Dialogue with Trypho 32.1–41.4
Greek text: Archambault (Greek text: G. Archambault, Justin: Dialogue avec Tryphon (Paris, 1909), digitized by the Perseus Digital Library and published by the First Thousand Years of Greek project (Open Greek and Latin), CC BY-SA 4.0).English: Claude (claude-opus-5-5), public domain (CC0). Compare: Ante-Nicene Fathers, vol. 1 (1885).
Chapter 32
32.1Archambault 1:138
Καὶ ὁ Τρύφων παυσαμένου μου εἶπεν· Ὦ ἄνθρωπε, αὗται ἡμᾶς αἱ γραφαὶ καὶ τοιαῦται ἔνδοξον καὶ μέγαν ἀναμένειν τὸν παρὰ τοῦ παλαιοῦ τῶν ἡμερῶν ὡς υἱὸν ἀνθρώπου παραλαμβάνοντα τὴν αἰώνιον βασιλείαν ἀναγκάζουσιν· οὗτος δὲ ὁ ὑμέτερος λεγόμενος Χριστὸς ἄτιμος καὶ ἄδοξος γέγονεν, ὡς καὶ τῇ ἐσχάτῃ κατάρᾳ τῇ ἐν τῷ νόμῳ τοῦ θεοῦ περιπεσεῖν· ἐσταυρώθη γάρ.
Kai ho Tryphōn pausamenou mou eipen; Ō anthrōpe, hautai hēmas hai graphai kai toiautai endoxon kai megan anamenein ton para tou palaiou tōn hēmerōn hōs huion anthrōpou paralambanonta tēn aiōnion basileian anankazousin; houtos de ho hymeteros legomenos Christos atimos kai adoxos gegonen, hōs kai tę̄ eschatę̄ katarą tę̄ en tǭ nomǭ tou theou peripesein; estaurōthē gar.
And when I had stopped, Trypho said, “Sir, these and such Scriptures compel us to expect one glorious and great, who receives the everlasting kingdom from the Ancient of Days as the Son of Man; but this one whom you call Christ was without honor and glory, so that he even fell under the last curse in the law of God; for he was crucified.”
Deut 21:23 (allusion, high confidence) · Gal 3:13 (echo, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Trypho objects that the Messiah of Daniel is glorious, while Jesus was crucified and fell under the law's curse.
- “The last curse in the law”: Deut 21:23, “cursed is everyone who hangs on a tree”; see ch. 89–96.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (digitization slip against Archambault's printed text (wrong accent)): παυσαμὲνου → παυσαμένου.
Topics: Christology
Cite (SBL): Justin, Dial. 32.1 (Archambault 1:138; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/justin-dialogue/32-1/#p-32-1).
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Archambault (1909); made independently of existing English translations.
32.2Archambault 1:138–140
Κἀγὼ πρὸς αὐτόν· Εἰ μέν, ὦ ἄνδρες, μὴ ἀπὸ τῶν γραφῶν, ὧν προανιστόρησα, τὸ εἶδος αὐτοῦ ἄδοξον καὶ τὸ γένος αὐτοῦ ἀδιήγητον, καὶ ἀντὶ τοῦ θανάτου αὐτοῦ τοὺς πλουσίους θανατωθήσεσθαι, καὶ τῷ μώλωπι αὐτοῦ ἡμεῖς ἰάθημεν, καὶ ὡς πρόβατον ἀχθήσεσθαι ἐλέγετο, καὶ δύο παρουσίας αὐτοῦ γενήσεσθαι ἐξηγησάμην, μίαν μὲν ἐν ᾗ ἐξεκεντήθη ὑφʼ ὑμῶν, δευτέραν δὲ ὅτε ἐπιγνώσεσθε εἰς ὃν ἐξεκεντήσατε, καὶ κόψονται αἱ φυλαὶ ὑμῶν, φυλὴ πρὸς φυλήν, αἱ γυναῖκες κατʼ ἰδίαν καὶ οἱ ἄνδρες κατʼ ἰδίαν, ἀσαφῆ καὶ ἄπορα ἐδόκουν λέγειν· νῦν δὲ διὰ πάντων τῶν λόγων ἀπὸ τῶν παρʼ ὑμῖν ἁγίων καὶ προφητικῶν γραφῶν τὰς πάσας ἀποδείξεις ποιοῦμαι, ἐλπίζων τινὰ ἐξ ὑμῶν δύνασθαι εὑρεθῆναι ἐκ τοῦ κατὰ χάριν τὴν ἀπὸ τοῦ κυρίου σαβαὼθ περιλειφθέντος εἰς τὴν αἰώνιον σωτηρίαν.
Kagō pros auton; Ei men, ō andres, mē apo tōn graphōn, hōn proanistorēsa, to eidos autou adoxon kai to genos autou adiēgēton, kai anti tou thanatou autou tous plousious thanatōthēsesthai, kai tǭ mōlōpi autou hēmeis iathēmen, kai hōs probaton achthēsesthai elegeto, kai dyo parousias autou genēsesthai exēgēsamēn, mian men en hę̄ exekentēthē hyphʼ hymōn, deuteran de hote epignōsesthe eis hon exekentēsate, kai kopsontai hai phylai hymōn, phylē pros phylēn, hai gynaikes katʼ idian kai hoi andres katʼ idian, asaphē kai apora edokoun legein; nyn de dia pantōn tōn logōn apo tōn parʼ hymin hagiōn kai prophētikōn graphōn tas pasas apodeixeis poioumai, elpizōn tina ex hymōn dynasthai heurethēnai ek tou kata charin tēn apo tou kyriou sabaōth perileiphthentos eis tēn aiōnion sōtērian.
And I said to him, “If, sirs, I had not explained from the Scriptures I recounted before that his form was without glory and his generation not to be told, and that in return for his death the rich would be put to death, and by his stripes we were healed, and that he was said to be led like a sheep; and that there would be two comings of his, one in which he was pierced by you, and a second when you will recognize him whom you pierced, and your tribes will mourn, tribe by tribe, the women apart and the men apart, I would seem to be saying obscure and puzzling things. But now I make all my proofs from all the words of the holy and prophetic Scriptures among you, hoping that some of you may be found among those left over by the grace that is from the Lord of hosts for everlasting salvation.
Isa 53:2 (allusion, high confidence) · Isa 53:8 (allusion, high confidence) · Isa 53:9 (allusion, high confidence) · Isa 53:5 (allusion, high confidence) · Isa 53:7 (allusion, high confidence) · Zech 12:10 (allusion, high confidence) · Zech 12:12 (allusion, high confidence) · Rom 11:5 (echo, medium confidence) · Isa 1:9 (echo, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Justin answers that the Scriptures foretell two comings: one in humiliation and one in glory.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (digitization slip (missing elision mark); the editor's reference (Zech 12:10–14; John 19:37; Rev 1:7), printed in the text, removed): κατʼ ἰδίαν [cf. ZACH., XII, 10-14; JEAN, XIX. 37, et Apoc., i, 7, ἀσαφῆ → κατʼ ἰδίαν, ἀσαφῆ; ἀπὸ τῶν παρ ὑμῖν → ἀπὸ τῶν παρʼ ὑμῖν.
Topics: Christology, Eschatology
Cite (SBL): Justin, Dial. 32.2 (Archambault 1:138–140; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/justin-dialogue/32-1/#p-32-2).
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Archambault (1909); made independently of existing English translations.
32.3Archambault 1:140–142
Ἵνα οὖν καὶ σαφέστερον ὑμῖν τὸ ζητούμενον νῦν γένηται, ἐρῶ ὑμῖν καὶ ἄλλους λόγους τοὺς εἰρημένους διὰ Δαυῒδ τοῦ μακαρίου, ἐξ ὧν καὶ κύριον τὸν Χριστὸν ὑπὸ τοῦ ἁγίου προφητικοῦ πνεύματος λεγόμενον νοήσετε, καὶ τὸν κύριον πάντων πατέρα ἀνάγοντα αὐτὸν ἀπὸ τῆς γῆς καὶ καθίζοντα αὐτὸν ἐν δεξιᾷ αὐτοῦ, ἕως ἂν θῇ τοὺς ἐχθροὺς ὑποπόδιον τῶν ποδῶν αὐτοῦ· ὅπερ γίνεται ἐξ ὅτου εἰς τὸν οὐρανὸν ἀνελήφθη μετὰ τὸ ἐκ νεκρῶν ἀναστῆναι ὁ ἡμέτερος κύριος Ἰησοῦς Χριστός, τῶν χρόνων συμπληρουμένων καὶ τοῦ βλάσφημα καὶ τολμηρὰ εἰς τὸν ὕψιστον μέλλοντος λαλεῖν ἤδη ἐπὶ θύραις ὄντος, ὃν καιρὸν καὶ καιροὺς καὶ ἥμισυ καιροῦ διακαθέξειν Δανιὴλ μηνύει.
Hina oun kai saphesteron hymin to zētoumenon nyn genētai, erō hymin kai allous logous tous eirēmenous dia Dauïd tou makariou, ex hōn kai kyrion ton Christon hypo tou hagiou prophētikou pneumatos legomenon noēsete, kai ton kyrion pantōn patera anagonta auton apo tēs gēs kai kathizonta auton en dexią autou, heōs an thę̄ tous echthrous hypopodion tōn podōn autou; hoper ginetai ex hotou eis ton ouranon anelēphthē meta to ek nekrōn anastēnai ho hēmeteros kyrios Iēsous Christos, tōn chronōn symplēroumenōn kai tou blasphēma kai tolmēra eis ton hypsiston mellontos lalein ēdē epi thyrais ontos, hon kairon kai kairous kai hēmisy kairou diakathexein Daniēl mēnyei.
“So that what is now being inquired into may become clearer to you, I will tell you other words spoken through the blessed David, from which you will understand that Christ is called Lord by the holy prophetic Spirit, and that the Lord, the Father of all, brought him up from the earth and set him at his right hand, until he makes his enemies the footstool of his feet; which has been happening since our Lord Jesus Christ was taken up into heaven after rising from the dead, as the times are being fulfilled, and he who is to speak blasphemous and daring things against the Most High is already at the doors, whom Daniel indicates will hold sway for a time and times and half a time.
Ps 110:1 (109:1 LXX) (allusion, high confidence) · Dan 7:25 (allusion, high confidence) · Matt 24:33 (echo, medium confidence) · 2 Thess 2:3 (echo, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 110 shows the ascension; the Antichrist of Daniel is near.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (digitization slip against Archambault's printed text (wrong accent)): ἕως ἄν θῇ → ἕως ἂν θῇ.
Topics: Christology, Eschatology
Cite (SBL): Justin, Dial. 32.3 (Archambault 1:140–142; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/justin-dialogue/32-1/#p-32-3).
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Archambault (1909); made independently of existing English translations.
32.4Archambault 1:142
Καὶ ὑμεῖς, ἀγνοοῦντες πόσον χρόνον διακατέχειν μέλλει, ἄλλο ἡγεῖσθε· τὸν γὰρ καιρὸν ἑκατὸν ἔτη ἐξηγεῖσθε λέγεσθαι. Εἰ δὲ τοῦτό ἐστιν, εἰς τὸ ἐλάχιστον τὸν τῆς ἀνομίας ἄνθρωπον τριακόσια πεντήκοντα ἔτη βασιλεῦσαι δεῖ, ἵνα τὸ εἰρημένον ὑπὸ τοῦ ἁγίου Δανιήλ, καὶ καιρῶν, δύο μόνους καιροὺς λέγεσθαι ἀριθμήσωμεν.
Kai hymeis, agnoountes poson chronon diakatechein mellei, allo hēgeisthe; ton gar kairon hekaton etē exēgeisthe legesthai. Ei de touto estin, eis to elachiston ton tēs anomias anthrōpon triakosia pentēkonta etē basileusai dei, hina to eirēmenon hypo tou hagiou Daniēl, kai kairōn, dyo monous kairous legesthai arithmēsōmen.
“And you, not knowing how long he will hold sway, think otherwise; for you explain the ‘time’ as meaning a hundred years. If this is so, the man of lawlessness must reign at least three hundred and fifty years, if we count what the holy Daniel said, ‘and times,’ as meaning only two times.
Dan 7:25 (allusion, high confidence) · 2 Thess 2:3 (echo, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Justin disputes the Jewish interpretation of Daniel's “time” as a hundred years.
Topics: Eschatology
Cite (SBL): Justin, Dial. 32.4 (Archambault 1:142; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/justin-dialogue/32-1/#p-32-4).
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Archambault (1909); made independently of existing English translations.
32.5Archambault 1:142–144
Καὶ ταῦτα δὲ πάντα ἃ ἔλεγον ἐν παρεκβάσεσι λέγω πρὸς ὑμᾶς, ἵνα ἤδη ποτὲ πεισθέντες τῷ εἰρημένῳ καθʼ ὑμῶν ὑπὸ τοῦ θεοῦ, ὅτι Υἱοὶ ἀσύνετοί ἐστε, καὶ τῷ· Διὰ τοῦτο ἰδοὺ προσθήσω τοῦ μεταθεῖναι τὸν λαὸν τοῦτον, καὶ μεταθήσω αὐτούς, καὶ ἀφελῶ τὴν σοφίαν τῶν σοφῶν καὶ τὴν σύνεσιν τῶν συνετῶν αὐτῶν κρύψω, παύσησθε καὶ ἑαυτοὺς καὶ τοὺς ὑμῶν ἀκούοντας πλανῶντες, καὶ παρʼ ἡμῶν μανθάνοντες τῶν σοφισθέντων ἀπὸ τῆς τοῦ Χριστοῦ χάριτος.
Kai tauta de panta ha elegon en parekbasesi legō pros hymas, hina ēdē pote peisthentes tǭ eirēmenǭ kathʼ hymōn hypo tou theou, hoti Huioi asynetoi este, kai tǭ; Dia touto idou prosthēsō tou metatheinai ton laon touton, kai metathēsō autous, kai aphelō tēn sophian tōn sophōn kai tēn synesin tōn synetōn autōn krypsō, pausēsthe kai heautous kai tous hymōn akouontas planōntes, kai parʼ hēmōn manthanontes tōn sophisthentōn apo tēs tou Christou charitos.
“And all these things I say to you by way of digression, so that, persuaded at last by what God has said against you, that ‘you are senseless sons,’ and, ‘Therefore, behold, I will proceed to remove this people, and I will remove them, and I will take away the wisdom of the wise, and hide the understanding of their prudent ones,’ you may stop deceiving yourselves and those who hear you, and learn from us, who have been made wise by the grace of Christ.
Jer 4:22 (quotation, medium confidence) · Isa 29:14 (quotation, high confidence) · 1 Cor 1:19 (echo, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Justin urges them to stop deceiving themselves and learn from those taught by Christ's grace.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (digitization slip against Archambault's printed text (missing accent); digitization slip against Archambault's printed text (wrong accent); digitization slip against Archambault's printed text (wrong breathing)): ἅ ἔλεγον ἐν παρεκβάσεσι → ἃ ἔλεγον ἐν παρεκβάσεσι; ὑμῶν ἁκούοντας → ὑμῶν ἀκούοντας; τοῦ Χριστου χάριτος → τοῦ Χριστοῦ χάριτος.
Cite (SBL): Justin, Dial. 32.5 (Archambault 1:142–144; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/justin-dialogue/32-1/#p-32-5).
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Archambault (1909); made independently of existing English translations.
32.6Archambault 1:144
Εἰσὶν οὖν καὶ οἱ λόγοι οἱ διὰ Δαυΐδ λεχθέντες οὗτοι· Εἶπεν ὁ κύριος τῷ κυρίῳ μου· κάθου ἐκ δεξιῶν μου, ἕως ἂν θῶ τοὺς ἐχθρούς σου ὑποπόδιον τῶν ποδῶν σου. Ῥάβδον δυνάμεως ἐξαποστελεῖ σοι κύριος ἐκ Σιών· καὶ κατακυρίευε ἐν μέσῳ τῶν ἐχθρῶν σου. Μετὰ σοῦ ἡ ἀρχὴ ἐν ἡμέρᾳ τῆς δυνάμεώς σου· ἐν ταῖς λαμπρότησι τῶν ἁγίων σου, ἐκ γαστρὸς πρὸ ἑωσφόρου ἐγέννησά σε. Ὤμοσε κύριος καὶ οὐ μεταμεληθήσεται· σὺ ἱερεὺς εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα κατὰ τὴν τάξιν Μελχισεδέκ. Κύριος ἐκ δεξιῶν σου· συνέθλασεν ἐν ἡμέρᾳ ὀργῆς αὐτοῦ βασιλεῖς. Κρινεῖ ἐν τοῖς ἔθνεσι, πληρώσει πτώματα. Ἐκ χειμάρρου ἐν ὁδῷ πίεται· διὰ τοῦτο ὑψώσει κεφαλήν.
Eisin oun kai hoi logoi hoi dia Dauïd lechthentes houtoi; Eipen ho kyrios tǭ kyriǭ mou; kathou ek dexiōn mou, heōs an thō tous echthrous sou hypopodion tōn podōn sou. Rhabdon dynameōs exapostelei soi kyrios ek Siōn; kai katakyrieue en mesǭ tōn echthrōn sou. Meta sou hē archē en hēmerą tēs dynameōs sou; en tais lamprotēsi tōn hagiōn sou, ek gastros pro heōsphorou egennēsa se. Ōmose kyrios kai ou metamelēthēsetai; sy hiereus eis ton aiōna kata tēn taxin Melchisedek. Kyrios ek dexiōn sou; synethlasen en hēmerą orgēs autou basileis. Krinei en tois ethnesi, plērōsei ptōmata. Ek cheimarrou en hodǭ pietai; dia touto hypsōsei kephalēn.
“These, then, are the words spoken through David: ‘The Lord said to my Lord, Sit at my right hand, until I make your enemies the footstool of your feet. The Lord will send out for you a rod of power from Zion; and rule in the midst of your enemies. With you is the rule in the day of your power, in the splendors of your saints; from the womb before the morning star I begot you. The Lord has sworn and will not repent: You are a priest forever after the order of Melchizedek. The Lord at your right hand has crushed kings in the day of his wrath. He will judge among the nations, he will fill up the corpses. He will drink from the brook by the way; therefore he will lift up his head.’”
Ps 110:1 (109:1 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 110:2 (109:2 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 110:3 (109:3 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 110:4 (109:4 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 110:5 (109:5 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 110:6 (109:6 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 110:7 (109:7 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Ps 110 (LXX 109).
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (digitization slip against Archambault's printed text (wrong accent); digitization slip against Archambault's printed text (wrong breathing)): Εἰσὶν οὗν → Εἰσὶν οὖν; ἡ ἀρχὴ ὲν ἡμέρᾳ → ἡ ἀρχὴ ἐν ἡμέρᾳ; τῶν ἀγίων σου → τῶν ἁγίων σου.
Topics: Scripture and canon, Christology
Cite (SBL): Justin, Dial. 32.6 (Archambault 1:144; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/justin-dialogue/32-1/#p-32-6).
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Archambault (1909); made independently of existing English translations.
Chapter 33
33.1Archambault 1:144–146
Καὶ τοῦτον τὸν ψαλμὸν ὅτι εἰς τὸν Ἐζεκίαν τὸν βασιλέα εἰρῆσθαι ἐξηγεῖσθαι τολμᾶτε, οὐκ ἀγνοῶ, ἐπεῖπον· ὅτι δὲ πεπλάνησθε, ἐξ αὐτῶν τῶν λόγων αὐτίκα ὑμῖν ἀποδείξω. Ὤμοσε κύριος καὶ οὐ μεταμεληθήσεται, εἴρηται, καί· Σὺ ἱερεὺς εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα κατὰ τὴν τάξιν Μελχισεδέκ, καὶ τὰ ἐπαγόμενα καὶ τὰ προάγοντα. Ἱερεὺς δὲ ὅτι οὔτε γέγονεν Ἐζεκίας οὔτε ἐστὶν αἰώνιος ἱερεὺς τοῦ θεοῦ, οὐδὲ ὑμεῖς ἀντειπεῖν τολμήσετε· ὅτι δὲ περὶ τοῦ ἡμετέρου Ἰησοῦ εἴρηται, καὶ αὐταὶ αἱ φωναὶ σημαίνουσι. Τὰ δὲ ὦτα ὑμῶν πέφρακται καὶ αἱ καρδίαι πεπώρωνται.
Kai touton ton psalmon hoti eis ton Ezekian ton basilea eirēsthai exēgeisthai tolmate, ouk agnoō, epeipon; hoti de peplanēsthe, ex autōn tōn logōn autika hymin apodeixō. Ōmose kyrios kai ou metamelēthēsetai, eirētai, kai; Sy hiereus eis ton aiōna kata tēn taxin Melchisedek, kai ta epagomena kai ta proagonta. Hiereus de hoti oute gegonen Ezekias oute estin aiōnios hiereus tou theou, oude hymeis anteipein tolmēsete; hoti de peri tou hēmeterou Iēsou eirētai, kai autai hai phōnai sēmainousi. Ta de ōta hymōn pephraktai kai hai kardiai pepōrōntai.
“And I know that you dare to explain this psalm as spoken of King Hezekiah,” I added; “but that you are mistaken I will show you at once from the words themselves. ‘The Lord has sworn and will not repent,’ it says, and, ‘You are a priest forever after the order of Melchizedek,’ with what follows and what precedes. That Hezekiah neither was a priest nor is an eternal priest of God, not even you will dare to deny; and that it is spoken of our Jesus, the words themselves indicate. But your ears are stopped and your hearts hardened.
Ps 110:4 (109:4 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Isa 6:10 (echo, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 110 cannot refer to Hezekiah, who was never a priest.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (digitization slip against Archambault's printed text (wrong vowel)): Σὸ ἱερεὺς → Σὺ ἱερεὺς.
Topics: Christology
Cite (SBL): Justin, Dial. 33.1 (Archambault 1:144–146; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/justin-dialogue/32-1/#p-33-1).
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Archambault (1909); made independently of existing English translations.
33.2Archambault 1:146–148
Τὸ γὰρ Ὤμοσε κύριος καὶ οὐ μεταμεληθήσεται· σὺ ἱερεὺς εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα κατὰ τὴν τάξιν Μελχισεδέκ· μεθʼ ὅρκου ὁ θεὸς διὰ τὴν ἀπιστίαν ὑμῶν ἀρχιερέα αὐτὸν κατὰ τὴν τάξιν Μελχισεδὲκ εἶναι ἐδήλωσε, τουτέστιν, ὃν τρόπον ὁ Μελχισεδὲκ ἱερεὺς ὑψίστου ὑπὸ Μωσέως ἀναγέγραπται γεγενῆσθαι, καὶ οὗτος τῶν ἐν ἀκροβυστίᾳ ἱερεὺς ἦν, καὶ τὸν ἐν περιτομῇ δεκάτας αὐτῷ προσενέγκαντα Ἀβραὰμ εὐλόγησεν, οὕτως τὸν αἰώνιον αὐτοῦ ἱερέα, καὶ κύριον ὑπὸ τοῦ ἁγίου πνεύματος καλούμενον, ὁ θεὸς τῶν ἐν ἀκροβυστίᾳ γενήσεσθαι ἐδήλου· καὶ τοὺς ἐν περιτομῇ προσιόντας αὐτῷ, τουτέστι πιστεύοντας αὐτῷ καὶ τὰς εὐλογίας παρʼ αὐτοῦ ζητοῦντας, καὶ αὐτοὺς προσδέξεται καὶ εὐλογήσει. Καὶ ὅτι ταπεινὸς ἔσται πρῶτον ἄνθρωπος, εἶτα ὑψωθήσεται, τὰ ἐπὶ τέλει τοῦ ψαλμοῦ δηλοῖ. Ἐκ χειμάρρου γὰρ ἐν ὁδῷ πίεται, καὶ ἅμα· Διὰ τοῦτο ὑψώσει κεφαλήν.
To gar Ōmose kyrios kai ou metamelēthēsetai; sy hiereus eis ton aiōna kata tēn taxin Melchisedek; methʼ horkou ho theos dia tēn apistian hymōn archierea auton kata tēn taxin Melchisedek einai edēlōse, toutestin, hon tropon ho Melchisedek hiereus hypsistou hypo Mōseōs anagegraptai gegenēsthai, kai houtos tōn en akrobystią hiereus ēn, kai ton en peritomę̄ dekatas autǭ prosenenkanta Abraam eulogēsen, houtōs ton aiōnion autou hierea, kai kyrion hypo tou hagiou pneumatos kaloumenon, ho theos tōn en akrobystią genēsesthai edēlou; kai tous en peritomę̄ prosiontas autǭ, toutesti pisteuontas autǭ kai tas eulogias parʼ autou zētountas, kai autous prosdexetai kai eulogēsei. Kai hoti tapeinos estai prōton anthrōpos, eita hypsōthēsetai, ta epi telei tou psalmou dēloi. Ek cheimarrou gar en hodǭ pietai, kai hama; Dia touto hypsōsei kephalēn.
“For by ‘The Lord has sworn and will not repent: You are a priest forever after the order of Melchizedek,’ God declared with an oath, because of your unbelief, that he is high priest after the order of Melchizedek; that is, just as Melchizedek is recorded by Moses to have been a priest of the Most High, and he was priest of those in uncircumcision, and blessed Abraham, who was in circumcision and brought him tithes, so God showed that his eternal priest, who is also called Lord by the Holy Spirit, would be the priest of those in uncircumcision; and those in circumcision who approach him, that is, believe in him and seek blessings from him, he too will receive and bless. And that he will first be a humble man, and then be exalted, the end of the psalm shows: ‘He will drink from the brook by the way,’ and with it, ‘Therefore he will lift up his head.’
Ps 110:4 (109:4 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 110:7 (109:7 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Gen 14:18 (allusion, high confidence) · Gen 14:20 (allusion, high confidence) · Heb 7:1 (echo, medium confidence) · Heb 7:21 (echo, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Like Melchizedek, Christ is priest of the uncircumcised, and blesses the circumcised who come to him.
Topics: Christology
Cite (SBL): Justin, Dial. 33.2 (Archambault 1:146–148; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/justin-dialogue/32-1/#p-33-2).
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Archambault (1909); made independently of existing English translations.
Chapter 34
34.1Archambault 1:148
Ἔτι δὲ καὶ πρὸς τὸ πεῖσαι ὑμᾶς ὅτι τῶν γραφῶν οὐδὲν συνήκατε, καὶ ἄλλου ψαλμοῦ τῷ Δαυῒδ ὑπὸ τοῦ ἁγίου πνεύματος εἰρημένου ἀναμνήσομαι, ὃν εἰς Σολομῶνα, τὸν γενόμενον καὶ αὐτὸν βασιλέα ὑμῶν, εἰρῆσθαι λέγετε· εἰς δὲ τὸν Χριστὸν ἡμῶν καὶ αὐτὸς εἴρηται. Ὑμεῖς δὲ ἀπὸ τῶν ὁμωνύμων λέξεων ἑαυτοὺς ἐξαπατᾶτε. Ὅπου γὰρ ὁ νόμος τοῦ κυρίου ἄμωμος εἴρηται, οὐχὶ τὸν μετʼ ἐκεῖνον μέλλοντα ἀλλὰ τὸν διὰ Μωσέως ἐξηγεῖσθε, τοῦ θεοῦ βοῶντος καινὸν νόμον καὶ καινὴν διαθήκην διαθήσεσθαι.
Eti de kai pros to peisai hymas hoti tōn graphōn ouden synēkate, kai allou psalmou tǭ Dauïd hypo tou hagiou pneumatos eirēmenou anamnēsomai, hon eis Solomōna, ton genomenon kai auton basilea hymōn, eirēsthai legete; eis de ton Christon hēmōn kai autos eirētai. Hymeis de apo tōn homōnymōn lexeōn heautous exapatate. Hopou gar ho nomos tou kyriou amōmos eirētai, ouchi ton metʼ ekeinon mellonta alla ton dia Mōseōs exēgeisthe, tou theou boōntos kainon nomon kai kainēn diathēkēn diathēsesthai.
“And further, to persuade you that you have understood nothing of the Scriptures, I will recall another psalm spoken to David by the Holy Spirit, which you say was spoken of Solomon, who was also your king; but it too was spoken of our Christ. But you deceive yourselves by words of the same sound. For where it is said, ‘The law of the Lord is blameless,’ you explain it not of the law that was to come after that one, but of the one given through Moses, though God cries that he will make a new law and a new covenant.
Ps 19:7 (18:8 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Jer 31:31 (38:31 LXX) (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The Jews misapply psalms to Solomon and to the law of Moses.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (digitization slip against Archambault's printed text (wrong accent)): ὃν εἴς Σολομῶνα → ὃν εἰς Σολομῶνα.
Cite (SBL): Justin, Dial. 34.1 (Archambault 1:148; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/justin-dialogue/32-1/#p-34-1).
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Archambault (1909); made independently of existing English translations.
34.2Archambault 1:148
Καὶ ὅπου λέλεκται· Ὁ θεός, τὸ κρίμα σου τῷ βασιλεῖ δός, ἐπειδὴ βασιλεὺς Σολομὼν γέγονεν, εἰς αὐτὸν τὸν ψαλμὸν εἰρῆσθαί φατε, τῶν λόγων τοῦ ψαλμοῦ διαρρήδην κηρυσσόντων εἰς τὸν αἰώνιον βασιλέα, τουτέστιν εἰς τὸν Χριστόν, εἰρῆσθαι. Ὁ γὰρ Χριστὸς βασιλεὺς καὶ ἱερεὺς καὶ θεὸς καὶ κύριος καὶ ἄγγελος καὶ ἄνθρωπος καὶ ἀρχιστράτηγος καὶ λίθος καὶ παιδίον γεννώμενον καὶ παθητὸς γενόμενος πρῶτον, εἶτα εἰς οὐρανὸν ἀνερχόμενος καὶ πάλιν παραγινόμενος μετὰ δόξης καὶ αἰώνιον τὴν βασιλείαν ἔχων κεκήρυκται, ὡς ἀπὸ πασῶν τῶν γραφῶν ἀποδείκνυμι.
Kai hopou lelektai; Ho theos, to krima sou tǭ basilei dos, epeidē basileus Solomōn gegonen, eis auton ton psalmon eirēsthai phate, tōn logōn tou psalmou diarrēdēn kēryssontōn eis ton aiōnion basilea, toutestin eis ton Christon, eirēsthai. Ho gar Christos basileus kai hiereus kai theos kai kyrios kai angelos kai anthrōpos kai archistratēgos kai lithos kai paidion gennōmenon kai pathētos genomenos prōton, eita eis ouranon anerchomenos kai palin paraginomenos meta doxēs kai aiōnion tēn basileian echōn kekēryktai, hōs apo pasōn tōn graphōn apodeiknymi.
“And where it is said, ‘O God, give your judgment to the king,’ since Solomon became king, you say the psalm was spoken of him, though the words of the psalm plainly proclaim that it was spoken of the eternal King, that is, of Christ. For Christ is proclaimed as King, and Priest, and God, and Lord, and Angel, and Man, and Captain, and Stone, and a Child born, and first made subject to suffering, then going up into heaven and coming again with glory and having the eternal kingdom, as I prove from all the Scriptures.
Ps 72:1 (71:1 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 72 speaks of Christ, whom Scripture calls King, Priest, God, Lord, Angel, Man, Captain, Stone, and Child.
- A key summary of Justin's Christological titles, each developed later in the Dialogue.
Topics: Christology
Cite (SBL): Justin, Dial. 34.2 (Archambault 1:148; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/justin-dialogue/32-1/#p-34-2).
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Archambault (1909); made independently of existing English translations.
34.3Archambault 1:148–150
Ἵνα δὲ καὶ ὃ εἶπον νοήσητε, τοὺς τοῦ ψαλμοῦ λόγους λέγω. Εἰσὶ δʼ οὗτοι· Ὁ θεὸς, τὸ κρίμα σου τῷ βασιλεῖ δὸς καὶ τὴν δικαιοσύνην σου τῷ υἱῷ τοῦ βασιλέως, κρίνειν τὸν λαόν σου ἐν δικαιοσύνῃ καὶ τοὺς πτωχούς σου ἐν κρίσει. Ἀναλαβέτω τὰ ὄρη εἰρήνην τῷ λαῷ καὶ οἱ βουνοὶ δικαιοσύνην. Κρινεῖ τοὺς πτωχοὺς τοῦ λαοῦ, καὶ σώσει τοὺς υἱοὺς τῶν πενήτων, καὶ ταπεινώσει συκοφάντην· καὶ συμπαραμενεῖ τῷ ἡλίῳ καὶ πρὸ τῆς σελήνης εἰς γενεὰς γενεῶν. Καταβήσεται ὡς ὑετὸς ἐπὶ πόκον καὶ ὡσεὶ σταγὼν ἡ στάζουσα ἐπὶ τὴν γῆν.
Hina de kai ho eipon noēsēte, tous tou psalmou logous legō. Eisi dʼ houtoi; Ho theos, to krima sou tǭ basilei dos kai tēn dikaiosynēn sou tǭ huiǭ tou basileōs, krinein ton laon sou en dikaiosynę̄ kai tous ptōchous sou en krisei. Analabetō ta orē eirēnēn tǭ laǭ kai hoi bounoi dikaiosynēn. Krinei tous ptōchous tou laou, kai sōsei tous huious tōn penētōn, kai tapeinōsei sykophantēn; kai symparamenei tǭ hēliǭ kai pro tēs selēnēs eis geneas geneōn. Katabēsetai hōs hyetos epi pokon kai hōsei stagōn hē stazousa epi tēn gēn.
“And so that you may understand what I have said, I give the words of the psalm. They are these: ‘O God, give your judgment to the king, and your righteousness to the king's son, to judge your people in righteousness and your poor in judgment. Let the mountains bring peace to the people, and the hills righteousness. He will judge the poor of the people, and save the sons of the needy, and humble the slanderer; and he will endure with the sun and before the moon to generations of generations. He will come down like rain on a fleece, and like drops that drip upon the earth.
Ps 72:1 (71:1 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 72:2 (71:2 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 72:3 (71:3 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 72:4 (71:4 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 72:5 (71:5 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 72:6 (71:6 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Ps 72:1–6 (LXX 71).
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (digitization slip against Archambault's printed text (wrong accent); digitization slip against Archambault's printed text (wrong breathing)): Ἵνα δὲ καὶ ὅ εἶπον → Ἵνα δὲ καὶ ὃ εἶπον; σου ὲν κρίσει → σου ἐν κρίσει.
Topics: Scripture and canon
Cite (SBL): Justin, Dial. 34.3 (Archambault 1:148–150; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/justin-dialogue/32-1/#p-34-3).
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Archambault (1909); made independently of existing English translations.
34.4Archambault 1:150
Ἀνατελεῖ ἐν ταῖς ἡμέραις αὐτοῦ δικαιοσύνη, καὶ πλῆθος εἰρήνης ἕως οὗ ἀνταναιρεθῇ ἡ σελήνη. Καὶ κατακυριεύσει ἀπὸ θαλάσσης ἕως θαλάσσης καὶ ἀπὸ ποταμῶν ἕως περάτων τῆς οἰκουμένης. Ἐνώπιον αὐτοῦ προπεσοῦνται Αἰθίοπες, καὶ οἱ ἐχθροὶ αὐτοῦ χοῦν λείξουσι. Βασιλεῖς Θαρσεῖς καὶ νῆσοι δῶρα προσάξουσι, βασιλεῖς Ἀρράβων καὶ Σαββᾶ δῶρα προσάξουσι, καὶ προσκυνήσουσιν αὐτῷ πάντες οἱ βασιλεῖς τῆς γῆς, καὶ πάντα τὰ ἔθνη δουλεύσουσιν αὐτῷ· ὅτι ἐρρύσατο πτωχὸν ἐκ δυνάστου, καὶ πένητα ᾧ οὐχ ὑπῆρχε βοηθός.
Anatelei en tais hēmerais autou dikaiosynē, kai plēthos eirēnēs heōs hou antanairethę̄ hē selēnē. Kai katakyrieusei apo thalassēs heōs thalassēs kai apo potamōn heōs peratōn tēs oikoumenēs. Enōpion autou propesountai Aithiopes, kai hoi echthroi autou choun leixousi. Basileis Tharseis kai nēsoi dōra prosaxousi, basileis Arrabōn kai Sabba dōra prosaxousi, kai proskynēsousin autǭ pantes hoi basileis tēs gēs, kai panta ta ethnē douleusousin autǭ; hoti errysato ptōchon ek dynastou, kai penēta hǭ ouch hypērche boēthos.
“‘In his days righteousness shall spring up, and abundance of peace, until the moon is taken away. And he shall have dominion from sea to sea, and from the rivers to the ends of the world. Before him the Ethiopians shall fall down, and his enemies shall lick the dust. The kings of Tarshish and the islands shall bring gifts; the kings of the Arabians and Seba shall bring gifts, and all the kings of the earth shall worship him, and all the nations shall serve him; for he has delivered the poor from the mighty, and the needy who had no helper.
Ps 72:7 (71:7 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 72:8 (71:8 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 72:9 (71:9 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 72:10 (71:10 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 72:11 (71:11 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 72:12 (71:12 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Ps 72:7–12.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (stray full stop in the digital text): προσάξουσι., βασιλεῖς → προσάξουσι, βασιλεῖς.
Topics: Scripture and canon
Cite (SBL): Justin, Dial. 34.4 (Archambault 1:150; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/justin-dialogue/32-1/#p-34-4).
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Archambault (1909); made independently of existing English translations.
34.5Archambault 1:150
Φείσεται πτωχοῦ καὶ πένητος, καὶ ψυχὰς πενήτων σώσει· ἐκ τόκου καὶ ἐξ ἀδικίας λυτρώσεται τὰς ψυχὰς αὐτῶν, καὶ ἔντιμον τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ ἐνώπιον αὐτῶν. Καὶ ζήσεται καὶ δοθήσεται αὐτῷ ἐκ τοῦ χρυσίου τῆς Ἀρραβίας, καὶ προσεύξονται διὰ παντὸς περὶ αὐτοῦ· ὅλην τὴν ἡμέραν εὐλογήσουσιν αὐτόν. Καὶ ἔσται στήριγμα ἐν τῇ γῇ, ἐπʼ ἄκρων τῶν ὀρέων ὑπεραρθήσεται· ὑπὲρ τὸν Λίβανον ὁ καρπὸς αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἐξανθήσουσιν ἐκ πόλεως ὡσεὶ χόρτος τῆς γῆς.
Pheisetai ptōchou kai penētos, kai psychas penētōn sōsei; ek tokou kai ex adikias lytrōsetai tas psychas autōn, kai entimon to onoma autou enōpion autōn. Kai zēsetai kai dothēsetai autǭ ek tou chrysiou tēs Arrabias, kai proseuxontai dia pantos peri autou; holēn tēn hēmeran eulogēsousin auton. Kai estai stērigma en tę̄ gę̄, epʼ akrōn tōn oreōn hyperarthēsetai; hyper ton Libanon ho karpos autou, kai exanthēsousin ek poleōs hōsei chortos tēs gēs.
“‘He shall spare the poor and needy, and save the souls of the needy; from usury and injustice he shall redeem their souls, and his name shall be honorable before them. And he shall live, and there shall be given to him of the gold of Arabia, and they shall pray for him continually; all the day they shall bless him. And there shall be a support on the earth; on the tops of the mountains it shall be lifted up; its fruit shall be above Lebanon, and they shall blossom out of the city like the grass of the earth.
Ps 72:13 (71:13 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 72:14 (71:14 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 72:15 (71:15 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 72:16 (71:16 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Ps 72:13–16.
Topics: Scripture and canon
Cite (SBL): Justin, Dial. 34.5 (Archambault 1:150; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/justin-dialogue/32-1/#p-34-5).
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Archambault (1909); made independently of existing English translations.
34.6Archambault 1:150–152
Ἔσται τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ εὐλογημένον εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας· πρὸ τοῦ ἡλίου διαμένει τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ. Καὶ ἐνευλογηθήσονται ἐν αὐτῷ πᾶσαι αἱ φυλαὶ τῆς γῆς· πάντα τὰ ἔθνη μακαριοῦσιν αὐτόν. Εὐλογητὸς κύριος, ὁ θεὸς Ἰσραήλ, ὁ ποιῶν θαυμάσια μόνος, καὶ εὐλογημένον τὸ ὄνομα τῆς δόξης αὐτοῦ εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα καὶ εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα τοῦ αἰῶνος· καὶ πληρωθήσεται τῆς δόξης αὐτοῦ πᾶσα ἡ γῆ. Γένοιτο, γένοιτο. Καὶ ἐπὶ τέλει τοῦ ψαλμοῦ τούτου, οὗ ἔφην, γέγραπται· Ἐξέλιπον οἱ ὕμνοι Δαυΐδ, υἱοῦ Ἰεσσαί.
Estai to onoma autou eulogēmenon eis tous aiōnas; pro tou hēliou diamenei to onoma autou. Kai eneulogēthēsontai en autǭ pasai hai phylai tēs gēs; panta ta ethnē makariousin auton. Eulogētos kyrios, ho theos Israēl, ho poiōn thaumasia monos, kai eulogēmenon to onoma tēs doxēs autou eis ton aiōna kai eis ton aiōna tou aiōnos; kai plērōthēsetai tēs doxēs autou pasa hē gē. Genoito, genoito. Kai epi telei tou psalmou toutou, hou ephēn, gegraptai; Exelipon hoi hymnoi Dauïd, huiou Iessai.
“‘His name shall be blessed forever; his name endures before the sun. And all the tribes of the earth shall be blessed in him; all the nations shall call him blessed. Blessed is the Lord, the God of Israel, who alone does wonderful things, and blessed is the name of his glory forever and to the age of ages; and the whole earth shall be filled with his glory. So be it, so be it.’ And at the end of this psalm which I have quoted it is written: ‘The hymns of David, son of Jesse, are ended.’
Ps 72:17 (71:17 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 72:18 (71:18 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 72:19 (71:19 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 72:20 (71:20 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Ps 72:17–20.
Topics: Scripture and canon
Cite (SBL): Justin, Dial. 34.6 (Archambault 1:150–152; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/justin-dialogue/32-1/#p-34-6).
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Archambault (1909); made independently of existing English translations.
34.7Archambault 1:152
Καὶ ὅτι μὲν βασιλεὺς ἐγένετο ἐπιφανὴς καὶ μέγας ὁ Σολομὼν, ἐφʼ οὗ ὁ οἶκος ὁ ἐν Ἱερουσαλὴμ ἐπικληθεὶς ἀνῳκοδομήθη, ἐπίσταμαι, ὅτι δὲ οὐδὲν τῶν ἐν τῷ ψαλμῷ εἰρημένων συνέβη αὐτῷ, φαίνεται. Οὔτε γὰρ πάντες οἱ βασιλεῖς προσεκύνησαν αὐτῷ, οὔτε μέχρι τῶν περάτων τῆς οἰκουμένης ἐβασίλευσεν, οὔτε οἱ ἐχθροὶ αὐτοῦ ἔμπροσθεν αὐτοῦ πεσόντες χοῦν ἔλειξαν.
Kai hoti men basileus egeneto epiphanēs kai megas ho Solomōn, ephʼ hou ho oikos ho en Hierousalēm epiklētheis anǭkodomēthē, epistamai, hoti de ouden tōn en tǭ psalmǭ eirēmenōn synebē autǭ, phainetai. Oute gar pantes hoi basileis prosekynēsan autǭ, oute mechri tōn peratōn tēs oikoumenēs ebasileusen, oute hoi echthroi autou emprosthen autou pesontes choun eleixan.
“And I know that Solomon was a famous and great king, under whom the house in Jerusalem called by God's name was built; but it is plain that none of the things said in the psalm happened to him. For neither did all the kings worship him, nor did he reign to the ends of the world, nor did his enemies fall before him and lick the dust.
Notes and citation
Summary: None of Psalm 72 was fulfilled in Solomon.
Cite (SBL): Justin, Dial. 34.7 (Archambault 1:152; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/justin-dialogue/32-1/#p-34-7).
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Archambault (1909); made independently of existing English translations.
34.8Archambault 1:152–154
Ἀλλὰ καὶ τολμῶ λέγειν ἃ γέγραπται ἐν ταῖς Βασιλείαις ὑπʼ αὐτοῦ πραχθέντα, ὅτι διὰ γυναῖκα ἐν Σιδῶνι εἰδωλολάτρει· ὅπερ οὐχ ὑπομένουσι πρᾶξαι οἱ ἀπὸ τῶν ἐθνῶν διὰ Ἰησοῦ τοῦ σταυρωθέντος ἐπιγνόντες τὸν ποιητὴν τῶν ὅλων θεόν, ἀλλὰ πᾶσαν αἰκίαν καὶ τιμωρίαν μέχρις ἐσχάτου θανάτου ὑπομένουσι περὶ τοῦ μήτε εἰδωλολατρῆσαι μήτε εἰδωλόθυτα φαγεῖν.
Alla kai tolmō legein ha gegraptai en tais Basileiais hypʼ autou prachthenta, hoti dia gynaika en Sidōni eidōlolatrei; hoper ouch hypomenousi praxai hoi apo tōn ethnōn dia Iēsou tou staurōthentos epignontes ton poiētēn tōn holōn theon, alla pasan aikian kai timōrian mechris eschatou thanatou hypomenousi peri tou mēte eidōlolatrēsai mēte eidōlothyta phagein.
“Indeed, I venture to mention what is written in the Books of Kings as done by him: that because of a woman he worshiped idols in Sidon; which those from the nations who have come to know God, the Maker of all, through Jesus who was crucified, will not endure to do, but they endure every outrage and punishment to the point of death rather than worship idols or eat food sacrificed to idols.
1 Kgs 11:1 (allusion, high confidence) · 1 Kgs 11:5 (allusion, high confidence) · Acts 15:29 (echo, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Solomon fell into idolatry; Gentile Christians die rather than eat idol offerings.
Topics: Martyrdom
Cite (SBL): Justin, Dial. 34.8 (Archambault 1:152–154; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/justin-dialogue/32-1/#p-34-8).
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Archambault (1909); made independently of existing English translations.
Chapter 35
35.1Archambault 1:154
Καὶ ὁ Τρύφων· Καὶ μὴν πολλοὺς τῶν τὸν Ἰησοῦν λεγόντων ὁμολογεῖν καὶ λεγομένων Χριστιανῶν πυνθάνομαι ἐσθίειν τὰ εἰδωλόθυτα καὶ μηδὲν ἐκ τούτου βλάπτεσθαι λέγειν.
Kai ho Tryphōn; Kai mēn pollous tōn ton Iēsoun legontōn homologein kai legomenōn Christianōn pynthanomai esthiein ta eidōlothyta kai mēden ek toutou blaptesthai legein.
And Trypho said, “And yet I learn that many of those who say they confess Jesus and are called Christians eat food sacrificed to idols and say that they are not harmed by it.”
Notes and citation
Summary: Trypho says many who call themselves Christians eat idol meat.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Justin, Dial. 35.1 (Archambault 1:154; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/justin-dialogue/32-1/#p-35-1).
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Archambault (1909); made independently of existing English translations.
35.2Archambault 1:154–156
Κἀγὼ ἀπεκρινάμην· Καὶ ἐκ τοῦ τοιούτους εἶναι ἄνδρας, ὁμολογοῦντας ἑαυτοὺς εἶναι Χριστιανοὺς καὶ τὸν σταυρωθέντα Ἰησοῦν ὁμολογεῖν καὶ κύριον καὶ Χριστόν, καὶ μὴ τὰ ἐκείνου διδάγματα διδάσκοντας ἀλλὰ τὰ ἀπὸ τῶν τῆς πλάνης πνευμάτων, ἡμεῖς, οἱ τῆς ἀληθινῆς Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ καὶ καθαρᾶς διδασκαλίας, μαθηταί, πιστότεροι καὶ βεβαιότεροι γινόμεθα ἐν τῇ ἐλπίδι τῇ κατηγγελμένῃ ὑπʼ αὐτοῦ. Ἃ γὰρ προλαβὼν μέλλειν γίνεσθαι ἐν ὀνόματι αὐτοῦ ἔφη, ταῦτα ὄψει καὶ ἐνεργείᾳ ὁρῶμεν τελούμενα.
Kagō apekrinamēn; Kai ek tou toioutous einai andras, homologountas heautous einai Christianous kai ton staurōthenta Iēsoun homologein kai kyrion kai Christon, kai mē ta ekeinou didagmata didaskontas alla ta apo tōn tēs planēs pneumatōn, hēmeis, hoi tēs alēthinēs Iēsou Christou kai katharas didaskalias, mathētai, pistoteroi kai bebaioteroi ginometha en tę̄ elpidi tę̄ katēngelmenę̄ hypʼ autou. Ha gar prolabōn mellein ginesthai en onomati autou ephē, tauta opsei kai energeią horōmen teloumena.
And I answered, “From the fact that there are such men, who confess themselves to be Christians and confess the crucified Jesus as both Lord and Christ, but teach not his teachings but those of the spirits of error, we who are disciples of the true and pure teaching of Jesus Christ become more faithful and more firm in the hope he proclaimed. For what he said beforehand would happen in his name, these things we see fulfilled before our eyes and in fact.
1 Tim 4:1 (echo, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Justin replies that such false Christians fulfill Christ's own prophecy and strengthen true believers.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (digitization slip against Archambault's printed text (capital lost at the start of a section)): κἀγὼ ἀπεκρινάμην → Κἀγὼ ἀπεκρινάμην.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Justin, Dial. 35.2 (Archambault 1:154–156; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/justin-dialogue/32-1/#p-35-2).
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Archambault (1909); made independently of existing English translations.
35.3Archambault 1:156
Εἶπε γάρ· Πολλοὶ ἐλεύσονται ἐπὶ τῷ ὀνόματί μου, ἔξωθεν ἐνδεδυμένοι δέρματα προβάτων, ἔσωθεν δέ εἰσι λύκοι ἅρπαγες. Καί· Ἔσονται σχίσματα καὶ αἱρέσεις. Καί· Προσέχετε ἀπὸ τῶν ψευδοπροφητῶν, οἵτινες ἐλεύσονται πρὸς ὑμᾶς, ἔξωθεν ἐνδεδυμένοι δέρματα προβάτων, ἔσωθεν δέ εἰσι λύκοι ἅρπαγες. Καί· Ἀναστήσονται πολλοὶ ψευδόχριστοι καὶ ψευδοαπόστολοι, καὶ πολλοὺς τῶν πιστῶν πλανήσουσιν.
Eipe gar; Polloi eleusontai epi tǭ onomati mou, exōthen endedymenoi dermata probatōn, esōthen de eisi lykoi harpages. Kai; Esontai schismata kai haireseis. Kai; Prosechete apo tōn pseudoprophētōn, hoitines eleusontai pros hymas, exōthen endedymenoi dermata probatōn, esōthen de eisi lykoi harpages. Kai; Anastēsontai polloi pseudochristoi kai pseudoapostoloi, kai pollous tōn pistōn planēsousin.
“For he said, ‘Many will come in my name, clothed outwardly in sheep's skins, but inwardly they are ravening wolves.’ And, ‘There will be schisms and heresies.’ And, ‘Beware of false prophets, who will come to you clothed outwardly in sheep's skins, but inwardly they are ravening wolves.’ And, ‘Many false Christs and false apostles will arise, and will lead astray many of the faithful.’
Matt 24:5 (quotation, medium confidence) · Matt 7:15 (quotation, high confidence) · 1 Cor 11:18 (allusion, medium confidence) · 1 Cor 11:19 (allusion, medium confidence) · Matt 24:11 (quotation, medium confidence) · Matt 24:24 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Jesus foretold false prophets, schisms, and heresies.
- “There will be schisms and heresies” is not found in the Gospels as a saying of Jesus; compare 1 Cor 11:18–19. Such sayings are sometimes counted among the agrapha (sayings of Jesus outside the canonical Gospels).
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (digitization slip (word split)): ψευδοαπόστο λοι → ψευδοαπόστολοι.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Justin, Dial. 35.3 (Archambault 1:156; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/justin-dialogue/32-1/#p-35-3).
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Archambault (1909); made independently of existing English translations.
35.4Archambault 1:156
Εἰσὶν οὖν καὶ ἐγένοντο, ὦ φίλοι ἄνδρες, πολλοὶ οἳ ἄθεα καὶ βλάσφημα λέγειν καὶ πράττειν ἐδίδαξαν, ἐν ὀνόματι τοῦ Ἰησοῦ προσελθόντες· καὶ καλούμενοί εἰσιν ὑφʼ ἡμῶν ἀπὸ τῆς προσωνυμίας τῶν ἀνδρῶν, ἐξ οὗπερ ἑκάστη διδαχὴ καὶ γνώμη ἤρξατο.
Eisin oun kai egenonto, ō philoi andres, polloi hoi athea kai blasphēma legein kai prattein edidaxan, en onomati tou Iēsou proselthontes; kai kaloumenoi eisin hyphʼ hēmōn apo tēs prosōnymias tōn andrōn, ex houper hekastē didachē kai gnōmē ērxato.
“There are, then, and have been, friends, many who have taught men to say and do godless and blasphemous things, coming in the name of Jesus; and they are called by us after the name of the men from whom each teaching and opinion began.
Notes and citation
Summary: Heretics are named after their founders.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Justin, Dial. 35.4 (Archambault 1:156; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/justin-dialogue/32-1/#p-35-4).
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Archambault (1909); made independently of existing English translations.
35.5Archambault 1:156–158
Ἄλλοι γὰρ κατʼ ἄλλον τρόπον βλασφημεῖν τὸν ποιητὴν τῶν ὅλων καὶ τὸν ὑπʼ αὐτοῦ προφητευόμενον ἐλεύσεσθαι Χριστὸν καὶ τὸν θεὸν Ἀβραὰμ καὶ Ἰσαὰκ καὶ Ἰακὼβ διδάσκουσιν· ὧν οὐδενὶ κοινωνοῦμεν, οἱ γνωρίζοντες ἀθέους καὶ ἀσεβεῖς καὶ ἀδίκους καὶ ἀνόμους αὐτοὺς ὑπάρχοντας, καὶ ἀντὶ τοῦ τὸν Ἰησοῦν σέβειν ὀνόματι μόνον ὁμολογεῖν.
Alloi gar katʼ allon tropon blasphēmein ton poiētēn tōn holōn kai ton hypʼ autou prophēteuomenon eleusesthai Christon kai ton theon Abraam kai Isaak kai Iakōb didaskousin; hōn oudeni koinōnoumen, hoi gnōrizontes atheous kai asebeis kai adikous kai anomous autous hyparchontas, kai anti tou ton Iēsoun sebein onomati monon homologein.
“For some in one way and others in another teach men to blaspheme the Maker of all things, and the Christ foretold by him as coming, and the God of Abraham and Isaac and Jacob; with none of whom do we have fellowship, knowing that they are godless and ungodly and unrighteous and lawless, and that instead of worshiping Jesus they confess him in name only.
Notes and citation
Summary: The heretics blaspheme the Creator; Christians have no fellowship with them.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Justin, Dial. 35.5 (Archambault 1:156–158; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/justin-dialogue/32-1/#p-35-5).
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Archambault (1909); made independently of existing English translations.
35.6Archambault 1:158–160
Καὶ Χριστιανοὺς ἑαυτοὺς λέγουσιν, ὃν τρόπον οἱ ἐν τοῖς ἔθνεσι τὸ ὄνομα τοῦ θεοῦ ἐπιγράφουσι τοῖς χειροποιήτοις, καὶ ἀνόμοις καὶ ἀθέοις τελεταῖς κοινωνοῦσι. Καί εἰσιν αὐτῶν οἱ μέν τινες καλούμενοι Μαρκιανοί, οἱ δὲ Οὐαλεντινιανοί, οἱ δὲ Βασιλειδιανοί, οἱ δὲ Σατορνιλιανοί, καὶ ἄλλοι ἄλλῳ ὀνόματι, ἀπὸ τοῦ ἀρχηγέτου τῆς γνώμης ἕκαστος ὀνομαζόμενος, ὃν τρόπον καὶ ἕκαστος τῶν φιλοσοφεῖν νομιζόντων, ὡς ἐν ἀρχῇ προεῖπον, ἀπὸ τοῦ πατρὸς τοῦ λόγου τὸ ὄνομα ἧς φιλοσοφεῖ φιλοσοφίας ἡγεῖται φέρειν.
Kai Christianous heautous legousin, hon tropon hoi en tois ethnesi to onoma tou theou epigraphousi tois cheiropoiētois, kai anomois kai atheois teletais koinōnousi. Kai eisin autōn hoi men tines kaloumenoi Markianoi, hoi de Oualentinianoi, hoi de Basileidianoi, hoi de Satornilianoi, kai alloi allǭ onomati, apo tou archēgetou tēs gnōmēs hekastos onomazomenos, hon tropon kai hekastos tōn philosophein nomizontōn, hōs en archę̄ proeipon, apo tou patros tou logou to onoma hēs philosophei philosophias hēgeitai pherein.
“And they call themselves Christians, in the same way as those among the nations inscribe the name of God on things made by hands, and take part in lawless and godless rites. And some of them are called Marcianites, others Valentinians, others Basilidians, others Saturnilians, and others by other names, each named after the originator of the opinion, just as each of those who think they practice philosophy, as I said at the beginning, thinks he bears the name of the philosophy he practices from the father of the teaching.
Notes and citation
Summary: Justin names the Marcionites, Valentinians, Basilidians, and Saturnilians.
- “Marcianites” (Μαρκιανοί): the followers of Marcion. Valentinus, Basilides, and Saturninus were Gnostic teachers of the second century.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Justin, Dial. 35.6 (Archambault 1:158–160; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/justin-dialogue/32-1/#p-35-6).
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Archambault (1909); made independently of existing English translations.
35.7Archambault 1:160
Ὥστε καὶ ἐκ τούτων ἡμεῖς, ὡς ἔφην, τὸν Ἰησοῦν καὶ τῶν μετʼ αὐτὸν γενησομένων προγνώστην ἐπιστάμεθα, καὶ ἐξ ἄλλων δὲ πολλῶν ὧν προεῖπε γενήσεσθαι τοῖς πιστεύουσι καὶ ὁμολογοῦσιν αὐτὸν Χριστόν. Καὶ γὰρ ἃ πάσχομεν πάντα, ἀναιρούμενοι ὑπὸ τῶν οἰκείων, προεῖπεν ἡμῖν μέλλειν γενέσθαι, ὡς κατὰ μηδένα τρόπον ἐπιλήψιμον αὐτοῦ λόγον ἢ πρᾶξιν φαίνεσθαι.
Hōste kai ek toutōn hēmeis, hōs ephēn, ton Iēsoun kai tōn metʼ auton genēsomenōn prognōstēn epistametha, kai ex allōn de pollōn hōn proeipe genēsesthai tois pisteuousi kai homologousin auton Christon. Kai gar ha paschomen panta, anairoumenoi hypo tōn oikeiōn, proeipen hēmin mellein genesthai, hōs kata mēdena tropon epilēpsimon autou logon ē praxin phainesthai.
“So from these things too, as I said, we know that Jesus foreknew what would happen after him, and from many other things that he foretold would happen to those who believe in him and confess him as Christ. For all that we suffer, being put to death by our own kinsmen, he foretold would happen to us, so that in no way does any word or deed of his appear open to blame.
Matt 10:21 (echo, high confidence) · Matt 10:36 (echo, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Christ foretold both the heresies and the persecutions of his followers.
Topics: Persecution
Cite (SBL): Justin, Dial. 35.7 (Archambault 1:160; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/justin-dialogue/32-1/#p-35-7).
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Archambault (1909); made independently of existing English translations.
35.8Archambault 1:160
Διὸ καὶ ὑπὲρ ὑμῶν καὶ ὑπὲρ τῶν ἄλλων ἁπάντων ἀνθρώπων τῶν ἐχθραινόντων ἡμῖν εὐχόμεθα, ἵνα μεταγνόντες σὺν ἡμῖν μὴ βλασφημῆτε τὸν διά τε τῶν ἔργων καὶ τῶν ἀπὸ τοῦ ὀνόματος αὐτοῦ καὶ νῦν γινομένων δυνάμεων καὶ ἀπὸ τῶν τῆς διδαχῆς λόγων καὶ ἀπὸ τῶν προφητευθεισῶν εἰς αὐτὸν προφητειῶν ἄμωμον καὶ ἀνέγκλητον κατὰ πάντα Χριστὸν Ἰησοῦν, ἀλλὰ πιστεύσαντες εἰς αὐτὸν ἐν τῇ πάλιν γενησομένῃ ἐνδόξῳ αὐτοῦ παρουσίᾳ σωθῆτε καὶ μὴ καταδικασθῆτε εἰς τὸ πῦρ ὑπʼ αὐτοῦ.
Dio kai hyper hymōn kai hyper tōn allōn hapantōn anthrōpōn tōn echthrainontōn hēmin euchometha, hina metagnontes syn hēmin mē blasphēmēte ton dia te tōn ergōn kai tōn apo tou onomatos autou kai nyn ginomenōn dynameōn kai apo tōn tēs didachēs logōn kai apo tōn prophēteutheisōn eis auton prophēteiōn amōmon kai anenklēton kata panta Christon Iēsoun, alla pisteusantes eis auton en tę̄ palin genēsomenę̄ endoxǭ autou parousią sōthēte kai mē katadikasthēte eis to pyr hypʼ autou.
“Therefore we pray for you and for all other men who are hostile to us, that you may repent with us and not blaspheme Christ Jesus, who is blameless and irreproachable in all things, as shown by his works and the mighty works done even now by his name, and by the words of his teaching, and by the prophecies spoken about him; but that, believing in him, you may be saved at his glorious coming, which will take place again, and not be condemned by him to the fire.”
Matt 5:44 (echo, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Christians pray for their enemies, that they may be saved at Christ's return.
Topics: Prayer, Eschatology
Cite (SBL): Justin, Dial. 35.8 (Archambault 1:160; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/justin-dialogue/32-1/#p-35-8).
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Archambault (1909); made independently of existing English translations.
Chapter 36
36.1Archambault 1:160–162
Κἀκεῖνος ἀπεκρίνατο· Ἔστω καὶ ταῦτα οὕτως ἔχοντα ὡς λέγεις, καὶ ὅτι παθητὸς Χριστὸς προεφητεύθη μέλλειν εἶναι, καὶ λίθος κέκληται, καὶ ἔνδοξος μετὰ τὴν πρώτην αὐτοῦ παρουσίαν, ἐν ᾗ παθητὸς φαίνεσθαι κεκήρυκτο, ἐλευσόμενος καὶ κριτὴς πάντων λοιπὸν καὶ αἰώνιος βασιλεὺς καὶ ἱερεὺς γενησόμενος· εἰ οὗτος δέ ἐστι περὶ οὗ ταῦτα προεφητεύθη, ἀπόδειξον.
Kakeinos apekrinato; Estō kai tauta houtōs echonta hōs legeis, kai hoti pathētos Christos proephēteuthē mellein einai, kai lithos keklētai, kai endoxos meta tēn prōtēn autou parousian, en hę̄ pathētos phainesthai kekērykto, eleusomenos kai kritēs pantōn loipon kai aiōnios basileus kai hiereus genēsomenos; ei houtos de esti peri hou tauta proephēteuthē, apodeixon.
And he answered, “Let these things be as you say: that the Christ was foretold as one who would suffer, and has been called a Stone, and that after his first coming, in which it was proclaimed he would appear subject to suffering, he will come in glory and be judge of all, and eternal King and Priest. But prove that this man is the one of whom these things were prophesied.”
Notes and citation
Summary: Trypho grants that the Messiah must suffer, but asks proof that Jesus is he.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (digitization slip against Archambault's printed text (wrong diacritic)): ἐν ᾖ παθητὸς → ἐν ᾗ παθητὸς.
Topics: Christology
Cite (SBL): Justin, Dial. 36.1 (Archambault 1:160–162; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/justin-dialogue/32-1/#p-36-1).
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Archambault (1909); made independently of existing English translations.
36.2Archambault 1:162
Κἀγώ· Ὡς βούλει, ὦ Τρύφων, ἐλεύσομαι πρὸς ἃς βούλει ταύτας ἀποδείξεις ἐν τῷ ἁρμόζοντι τόπῳ, ἔφην· τανῦν δὲ συγχωρήσεις μοι πρῶτον ἐπιμνησθῆναι ὧνπερ βούλομαι προφητειῶν, εἰς ἐπίδειξιν ὅτι καὶ θεὸς καὶ κύριος τῶν δυνάμεων ὁ Χριστὸς καὶ Ἰακὼβ καλεῖται ἐν παραβολῇ ὑπὸ τοῦ ἁγίου πνεύματος, καὶ οἱ παρʼ ὑμῖν ἐξηγηταί, ὡς θεὸς βοᾷ, ἀνόητοί εἰσι, μὴ εἰς τὸν Χριστὸν εἰρῆσθαι λέγοντες ἀλλʼ εἰς Σολομῶνα, ὅτε εἰσέφερε τὴν σκηνὴν τοῦ μαρτυρίου εἰς τὸν ναὸν ὃν ᾠκοδόμησεν.
Kagō; Hōs boulei, ō Tryphōn, eleusomai pros has boulei tautas apodeixeis en tǭ harmozonti topǭ, ephēn; tanyn de synchōrēseis moi prōton epimnēsthēnai hōnper boulomai prophēteiōn, eis epideixin hoti kai theos kai kyrios tōn dynameōn ho Christos kai Iakōb kaleitai en parabolę̄ hypo tou hagiou pneumatos, kai hoi parʼ hymin exēgētai, hōs theos boą, anoētoi eisi, mē eis ton Christon eirēsthai legontes allʼ eis Solomōna, hote eisephere tēn skēnēn tou martyriou eis ton naon hon ǭkodomēsen.
And I said, “As you wish, Trypho, I will come to these proofs you ask for in the proper place; but now you will allow me first to recall the prophecies I wish, to show that Christ is called by the Holy Spirit both God and Lord of hosts and Jacob in a parable; and that your interpreters, as God cries, are foolish, saying that these were spoken not of Christ but of Solomon, when he brought the tabernacle of witness into the temple he had built.
Notes and citation
Summary: Justin will first show that Christ is called God and Lord of hosts.
Topics: Christology
Cite (SBL): Justin, Dial. 36.2 (Archambault 1:162; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/justin-dialogue/32-1/#p-36-2).
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Archambault (1909); made independently of existing English translations.
36.3Archambault 1:162–164
Ἔστι δὲ ψαλμὸς τοῦ Δαυῒδ οὗτος· Τοῦ κυρίου ἡ γῆ καὶ τὸ πλήρωμα αὐτῆς, ἡ οἰκουμένη καὶ πάντες οἱ κατοικοῦντες ἐν αὐτῇ. Αὐτὸς ἐπὶ θαλασσῶν ἐθεμελίωσεν αὐτήν, καὶ ἐπὶ ποταμῶν ἡτοίμασεν αὐτήν. Τίς ἀναβήσεται εἰς τὸ ὄρος τοῦ κυρίου, ἢ τίς στήσεται ἐν τόπῳ ἁγίῳ αὐτοῦ; ἀθῶος χερσὶ καὶ καθαρὸς τῇ καρδίᾳ, ὃς οὐκ ἔλαβεν ἐπὶ ματαίῳ τὴν ψυχὴν αὐτοῦ καὶ οὐκ ὤμοσεν ἐπὶ δόλῳ τῷ πλησίον αὐτοῦ.
Esti de psalmos tou Dauïd houtos; Tou kyriou hē gē kai to plērōma autēs, hē oikoumenē kai pantes hoi katoikountes en autę̄. Autos epi thalassōn ethemeliōsen autēn, kai epi potamōn hētoimasen autēn. Tis anabēsetai eis to oros tou kyriou, ē tis stēsetai en topǭ hagiǭ autou? athōos chersi kai katharos tę̄ kardią, hos ouk elaben epi mataiǭ tēn psychēn autou kai ouk ōmosen epi dolǭ tǭ plēsion autou.
“This is the psalm of David: ‘The earth is the Lord's and its fullness, the world and all who dwell in it. He founded it upon the seas, and prepared it upon the rivers. Who shall go up to the mountain of the Lord, or who shall stand in his holy place? He who is innocent in hands and pure in heart, who has not taken his soul in vain, nor sworn deceitfully to his neighbor.
Ps 24:1 (23:1 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 24:2 (23:2 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 24:3 (23:3 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 24:4 (23:4 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Ps 24:1–4 (LXX 23).
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (digitization slip against Archambault's printed text (stray breathing); digitization slip against Archambault's printed text (wrong breathing)): Ἀὐτὸς ἐπὶ θαλασσῶν → Αὐτὸς ἐπὶ θαλασσῶν; εἰς τὸ ὅρος τοῦ κυρίου → εἰς τὸ ὄρος τοῦ κυρίου.
Topics: Scripture and canon
Cite (SBL): Justin, Dial. 36.3 (Archambault 1:162–164; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/justin-dialogue/32-1/#p-36-3).
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Archambault (1909); made independently of existing English translations.
36.4Archambault 1:164
Οὗτος λήψεται εὐλογίαν παρὰ κυρίου καὶ ἐλεημοσύνην παρὰ θεοῦ σωτῆρος αὐτοῦ. Αὕτη ἡ γενεὰ ζητούντων τὸν κύριον, ζητούντων τὸ πρόσωπον τοῦ θεοῦ Ἰακώβ. Ἄρατε πύλας οἱ ἄρχοντες ὑμῶν, καὶ ἐπάρθητε πύλαι αἰώνιοι, καὶ εἰσελεύσεται ὁ βασιλεὺς τῆς δόξης. Τίς ἐστιν οὗτος ὁ βασιλεὺς τῆς δόξης; κύριος κραταιὸς καὶ δυνατὸς ἐν πολέμῳ. Ἄρατε πύλας οἱ ἄρχοντες ὑμῶν, καὶ ἐπάρθητε πύλαι αἰώνιοι, καὶ εἰσελεύσεται ὁ βασιλεὺς τῆς δόξης. Τίς ἐστιν οὗτος ὁ βασιλεὺς τῆς δόξης; κύριος τῶν δυνάμεων, αὐτός ἐστιν ὁ βασιλεὺς τῆς δόξης.
Houtos lēpsetai eulogian para kyriou kai eleēmosynēn para theou sōtēros autou. Hautē hē genea zētountōn ton kyrion, zētountōn to prosōpon tou theou Iakōb. Arate pylas hoi archontes hymōn, kai eparthēte pylai aiōnioi, kai eiseleusetai ho basileus tēs doxēs. Tis estin houtos ho basileus tēs doxēs? kyrios krataios kai dynatos en polemǭ. Arate pylas hoi archontes hymōn, kai eparthēte pylai aiōnioi, kai eiseleusetai ho basileus tēs doxēs. Tis estin houtos ho basileus tēs doxēs? kyrios tōn dynameōn, autos estin ho basileus tēs doxēs.
“‘He shall receive blessing from the Lord, and mercy from God his Savior. This is the generation of those who seek the Lord, who seek the face of the God of Jacob. Lift up your gates, you rulers, and be lifted up, you everlasting gates, and the King of glory shall come in. Who is this King of glory? The Lord strong and mighty in battle. Lift up your gates, you rulers, and be lifted up, you everlasting gates, and the King of glory shall come in. Who is this King of glory? The Lord of hosts, he is the King of glory.’
Ps 24:5 (23:5 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 24:6 (23:6 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 24:7 (23:7 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 24:8 (23:8 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 24:9 (23:9 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 24:10 (23:10 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Ps 24:5–10.
Topics: Scripture and canon
Cite (SBL): Justin, Dial. 36.4 (Archambault 1:164; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/justin-dialogue/32-1/#p-36-4).
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Archambault (1909); made independently of existing English translations.
36.5Archambault 1:164
Κύριος οὖν τῶν δυνάμεων ὅτι οὐκ ἔστιν ὁ Σολομὼν ἀποδέδεικται· ἀλλὰ ὁ ἡμέτερος Χριστὸς ὅτε ἐκ νεκρῶν ἀνέστη καὶ ἀνέβαινεν εἰς τὸν οὐρανόν, κελεύονται οἱ ἐν τοῖς οὐρανοῖς ταχθέντες ὑπὸ τοῦ θεοῦ ἄρχοντες ἀνοῖξαι τὰς πύλας τῶν οὐρανῶν, ἵνα εἰσέλθῃ οὗτος ὅς ἐστι βασιλεὺς τῆς δόξης, καὶ ἀναβὰς καθίσῃ ἐν δεξιᾷ τοῦ πατρός, ἕως ἂν θῇ τοὺς ἐχθροὺς ὑποπόδιον τῶν ποδῶν αὐτοῦ, ὡς διὰ τοῦ ἄλλου ψαλμοῦ δεδήλωται.
Kyrios oun tōn dynameōn hoti ouk estin ho Solomōn apodedeiktai; alla ho hēmeteros Christos hote ek nekrōn anestē kai anebainen eis ton ouranon, keleuontai hoi en tois ouranois tachthentes hypo tou theou archontes anoixai tas pylas tōn ouranōn, hina eiselthę̄ houtos hos esti basileus tēs doxēs, kai anabas kathisę̄ en dexią tou patros, heōs an thę̄ tous echthrous hypopodion tōn podōn autou, hōs dia tou allou psalmou dedēlōtai.
“It has been shown, then, that Solomon is not the Lord of hosts; but when our Christ rose from the dead and was going up into heaven, the rulers appointed by God in the heavens are commanded to open the gates of the heavens, so that he who is King of glory may enter, and, having gone up, sit at the right hand of the Father until he makes his enemies the footstool of his feet, as has been shown through the other psalm.
Ps 24:7 (23:7 LXX) (allusion, high confidence) · Ps 110:1 (109:1 LXX) (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 24 depicts Christ's ascension through the gates of heaven.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (digitization slip against Archambault's printed text (wrong breathing)): οἱ ὲν τοῖς οὐρανοῖς → οἱ ἐν τοῖς οὐρανοῖς.
Topics: Christology
Cite (SBL): Justin, Dial. 36.5 (Archambault 1:164; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/justin-dialogue/32-1/#p-36-5).
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Archambault (1909); made independently of existing English translations.
36.6Archambault 1:164–166
Ἐπειδὴ γὰρ οἱ ἐν οὐρανῷ ἄρχοντες ἑώρων ἀειδῆ καὶ ἄτιμον τὸ εἶδος καὶ ἄδοξον ἔχοντα αὐτόν, οὐ γνωρίζοντες αὐτόν, ἐπυνθάνοντο· τίς ἐστιν οὗτος ὁ βασιλεὺς τῆς δόξης; Καὶ ἀποκρίνεται αὐτοῖς τὸ πνεῦμα τὸ ἅγιον ἢ ἀπὸ προσώπου τοῦ πατρὸς ἢ ἀπὸ τοῦ ἰδίου· Κύριος τῶν δυνάμεων, αὐτὸς οὗτός ἐστιν ὁ βασιλεὺς τῆς δόξης. Ὅτι γὰρ οὔτε περὶ Σολομῶνος, ἐνδόξου οὕτω βασιλέως ὄντος, οὔτε περὶ τῆς σκηνῆς τοῦ μαρτυρίου τῶν ἐφεστώτων ταῖς πύλαις τοῦ ναοῦ τῶν Ἱεροσολύμων ἐτόλμησεν ἄν τις εἰπεῖν· Τίς ἐστιν οὗτος ὁ βασιλεὺς τῆς δόξης; πᾶς ὁστισοῦν ὁμολογήσει.
Epeidē gar hoi en ouranǭ archontes heōrōn aeidē kai atimon to eidos kai adoxon echonta auton, ou gnōrizontes auton, epynthanonto; tis estin houtos ho basileus tēs doxēs? Kai apokrinetai autois to pneuma to hagion ē apo prosōpou tou patros ē apo tou idiou; Kyrios tōn dynameōn, autos houtos estin ho basileus tēs doxēs. Hoti gar oute peri Solomōnos, endoxou houtō basileōs ontos, oute peri tēs skēnēs tou martyriou tōn ephestōtōn tais pylais tou naou tōn Hierosolymōn etolmēsen an tis eipein; Tis estin houtos ho basileus tēs doxēs? pas hostisoun homologēsei.
“For when the rulers in heaven saw him with no beauty or honor in his form and without glory, not recognizing him, they asked, ‘Who is this King of glory?’ And the Holy Spirit answers them, either in the person of the Father or in his own: ‘The Lord of hosts, he is the King of glory.’ For everyone will admit that no one would have dared to say of Solomon, glorious king as he was, or of the tabernacle of witness, among those standing at the gates of the temple in Jerusalem, ‘Who is this King of glory?’
Isa 53:2 (allusion, high confidence) · Ps 24:8 (23:8 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 24:10 (23:10 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The heavenly powers did not recognize the humbled Christ and asked who he was.
- The idea that the angels did not recognize Christ at his ascension because of his humble form was developed by later writers (e.g. Irenaeus, Origen).
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (digitization slip against Archambault's printed text (wrong accent)): Ὅτι γὰρ οὕτε περὶ → Ὅτι γὰρ οὔτε περὶ.
Topics: Christology
Cite (SBL): Justin, Dial. 36.6 (Archambault 1:164–166; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/justin-dialogue/32-1/#p-36-6).
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Archambault (1909); made independently of existing English translations.
Chapter 37
37.1Archambault 1:166
Καὶ ἐν διαψάλματι τεσσαρακοστοῦ ἕκτου ψαλμοῦ, ἔφην, εἰς τὸν Χριστὸν οὕτως εἴρηται· Ἀνέβη ὁ θεὸς ἐν ἀλαλαγμῷ, κύριος ἐν φωνῇ σάλπιγγος. Ψάλατε τῷ θεῷ ἡμῶν, ψάλατε, ψάλατε τῷ βασιλεῖ ἡμῶν, ψάλατε. Ὅτι βασιλεὺς πάσης τῆς γῆς ὁ θεός, ψάλατε συνετῶς. Ἐβασίλευσεν ὁ θεὸς ἐπὶ τὰ ἔθνη, ὁ θεὸς κάθηται ἐπὶ θρόνου ἁγίου αὐτοῦ. Ἄρχοντες λαῶν συνήχθησαν μετὰ τοῦ θεοῦ Ἀβραάμ, ὅτι τοῦ θεοῦ οἱ κραταιοὶ τῆς γῆς σφόδρα ἐπήρθησαν.
Kai en diapsalmati tessarakostou hektou psalmou, ephēn, eis ton Christon houtōs eirētai; Anebē ho theos en alalagmǭ, kyrios en phōnę̄ salpingos. Psalate tǭ theǭ hēmōn, psalate, psalate tǭ basilei hēmōn, psalate. Hoti basileus pasēs tēs gēs ho theos, psalate synetōs. Ebasileusen ho theos epi ta ethnē, ho theos kathētai epi thronou hagiou autou. Archontes laōn synēchthēsan meta tou theou Abraam, hoti tou theou hoi krataioi tēs gēs sphodra epērthēsan.
“And in the diapsalm of the forty-sixth psalm,” I said, “it is said of Christ thus: ‘God has gone up with a shout, the Lord with the sound of a trumpet. Sing to our God, sing; sing to our King, sing. For God is King of all the earth; sing with understanding. God has reigned over the nations; God sits on his holy throne. The rulers of the peoples have gathered with the God of Abraham, for the mighty ones of the earth belong to God; they were greatly exalted.’
Ps 47:5 (46:6 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 47:6 (46:7 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 47:7 (46:8 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 47:8 (46:9 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 47:9 (46:10 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Ps 47:5–9 (LXX 46) is spoken of Christ.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (digitization slip against Archambault's printed text (wrong accent); digitization slips against Archambault's printed text (accents)): μετά τοῦ θεοῦ Ἀβραάμ → μετὰ τοῦ θεοῦ Ἀβραάμ; τῆς γης σφόδρα ἐπῇρθησαν → τῆς γῆς σφόδρα ἐπήρθησαν.
Topics: Christology
Cite (SBL): Justin, Dial. 37.1 (Archambault 1:166; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/justin-dialogue/32-1/#p-37-1).
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Archambault (1909); made independently of existing English translations.
37.2Archambault 1:166
Καὶ ἐν ἐνενηκοστῷ ὀγδόῳ ψαλμῷ ὀνειδίζει ὑμᾶς τὸ πνεῦμα τὸ ἅγιον, καὶ τοῦτον, ὃν μὴ θέλετε βασιλέα εἶναι, βασιλέα καὶ κύριον καὶ τοῦ Σαμουὴλ καὶ τοῦ Ἀαρὼν καὶ Μωσέως καὶ τῶν ἄλλων πάντων ἁπλῶς ὄντα μηνύει.
Kai en enenēkostǭ ogdoǭ psalmǭ oneidizei hymas to pneuma to hagion, kai touton, hon mē thelete basilea einai, basilea kai kyrion kai tou Samouēl kai tou Aarōn kai Mōseōs kai tōn allōn pantōn haplōs onta mēnyei.
“And in the ninety-eighth psalm the Holy Spirit reproaches you, and declares that this one, whom you do not want to be king, is King and Lord both of Samuel and of Aaron and of Moses and, in short, of all the others.
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 99 shows Christ as King and Lord of Moses, Aaron, and Samuel.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (digitization slip against Archambault's printed text (wrong accent)): τῶν ἂλλων → τῶν ἄλλων.
Topics: Christology
Cite (SBL): Justin, Dial. 37.2 (Archambault 1:166; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/justin-dialogue/32-1/#p-37-2).
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Archambault (1909); made independently of existing English translations.
37.3Archambault 1:166–168
Εἰσὶ δὲ οἱ λόγοι τοῦ ψαλμοῦ οὗτοι· Ὁ κύριος ἐβασίλευσεν, ὀργιζέσθωσαν λαοί· ὁ καθήμενος ἐπὶ τῶν χερουβίμ, σαλευθήτω ἡ γῆ. Κύριος ἐν Σιὼν μέγας καὶ ὑψηλός ἐστιν ἐπὶ πάντας τοὺς λαούς. Ἐξομολογησάσθωσαν τῷ ὀνόματί σου τῷ μεγάλῳ, ὅτι φοβερὸν καὶ ἅγιόν ἐστι, καὶ, τιμὴ βασιλέως κρίσιν ἀγαπᾷ. Σὺ ἡτοίμασας εὐθύτητας, κρίσιν καὶ δικαιοσύνην ἐν Ἰακὼβ σὺ ἐποίησας. Ὑψοῦτε κύριον τὸν θεὸν ἡμῶν καὶ προσκυνεῖτε τῷ ὑποποδίῳ τῶν ποδῶν αὐτοῦ, ὅτι ἅγιός ἐστι.
Eisi de hoi logoi tou psalmou houtoi; Ho kyrios ebasileusen, orgizesthōsan laoi; ho kathēmenos epi tōn cheroubim, saleuthētō hē gē. Kyrios en Siōn megas kai hypsēlos estin epi pantas tous laous. Exomologēsasthōsan tǭ onomati sou tǭ megalǭ, hoti phoberon kai hagion esti, kai, timē basileōs krisin agapą. Sy hētoimasas euthytētas, krisin kai dikaiosynēn en Iakōb sy epoiēsas. Hypsoute kyrion ton theon hēmōn kai proskyneite tǭ hypopodiǭ tōn podōn autou, hoti hagios esti.
“These are the words of the psalm: ‘The Lord has reigned; let the peoples be angry. He who sits upon the cherubim; let the earth be shaken. The Lord is great in Zion, and high above all the peoples. Let them confess your great name, for it is terrible and holy; and the honor of the king loves judgment. You have prepared uprightness; judgment and righteousness in Jacob you have done. Exalt the Lord our God, and worship at the footstool of his feet, for he is holy.
Ps 99:1 (98:1 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 99:2 (98:2 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 99:3 (98:3 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 99:4 (98:4 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 99:5 (98:5 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Ps 99:1–5 (LXX 98).
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (digitization slip (word split); digitization slip against Archambault's printed text (wrong breathing)): ὀργιζέ σθωσαν → ὀργιζέσθωσαν; δικαιοσύνην ὲν Ἰακὼβ → δικαιοσύνην ἐν Ἰακὼβ.
Topics: Scripture and canon
Cite (SBL): Justin, Dial. 37.3 (Archambault 1:166–168; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/justin-dialogue/32-1/#p-37-3).
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Archambault (1909); made independently of existing English translations.
37.4Archambault 1:168
Μωσῆς καὶ Ἀαρὼν ἐν τοῖς ἱερεῦσιν αὐτοῦ, καὶ Σαμουὴλ ἐν τοῖς ἐπικαλουμένοις τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ· ἐπεκαλοῦντο, φησὶν ἡ γραφή, τὸν κύριον, καὶ αὐτὸς εἰσήκουεν αὐτῶν. Ἐν στύλῳ νεφέλης ἐλάλει πρὸς αὐτούς· ἐφύλασσον τὰ μαρτύρια αὐτοῦ, καὶ τὸ πρόσταγμα ὃ ἔδωκεν αὐτοῖς. Κύριε ὁ θεὸς ἡμῶν, σὺ ἐπήκουες αὐτῶν· ὁ θεός, σὺ εὐίλατος ἐγένου αὐτοῖς καὶ ἐκδικῶν ἐπὶ πάντα τὰ ἐπιτηδεύματα αὐτῶν. Ὑψοῦτε κύριον τὸν θεὸν ἡμῶν καὶ προσκυνεῖτε εἰς ὄρος ἅγιον αὐτοῦ, ὅτι ἅγιος κύριος ὁ θεὸς ἡμῶν.
Mōsēs kai Aarōn en tois hiereusin autou, kai Samouēl en tois epikaloumenois to onoma autou; epekalounto, phēsin hē graphē, ton kyrion, kai autos eisēkouen autōn. En stylǭ nephelēs elalei pros autous; ephylasson ta martyria autou, kai to prostagma ho edōken autois. Kyrie ho theos hēmōn, sy epēkoues autōn; ho theos, sy euilatos egenou autois kai ekdikōn epi panta ta epitēdeumata autōn. Hypsoute kyrion ton theon hēmōn kai proskyneite eis oros hagion autou, hoti hagios kyrios ho theos hēmōn.
“‘Moses and Aaron among his priests, and Samuel among those who call on his name; they called,’ says the Scripture, ‘on the Lord, and he heard them. In a pillar of cloud he spoke to them; they kept his testimonies and the ordinance he gave them. O Lord our God, you heard them; O God, you were gracious to them, and took vengeance on all their deeds. Exalt the Lord our God, and worship at his holy mountain, for the Lord our God is holy.’”
Ps 99:6 (98:6 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 99:7 (98:7 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 99:8 (98:8 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 99:9 (98:9 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Ps 99:6–9.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (digitization slip against Archambault's printed text (wrong breathing)): ὅτι ἄγιος κύριος → ὅτι ἅγιος κύριος.
Topics: Scripture and canon
Cite (SBL): Justin, Dial. 37.4 (Archambault 1:168; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/justin-dialogue/32-1/#p-37-4).
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Archambault (1909); made independently of existing English translations.
Chapter 38
38.1Archambault 1:168–170
Καὶ ὁ Τρύφων εἶπεν· Ὦ ἄνθρωπε, καλὸν ἦν πεισθέντας ἡμᾶς τοῖς διδασκάλοις, νομοθετήσασι μηδενὶ ἐξ ὑμῶν ὁμιλεῖν, μηδέ σοι τούτων κοινωνῆσαι τῶν λόγων· βλάσφημα γὰρ πολλὰ λέγεις, τὸν σταυρωθέντα τοῦτον ἀξιῶν πείθειν ἡμᾶς γεγενῆσθαι μετὰ Μωσέως καὶ Ἀαρὼν καὶ λελαληκέναι αὐτοῖς ἐν στύλῳ νεφέλης, εἶτα ἄνθρωπον γενόμενον σταυρωθῆναι, καὶ ἀναβεβηκέναι εἰς τὸν οὐρανόν, καὶ πάλιν παραγίνεσθαι ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς, καὶ προσκυνητὸν εἶναι.
Kai ho Tryphōn eipen; Ō anthrōpe, kalon ēn peisthentas hēmas tois didaskalois, nomothetēsasi mēdeni ex hymōn homilein, mēde soi toutōn koinōnēsai tōn logōn; blasphēma gar polla legeis, ton staurōthenta touton axiōn peithein hēmas gegenēsthai meta Mōseōs kai Aarōn kai lelalēkenai autois en stylǭ nephelēs, eita anthrōpon genomenon staurōthēnai, kai anabebēkenai eis ton ouranon, kai palin paraginesthai epi tēs gēs, kai proskynēton einai.
And Trypho said, “Sir, it would have been good for us to obey our teachers, who laid down a law that we should converse with none of you, and not to have taken part in these discussions with you. For you say many blasphemous things, thinking to persuade us that this crucified man was with Moses and Aaron and spoke to them in the pillar of cloud, then became man and was crucified, and went up into heaven, and comes again upon the earth, and is to be worshiped.”
Notes and citation
Summary: Trypho protests that Justin's claims about the crucified Jesus are blasphemous.
Topics: Christology
Cite (SBL): Justin, Dial. 38.1 (Archambault 1:168–170; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/justin-dialogue/32-1/#p-38-1).
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Archambault (1909); made independently of existing English translations.
38.2Archambault 1:170
Κἀγὼ ἀπεκρινάμην· Οἶδα ὅτι, ὡς ὁ τοῦ θεου λόγος ἔφη, κέκρυπται ἀφʼ ὑμῶν ἡ σοφία ἡ μεγάλη αὕτη τοῦ ποιητοῦ τῶν ὅλων καὶ παντοκράτορος θεοῦ. Διὸ συμπαθῶν ὑμῖν προσκάμνειν ἀγωνίζομαι, ὅπως τὰ παράδοξα ἡμῶν ταῦτα νοήσητε, εἰ δὲ μή, ἵνα κἂν αὐτὸς ἀθῷος ᾦ ἐν ἡμέρᾳ κρίσεως. Ἔτι γὰρ καὶ παραδοξοτέρους δοκοῦντας ἄλλους λόγους ἀκούσετε· μὴ ταράσσεσθε δέ, ἀλλὰ μᾶλλον προθυμότεροι γινόμενοι ἀκροαταὶ ἐξετασταὶ μένετε, καταφρονοῦντες τῆς παραδόσεως τῶν ὑμετέρων διδασκάλων, ἐπεὶ οὐ τὰ διὰ τοῦ θεοῦ ὑπὸ τοῦ προφητικοῦ πνεύματος ἐλέγχονται νοεῖν δυνάμενοι, ἀλλὰ τὰ ἴδια μᾶλλον διδάσκειν προαιρούμενοι.
Kagō apekrinamēn; Oida hoti, hōs ho tou theou logos ephē, kekryptai aphʼ hymōn hē sophia hē megalē hautē tou poiētou tōn holōn kai pantokratoros theou. Dio sympathōn hymin proskamnein agōnizomai, hopōs ta paradoxa hēmōn tauta noēsēte, ei de mē, hina kan autos athǭos ǭ en hēmerą kriseōs. Eti gar kai paradoxoterous dokountas allous logous akousete; mē tarassesthe de, alla mallon prothymoteroi ginomenoi akroatai exetastai menete, kataphronountes tēs paradoseōs tōn hymeterōn didaskalōn, epei ou ta dia tou theou hypo tou prophētikou pneumatos elenchontai noein dynamenoi, alla ta idia mallon didaskein proairoumenoi.
And I answered, “I know that, as the word of God said, this great wisdom of God, the Maker of all things and Almighty, is hidden from you. Therefore, out of sympathy for you, I strive to labor, so that you may understand these paradoxes of ours; or if not, so that I at least may be innocent on the day of judgment. For you will hear other words that seem still more paradoxical; but do not be troubled; rather, becoming more eager, remain as listeners and examiners, despising the tradition of your teachers, since they are shown to be unable to understand what was spoken from God by the prophetic Spirit, and prefer to teach their own things.
Isa 29:14 (allusion, medium confidence) · 1 Cor 2:7 (echo, medium confidence) · Ezek 3:19 (echo, medium confidence) · Mark 7:8 (echo, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Justin persists out of concern for them, urging them to set aside their teachers' tradition.
Cite (SBL): Justin, Dial. 38.2 (Archambault 1:170; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/justin-dialogue/32-1/#p-38-2).
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Archambault (1909); made independently of existing English translations.
38.3Archambault 1:170
Ἐν τεσσαρακοστῷ οὖν τετάρτῳ ψαλμῷ ὁμοίως εἴρηται εἰς τὸν Χριστὸν ταῦτα· Ἐξηρεύξατο ἡ καρδία μου λόγον ἀγαθόν· λέγω ἐγὼ τὰ ἔργα μου τῷ βασιλεῖ. Ἡ γλῶσσά μου κάλαμος γραμματέως ὀξυγράφου. Ὡραῖος κάλλει παρὰ τοὺς υἱοὺς τῶν ἀνθρώπων, ἐξεχύθη χάρις ἐν χείλεσί σου· διὰ τοῦτο εὐλόγησέ σε ὁ θεὸς εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα. Περίζωσαι τὴν ῥομφαίαν σου ἐπὶ τὸν μηρόν σου, δυνατέ· τῇ ὡραιότητί σου καὶ τῷ κάλλει σου καὶ ἔντεινε καὶ κατευοδοῦ καὶ βασίλευε, ἕνεκεν ἀληθείας καὶ πραότητος καὶ δικαιοσύνης· καὶ ὁδηγήσει σε θαυμαστῶς ἡ δεξιά σου. Τὰ βέλη σου ἠκονημένα, δυνατέ, λαοὶ ὑποκάτω σου πεσοῦνται, ἐν καρδίᾳ τῶν ἐχθρῶν τοῦ βασιλέως.
En tessarakostǭ oun tetartǭ psalmǭ homoiōs eirētai eis ton Christon tauta; Exēreuxato hē kardia mou logon agathon; legō egō ta erga mou tǭ basilei. Hē glōssa mou kalamos grammateōs oxygraphou. Hōraios kallei para tous huious tōn anthrōpōn, exechythē charis en cheilesi sou; dia touto eulogēse se ho theos eis ton aiōna. Perizōsai tēn rhomphaian sou epi ton mēron sou, dynate; tę̄ hōraiotēti sou kai tǭ kallei sou kai enteine kai kateuodou kai basileue, heneken alētheias kai praotētos kai dikaiosynēs; kai hodēgēsei se thaumastōs hē dexia sou. Ta belē sou ēkonēmena, dynate, laoi hypokatō sou pesountai, en kardią tōn echthrōn tou basileōs.
“In the forty-fourth psalm, then, these things are likewise said of Christ: ‘My heart has poured forth a good word; I speak my works to the king. My tongue is the pen of a swift scribe. You are beautiful above the sons of men; grace has been poured on your lips; therefore God has blessed you forever. Gird your sword on your thigh, O mighty one; in your comeliness and your beauty, bend your bow and prosper and reign, for the sake of truth and meekness and righteousness; and your right hand shall guide you wonderfully. Your arrows are sharp, O mighty one; peoples shall fall under you, in the heart of the king's enemies.
Ps 45:1 (44:2 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 45:2 (44:3 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 45:3 (44:4 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 45:4 (44:5 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 45:5 (44:6 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Ps 45:1–5 (LXX 44).
Topics: Scripture and canon
Cite (SBL): Justin, Dial. 38.3 (Archambault 1:170; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/justin-dialogue/32-1/#p-38-3).
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Archambault (1909); made independently of existing English translations.
38.4Archambault 1:170–172
Ὁ θρόνος σου, ὁ θεός, εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα τοῦ αἰῶνος· ῥάβδος εὐθύτητος ἡ ῥάβδος τῆς βασιλείας σου. Ἠγάπησας δικαιοσύνην καὶ ἐμίσησας ἀνομίαν· διὰ τοῦτο ἔχρισέ σε, ὁ θεός, ὁ θεός σου ἔλαιον ἀγαλλιάσεως παρὰ τοὺς μετόχους σου. Σμύρναν καὶ στακτὴν καὶ κασίαν ἀπὸ τῶν ἱματίων σου, ἀπὸ βάρεων ἐλεφαντίνων, ἐξ ὧν εὔφρανάν σε. Θυγατέρες βασιλέων ἐν τῇ τιμῇ σου· παρέστη ἡ βασίλισσα ἐκ δεξιῶν σου, ἐν ἱματισμῷ διαχρύσῳ περιβεβλημένη, πεποικιλμένη. Ἄκουσον, θύγατερ, καὶ ἴδε καὶ κλῖνον τὸ οὖς σου, καὶ ἐπιλάθου τοῦ λαοῦ σου καὶ τοῦ οἴκου τοῦ πατρός σου· καὶ ἐπιθυμήσει ὁ βασιλεὺς τοῦ κάλλους σου, ὅτι αὐτός ἐστι κύριός σου, καὶ προσκυνήσουσιν αὐτῷ.
Ho thronos sou, ho theos, eis ton aiōna tou aiōnos; rhabdos euthytētos hē rhabdos tēs basileias sou. Ēgapēsas dikaiosynēn kai emisēsas anomian; dia touto echrise se, ho theos, ho theos sou elaion agalliaseōs para tous metochous sou. Smyrnan kai staktēn kai kasian apo tōn himatiōn sou, apo bareōn elephantinōn, ex hōn euphranan se. Thygateres basileōn en tę̄ timę̄ sou; parestē hē basilissa ek dexiōn sou, en himatismǭ diachrysǭ peribeblēmenē, pepoikilmenē. Akouson, thygater, kai ide kai klinon to ous sou, kai epilathou tou laou sou kai tou oikou tou patros sou; kai epithymēsei ho basileus tou kallous sou, hoti autos esti kyrios sou, kai proskynēsousin autǭ.
“‘Your throne, O God, is forever and ever; the scepter of your kingdom is a scepter of uprightness. You have loved righteousness and hated lawlessness; therefore God, your God, has anointed you with the oil of gladness above your companions. Myrrh and stacte and cassia are from your garments, from ivory palaces, from which they have made you glad. Kings' daughters are in your honor; the queen stood at your right hand, clothed in garments of gold, in many colors. Hear, O daughter, and see, and incline your ear, and forget your people and your father's house; and the king shall desire your beauty, for he is your lord, and they shall worship him.
Ps 45:6 (44:7 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 45:7 (44:8 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 45:8 (44:9 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 45:9 (44:10 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 45:10 (44:11 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 45:11 (44:12 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Heb 1:8 (echo, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Ps 45:6–11: “Your throne, O God.”
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (damaged spot in the digital text; restored from Ps 45:7; digitization slip against Archambault's printed text (wrong breathing)): (??)γάπησας → Ἠγάπησας; ὲν ἱματισμῷ → ἐν ἱματισμῷ.
Topics: Scripture and canon, Christology
Cite (SBL): Justin, Dial. 38.4 (Archambault 1:170–172; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/justin-dialogue/32-1/#p-38-4).
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Archambault (1909); made independently of existing English translations.
38.5Archambault 1:172
Καὶ θυγάτηρ Τύρου ἐν δώροις· τὸ πρόσωπόν σου λιτανεύσουσιν οἱ πλούσιοι τοῦ λαοῦ. Πᾶσα ἡ δόξα τῆς θυγατρὸς τοῦ βασιλέως ἔσωθεν, ἐν κροσωτοῖς χρυσοῖς περιβεβλημένη, πεποικιλμένη. Ἀπενεχθήσονται τῷ βασιλεῖ παρθένοι ὀπίσω αὐτοῦ· αἱ πλησίον αὐτῆς ἀπενεχθήσονταί σοι. Ἀπενεχθήσονται ἐν εὐφροσύνῃ καὶ ἀγαλλιάσει, ἀχθήσονται εἰς ναὸν βασιλέως. Ἀντὶ τῶν πατέρων σου ἐγεννήθησαν οἱ υἱοί σου· καταστήσεις αὐτοὺς ἄρχοντας ἐπὶ πᾶσαν τὴν γῆν. Μνησθήσομαι τοῦ ὀνόματός σου ἐν πάσῃ γενεᾷ καὶ γενεᾷ· διὰ τοῦτο λαοὶ ἐξομολογήσονταί σοι εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα καὶ εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα τοῦ αἰῶνος.
Kai thygatēr Tyrou en dōrois; to prosōpon sou litaneusousin hoi plousioi tou laou. Pasa hē doxa tēs thygatros tou basileōs esōthen, en krosōtois chrysois peribeblēmenē, pepoikilmenē. Apenechthēsontai tǭ basilei parthenoi opisō autou; hai plēsion autēs apenechthēsontai soi. Apenechthēsontai en euphrosynę̄ kai agalliasei, achthēsontai eis naon basileōs. Anti tōn paterōn sou egennēthēsan hoi huioi sou; katastēseis autous archontas epi pasan tēn gēn. Mnēsthēsomai tou onomatos sou en pasę̄ geneą kai geneą; dia touto laoi exomologēsontai soi eis ton aiōna kai eis ton aiōna tou aiōnos.
“‘And the daughter of Tyre with gifts; the rich of the people shall entreat your face. All the glory of the king's daughter is within, clothed in golden fringes, in many colors. Virgins shall be brought to the king after her; her companions shall be brought to you. They shall be brought with gladness and rejoicing; they shall be led into the king's temple. Instead of your fathers sons are born to you; you shall make them rulers over all the earth. I will remember your name in every generation; therefore peoples shall praise you forever and to the age of ages.’”
Ps 45:12 (44:13 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 45:13 (44:14 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 45:14 (44:15 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 45:15 (44:16 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 45:16 (44:17 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 45:17 (44:18 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Ps 45:12–17.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (digitization slip against Archambault's printed text (wrong breathing)): Ἀπενεχθήσονται ὲν εὐφροσύνῃ → Ἀπενεχθήσονται ἐν εὐφροσύνῃ.
Topics: Scripture and canon
Cite (SBL): Justin, Dial. 38.5 (Archambault 1:172; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/justin-dialogue/32-1/#p-38-5).
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Archambault (1909); made independently of existing English translations.
Chapter 39
39.1Archambault 1:172–174
Καὶ οὐδὲν θαυμαστόν, ἐπεῖπον, εἰ καὶ ἡμᾶς μισεῖτε, τοὺς ταῦτα νοοῦντας καὶ ἐλέγχοντας ὑμῶν τὴν ἀεὶ σκληροκάρδιον γνώμην. Καὶ γὰρ Ἡλίας περὶ ὑμῶν πρὸς τὸν θεὸν ἐντυγχάνων οὕτως λέγει· Κύριε, τοὺς προφήτας σου ἀπέκτειναν καὶ τὰ θυσιαστήριά σου κατέσκαψαν· κἀγὼ ὑπελείφθην μόνος, καὶ ζητοῦσι τὴν ψυχήν μου. Καὶ ἀποκρίνεται αὐτῷ· Ἔτι εἰσί μοι ἑπτακισχίλιοι ἄνδρες, οἳ οὐκ ἔκαμψαν γόνυ τῇ Βάαλ.
Kai ouden thaumaston, epeipon, ei kai hēmas miseite, tous tauta noountas kai elenchontas hymōn tēn aei sklērokardion gnōmēn. Kai gar Hēlias peri hymōn pros ton theon entynchanōn houtōs legei; Kyrie, tous prophētas sou apekteinan kai ta thysiastēria sou kateskapsan; kagō hypeleiphthēn monos, kai zētousi tēn psychēn mou. Kai apokrinetai autǭ; Eti eisi moi heptakischilioi andres, hoi ouk ekampsan gony tę̄ Baal.
“And it is no wonder,” I added, “if you hate us too, who understand these things and expose your always hard-hearted mind. For Elijah too, pleading with God about you, says thus: ‘Lord, they have killed your prophets and torn down your altars; and I am left alone, and they seek my life.’ And he answers him: ‘I still have seven thousand men who have not bowed the knee to Baal.’
1 Kgs 19:10 (quotation, high confidence) · 1 Kgs 19:18 (quotation, high confidence) · Rom 11:3 (echo, high confidence) · Rom 11:4 (echo, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: As in Elijah's day, a faithful remnant remains.
Cite (SBL): Justin, Dial. 39.1 (Archambault 1:172–174; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/justin-dialogue/32-1/#p-39-1).
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Archambault (1909); made independently of existing English translations.
39.2Archambault 1:174
Ὃν οὖν τρόπον διὰ τοὺς ἑπτακισχιλίους ἐκείνους τὴν ὀργὴν οὐκ ἐπέφερε τότε ὁ θεός, τὸν αὐτὸν τρόπον καὶ νῦν οὐδέπω τὴν κρίσιν ἐπήνεγκεν ἢ ἐπάγει, γινώσκων ἔτι καθʼ ἡμέραν τινὰς μαθητευομένους εἰς τὸ ὄνομα τοῦ Χριστοῦ αὐτοῦ καὶ ἀπολείποντας τὴν ὁδὸν τῆς πλάνης, οἲ καὶ λαμβάνουσι δόματα ἕκαστος ὡς ἄξιοί εἰσι, φωτιζόμενοι διὰ τοῦ ὀνόματος τοῦ Χριστοῦ τούτου· ὁ μὲν γὰρ λαμβάνει συνέσεως πνεῦμα, ὁ δὲ βουλῆς, ὁ δὲ ἰσχύος, ὁ δὲ ἰάσεως, ὁ δὲ προγνώσεως, ὁ δὲ διδασκαλίας, ὁ δὲ φόβου θεοῦ.
Hon oun tropon dia tous heptakischilious ekeinous tēn orgēn ouk epephere tote ho theos, ton auton tropon kai nyn oudepō tēn krisin epēnenken ē epagei, ginōskōn eti kathʼ hēmeran tinas mathēteuomenous eis to onoma tou Christou autou kai apoleipontas tēn hodon tēs planēs, oi kai lambanousi domata hekastos hōs axioi eisi, phōtizomenoi dia tou onomatos tou Christou toutou; ho men gar lambanei syneseōs pneuma, ho de boulēs, ho de ischyos, ho de iaseōs, ho de prognōseōs, ho de didaskalias, ho de phobou theou.
“Just as God did not then bring his wrath because of those seven thousand, so now too he has not yet brought or is bringing judgment, knowing that every day some are becoming disciples in the name of his Christ and leaving the way of error; who also receive gifts, each as they are worthy, being illuminated through the name of this Christ. For one receives the spirit of understanding, another of counsel, another of strength, another of healing, another of foreknowledge, another of teaching, another of the fear of God.”
Isa 11:2 (allusion, high confidence) · 1 Cor 12:8 (allusion, high confidence) · 1 Cor 12:9 (allusion, medium confidence) · 1 Cor 12:10 (allusion, medium confidence) · 2 Pet 3:9 (echo, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: God delays judgment because people are still becoming disciples, receiving spiritual gifts.
- The gifts echo Isa 11:2 and 1 Cor 12:8–10; Justin testifies that such gifts were still found in the church of his day (compare ch. 82, 87–88).
Topics: Baptism
Cite (SBL): Justin, Dial. 39.2 (Archambault 1:174; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/justin-dialogue/32-1/#p-39-2).
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Archambault (1909); made independently of existing English translations.
39.3Archambault 1:174
Καὶ ὁ Τρύφων πρὸς ταῦτα εἶπέ μοι· Ὅτι παραφρονεῖς ταῦτα λέγων, ἐπίστασθαί σε βούλομαι.
Kai ho Tryphōn pros tauta eipe moi; Hoti paraphroneis tauta legōn, epistasthai se boulomai.
And Trypho said to me in reply, “I want you to know that you are out of your mind in saying these things.”
Notes and citation
Summary: Trypho says Justin is mad.
Cite (SBL): Justin, Dial. 39.3 (Archambault 1:174; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/justin-dialogue/32-1/#p-39-3).
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Archambault (1909); made independently of existing English translations.
39.4Archambault 1:174–176
Κἀγὼ πρὸς αὐτόν· Ἄκουσον, ὦ οὗτος, ἔλεγον, ὅτι οὐ μέμηνα οὐδὲ παραφρονῶ· ἀλλὰ μετὰ τὴν τοῦ Χριστοῦ εἰς τὸν οὐρανὸν ἀνέλευσιν προεφητεύθη αἰχμαλωτεῦσαι αὐτὸν ἡμᾶς ἀπὸ τῆς πλάνης καὶ δοῦναι ἡμῖν δόματα. Εἰσὶ δὲ οἱ λόγοι οὗτοι· Ἀνέβη εἰς ὕψος, ᾐχμαλώτευσεν αἰχμαλωσίαν, ἔδωκε δόματα τοῖς ἀνθρώποις.
Kagō pros auton; Akouson, ō houtos, elegon, hoti ou memēna oude paraphronō; alla meta tēn tou Christou eis ton ouranon aneleusin proephēteuthē aichmalōteusai auton hēmas apo tēs planēs kai dounai hēmin domata. Eisi de hoi logoi houtoi; Anebē eis hypsos, ę̄chmalōteusen aichmalōsian, edōke domata tois anthrōpois.
And I said to him, “Listen, my friend, I am not mad or out of my mind; but it was prophesied that after Christ's ascension into heaven he would take us captive from error and give us gifts. These are the words: ‘He went up on high, he led captivity captive, he gave gifts to men.’
Ps 68:18 (67:19 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Eph 4:8 (echo, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 68 foretells the gifts of the ascended Christ.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (digitization slip against Archambault's printed text (missing accent)): αἰχμαλωτεῦσαι αὐτον ἡμᾶς → αἰχμαλωτεῦσαι αὐτὸν ἡμᾶς.
Topics: Christology
Cite (SBL): Justin, Dial. 39.4 (Archambault 1:174–176; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/justin-dialogue/32-1/#p-39-4).
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Archambault (1909); made independently of existing English translations.
39.5Archambault 1:176
Οἱ λαβόντες οὖν ἡμεῖς δόματα παρὰ τοῦ εἰς ὕψος ἀναβάντος Χριστοῦ ὑμᾶς, τοὺς σοφοὺς ἐν ἑαυτοῖς καὶ ἐνώπιον ἑαυτῶν ἐπιστήμονας, ἀπὸ τῶν προφητικῶν λόγων ἀποδείκνυμεν ἀνοήτους καὶ χείλεσι μόνον τιμῶντας τὸν θεὸν καὶ τὸν Χριστὸν αὐτοῦ· ἡμεῖς δὲ καὶ ἐν ἔργοις καὶ γνώσει καὶ καρδίᾳ μέχρι θανάτου, οἱ ἐκ πάσης τῆς ἀληθείας μεμαθητευμένοι τιμῶμεν.
Hoi labontes oun hēmeis domata para tou eis hypsos anabantos Christou hymas, tous sophous en heautois kai enōpion heautōn epistēmonas, apo tōn prophētikōn logōn apodeiknymen anoētous kai cheilesi monon timōntas ton theon kai ton Christon autou; hēmeis de kai en ergois kai gnōsei kai kardią mechri thanatou, hoi ek pasēs tēs alētheias memathēteumenoi timōmen.
“We, then, who have received gifts from Christ who went up on high, prove from the prophetic words that you, who are wise in yourselves and learned in your own sight, are foolish and honor God and his Christ with your lips only; but we, who have been taught the whole truth, honor him in works and knowledge and heart, even to death.
Isa 5:21 (allusion, high confidence) · Isa 29:13 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Christians honor God in deed and heart, even to death.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (digitization slips against Archambault's printed text (wrong accent; garbled breathing)): Οἱ λαβόντες οὗν ῄμεῖς → Οἱ λαβόντες οὖν ἡμεῖς.
Topics: Martyrdom
Cite (SBL): Justin, Dial. 39.5 (Archambault 1:176; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/justin-dialogue/32-1/#p-39-5).
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Archambault (1909); made independently of existing English translations.
39.6Archambault 1:176
Ὑμεῖς δὲ ἴσως καὶ διὰ τοῦτο διστάζετε ὁμολογῆσαι ὅτι οὗτός ἐστιν ὁ Χριστός, ὡς αἱ γραφαὶ ἀποδεικνύουσι καὶ τὰ φαινόμενα καὶ τὰ γινόμενα ἐπὶ τῷ ὀνόματι αὐτοῦ, ἵνα μὴ διώκησθε ὑπὸ τῶν ἀρχόντων, οἳ οὐ παύσονται ἀπὸ τῆς τοῦ πονηροῦ καὶ πλάνου πνεύματος, τοῦ ὄφεως, ἐνεργείας θανατοῦντες καὶ διώκοντες τοὺς τὸ ὄνομα τοῦ Χριστοῦ ὁμολογοῦντας, ἕως πάλιν παρῇ καὶ καταλύσῃ πάντας καὶ τὸ κατʼ ἀξίαν ἑκάστῳ προσνείμῃ.
Hymeis de isōs kai dia touto distazete homologēsai hoti houtos estin ho Christos, hōs hai graphai apodeiknyousi kai ta phainomena kai ta ginomena epi tǭ onomati autou, hina mē diōkēsthe hypo tōn archontōn, hoi ou pausontai apo tēs tou ponērou kai planou pneumatos, tou opheōs, energeias thanatountes kai diōkontes tous to onoma tou Christou homologountas, heōs palin parę̄ kai katalysę̄ pantas kai to katʼ axian hekastǭ prosneimę̄.
“But perhaps you hesitate to confess that this is the Christ, as the Scriptures prove and the things that appear and are done in his name, for this reason too: that you may not be persecuted by the rulers, who, by the working of the wicked and deceitful spirit, the serpent, will not cease putting to death and persecuting those who confess the name of Christ, until he comes again and destroys them all and gives to each what he deserves.”
Rev 12:9 (echo, medium confidence) · Matt 16:27 (echo, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Fear of persecution may keep Jews from confessing Christ.
Topics: Persecution, Eschatology
Cite (SBL): Justin, Dial. 39.6 (Archambault 1:176; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/justin-dialogue/32-1/#p-39-6).
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Archambault (1909); made independently of existing English translations.
39.7Archambault 1:176–178
Καὶ ὁ Τρύφων· Ἤδη οὖν τὸν λόγον ἀπόδος ἡμῖν, ὅτι οὗτος, ὃν φῂς ἐσταυρῶσθαι καὶ ἀνεληλυθέναι εἰς τὸν οὐρανόν, ἐστὶν ὁ Χριστὸς τοῦ θεοῦ. Ὅτι γὰρ καὶ παθητὸς ὁ Χριστὸς διὰ τῶν γραφῶν κηρύσσεται, καὶ μετὰ δόξης πάλιν παραγίνεσθαι, καὶ αἰώνιον τὴν βασιλείαν πάντων τῶν ἐθνῶν λήψεσθαι, πάσης βασιλείας αὐτῷ ὑποτασσομένης, ἱκανῶς διὰ τῶν προανιστορημένων ὑπὸ σοῦ γραφῶν ἀποδέδεικται· ὅτι δὲ οὗτός ἐστιν, ἀπόδειξον ἡμῖν.
Kai ho Tryphōn; Ēdē oun ton logon apodos hēmin, hoti houtos, hon phę̄s estaurōsthai kai anelēlythenai eis ton ouranon, estin ho Christos tou theou. Hoti gar kai pathētos ho Christos dia tōn graphōn kēryssetai, kai meta doxēs palin paraginesthai, kai aiōnion tēn basileian pantōn tōn ethnōn lēpsesthai, pasēs basileias autǭ hypotassomenēs, hikanōs dia tōn proanistorēmenōn hypo sou graphōn apodedeiktai; hoti de houtos estin, apodeixon hēmin.
And Trypho said, “Now then give us the account that this man, whom you say was crucified and has gone up into heaven, is the Christ of God. For it has been sufficiently proved by the Scriptures you have recounted that the Christ is proclaimed in the Scriptures as one who would suffer, and come again with glory, and receive the eternal kingdom over all the nations, every kingdom being subjected to him; but prove to us that this is he.”
Notes and citation
Summary: Trypho accepts that the Messiah must suffer and return, and asks proof that Jesus is he.
Topics: Christology
Cite (SBL): Justin, Dial. 39.7 (Archambault 1:176–178; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/justin-dialogue/32-1/#p-39-7).
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Archambault (1909); made independently of existing English translations.
39.8Archambault 1:178
Κἀγώ· Ἀποδέδεικται μὲν ἤδη, ὦ ἄνδρες, τοῖς ὦτα ἔχουσι καὶ ἐκ τῶν ὁμολογουμένων ὑφʼ ὑμῶν· ἀλλʼ ὅπως μὴ νομίσητε ἀπορεῖν με καὶ μὴ δύνασθαι καὶ πρὸς ἃ ἀξιοῦτε ἀποδείξεις ποιεῖσθαι, ὡς ὑπεσχόμην, ἐν τῷ προσήκοντι τόπῳ ποιήσομαι, τανῦν δὲ ἐπὶ τὴν συνάφειαν ὧν ἐποιούμην λόγων ἀποτρέχω.
Kagō; Apodedeiktai men ēdē, ō andres, tois ōta echousi kai ek tōn homologoumenōn hyphʼ hymōn; allʼ hopōs mē nomisēte aporein me kai mē dynasthai kai pros ha axioute apodeixeis poieisthai, hōs hypeschomēn, en tǭ prosēkonti topǭ poiēsomai, tanyn de epi tēn synapheian hōn epoioumēn logōn apotrechō.
And I said, “It has already been proved, sirs, to those who have ears, even from what you have admitted; but so that you may not think I am at a loss and unable to make proofs of what you ask, I will do so, as I promised, in the proper place; but now I run back to the connection of the words I was speaking.
Matt 11:15 (echo, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Justin promises the proof later.
Cite (SBL): Justin, Dial. 39.8 (Archambault 1:178; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/justin-dialogue/32-1/#p-39-8).
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Archambault (1909); made independently of existing English translations.
Chapter 40
40.1Archambault 1:178
Τὸ μυστήριον οὖν τοῦ προβάτου, ὃ τὸ πάσχα θύειν ἐντέταλται ὁ θεὸς τύπος ἦν τοῦ Χριστοῦ, οὗ τῷ αἵματι κατὰ τὸν λόγον τῆς εἰς αὐτὸν πίστεως χρίονται τοὺς οἴκους ἑαυτῶν, τουτέστιν ἑαυτούς, οἱ πιστεύοντες εἰς αὐτόν· ὅτι γὰρ τὸ πλάσμα, ὃ ἔπλασεν ὁ θεὸς τὸν Ἀδάμ, οἶκος ἐγένετο τοῦ ἐμφυσήματος τοῦ παρὰ τοῦ θεοῦ, καὶ πάντες νοεῖν δύνασθε. Καὶ ὅτι πρόσκαιρος ἦν καὶ αὕτη ἡ ἐντολὴ, οὕτως ἀποδείκνυμι.
To mystērion oun tou probatou, ho to pascha thyein entetaltai ho theos typos ēn tou Christou, hou tǭ haimati kata ton logon tēs eis auton pisteōs chriontai tous oikous heautōn, toutestin heautous, hoi pisteuontes eis auton; hoti gar to plasma, ho eplasen ho theos ton Adam, oikos egeneto tou emphysēmatos tou para tou theou, kai pantes noein dynasthe. Kai hoti proskairos ēn kai hautē hē entolē, houtōs apodeiknymi.
“The mystery of the lamb, then, which God commanded to be sacrificed as the Passover, was a type of Christ, with whose blood those who believe in him anoint their houses, that is, themselves, according to their faith in him. For you all can understand that the formation which God formed, Adam, became the house of the breath that came from God. And I prove thus that this commandment too was temporary.
Exod 12:7 (allusion, high confidence) · Gen 2:7 (allusion, high confidence) · 1 Cor 5:7 (echo, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The Passover lamb was a type of Christ; his blood marks believers, who are God's house.
Topics: Christology
Cite (SBL): Justin, Dial. 40.1 (Archambault 1:178; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/justin-dialogue/32-1/#p-40-1).
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Archambault (1909); made independently of existing English translations.
40.2Archambault 1:178–180
Οὐδαμοῦ θύεσθαι τὸ πρόβατον τοῦ πάσχα ὁ θεὸς συγχωρεῖ, εἰ μὴ ἐπὶ τόπῳ ᾧ ἐπικέκληται τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ, εἰδὼς ὅτι ἐλεύσονται ἡμέραι μετὰ τὸ παθεῖν τὸν Χριστόν, ὅτε καὶ ὁ τόπος τῆς Ἱερουσαλὴμ τοῖς ἐχθροῖς ὑμῶν παραδοθήσεται καὶ παύσονται ἅπασαι ἁπλῶς προσφοραὶ γινόμεναι.
Oudamou thyesthai to probaton tou pascha ho theos synchōrei, ei mē epi topǭ hǭ epikeklētai to onoma autou, eidōs hoti eleusontai hēmerai meta to pathein ton Christon, hote kai ho topos tēs Hierousalēm tois echthrois hymōn paradothēsetai kai pausontai hapasai haplōs prosphorai ginomenai.
“God does not allow the Passover lamb to be sacrificed anywhere except in the place where his name is called on, knowing that days would come, after Christ's suffering, when the place of Jerusalem would be handed over to your enemies, and all offerings whatever would cease.
Deut 16:5 (allusion, high confidence) · Deut 16:6 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The Passover could be sacrificed only in Jerusalem, which God knew would fall.
Cite (SBL): Justin, Dial. 40.2 (Archambault 1:178–180; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/justin-dialogue/32-1/#p-40-2).
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Archambault (1909); made independently of existing English translations.
40.3Archambault 1:180
Καὶ τὸ κελευσθὲν πρόβατον ἐκεῖνο ὀπτὸν ὅλον γίνεσθαι τοῦ πάθους τοῦ σταυροῦ, διʼ οὗ πάσχειν ἔμελλεν ὁ Χριστός, σύμβολον ἦν. Τὸ γὰρ ὀπτώμενον πρόβατον σχηματιζόμενον ὁμοίως τῷ σχήματι τοῦ σταυροῦ ὀπτᾶται· εἷς γὰρ ὄρθιος ὀβελίσκος διαπερονᾶται ἀπὸ τῶν κατωτάτω μερῶν μέχρι τῆς κεφαλῆς, καὶ εἷς πάλιν κατὰ τὸ μετάφρενον, ᾧ προσαρτῶνται καὶ αἱ χεῖρες τοῦ προβάτου.
Kai to keleusthen probaton ekeino opton holon ginesthai tou pathous tou staurou, diʼ hou paschein emellen ho Christos, symbolon ēn. To gar optōmenon probaton schēmatizomenon homoiōs tǭ schēmati tou staurou optatai; heis gar orthios obeliskos diaperonatai apo tōn katōtatō merōn mechri tēs kephalēs, kai heis palin kata to metaphrenon, hǭ prosartōntai kai hai cheires tou probatou.
“And that lamb which was commanded to be roasted whole was a symbol of the suffering of the cross which Christ was to undergo. For the lamb, when it is roasted, is shaped like the figure of the cross; for one spit is thrust straight through from the lower parts up to the head, and one again across the back, to which the forelegs of the lamb are fastened.
Exod 12:9 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The roasted lamb on its spits took the shape of a cross.
- Justin describes the Passover lamb roasted on two crossed spits, a detail also found in the Mishnah (m. Pesaḥ. 7:1).
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (digitization slips against Archambault's printed text (dropped letters; wrong breathing)): ὀπτᾶι· εἶς γὰρ → ὀπτᾶται· εἷς γὰρ.
Topics: Christology
Cite (SBL): Justin, Dial. 40.3 (Archambault 1:180; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/justin-dialogue/32-1/#p-40-3).
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Archambault (1909); made independently of existing English translations.
40.4Archambault 1:180–182
Καὶ οἱ ἐν τῇ νηστείᾳ δὲ τράγοι δύο ὅμοιοι κελευσθέντες γίνεσθαι, ὧν ὁ εἷς ἀποπομπαῖος ἐγίνετο, ὁ δὲ ἕτερος εἰς προσφοράν, τῶν δύο παρουσιῶν τοῦ Χριστοῦ καταγγελία ἦσαν· μιᾶς μέν, ἐν ᾗ ὡς ἀποπομπαῖον αὐτὸν παρεπέμψαντο οἱ πρεσβύτεροι τοῦ λαοῦ ὑμῶν καὶ οἱ ἱερεῖς, ἐπιβαλόντες αὐτῷ τὰς χεῖρας καὶ θανατώσαντες αὐτόν, καὶ τῆς δευτέρας δὲ αὐτοῦ παρουσίας, ὅτι ἐν τῷ αὐτῷ τόπῳ τῶν Ἱεροσολύμων ἐπιγνώσεσθε αὐτόν, τὸν ἀτιμωθέντα ὑφʼ ὑμῶν, καὶ προσφορὰ ἦν ὑπὲρ πάντων τῶν μετανοεῖν βουλομένων ἁμαρτωλῶν καὶ νηστευόντων ἣν καταλέγει Ἡσαίας νηστείαν, διασπῶντες στραγγαλιὰς βιαίων συναλλαγμάτων καὶ τὰ ἄλλα ὁμοίως τὰ κατηριθμημένα ὑπʼ αὐτοῦ, ἃ καὶ αὐτὸς ἀνιστόρησα, φυλάσσοντες, ἃ ποιοῦσιν οἱ τῷ Ἰησοῦ πιστεύοντες.
Kai hoi en tę̄ nēsteią de tragoi dyo homoioi keleusthentes ginesthai, hōn ho heis apopompaios egineto, ho de heteros eis prosphoran, tōn dyo parousiōn tou Christou katangelia ēsan; mias men, en hę̄ hōs apopompaion auton parepempsanto hoi presbyteroi tou laou hymōn kai hoi hiereis, epibalontes autǭ tas cheiras kai thanatōsantes auton, kai tēs deuteras de autou parousias, hoti en tǭ autǭ topǭ tōn Hierosolymōn epignōsesthe auton, ton atimōthenta hyphʼ hymōn, kai prosphora ēn hyper pantōn tōn metanoein boulomenōn hamartōlōn kai nēsteuontōn hēn katalegei Hēsaias nēsteian, diaspōntes strangalias biaiōn synallagmatōn kai ta alla homoiōs ta katērithmēmena hypʼ autou, ha kai autos anistorēsa, phylassontes, ha poiousin hoi tǭ Iēsou pisteuontes.
“And the two like goats commanded at the fast, of which one was the scapegoat and the other for an offering, were an announcement of the two comings of Christ: of the first, in which the elders of your people and the priests sent him away like the scapegoat, laying hands on him and putting him to death; and of his second coming, because in the same place of Jerusalem you will recognize him whom you dishonored; and he was an offering for all sinners willing to repent and to keep the fast which Isaiah describes, loosing the knots of forced contracts, and keeping likewise the other things listed by him, which I too have recounted, and which those who believe in Jesus do.
Lev 16:5 (allusion, high confidence) · Lev 16:8 (allusion, high confidence) · Lev 16:10 (allusion, high confidence) · Isa 58:6 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The two goats of the Day of Atonement signify Christ's two comings.
- “The fast”: the Day of Atonement (Lev 16). The same interpretation of the two goats appears in Barn. 7.
Extrabiblical texts: Barn. 7.6–11 (Epistle of Barnabas; echo)
Topics: Christology, Fasting
Cite (SBL): Justin, Dial. 40.4 (Archambault 1:180–182; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/justin-dialogue/32-1/#p-40-4).
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Archambault (1909); made independently of existing English translations.
40.5Archambault 1:182
Καὶ ὅτι καὶ ἡ τῶν δύο τράγων τῶν νηστείᾳ κελευσθέντων προσφέρεσθαι προσφορὰ οὐδαμοῦ ὁμοίως συγκεχώρηται γίνεσθαι εἰ μὴ ἐν Ἱεροσολύμοις, ἐπίστασθε.
Kai hoti kai hē tōn dyo tragōn tōn nēsteią keleusthentōn prospheresthai prosphora oudamou homoiōs synkechōrētai ginesthai ei mē en Hierosolymois, epistasthe.
“And you know that the offering of the two goats commanded to be offered at the fast was likewise not permitted to take place anywhere except in Jerusalem.
Notes and citation
Summary: The Atonement offering too was limited to Jerusalem.
Cite (SBL): Justin, Dial. 40.5 (Archambault 1:182; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/justin-dialogue/32-1/#p-40-5).
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Archambault (1909); made independently of existing English translations.
Chapter 41
41.1Archambault 1:182–184
Καὶ ἡ τῆς σεμιδάλεως δὲ προσφορά, ὦ ἄνδρες, ἔλεγον, ἡ ὑπὲρ τῶν καθαριζομένων ἀπὸ τῆς λέπρας προσφέρεσθαι παραδοθεῖσα, τύπος ἦν τοῦ ἄρτου τῆς εὐχαριστίας, ὃν εἰς ἀνάμνησιν τοῦ πάθους, οὗ ἔπαθεν ὑπὲρ τῶν καθαιρομένων τὰς ψυχὰς ἀπὸ πάσης πονηρίας ἀνθρώπων, Ἰησοῦς Χριστὸς ὁ κύριος ἡμῶν παρέδωκε ποιεῖν, ἵνα ἅμα τε εὐχαριστῶμεν τῷ θεῷ ὑπέρ τε τοῦ τὸν κόσμον ἐκτικέναι σὺν πᾶσι τοῖς ἐν αὐτῷ διὰ τὸν ἄνθρωπον, καὶ ὑπὲρ τοῦ ἀπὸ τῆς κακίας, ἐν ᾗ γεγόναμεν, ἠλευθερωκέναι ἡμᾶς, καὶ τὰς ἀρχὰς καὶ τὰς ἐξουσίας καταλελυκέναι τελείαν κατάλυσιν διὰ τοῦ παθητοῦ γενομένου κατὰ τὴν βουλὴν αὐτοῦ.
Kai hē tēs semidaleōs de prosphora, ō andres, elegon, hē hyper tōn katharizomenōn apo tēs lepras prospheresthai paradotheisa, typos ēn tou artou tēs eucharistias, hon eis anamnēsin tou pathous, hou epathen hyper tōn kathairomenōn tas psychas apo pasēs ponērias anthrōpōn, Iēsous Christos ho kyrios hēmōn paredōke poiein, hina hama te eucharistōmen tǭ theǭ hyper te tou ton kosmon ektikenai syn pasi tois en autǭ dia ton anthrōpon, kai hyper tou apo tēs kakias, en hę̄ gegonamen, ēleutherōkenai hēmas, kai tas archas kai tas exousias katalelykenai teleian katalysin dia tou pathētou genomenou kata tēn boulēn autou.
“And the offering of fine flour, sirs,” I said, “which was handed down to be offered for those cleansed from leprosy, was a type of the bread of the Eucharist, which Jesus Christ our Lord handed down to be done in remembrance of the suffering he suffered for those who are cleansed in their souls from all wickedness of men, so that we may at the same time give thanks to God both for having created the world with all that is in it for man's sake, and for having set us free from the evil in which we were, and for having utterly overthrown the principalities and powers through him who became subject to suffering according to his will.
Lev 14:10 (allusion, high confidence) · Luke 22:19 (echo, high confidence) · 1 Cor 11:24 (echo, high confidence) · Col 2:15 (echo, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The flour offering for cleansed lepers prefigured the eucharistic bread, given in remembrance of Christ's passion.
- “Eucharist” (εὐχαριστία) here names the bread; Justin also stresses its meaning of “thanksgiving” for creation and redemption.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (digitization slip against Archambault's printed text (wrong diacritic)): ἐν ᾖ γεγόναμεν → ἐν ᾗ γεγόναμεν.
Topics: Eucharist
Cite (SBL): Justin, Dial. 41.1 (Archambault 1:182–184; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/justin-dialogue/32-1/#p-41-1).
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Archambault (1909); made independently of existing English translations.
41.2Archambault 1:184
Ὅθεν περὶ μὲν τῶν ὑφʼ ὑμῶν τότε προσφερομένων θυσιῶν λέγει ὁ θεός, ὡς προέφην, διὰ Μαλαχίου, ἑνὸς τῶν δώδεκα· Οὐκ ἔστι θέλημά μου ἐν ὑμῖν, λέγει κύριος, καὶ τὰς θυσίας ὑμῶν οὐ προσδέξομαι ἐκ τῶν χειρῶν ὑμῶν· διότι ἀπὸ ἀνατολῆς ἡλίου ἕως δυσμῶν τὸ ὄνομά μου δεδόξασται ἐν τοῖς ἔθνεσι, καὶ ἐν παντὶ τόπῳ θυμίαμα προσφέρεται τῷ ὀνόματί μου καὶ θυσία καθαρά, ὅτι μέγα τὸ ὄνομά μου ἐν τοῖς ἔθνεσι, λέγει κύριος, ὑμεῖς δὲ βεβηλοῦτε αὐτό.
Hothen peri men tōn hyphʼ hymōn tote prospheromenōn thysiōn legei ho theos, hōs proephēn, dia Malachiou, henos tōn dōdeka; Ouk esti thelēma mou en hymin, legei kyrios, kai tas thysias hymōn ou prosdexomai ek tōn cheirōn hymōn; dioti apo anatolēs hēliou heōs dysmōn to onoma mou dedoxastai en tois ethnesi, kai en panti topǭ thymiama prospheretai tǭ onomati mou kai thysia kathara, hoti mega to onoma mou en tois ethnesi, legei kyrios, hymeis de bebēloute auto.
“Hence, concerning the sacrifices offered by you at that time, God says, as I said before, through Malachi, one of the twelve: ‘I have no pleasure in you, says the Lord, and I will not accept your sacrifices from your hands; for from the rising of the sun to its setting my name has been glorified among the nations, and in every place incense is offered to my name, and a pure sacrifice; for my name is great among the nations, says the Lord, but you profane it.’
Mal 1:10 (quotation, high confidence) · Mal 1:11 (quotation, high confidence) · Mal 1:12 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Mal 1:10–12.
Topics: Scripture and canon, Eucharist
Cite (SBL): Justin, Dial. 41.2 (Archambault 1:184; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/justin-dialogue/32-1/#p-41-2).
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Archambault (1909); made independently of existing English translations.
41.3Archambault 1:184
Περὶ δὲ τῶν ἐν παντὶ τόπῳ ὑφʼ ἡμῶν τῶν ἐθνῶν προσφερομένων αὐτῷ θυσιῶν, τουτέστι τοῦ ἄρτου τῆς εὐχαριστίας καὶ τοῦ ποτηρίου ὁμοίως τῆς εὐχαριστίας, προλέγει τότε, εἰπὼν καὶ τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ δοξάζειν ἡμᾶς, ὑμᾶς δὲ βεβηλοῦν.
Peri de tōn en panti topǭ hyphʼ hēmōn tōn ethnōn prospheromenōn autǭ thysiōn, toutesti tou artou tēs eucharistias kai tou potēriou homoiōs tēs eucharistias, prolegei tote, eipōn kai to onoma autou doxazein hēmas, hymas de bebēloun.
“And concerning the sacrifices offered to him in every place by us of the nations, that is, the bread of the Eucharist and likewise the cup of the Eucharist, he foretells then, saying also that we glorify his name, but you profane it.
Mal 1:11 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Malachi's pure sacrifice in every place is the Eucharist of the Gentile church.
- An early identification of the Eucharist as the “pure sacrifice” of Mal 1:11 (compare Did. 14.3).
Topics: Eucharist
Cite (SBL): Justin, Dial. 41.3 (Archambault 1:184; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/justin-dialogue/32-1/#p-41-3).
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Archambault (1909); made independently of existing English translations.
41.4Archambault 1:184–186
Ἡ δὲ ἐντολὴ τῆς περιτομῆς, κελεύουσα τῇ ὀγδόῃ ἡμέρᾳ ἐκ παντὸς περιτέμνειν τὰ γεννώμενα, τύπος ἦν τῆς ἀληθινῆς περιτομῆς, ἣν περιετμήθημεν ἀπὸ τῆς πλάνης καὶ πονηρίας διὰ τοῦ ἀπὸ νεκρῶν ἀναστάντος τῇ μιᾷ τῶν σαββάτων ἡμέρᾳ Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ τοῦ κυρίου ἡμῶν· μία γὰρ τῶν σαββάτων, πρώτη μὲν οὖσα τῶν πασῶν ἡμερῶν, κατὰ τὸν ἀριθμὸν πάλιν τῶν πασῶν ἡμερῶν τῆς κυκλοφορίας ὀγδόη καλεῖται, καὶ πρώτη οὖσα μένει.
Hē de entolē tēs peritomēs, keleuousa tę̄ ogdoę̄ hēmerą ek pantos peritemnein ta gennōmena, typos ēn tēs alēthinēs peritomēs, hēn perietmēthēmen apo tēs planēs kai ponērias dia tou apo nekrōn anastantos tę̄ mią tōn sabbatōn hēmerą Iēsou Christou tou kyriou hēmōn; mia gar tōn sabbatōn, prōtē men ousa tōn pasōn hēmerōn, kata ton arithmon palin tōn pasōn hēmerōn tēs kyklophorias ogdoē kaleitai, kai prōtē ousa menei.
“And the commandment of circumcision, requiring those born to be circumcised on the eighth day without fail, was a type of the true circumcision, by which we were circumcised from error and wickedness through him who rose from the dead on the first day of the week, Jesus Christ our Lord. For the first day of the week, though it is the first of all the days, is called the eighth according to the number of all the days of the cycle, and yet remains the first.
Gen 17:12 (allusion, high confidence) · Col 2:11 (echo, medium confidence) · Mark 16:9 (echo, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Circumcision on the eighth day prefigured Christ's resurrection on Sunday, the “eighth day.”
Topics: Christology
Cite (SBL): Justin, Dial. 41.4 (Archambault 1:184–186; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/justin-dialogue/32-1/#p-41-4).
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Archambault (1909); made independently of existing English translations.