Against Celsus 2.75

Summary: Origen argues that the Jews' rejection of Jesus matches their ancestors' unbelief in the wilderness, fulfilling Jesus' words and the prophecy of Deuteronomy about “your life hanging before your eyes.”

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Greek text · Koetschau 1:195–196

Καὶ ἱκανά γε νομίζω ταῦτα εἶναι τῷ βουλομένῳ παραστῆσαι τὴν Ἰουδαίων πρὸς τὸν Ἰησοῦν ἀπιστίαν, ὅτι ἀκόλουθος ἦν αὕτη τοῖς ἐξ ἀρχῆς περὶ τοῦ λαοῦ ἀναγεγραμμένοις. εἴποιμι γὰρ ἂν πρὸς τὸν λέγοντα παρὰ τῷ Κέλσῳ Ἰουδαῖον· τίς θεὸς παρὼν εἰς ἀνθρώπους ἀπιστεῖται, καὶ ταῦτα οἷς ἐλπίζουσιν ἐπιφαίνεται; ἢ τί δή ποτε τοῖς πάλαι προσδεχομένοις οὐ γνωρίζεται; ὅτι βούλεσθε, ὦ οὗτοι, πρὸς τὰς πεύσεις ἡμῶν ἀποκρίνεσθαι; ποῖαι δυνάμεις μείζους ὅσον ἐπὶ ὑμετέρᾳ ὑπολήψει εἶναι ὑμῖν φαίνονται, αἱ ἐν Αἰγύπτῳ καὶ τῇ ἐρήμῳ, ἢ ἃ ἔφαμεν ἡμεῖς πεποιηκέναι τὸν Ἰησοῦν παρʼ ὑμῖν; εἰ μὲν γὰρ ἐκεῖναι μείζους τούτων καθʼ ὑμᾶς εἰσιν, πῶς οὐκ αὐτόθεν δείκνυται ὅτι κατὰ τὸ ἦθος τῶν τοῖς μείζοσιν ἀπιστησάντων ἐστὶ καὶ τὸ τῶν ἡττόνων καταφρονεῖν; τοῦτο γὰρ ὑπολαμβάνεται περὶ ὧν λέγομεν περὶ τοῦ Ἰησοῦ· εἰ δὲ ἴσαι λέγονται (αἱ) περὶ τοῦ Ἰησοῦ ταῖς ἀναγεγραμμέναις ὑπὸ Μωϋσέως, τί ξένον ἀπήντησε λαῷ κατʼ ἀμφοτέρας τὰς ἀρχὰς τῶν πραγμάτων ἀπιστοῦντι; ἀρχὴ μὲν γὰρ νομοθεσίας ἐπὶ Μωϋσέως ἦν, ἐν ᾗ τὰ ἁμαρτήματα τῶν ἀπίστων καὶ τῶν ἁμαρτανόντων ὑμῶν ἀναγέγραπται· ἀρχὴ δὲ νομοθεσίας καὶ διαθήκης δευτέρας κατὰ τὸν Ἰησοῦν ἡμῖν γεγονέναι ὁμολογεῖται. καὶ μαρτυρεῖτε διʼ ὧν τῷ Ἰησοῦ ἀπιστεῖτε ὅτι υἱοί ἐστε τῶν ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ ἀπιστησάντων ταῖς θείαις ἐπιφανείαις· καὶ τὸ ὑπὸ τοῦ σωτῆρος ἡμῶν εἰρημένον καὶ πρὸς ὑμᾶς λελέξεται ἀπιστήσαντας αὐτῷ, ὅτι „ἄρα μάρτυρές ἐστε καὶ συνευδοκεῖτε τοῖς ἔργοις τῶν πατέρων ὑμῶν“· καὶ πληροῦται ἐν ὑμῖν ἡ λέγουσα προφητεία· „ἔσται ἡ ζωὴ ὑμῶν κρεμαμένη ἐνώπιον τῶν ὀφθαλμῶν ὑμῶν, καὶ οὐ μὴ πιστεύσητε τῇ ζωῇ ὑμῶν“· οὐ γὰρ ἐπιστεύσατε τῇ ἐπιδεδημηκυίᾳ τῷ γένει τῶν ἀνθρώπων ζωῇ.

English · Claude translation

I think this is enough for anyone who wishes to show that the Jews' unbelief toward Jesus was consistent with what was recorded about the people from the beginning. For I would say to the Jew in Celsus who says, “What god, being present among human beings, is disbelieved, and that when he appears to those who hope for him? Or why is he not recognized by those who have long awaited him?”: “Sirs, how will you answer our questions? What miracles seem to you, by your own judgment, to be greater: those in Egypt and the wilderness, or those we say Jesus did among you? If by your reckoning the former are greater than the latter, how is it not shown at once that it belongs to the character of those who disbelieved the greater to despise the lesser too? For this is what is supposed about what we say concerning Jesus. But if those told of Jesus are said to be equal to those recorded by Moses, what strange thing has befallen a people who disbelieved at both beginnings of these events? For the beginning of lawgiving was in Moses' time, in which the sins of the unbelievers and sinners among you are recorded; and the beginning of lawgiving and of a second covenant is acknowledged to have come to us in the time of Jesus. And by your unbelief toward Jesus you bear witness that you are sons of those who in the wilderness disbelieved the divine manifestations; and what our Savior said will be said to you too, who disbelieved him: ‘So you are witnesses and approve of the deeds of your fathers’; and in you is fulfilled the prophecy that says: ‘Your life will hang before your eyes, and you will not believe in your life.’ For you did not believe in the Life that came to dwell among the human race.”

About this passage

Source
Koetschau 1:195–196 · Paul Koetschau, ed., Origenes Werke 1–2: Gegen Celsus, GCS 2–3 (Leipzig: Hinrichs, 1899) · Greek text: P. Koetschau, Origenes Werke 1–2 (GCS 2–3, 1899), digitized by the Perseus Digital Library and published by the First Thousand Years of Greek project (Open Greek and Latin), CC BY-SA 4.0
Text
As printed in Koetschau, GCS 2–3. Manuscript variants and the editor's apparatus are not reproduced; no textual problem is noted in this passage.
Translation
Claude translation (claude-opus-5-5), 2026-09-27 · Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Koetschau, GCS 2–3; made independently of existing English translations.
Compare
Ante-Nicene Fathers, vol. 4 (1885) (an older public-domain English translation, whole volume at CCEL; checked against ours only after ours was made)
Scripture
Topics
Christology, Scripture and canon

Notes

Translation notes

  • The quotations are Luke 11:48 and Deut 28:66, the latter read by early Christians as a prophecy of the crucifixion; “the Life” refers to Christ (John 14:6). This is Origen's polemical reading, translated as written. The bracketed αἱ is an editorial supplement.

Cite this passage

Origen, Cels. 2.75 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/origen-celsum/2/75/).

Plain text
Origen, Cels. 2.75 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/origen-celsum/2/75/).

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