Sophia Scriptura

Judith in the early church

[in RC, EO, ETH canons]

Texts outside the 66 books of the Protestant Bible. A bracket shows which other churches include a book in their Old Testament canon: RC = Roman Catholic, EO = Eastern Orthodox, ETH = Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo.

47 passages cite it, in date order.

PassageCitesKindDate
1 Clement 55.4 · Clement of Rome8.33allusion, high confidenceca. 95–97 (range ca. 70–100)
1 Clement 55.5 · Clement of Rome13.15allusion, high confidenceca. 95–97 (range ca. 70–100)
1 Clement 59.3 · Clement of Rome9.11allusion, medium confidenceca. 95–97 (range ca. 70–100)
Miscellanies 4.19.118 · Clement of Alexandria8–13allusion, high confidenceca. 198–203
On Monogamy 16 · Tertullian8.1-8allusion, high confidenceca. 210–217
Letter to Aristides 5 · Julius Africanus14.10allusion, high confidenceca. 220–240
Fragment 43 · Julius Africanus2.4allusion, medium confidenceafter 221
Commentary on John 2.143 · Origen9.2allusion, high confidenceca. 230–248
Commentary on John 13.168 · Origen9.11quotation, high confidenceca. 230–248
On Prayer 13.2 · Origen13.4–10allusion, high confidenceca. 233–234
On Prayer 13.2 · Origen14.18quotation, high confidenceca. 233–234
On Prayer 16.3 · Origen13.8allusion, medium confidenceca. 233–234
On Prayer 29.3 · Origen8.25–27quotation, high confidenceca. 233–234
Homilies on Judges 9.1 · Origen13.8allusion, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
Homilies on Numbers 27.1 · Origen—allusion, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
Homilies on Jeremiah 20.7 · Origen12allusion, high confidenceca. 240
Letter to Africanus 15 · Origen—allusion, high confidenceca. 240–245
Symposium 11.2 · Methodius of Olympus13.1-10allusion, high confidencelate 3rd century
Church History 1.7.13 · Eusebius of Caesarea14.10allusion, medium confidenceca. 300–325
Oration I Against the Arians 21 · Athanasius of Alexandria8.16allusion, low confidenceca. 339–346
Long recension, Philadelphians 5 · Anonymous—allusion, high confidencelater 4th century (probable)
Tractates on the Psalms 0.15 · Hilary of Poitiers—echo, low confidenceca. 360–367
Letter 22.21 · Jerome13.8allusion, high confidenceca. 370–419
Letter 54.16 · Jerome8.5-6allusion, high confidenceca. 370–419
Letter 54.16 · Jerome13.8allusion, high confidenceca. 370–419
Letter 65.1 · Jerome13.8allusion, low confidenceca. 370–419
Letter 76.3 · Jerome13.8allusion, medium confidenceca. 370–419
Letter 79.11 · Jerome13.8allusion, high confidenceca. 370–419
On the Holy Spirit 8.19 · Basil of Caesarea9.5–6quotation, high confidenceca. 374–375
Apostolic Canon 85 · Anonymous—allusion, high confidenceca. 380
Apostolic Constitutions 3.7.6 · Anonymous8allusion, medium confidenceca. 380
Apostolic Constitutions 5.20.16 · Anonymous8.6allusion, medium confidenceca. 380
Apostolic Constitutions 7.38.2 · Anonymous13.1-20allusion, low confidenceca. 380
Apostolic Constitutions 8.25.2 · Anonymous8.4-8allusion, high confidenceca. 380
On Virgins 2.4 · Ambrose10.3–4allusion, high confidenceca. 377
On the Duties of the Clergy 3.13 · Ambrose10.14–13.10allusion, high confidenceca. 386–390
On the Duties of the Clergy 3.13 · Ambrose16.10allusion, medium confidenceca. 386–390
On the Duties of the Clergy 3.13 · Ambrose8.10–36allusion, medium confidenceca. 386–390
On Christian Doctrine 2.8 · Augustine of Hippo—allusion, high confidenceBooks 1–3 ca. 396–397; completed 426–427
Canon 47 · Anonymous—allusion, high confidence397
Greek Questions to the Christians 3.4 · Anonymous9.5–6allusion, medium confidence5th century (disputed)
Questions and Answers to the Orthodox 114–116 · Anonymous9.5allusion, medium confidence5th century (disputed)
Apology against Rufinus 1.18 · Jerome10-13allusion, high confidenceca. 401–402
Commentary on the Apostles' Creed 38 · Rufinus of Aquileia—allusion, high confidenceca. 404
City of God 16.13 · Augustine of Hippo5.5–9quotation, high confidence413–426
City of God 18.26 · Augustine of Hippo—allusion, medium confidence413–426
On Nature and Grace 42 · Augustine of Hippo—allusion, high confidence415