Oration to the Greeks 34
Summary: The Greeks honor with statues tyrants, fratricides, adulterers, and prostitutes, while despising the Christian way of life.
Greek text · Otto 6:132–136
Πάνυ γοῦν σεμνὸς καὶ ὁ τύραννος Φάλαρις, ὅς, τοὺς ἐπιμαστιδίους θοινώμενος παῖδας, διὰ τῆς Πολυστράτου τοῦ Ἀμπρακιώτου κατασκευῆς μέχρι νῦν ὥς τις ἀνὴρ θαυμαστὸς δείκνυται· καὶ οἱ μὲν Ἀκραγαντῖνοι βλέπειν αὐτοῦ τὸ πρόσωπον τὸ προειρημένον διὰ τὴν ἀνθρωποφαγίαν ἐδεδίεσαν, οἷς δὲ μέλον ἐστὶ παιδείας αὐχοῦσιν ὅτι διʼ εἰκόνος αὐτὸν θεωροῦσι. Πῶς γὰρ οὐ χαλεπὸν ἀδελφοκτονίαν παρʼ ὑμῖν τετιμῆσθαι, οἱ Πολυνείκους καὶ Ἐτεοκλέους ὁρῶντες τὰ σχήματα, καὶ μὴ σὺν τῷ ποιήσαντι Πυθαγόρᾳ καταβοθρώσαντες; Ἐναπόλλυτε τῆς κακίας τὰ ὑπομνήματα. Τί μοι διὰ τὸν Περικλύμενον γύναιον, ὅπερ ἐκύησε τριάκοντα παῖδας, ὡς θαυμαστὸν ἡγεῖσθαι καὶ κατανοεῖν ποίημα; Πολλῆς γὰρ ἀκρασίας ἀπενεγκαμένῃ τὰ ἀκροθίνια βδελύττεσθαι καλὸν ἦν, τῇ κατὰ Ῥωμαίους συῒ παρεικαζομένῃ, ἥτις καὶ αὐτὴ διὰ τὸ ὅμοιον μυστικωτέρας, ὥς φασιν, ἠξίωται θεραπείας. Ἐμοίχευσε δὲ Ἄρης τὴν Ἀφροδίτην, καὶ τὴν ἀπʼ αὐτῶν Ἁρμονίαν Ἄνδρων ὑμῖν κατεσκεύασε. Λήρους καὶ φλυαρίας Σώφρων διὰ συνταγμάτων παραδοὺς ἐνδοξότερος χάριν τῆς χαλκευτικῆς, ἣ μέχρι νῦν ἔστι. Καὶ τὸν ψευδολόγον Αἴσωπον ἀείμνηστον οὐ μόνον τὰ μυθολογήματα ἀλλὰ καὶ ἡ κατὰ τὸν Ἀριστόδημον πλαστικὴ περισπούδαστον ἀπέδειξεν. Εἶτα πῶς οὐκ αἰδεῖσθε, τοσαύτας μὲν ἔχοντες ποιητρίας οὐκ ἐπί τι χρήσιμον, πόρνας δὲ ἀπείρους καὶ μοχθηροὺς ἄνδρας, τῶν παρʼ ἡμῖν γυναικῶν διαβάλλοντες τὴν σεμνότητα; Τί μοι σπουδαῖον μανθάνειν Εὐάνθην ἐν Περιπάτῳ τεκεῖν, καὶ πρὸς τὴν Καλλιστράτου κεχηνέναι τέχνην, καὶ πρὸς τῇ Καλλιάδου Νεαίρᾳ παρέχειν τοὺς ὀφθαλμούς; Ἑταίρα γὰρ ἦν. Λαῒς ἐπόρνευσε, καὶ ὁ Τοῦρνος αὐτὴν ὑπόμνημα τῆς πορνείας ἐποίησεν. Διὰ τί τὴν Ἡφαιστίωνος οὐκ αἰδεῖσθε πορνείαν, καὶ εἰ πάνυ Φίλων αὐτὸν ἐντέχνως ποιεῖ; Τίνος δὲ χάριν διὰ Λεωχάρους Γανυμήδη τὸν ἀνδρόγυνον, ὥς τι σπουδαῖον ἔχοντες κτῆμα, τετιμήκατε; Καὶ σπιλούμενόν τι γύναιον Πραξιτέλης ἐδημιούργησεν. Ἐχρῆν δὲ πᾶν τὸ τοιοῦτον παραιτησαμένους τὸ κατὰ ἀλήθειαν σπουδαῖον ζητεῖν, καὶ μηδὲ Φιλαινίδος μηδὲ Ἐλεφαντίδος τῶν ἀῤῥήτων ἐπινοιῶν ἀντιποιουμένους τὴν ἡμετέραν πολιτείαν βδελύττεσθαι.
English · Claude translation
Very venerable too is the tyrant Phalaris, who feasted on babies at the breast, yet is displayed to this day, through the work of Polystratus of Ambracia, as if he were an admirable man! The people of Acragas dreaded to look at that face of his because of his cannibalism, but those who care about culture boast that they can gaze on him in a statue. How is it not grievous that fratricide is honored among you, who look at the figures of Polynices and Eteocles and do not throw them into a pit along with their maker Pythagoras? Destroy these memorials of wickedness! Why should I think the statue by Periclymenus, of a woman who bore thirty children, a wonder and study it? She who carried off the prize for great incontinence ought to have been loathed, likened to the sow of the Romans, which itself, for the same reason, has been thought worthy, they say, of a rather mystic worship. Ares committed adultery with Aphrodite, and Andron made for you Harmonia, their daughter. Sophron, who handed down trifles and nonsense in his writings, is more famous because of his bronze statue, which exists to this day. And the lying Aesop was made ever-memorable not only by his fables but also by the sculpture of Aristodemus, which made him much sought after. How then are you not ashamed, when you have so many poetesses of no use, and countless prostitutes and wicked men, to slander the modesty of our women? What is the value to me of learning that Euanthe gave birth in the Peripatos, of gaping at the art of Callistratus, or of fixing my eyes on the Neaera of Calliades? She was a courtesan. Lais was a prostitute, and Turnus made her a memorial of her prostitution. Why are you not ashamed of Hephaestion's sexual immorality, even if Philo portrays him with great skill? And why have you honored the effeminate Ganymede, through Leochares, as if you had a precious possession? Praxiteles made a sculpture of a woman being defiled. You ought to reject everything of this kind and seek what is truly worthwhile, and not, while laying claim to the unspeakable inventions of Philaenis and Elephantis, loathe our way of life.
About this passage
Notes
Translation notes
- Phalaris, tyrant of Acragas, was notorious for cruelty.
- The “sow of the Romans” is the white sow of Lavinium, which bore thirty piglets.
- Philaenis and Elephantis were reputed authors of erotic manuals.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (accent: grave on ἣ before a following word; accent: ὥς before the enclitic τι): χαλκευτικῆς, ἥ μέχρι → χαλκευτικῆς, ἣ μέχρι; ὣς τι σπουδαῖον → ὥς τι σπουδαῖον.
Cite this passage
Tatian, Or. Graec. 34 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/tatian-oration/34/).
Plain text
Tatian, Or. Graec. 34 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/tatian-oration/34/).
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