Second Apology 8

Summary: Justin expects to be killed, perhaps through the Cynic Crescens, whom he has shown in debate to know nothing of Christian teaching.

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Greek text · Rauschen, 124–126

Κἀγὼ οὖν προσδοκῶ ὑπό τινος τῶν ὠνομασμένων ἐπιβουλευθῆναι καὶ ξύλῳ ἐμπαγῆναι, ἢ κἂν ὑπὸ Κρίσκεντος τοῦ φιλοψόφου καὶ φιλοκόμπου. Οὐ γὰρ φιλόσοφον εἰπεῖν ἄξιον τὸν ἄνδρα, ὅς γε περὶ ἡμῶν ἃ μὴ ἐπίσταται δημοσίᾳ καταμαρτυρεῖ, ὡς ἀθέων καὶ ἀσεβῶν Χριστιανῶν ὄντων, πρὸς χάριν καὶ ἡδονὴν τῶν πολλῶν τῶν πεπλανημένων ταῦτα πράττων. Εἴτε γὰρ μὴ ἐντυχὼν τοῖς τοῦ Χριστοῦ διδάγμασι κατατρέχει ἡμῶν, παμπόνηρός ἐστι καὶ ἰδιωτῶν πολὺ χείρων, οἳ φυλάττονται πολλάκις περὶ ὧν οὐκ ἐπίστανται διαλέγεσθαι καὶ ψευδομαρτυρεῖν· ἢ εἰ ἐντυχών, μὴ συνῆκε τὸ ἐν αὐτοῖς μεγαλεῖον ἢ συνεὶς πρὸς τὸ μὴ ὑποπτευθῆναι τοιοῦτος ταῦτα ποιεῖ, πολὺ μᾶλλον ἀγεννὴς καὶ παμπόνηρος, ἰδιωτικῆς καὶ ἀλόγου δόξης καὶ φόβου ἐλάττων ὤν. Καὶ γὰρ προσθέντα με καὶ ἐρωτήσαντα αὐτὸν ἐρωτήσεις τινὰς τοιαύτας καὶ μαθεῖν καὶ ἐλέγξαι, ὅτι ἀληθῶς μηδὲν ἐπίσταται, εἰδέναι ὑμᾶς βούλομαι. Καὶ ὅτι ἀληθῆ λέγω, εἰ μὴ ἀνηνέχθησαν ὑμῖν αἱ κοινωνίαι τῶν λόγων, ἕτοιμος καὶ ἐφʼ ὑμῶν κοινωνεῖν τῶν ἐρωτήσεων πάλιν· βασιλικὸν δʼ ἂν καὶ τοῦτο ἔργον εἴη. Εἰ δὲ καὶ ἐγνώσθησαν ὑμῖν αἱ ἐρωτήσεις μου καὶ αἱ ἐκείνου ἀποκρίσεις, φανερὸν ὑμῖν ἐστιν, ὅτι οὐδὲν τῶν ἡμετέρων ἐπίσταται· ἢ εἰ καὶ ἐπίσταται, διὰ τοὺς ἀκούοντας δὲ οὐ τολμᾷ λέγειν ὁμοίως Σωκράτει, ὡς προέφην, οὐ φιλόσοφος ἀλλὰ φιλόδοξος ἀνὴρ δείκνυται, ὅς γε μηδὲ τὸ σωκρατικὸν ἀξιέραστον ὂν τιμᾷ· Ἀλλʼ οὔτι γε πρὸ τῆς ἀληθείας τιμητέος ἀνήρ“. Ἀδύνατον δὲ Κυνικῷ, ἀδιάφορον τὸ τέλος προθεμένῳ, τὸ ἀγαθὸν εἰδέναι πλὴν ἀδιαφορίας.

English · Claude translation

I too, therefore, expect to be plotted against and fixed to the stake by one of those I have named, or perhaps by Crescens, that lover of noise and boasting. For the man is not worthy to be called a philosopher, since he publicly testifies against us about things he does not understand, saying that the Christians are atheists and ungodly, and does this to win the favor and pleasure of the many who are led astray. For if he attacks us without having read the teachings of Christ, he is utterly wicked and much worse than the uneducated, who often take care not to discuss or bear false witness about things they do not understand. Or if he has read them and did not understand their greatness, or understood them and does this so as not to be suspected of being a Christian, he is much more base and utterly wicked, being overcome by vulgar and irrational opinion and fear. For I want you to know that I put certain questions of this kind to him and questioned him, and learned and proved that he truly knows nothing. And to show that I speak the truth, if the exchanges of our discussion have not been reported to you, I am ready to hold the questioning again in your presence; and this would be a work fitting for rulers. But if my questions and his answers have been made known to you, it is plain to you that he knows nothing of our teachings; or, if he knows, he does not dare to say so because of his hearers, and so, as I said before, he shows himself to be not a lover of wisdom but a lover of glory, since he does not even honor that saying of Socrates, which deserves to be loved: “But a man must not be honored before the truth.” But it is impossible for a Cynic, who has made indifference his goal, to know the good, except indifference.

About this passage

Source
Rauschen, 124–126 · Gerhard Rauschen, ed., S. Iustini Apologiae duae, Florilegium Patristicum 2 (Bonn: Hanstein, 1911), 114–136 · Greek text: G. Rauschen, S. Iustini Apologiae duae (Florilegium Patristicum 2, 1911), digitized by the Perseus Digital Library and published by the First Thousand Years of Greek project (Open Greek and Latin), CC BY-SA 4.0
Text
As printed in Rauschen, FlorPatr 2. Manuscript variants and the editor's apparatus are not reproduced; no textual problem is noted in this passage.
Translation
Claude translation (claude-opus-5-5), 2026-09-26 · Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Rauschen (Florilegium Patristicum 2, 1911); made independently of existing English translations.
Compare
Ante-Nicene Fathers, vol. 1 (1885) (an older public-domain English translation, whole volume at CCEL; checked against ours only after ours was made) · Its chapter order differs: our 3–7 are its 4–8, our 8 is its 3.
Extrabiblical texts
  • Plato, Resp. 595c (Plato (works)) · quotation, high confidence
Topics
Persecution, Martyrdom

Notes

Translation notes

  • “Lover of noise” (φιλοψόφου): a pun on φιλοσόφου, “lover of wisdom”; the digital text is correct.
  • “A man must not be honored before the truth”: Plato, Republic 595c (Socrates speaking of Homer).
  • According to Tatian (Or. 19) and Eusebius, Crescens did plot against Justin, who was martyred at Rome about 165.
  • This is chapter 3 in older editions and in ANF.

Notes on the original text

  • Digital text corrected (digitization slip against Rauschen's printed text (letters transposed); digitization slip against Rauschen's printed text (missing accent); punctuation slip in the digital text): αἱ ἐρωτησεις μου → αἱ ἐρωτήσεις μου; Σωρκάτει → Σωκράτει; Κυνικῷ. ἀδιάφορον → Κυνικῷ, ἀδιάφορον.

Cite this passage

Justin, 2 Apol. 8 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/justin-2-apology/8/).

Plain text
Justin, 2 Apol. 8 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/justin-2-apology/8/).

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