Against Celsus 2.74

Summary: Answering the claim that no god present among people is disbelieved, Origen points out that Israel disbelieved God's own manifest presence in the Exodus and made the golden calf, so their unbelief toward Jesus is in character.

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Greek text · Koetschau 1:195

Καὶ πᾶσί γε τούτοις ἐπιλέγει ὁ Κέλσου Ἰουδαῖος· ταῦτα μὲν οὖν ὑμῖν ἐκ τῶν ὑμετέρων συγγραμμάτων, ἐφʼ οἷς οὐδενὸς ἄλλου μάρτυρος χρῄζομεν· αὐτοὶ γὰρ ἑαυτοῖς περιπίπτετε, ἠλέγξαμεν δʼ ὅτι παρὰ τὰ ἡμέτερα τῶν εὐαγγελίων συγγράμματα πολλὰ πεφλυάρηται ἐν τοῖς τοῦ Ἰουδαίου εἴτε πρὸς τὸν Ἰησοῦν εἴτε πρὸς ἡμᾶς λόγοις. καὶ οὐχ ἡγοῦμαί γε ὅτι παρέστησε, πῶς ἡμεῖς ἑαυτοῖς περιπίπτομεν, ἀλλὰ μόνον οἴεται, ἐπεὶ δὲ προστίθησι τούτοις ὁ Ἰουδαῖος αὐτοῦ ὅτι ὅλως, ὦ ὕψιστε καὶ οὐράνιε, τίς θεὸς παρὼν εἰς ἀνθρώπους ἀπιστεῖται; λεκτέον πρὸς αὐτὸν ὅτι καὶ κατὰ τὸν Μωϋσέως νόμον θεὸς ἐναργέστατα παραγεγονέναι τοῖς Ἑβραίοις ἀναγεγραμμένος οὐ μόνον κατὰ τὰ ἐν Αἰγύπτῳ σημεῖα καὶ τέρατα ἔτι δὲ τὴν δίοδον τῆς ἐρυθρᾶς θαλάσσης καὶ τὸν στῦλον „τοῦ πυρὸς“ καὶ τὴν νεφέλην τοῦ φωτὸς, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἡνίκα ἡ δεκάλογος ὅλῳ τῷ λαῷ ἀπηγγέλλετο, ἠπιστήθη ὑπὸ τῶν εἰδότων· οὐκ ἂν γὰρ, πιστεύοντες τῷ ἑωραμένῳ καὶ ἀκουσθέντι, μόσχον κατεσκεύασαν οὐδʼ „ἠλλάξαντο ἂν τὴν δόξαν ἑαυτῶν ἐν ὁμοιώματι μόσχου ἐσθίοντος χόρτον“ οὐδʼ ἔλεγον ἂν πρὸς ἀλλήλους περὶ τοῦ μόσχου· „οὗτοί εἰσιν οἱ θεοί σου, Ἰσραὴλ, οἵτινες ἀνήγαγόν (σε) ἐκ γῆς Αἰγύπτου.“ καὶ ὅρα εἰ μὴ κατὰ τοὺς αὐτούς ἐστι τηλικούτοις τεραστίοις καὶ τοσαύταις ἐπιφανείαις θεοῦ καὶ πρότερον ἀπιστῆσαι διʼ ὅλης τῆς ἐρήμου, ὡς ἐν τῷ νόμῳ Ἰουδαίων γέγραπται, καὶ κατὰ τὴν Ἰησοῦ παράδοξον ἐπιδημίαν μὴ ἁλῶναι ὑπὸ τῶν μετʼ ἐξουσίας αὐτῷ εἰρημένων λόγων καὶ τῶν παραδόξως αὐτῷ ἐν ὄψει παντὸς τοῦ λαοῦ πεπραγμένων.

English · Claude translation

And to all this the Jew of Celsus adds: “These things, then, we have set before you from your own writings, for which we need no other witness; for you fall foul of yourselves.” But we have shown that the Jew's speeches, whether against Jesus or against us, contain much nonsense contrary to our writings, the Gospels. And I do not think he has shown how we fall foul of ourselves; he only thinks so. And since his Jew adds to this: “In short, O most high and heavenly one, what god, being present among human beings, is disbelieved?”, it must be said to him that, even according to the law of Moses, God, recorded as having come most clearly to the Hebrews, not only in the signs and wonders in Egypt, and further the passage through the Red Sea, the pillar “of fire,” and the cloud of light, but also when the Ten Commandments were proclaimed to the whole people, was disbelieved by those who knew. For if they had believed what they saw and heard, they would not have made a calf, nor would they have “exchanged their glory for the likeness of a calf that eats grass,” nor would they have said to one another about the calf: “These are your gods, O Israel, who brought you up out of the land of Egypt.” And see whether it is not characteristic of the same people both formerly to disbelieve, through the whole wilderness, such great wonders and such manifestations of God, as is written in the law of the Jews, and at the marvelous coming of Jesus not to be won over by the words he spoke with authority and the marvelous deeds he did in the sight of all the people.

About this passage

Source
Koetschau 1:195 · Paul Koetschau, ed., Origenes Werke 1–2: Gegen Celsus, GCS 2–3 (Leipzig: Hinrichs, 1899) · Greek text: P. Koetschau, Origenes Werke 1–2 (GCS 2–3, 1899), digitized by the Perseus Digital Library and published by the First Thousand Years of Greek project (Open Greek and Latin), CC BY-SA 4.0
Text
As printed in Koetschau, GCS 2–3. Manuscript variants and the editor's apparatus are not reproduced; no textual problem is noted in this passage.
Translation
Claude translation (claude-opus-5-5), 2026-09-27 · Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Koetschau, GCS 2–3; made independently of existing English translations.
Compare
Ante-Nicene Fathers, vol. 4 (1885) (an older public-domain English translation, whole volume at CCEL; checked against ours only after ours was made)
Scripture
Topics
Christology, Scripture and canon

Notes

Translation notes

  • The quotations are Ps 106:20 (105:20 LXX) and Exod 32:4; the allusions are Exod 13:21 and Exod 14 (Red Sea), Exod 20 (Decalogue). The editorial supplement (σε) is kept in the translation as “you.”

Cite this passage

Origen, Cels. 2.74 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/origen-celsum/2/74/).

Plain text
Origen, Cels. 2.74 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/origen-celsum/2/74/).

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