapter 24
64.24.1Holl GCS 25/31:439
24. Οὐκοῦν οὕτω δὴ τούτων ἐχόντων ἀπολόγησαι, ὦ ’Αγλαοξῶν, πρὸς ἃ πρῶτον ὑπέθου. ἔφης γὰρ δεσμὸν καὶ εἰρκτὴν καὶ πέδας τὸ σῶμα τῆς ψυχῆς ἐν τοῖς ἔμπροσθεν. καὶ ὁρᾷς ὡς οὐ συνᾴδουσι τούτοις ἃ ἔρης;
24. Oukoun houtō dē toutōn echontōn apologēsai, ō ’Aglaoxōn, pros ha prōton hypethou. ephēs gar desmon kai eirktēn kai pedas to sōma tēs psychēs en tois emprosthen. kai horąs hōs ou synądousi toutois ha erēs?
‘Since this is so, then, answer, Aglaophon, to what you first supposed. For you said earlier that the body is the soul’s bond, prison and fetters. And do you see that what you say does not agree with this?
Notes and citation
Summary: Aglaophon’s positions do not agree.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius.
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.24.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:439; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-24-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.24.2Holl GCS 25/31:439–440
πῶς γὰρ συᾴδοιεν, εἴπερ γε ἀνάγκη, ὦ ἄριστε, δεσμὸν μὲν τὴν σάρκα νομίζεσθαι, τὴν δὲ ψυχὴν συνεργῷ πρὸς ἀδικίαν χρῆσθαι καὶ συμπράκτορι τῷ δεσμῷ, δπερ ἀδόνατον;
pōs gar syądoien, eiper ge anankē, ō ariste, desmon men tēn sarka nomizesthai, tēn de psychēn synergǭ pros adikian chrēsthai kai sympraktori tǭ desmǭ, dper adonaton?
For how could they agree, if, my excellent friend, the flesh must be thought a bond, while the soul uses the bond as helper and accomplice toward wrongdoing, which is impossible?
Notes and citation
Summary: A bond cannot also be an accomplice.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius.
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.24.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:439–440; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-24-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.24.3Holl GCS 25/31:440
εἰ γὰρ διὰ τὴν ἀμαρτίαν βασανιστήριον ἐδόθη, πρὸς τὸ ἀλγυνθεῖαν εἰς τὸ τιμᾶν τὸν θεὸν παιδευθῆναι τὴν ψυχήν, πῶς συνεργεῖ καὶ συναγωνίζεται τὸ σῶμα αὐτῇ πρὸς τὸ ἀδικεῖν; δεσμοὶ γὰρ καὶ φυλακαὶ καὶ πέδαι καὶ συλλήβδην αἱ τοιαῦται πάσαι πρὸς ἀπανόρθωδιν τιμωροὶ μηχαναὶ ἐφεκτικαὶ τοῦ ἀδικεῖν καὶ ἁμαρτάνειν τοῖς κολαζομένοις γίγνονται, οὐ γὰρ ὅπως ὁ ἀδικήσας ἀδικήσῃ πλέον,
ei gar dia tēn amartian basanistērion edothē, pros to algyntheian eis to timan ton theon paideuthēnai tēn psychēn, pōs synergei kai synagōnizetai to sōma autę̄ pros to adikein? desmoi gar kai phylakai kai pedai kai syllēbdēn hai toiautai pasai pros apanorthōdin timōroi mēchanai ephektikai tou adikein kai hamartanein tois kolazomenois gignontai, ou gar hopōs ho adikēsas adikēsę̄ pleon,
For if it was given because of sin as an instrument of torment, so that the soul, being pained, might be trained to honor God, how does the body cooperate and join with it in doing wrong? For bonds, prisons, fetters and in short all such punitive devices for correction serve to check the punished from doing wrong and sinning; for not so that the wrongdoer may do more wrong
Notes and citation
Summary: Instruments of punishment restrain wrongdoing.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius.
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.24.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:440; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-24-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.24.4Holl GCS 25/31:440
συνεργὸς αὐτῷ πρὸς τὸ ἀδικεῖν ὁ δεσμὸς δίδοται, ἀλλʼ ὅπως λήξῃ τοῦ ἀδικεῖν, βασανιζόμενος διὰ τῶν δεσμὼν. καὶ γὰρ οἱ δικασταὶ ταύτῃ πεδοῦσι τοὺς φαύλους.
synergos autǭ pros to adikein ho desmos didotai, allʼ hopōs lēxę̄ tou adikein, basanizomenos dia tōn desmōn. kai gar hoi dikastai tautę̄ pedousi tous phaulous.
is the bond given him as a helper in wrongdoing, but so that he may cease from wrongdoing, being tormented by the bonds. And judges fetter the wicked for this purpose.
Notes and citation
Summary: Bonds are given to stop wrongdoing.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius.
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.24.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:440; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-24-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.24.5Holl GCS 25/31:440
κωλύονται γάρ, κἂν μὴ βούλωνται, κακοποιεῖν ὑπὸ τῶν δεσμῶν· ἐλευθεριαζόντων δὲ κακουργεῖν ἐστι καὶ ζώντων ἀφυσάκτως, ἀλλʼ οὐ πεπεδημένων.
kōlyontai gar, kan mē boulōntai, kakopoiein hypo tōn desmōn; eleutheriazontōn de kakourgein esti kai zōntōn aphysaktōs, allʼ ou pepedēmenōn.
For they are prevented by the bonds from doing evil even if they do not wish it; doing evil belongs to those who are free and live unguarded, not to those who are fettered.
Notes and citation
Summary: Only the free can do evil.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius.
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.24.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:440; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-24-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.24.6Holl GCS 25/31:440
ὁ δὲ ἄνθρωπος πρῶτον μὲν ἐφόνευσε κατὰ τὸν Κάϊν, ηἠξήθη πρὸς ἀπιστίαν, εἰδώλοις προσέσχεν, ἀπεστάτησε θεοῦ. καὶ πῶς αὐτῷ δεσμὸς τὸ σῶμα ἐδόθη; ἢ πῶς ὁ θεὸς μετὰ τὸ πρὸ σώματος ἀνομῆσαι τὸν ἄνθρωπον συνεργὸν πρὸς ἀδικίαν αὐτῷ μείζονα τὸ σῶμα ἔδοτο;
ho de anthrōpos prōton men ephoneuse kata ton Kaïn, ēēxēthē pros apistian, eidōlois proseschen, apestatēse theou. kai pōs autǭ desmos to sōma edothē? ē pōs ho theos meta to pro sōmatos anomēsai ton anthrōpon synergon pros adikian autǭ meizona to sōma edoto?
But man first committed murder, as Cain did, grew in unbelief, gave himself to idols, rebelled against God. How then was the body given him as a bond? Or how, after man had transgressed before the body, did God give him the body as a greater helper toward wrongdoing?
Gen 4:8 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: History of sin shows the body is no restraining bond.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius.
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Topics: Eschatology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.24.6 (Holl GCS 25/31:440; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-24-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.24.7Holl GCS 25/31:440
πῶς δὲ καὶ μετὰ τὴν κατασκευὴν τοῦ δεσμοῦ τό »ιδού, πρὸ προσώπου σου« λέγεται »τέρεικα τὴν ζωὴν καὶ τὸν θάνατον, ἔκγεξαι τὴν ζωήν, τὸ ἀγαθὸν καὶ τὸ πονηρόν, ἔκλεξαι τὸ ἀγαθόν« καί »ἐὰν θέλητε καὶ εἰσακούσητέ μου«. ταῦτα γὰρ ὡς αὐτεξουσιάζοντι καὶ οὐχ ὡς ὑπὸ δεσμὰ καὶ ἀνάγκην ἀγομένῳ ἐρρήθη.
pōs de kai meta tēn kataskeuēn tou desmou to »idou, pro prosōpou sou« legetai »tereika tēn zōēn kai ton thanaton, ekgexai tēn zōēn, to agathon kai to ponēron, eklexai to agathon« kai »ean thelēte kai eisakousēte mou«. tauta gar hōs autexousiazonti kai ouch hōs hypo desma kai anankēn agomenǭ errēthē.
And how, after the bond was made, is it said, “Behold, I have set before your face life and death; choose life; good and evil; choose the good,” and, “If you are willing and listen to me”? For these were said to one with free will, not to one led under bonds and compulsion.
Deut 30:15 (quotation, high confidence) · Deut 30:19 (quotation, high confidence) · Isa 1:19 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Scripture addresses man as free.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius.
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Topics: Ethics
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.24.7 (Holl GCS 25/31:440; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-24-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.24.8Holl GCS 25/31:440
ὥδτε ἐκ παντὸς συνίστασθαι μήτε πέδας ἢ φυλακὴν ἢ δεσμοὺς <δεῖν> νουίζειν τὸ σῶμα μήτε δεσμώτιδας γῆς διὰ ταῦτα ψυχάς, χοïκαῖς κατακρίνοντος αὐτὰς τοῦ θεοῦ δεθῆναι πέδαις.
hōdte ek pantos synistasthai mēte pedas ē phylakēn ē desmous <dein> nouizein to sōma mēte desmōtidas gēs dia tauta psychas, choikais katakrinontos autas tou theou dethēnai pedais.
So it is established in every way that one must not think the body fetters or prison or bonds, nor souls prisoners of the earth for this reason, as though God condemned them to be bound in earthly fetters.
Notes and citation
Summary: The body is not a prison.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius.
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Topics: Eschatology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.24.8 (Holl GCS 25/31:440; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-24-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.24.9Holl GCS 25/31:440–441
πῶς γάρ, ὁπότε μὴ δύναται ἀποδειχθῆνκι τοῦτο; ἄτοπον δὲ κἀκεῖνο προφανῶς τὸ οἴεσθαι τὸ σῶμα ἐν τῇ κατὰ τοὺς αἰῶνας διαγωγῇ μὴ συνέσεσθαι τῇ ψυχῇ διὰ δεσμὸν αὐτὸ καὶ καὶ πέδας εῖναι, ἵνα μὴ αἰώνιοι Πιώμεθα κατάκριτοι δεσμῶται κατ6 αὐτοὺς φθορᾶς, ἐν τῇ βασιλείᾳ τοῦ φωτὸς ἐσόμενοτ.
pōs gar, hopote mē dynatai apodeichthēnki touto? atopon de kakeino prophanōs to oiesthai to sōma en tę̄ kata tous aiōnas diagōgę̄ mē synesesthai tę̄ psychę̄ dia desmon auto kai kai pedas einai, hina mē aiōnioi Piōmetha katakritoi desmōtai kat6 autous phthoras, en tę̄ basileią tou phōtos esomenot.
How could it be, when this cannot be proved? And that too is plainly absurd, to think that the body will not be with the soul in the life of the ages because it is bonds and fetters, lest, according to them, we become eternal condemned prisoners of corruption when we are in the kingdom of light.
Notes and citation
Summary: It is absurd to exclude the body from eternal life.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius.
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Topics: Eschatology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.24.9 (Holl GCS 25/31:440–441; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-24-9). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.24.10Holl GCS 25/31:441
λελυμένου γὰρ ἱκανῶς καὶ ἐξελεγχθέντος τοῦ λόγου, ἐν ᾦ »δεσμὸν τῆς ψυχῆς« ὡρίσαντο εἰναι τὶν σάρκα, λέλυται καὶ τό· »ἵνα μὴ δεσμῶται δεʼ αὐτὴν ἐν τῇ βασιλείᾳ τοῦ φωτὸς — ἢν ἀπολαμβάνωμεν — ἐσόμεθα, διὰ τοῦτο οὐκ ἀναστήδεται«.
lelymenou gar hikanōs kai exelenchthentos tou logou, en ǭ »desmon tēs psychēs« hōrisanto einai tin sarka, lelytai kai to; »hina mē desmōtai deʼ autēn en tę̄ basileią tou phōtos — ēn apolambanōmen — esometha, dia touto ouk anastēdetai«.
For since the argument in which they defined the flesh as “a bond of the soul” has been sufficiently undone and refuted, this too is undone: “So that we may not be prisoners through it in the kingdom of light — if we receive it — for this reason it will not rise.”
Notes and citation
Summary: Their conclusion falls with their premise.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius.
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Topics: Eschatology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.24.10 (Holl GCS 25/31:441; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-24-10). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 64, chapter 25
64.25.1Holl GCS 25/31:441
Ποταπὸν γὰρ λοιπὸν εἰς πειθὼ τοῖς δυσχεραίνουσιν ἔτερον ἀλή- θευμα χρὴ δεικνύναι τῶν εἰρημένων ἀναρέστερον, οὖ ἀνέξονται; ἀλλὰ ταύτην μὲν αὐτῶν τὴν φιλονεικίαν καὶ ἐκ τούτων ἄν τις καἰ ἐξ ἐτέρων ἐλέγχοι πλειόνων.
Potapon gar loipon eis peithō tois dyscherainousin eteron alē- theuma chrē deiknynai tōn eirēmenōn anaresteron, ou anexontai? alla tautēn men autōn tēn philoneikian kai ek toutōn an tis kai ex eterōn elenchoi pleionōn.
What other truth, then, more pleasing than what has been said, must one show to persuade the discontented, which they will bear? But this contentiousness of theirs one could refute both from these things and from many others.
Notes and citation
Summary: Their contentiousness can be refuted in many ways.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius.
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.25.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:441; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-25-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.25.2Holl GCS 25/31:441
ἀποδείξομεν γὰρ ἐν τοὶς ἐξῆς προβαίνοντος τοῦ λόγου φύσεως ἀληθεύμασι καὶ οὐκ εἰκασίαις μήτε τὸν ’Ιερεμίαν »δεσμίους« ἠμᾶς »γῆς« διὰ τὴν πρὸν τὸ σῶμα κοινωνίαν εἰρηκέναι μήτε τὸν Δαυ δ κατὰ τοῦτο »πεπεδημένους«. ἄξιον γὰρ καὶ ταῦτα προφέρειν ἐν οῖς μάλιστα φαίνονται διαπίπτοντες.
apodeixomen gar en tois exēs probainontos tou logou physeōs alētheumasi kai ouk eikasiais mēte ton ’Ieremian »desmious« ēmas »gēs« dia tēn pron to sōma koinōnian eirēkenai mēte ton Dau d kata touto »pepedēmenous«. axion gar kai tauta propherein en ois malista phainontai diapiptontes.
For we shall show, as the discussion proceeds, by truths of nature and not by conjectures, that neither did Jeremiah call us “prisoners of the earth” because of our union with the body, nor David call us “fettered” in this sense. For it is worth bringing these forward too, where they most clearly fail.
Lam 3:34 (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 68:6 (67:7 LXX) (allusion, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The texts about prisoners will be explained later.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius.
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.25.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:441; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-25-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.25.3Holl GCS 25/31:441
περὶ μὲν οὖν τῶν δερματίνων χιτώνων καὶ ὄτι πρὸ τῆς κατασκευῆς αὐτῶν οἰ πρωτόπλαστοι διῆγον μετὰ σώματος, ἀθανασίας ἀπολαύοντες, ἔτι τε καὶ ὡς οὐ δύναται τὸ σῶμα δεσμὸς καὶ εἱρκτὴ νομίζεσθαι, τὰ προσήκοντα εἰπών, ὦ ἄνδρες δικασταί (δικαστὰς ὁμᾶς τῶν λόγων, ὦ κράτιστε Θεόφιλε, καλῶ), τρέψομαι λοιπόν ἐπὶ τὰ ἀκόλουθα, καθάπερ ὑπεσχόμην, τῶν προκειμένων, ἵνʼ εὐκρινέστερον ιδωμεν ὃ βουσόμεθα.
peri men oun tōn dermatinōn chitōnōn kai oti pro tēs kataskeuēs autōn oi prōtoplastoi diēgon meta sōmatos, athanasias apolauontes, eti te kai hōs ou dynatai to sōma desmos kai heirktē nomizesthai, ta prosēkonta eipōn, ō andres dikastai (dikastas homas tōn logōn, ō kratiste Theophile, kalō), trepsomai loipon epi ta akoloutha, kathaper hypeschomēn, tōn prokeimenōn, hinʼ eukrinesteron idōmen ho bousometha.
About the coats of skin, then, and that before they were made the first-formed lived with a body, enjoying immortality, and further that the body cannot be thought a bond and prison, having said what is fitting, gentlemen of the jury (I call you judges of the arguments, most excellent Theophilus), I will now turn to what follows from the matters before us, as I promised, so that we may see more distinctly what we want.
Notes and citation
Summary: Methodius, addressing Theophilus, moves to the next point.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius. Theophilus is the addressee of the retold dialogue.
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Topics: Eschatology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.25.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:441; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-25-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 64, chapter 26
64.26.1Holl GCS 25/31:441–442
26. Ὀ τῶν ὅλων δημιουργὸς θεός, ἐπειδὴ τὸ πᾶν εὐτάκτως συνεστή σατο καθάπερ μεγάλην πόλιν καὶ διεκόσμησε προστάσσων τῷ λόγῳ, ἕκαστόν τε αὐτῷ συμφώνως ἥρμοστο στοιχεῖον καὶ πάντα ζῴων πεπλήρωτο διαφοραῖς, ἴνα τελείως ὁ κόσμος εἰς κάλλος αὐξηθῇ, παντοίας φύσεως ζωοτοκήσας μορφάς, ἄστρα μὲν κατὰ τὸν οὐρανὸν καὶ πτηνὰ κατὰ τὸν ἀέρα, τετράποδα δὲ κατὰ τὴν γῆν καὶ νηκτὰ κατὰ τὸ ὕδωρ, τελευταῖον τὸν ἄνθρωπον, προετοιμάσας ὡς οἰκίαν αὐτῷ καλλίστην τὸ πᾶν, πᾶν,
26. O tōn holōn dēmiourgos theos, epeidē to pan eutaktōs synestē sato kathaper megalēn polin kai diekosmēse prostassōn tǭ logǭ, hekaston te autǭ symphōnōs hērmosto stoicheion kai panta zǭōn peplērōto diaphorais, ina teleiōs ho kosmos eis kallos auxēthę̄, pantoias physeōs zōotokēsas morphas, astra men kata ton ouranon kai ptēna kata ton aera, tetrapoda de kata tēn gēn kai nēkta kata to hydōr, teleutaion ton anthrōpon, proetoimasas hōs oikian autǭ kallistēn to pan, pan,
God, the maker of all, when he had constituted the universe in good order like a great city and adorned it by commanding with his word, and had fitted each element harmoniously to it and filled all with varieties of living things, so that the world might grow perfectly to beauty, having brought forth forms of every nature — stars in the heaven and birds in the air, four-footed animals on the earth and swimming creatures in the water — last of all brought man into the world, having prepared the universe beforehand as a most beautiful house for him,
Gen 1:26 (allusion, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: God made man last, as the crown of creation.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius. The words “the universe” are doubled in the digital text.
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.26.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:441–442; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-26-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.26.2Holl GCS 25/31:442
τῆς ἰδίας εἰκόνος ἐμφερὲς εἰς τὸν κόσμον εἰσήγαγεν, ἄγαλμα ὡς ἐν ναῷ καλῷ φαιδρὸν ταῖς ἑαυτοῦ χερσὶ κατασκευάσας.
tēs idias eikonos empheres eis ton kosmon eisēgagen, agalma hōs en naǭ kalǭ phaidron tais heautou chersi kataskeuasas.
resembling his own image, making him with his own hands like a bright statue in a beautiful temple.
Gen 1:27 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Man is God’s image in the world.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius.
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.26.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:442; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-26-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.26.3Holl GCS 25/31:442
ἠπέστατο γὰρ ὅτι πάντως ὄπερ ἄν τῇ τεχνήσηται χειρί, ἐξ ἀνάγκης ἔσται ἀθάνατον, ἅτε ἀθανασίας ἔργον ὄν.
ēpestato gar hoti pantōs oper an tę̄ technēsētai cheiri, ex anankēs estai athanaton, hate athanasias ergon on.
For he knew that whatever he fashioned with his own hand would necessarily be immortal, being the work of immortality.
Notes and citation
Summary: What God makes by his hand is immortal.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius.
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Topics: Eschatology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.26.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:442; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-26-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.26.4Holl GCS 25/31:442
ἀθανασᾳ γὰρ ἀθάνατα τὰ ἀθάνατα γέγνεται, καθάπερ καὶ τὰ κακὰ κακίᾳ κακὰ καὶ τὰ ἄδικα ἀδικίᾳ δικα. οὐ γὰρ δικαιοπραγεῖν ἔργον τὸ ἀδικεῖν ἀλλὰ ἀδικίας, οὐδʼ αὖ ἀδικίας ἀντιστρόφως τὸ δικαιοπραγεῖν ἔργον ἀλλὰ δικαιοσύνης, ὥσπερ οὐδὲ ἀφθαρσίας τὸ φθείρεσθαι ποιεῖν ἀλλὰ φθορᾶς, οὐδὲ φθορᾶς τὸ ἀθανατίζειν ἀλλʼ ἀφθαρσίας.
athanasą gar athanata ta athanata gegnetai, kathaper kai ta kaka kakią kaka kai ta adika adikią dika. ou gar dikaiopragein ergon to adikein alla adikias, oudʼ au adikias antistrophōs to dikaiopragein ergon alla dikaiosynēs, hōsper oude aphtharsias to phtheiresthai poiein alla phthoras, oude phthoras to athanatizein allʼ aphtharsias.
For immortal things become immortal by immortality, as evil things are evil by evil, and unjust things unjust by injustice. For doing wrong is not the work of acting justly but of injustice, nor conversely is acting justly the work of injustice but of justice, just as causing corruption is not the work of incorruption but of corruption, nor is making immortal the work of corruption but of incorruption.
Notes and citation
Summary: A thing’s maker determines its nature.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius.
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.26.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:442; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-26-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.26.5Holl GCS 25/31:442
σίας. καὶ συλλήβδην οἶον ἂν ᾖ τὸ ποιοῦν, κατὰ τὸν αὐτὸν οὕτως λόγον τοιοῦτο καὶ τὸ ποιούμενον ἐξ ἀνάγκης ἀπεργάζεσθαι συμβαίνει.
sias. kai syllēbdēn oion an ę̄ to poioun, kata ton auton houtōs logon toiouto kai to poioumenon ex anankēs apergazesthai symbainei.
And in short, whatever the maker is, by the same principle the thing made necessarily turns out to be such.
Notes and citation
Summary: The product resembles its maker.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius. The section begins with the end of a word split from 64.26.4.
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.26.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:442; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-26-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.26.6Holl GCS 25/31:442
ὁ Τε δεὸς ἀθανασία καὶ ζωὴ καὶ ἀφθαρσία, ἔργον δὲ ἄνθρωπος θεοῦ. πᾶν δὲ τὸ ὑπὸ ἀθανασίας ἐργασθὲν ἀθάνατον· ἀθάνατος ἄρα ὁ ἄνθρωπος. διὸ δὴ τὸν μὲν ἄνθρωπον αὐτούργησεν αὐτός, τὰ δὲ λοιπὰ γένη τῶν ζῴων ἀέρι καὶ γῇ καὶ ὔδατι προσέταξε φέρειν.
ho Te deos athanasia kai zōē kai aphtharsia, ergon de anthrōpos theou. pan de to hypo athanasias ergasthen athanaton; athanatos ara ho anthrōpos. dio dē ton men anthrōpon autourgēsen autos, ta de loipa genē tōn zǭōn aeri kai gę̄ kai ydati prosetaxe pherein.
God is immortality, life and incorruption, and man is God’s work. Everything made by immortality is immortal; so man is immortal. That is why he made man himself with his own hands, but commanded air, earth and water to bring forth the other kinds of living things.
Gen 1:20 (allusion, high confidence) · Gen 1:24 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Man, God’s own work, is immortal.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius.
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Topics: Eschatology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.26.6 (Holl GCS 25/31:442; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-26-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.26.7Holl GCS 25/31:442
ἄνθρωπος δὲ ἀληθέστατα λέγεται κατὰ φύσιν οὔτε ψυχὴ χωρἰς σώμακτος οὔτʼ αὖ σῶμα χωρʼς ψυχῆς, ἀλλὰ τὸ ἐκ συστάσεως ψυχῆς καὶ σώματος εἰς μίαν τὴν τοῦ καλοῦ μορφὴν συντεθέν. ὅθεν ἐντεῦθεν ἀθάνατον δὴ τὸν ἄνθρωπον γεγονέναι φαίνεται, φθαρᾶς τε ἁπάσης καἰ νόσων ἐκτός.
anthrōpos de alēthestata legetai kata physin oute psychē chōris sōmaktos outʼ au sōma chōrʼs psychēs, alla to ek systaseōs psychēs kai sōmatos eis mian tēn tou kalou morphēn syntethen. hothen enteuthen athanaton dē ton anthrōpon gegonenai phainetai, phtharas te hapasēs kai nosōn ektos.
And man is most truly said by nature to be neither soul without body, nor again body without soul, but what is composed from the union of soul and body into the one form of the beautiful. Hence it appears that man was made immortal, free from all corruption and disease.
Notes and citation
Summary: Man is the union of soul and body, made immortal.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius.
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Topics: Eschatology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.26.7 (Holl GCS 25/31:442; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-26-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.26.8Holl GCS 25/31:442–443
μάθοι δʼ ἄν τις τοῦτο καὶ ἀπὸ τῆς γραφῆς ἱκανῶς. ἐπὶ μὲν γὰρ τῶν ἄλλων, ὁπόσα χρόνων μετακοσμοῦνται διαστολαῖς ἡβῶνατα καὶ γηράσκοντα, »ἐξαγαγέτω« λέγεται» τὰ ὕδατα ἐρπετὰ ψυχῶν ζωσῶν καὶ πετεινὰ πετόμενα ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς κατὰ τὸ στερέωμα τοῦ οὐρανοῦ« καί »ἐξαγαγέτω ἡ γῆ ψυχὴν ζῶσαν κατὰ γένος, τετράποδα καὶ ἐπετὰ καὶ θηρία τῆς γῆς κατὰ γένος«·
mathoi dʼ an tis touto kai apo tēs graphēs hikanōs. epi men gar tōn allōn, hoposa chronōn metakosmountai diastolais hēbōnata kai gēraskonta, »exagagetō« legetai» ta hydata erpeta psychōn zōsōn kai peteina petomena epi tēs gēs kata to stereōma tou ouranou« kai »exagagetō hē gē psychēn zōsan kata genos, tetrapoda kai epeta kai thēria tēs gēs kata genos«;
One could learn this sufficiently from Scripture too. For of the other creatures, which change with the intervals of time, growing young and old, it is said, “Let the waters bring forth creeping things with living souls, and birds flying over the earth across the firmament of heaven,” and, “Let the earth bring forth living souls according to kind, four-footed animals and creeping things and wild beasts of the earth according to kind”;
Gen 1:20 (quotation, high confidence) · Gen 1:24 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Other creatures were brought forth by the elements.
- Methodius quoted by Epiphanius.
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.26.8 (Holl GCS 25/31:442–443; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-26-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
64.26.9Holl GCS 25/31:443
ἐπὶ δὲ τοῦ ἀνθρώπου ὠσαύτως ἐκείνοις οὐκέτι, ἐξαγαγέτω ἡ γῆ ἢ ἐξαγαγέτω τὰ ὕδατα ἢ φωστῆρες, ἀλλὰ »ποιήσωμεν ἄνθρωπον κκτʼ ἐἰκόνα καὶ καθʼ ὁμοίωσιν ἡμετέραν, καὶ ἀρχέτωσαν τῶν ἐχθύων τῆς θαλάσσης καὶ τῶν πετει τῶν τοῦ οὐρανοῦ καὶ πάντων τῶν κτηνῶν« καῖ »ἔλαβεν ὁ θεὸς χοῦν ἄπὸ τῆς τῆς καὶ ἔπλασε τὸν ἄνθρωπον«.
epi de tou anthrōpou ōsautōs ekeinois ouketi, exagagetō hē gē ē exagagetō ta hydata ē phōstēres, alla »poiēsōmen anthrōpon kktʼ eikona kai kathʼ homoiōsin hēmeteran, kai archetōsan tōn echthyōn tēs thalassēs kai tōn petei tōn tou ouranou kai pantōn tōn ktēnōn« kai »elaben ho theos choun apo tēs tēs kai eplase ton anthrōpon«.
but of man, not in the same way as of them — “Let the earth bring forth,” or “Let the waters,” or the luminaries — but, “Let us make man in our image and likeness, and let them rule over the fish of the sea and the birds of heaven and all the cattle,” and, “God took dust from the earth and formed man.”
Gen 1:26 (quotation, high confidence) · Gen 2:7 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Man alone was made by God’s own counsel and hand.
- Methodius, On the Resurrection, quoted by Epiphanius.
Extrabiblical texts: Methodius of Olympus, Res. (Methodius of Olympus, Methodius, On the Resurrection; quotation)
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 64.26.9 (Holl GCS 25/31:443; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/64-17-1/#p-64-26-9). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.