To Autolycus 3.11
Summary: God sent the prophets to call Israel to repentance; Isaiah, Ezekiel, and Jeremiah show that God desires the sinner's return, not his death.
Greek text · Otto 8:216–218
Τὸν μὲν οὖν νόμον, τὸν ὑπὸ τοῦ θεοῦ δεδομένον αὐτοῖς, ἐν τῷ παραβῆναι τὸν λαὸν ἀγαθὸς ὢν καὶ οἰκτίρμων ὁ θεός, μὴ βουλόμενος διαφθεῖραι αὐτούς, πρὸς τῷ δεδωκέναι τὸν νόμον ὕστερον καὶ προφήτας ἐξέπεμψεν αὐτοῖς ἐκ τῶν ἀδελφῶν αὐτῶν, πρὸς τὸ διδάσκειν καὶ ἀναμιμνήσκειν τὰ τοῦ νόμου αὐτοὺς καὶ ἐπιστρέφειν εἰς μετάνοιαν τοῦ μηκέτι ἁμαρτάνειν· εἰ δὲ ἐπιμένοιεν ταῖς φαύλαις πράξεσιν, προανεφώνησαν ὑποχειρίους αὐτοὺς παραδοθῆναι πάσαις ταῖς βασιλείαις τῆς γῆς· καὶ ὅτι ταῦτα αὐτοῖς ἤδη ἀπέβη φανερὸν μέν ἐστιν. Περὶ μὲν οὖν τῆς μετανοίας Ἠσαΐας ὁ προφήτης κοινῶς μὲν πρὸς πάντας, διαῤῥήδην δὲ πρὸς τὸν λαὸν λέγει· Ζητήσατε τὸν κύριον, καὶ ἐν τῷ εὑρίσκειν αὐτὸν ἐπικαλέσασθε· ἡνίκα δʼ ἂν ἐγγίζῃ ὑμῖν, ἀπολιπέτω ὁ ἀσεβῆς τὰς ὁδοὺς αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἀνὴρ ἄνομος τὰς βουλὰς αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἐπιστραφήτω ἐπὶ κύριον τὸν θεὸν αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἐλεηθήσεται, ὅτι ἐπὶ πολὺ ἀφήσει τὰς ἁμαρτίας ὑμῶν. Καὶ ἕτερος προφήτης Ἐζεκιήλ φησιν· Ἐὰν ἀποστραφῇ ὁ ἄνομος ἀπὸ πασῶν τῶν ἀνομιῶν ὧν ἐποίησεν καὶ φυλάξῃ τὰς ἐντολάς μου καὶ ποιήσῃ τὰ δικαιώματά μου, ζωῇ ζήσεται καὶ οὐ μὴ ἀποθάνῃ· πᾶσαι αἱ ἀδικίαι αὐτοῦ ἃς ἐποίησεν οὐ μὴ μνησθῶσιν, ἀλλὰ τῇ δικαιοσύνῃ ᾗ ἐποίησεν ζήσεται, ὅτι οὐ βούλομαι τὸν θάνατον τοῦ ἀνόμου, λέγει κύριος, ὡς ἐπιστρέψαι ἀπὸ τῆς ὁδοῦ τῆς πονηρᾶς καὶ ζῆν αὐτόν. Πάλιν ὁ Ἠσαΐας· Ἐπιστράφητε οἱ τὴν βαθεῖαν βουλὴν βουλευόμενοι καὶ ἄνομον, ἵνα σωθήσεσθε. Καὶ ἕτερος Ἱερεμίας· Ἐπιστράφητε ἐπὶ κύριον τὸν θεὸν ὑμῶν, ὡς ὁ τρυγῶν ἐπὶ τὸν κάρταλλον αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἐλεηθήσεσθε. Πολλὰ μὲν οὖν μᾶλλον δὲ ἀναρίθμητά ἐστιν τὰ ἐν ταῖς ἁγίαις γραφαῖς εἰρημένα περὶ μετανοίας, ἀεὶ τοῦ θεοῦ βουλομένου ἐπιστρέφειν τὸ γένος τῶν ἀνθρώπων ἀπὸ πασῶν τῶν ἁμαρτιῶν.
English · Claude translation
When the people transgressed the law God had given them, God, being good and merciful and not wishing to destroy them, besides giving the law, later also sent them prophets from among their brothers, to teach them and remind them of the things of the law, and to turn them to repentance, so that they would sin no more. And they foretold that if the people persisted in their evil deeds, they would be handed over as subjects to all the kingdoms of the earth; and that this has already happened to them is plain. About repentance, the prophet Isaiah, speaking to all in general but expressly to the people, says: “Seek the Lord, and when you find him, call upon him; when he draws near to you, let the ungodly forsake his ways and the lawless man his plans, and let him return to the Lord his God, and he will find mercy, for he will abundantly forgive your sins.” And another prophet, Ezekiel, says: “If the lawless man turns away from all the lawless deeds he has done, and keeps my commandments and does my ordinances, he shall surely live and shall not die. None of the wrongs he has done shall be remembered, but by the righteousness he has done he shall live; for I do not desire the death of the lawless, says the Lord, but that he should turn from his evil way and live.” Again Isaiah: “Turn back, you who devise deep and lawless plans, so that you may be saved.” And another, Jeremiah: “Turn back to the Lord your God, like the grape-gatherer to his basket, and you will find mercy.” Many, indeed countless, are the sayings in the holy Scriptures about repentance, since God always wishes to turn the human race away from all its sins.
About this passage
Notes
Translation notes
- The quotations are Isa 55:6–7; Ezek 18:21–23; Isa 31:6; and Jer 6:9 (the grape-gatherer's basket), all close to the Septuagint.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (misspelling: κάρτελλον for κάρταλλον (“basket”), as in Jer 6:9 LXX): ἐπὶ τὸν κάρτελλον αὐτοῦ → ἐπὶ τὸν κάρταλλον αὐτοῦ.
Cite this passage
Theophilus, Autol. 3.11 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/theophilus-autolycus/3/11/).
Plain text
Theophilus, Autol. 3.11 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/theophilus-autolycus/3/11/).
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