1 Samuel 25 in the early church
[LXX: 1 Kingdoms; Vulgate: 1 Kings]
27 passages quote, allude to, or echo 1 Samuel 25, grouped by verse; passages on the same verse are in date order. Verse text from the Berean Standard Bible (public domain). References use the Protestant English Bible's numbering, with a writer's own numbering in brackets where it differs.
Verses: 1 · 2 · 3 · 13 · 21 · 22 · 28 · 32 · 33 · 34 · 37 · 38 · 39 · 41 · 44
1 Samuel 25:1
When Samuel died, all Israel gathered to mourn for him; and they buried him at his home in Ramah. Then David set out and went down to the Wilderness of Paran.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Sam 25:1 | Miscellanies 1.21.112 · Clement of Alexandria | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| 1 Sam 25:1 | Homilies 17.1 · Basil of Caesarea | allusion, high confidence | ca. 363-378 |
1 Samuel 25:2
Now there was a man in Maon whose business was in Carmel. He was a very wealthy man with a thousand goats and three thousand sheep, which he was shearing in Carmel.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Sam 25:2 | On the Witch of Endor 1 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 240 |
| 1 Sam 25:2 | Homilies on Ezekiel 13.1 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Jerome's translation in the 380s) |
| 1 Sam 25:2–35 | Sermon 308.2 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | ca. 391-430 |
1 Samuel 25:3
His name was Nabal, and his wife’s name was Abigail. She was an intelligent and beautiful woman, but her husband, a Calebite, was harsh and evil in his dealings.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Sam 25:3 | Homilies on the Psalms 44.1 · Basil of Caesarea | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 360-378 |
| 1 Sam 25:3 | Explanation of Twelve Psalms 37.29.1 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 387-397 |
1 Samuel 25:13
And David said to his men, “Strap on your swords!” So David and all his men strapped on their swords, and about four hundred men followed David, while two hundred stayed with the supplies.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Sam 25:13 | Explanation of Twelve Psalms 37.39.2 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 387-397 |
1 Samuel 25:21
Now David had just said, “In vain I have protected all that belonged to this man in the wilderness. Nothing that belongs to him has gone missing, yet he has paid me back evil for good.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Sam 25:21 | On Pascha 72 · text not on this site · Melito of Sardis | echo, low confidence | ca. 160-180 |
| 1 Sam 25:21 | Against Lying 22 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | ca. 420 |
1 Samuel 25:22
May God punish David, and ever so severely, if I let one male belonging to Nabal survive until morning.”
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Sam 25:22 | Against Lying 21 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | ca. 420 |
| 1 Sam 25:22 | The Conferences 17.25 · John Cassian | quotation, high confidence | ca. 426–429 |
1 Samuel 25:28
Please forgive your servant’s offense, for the LORD will surely make a lasting dynasty for my lord, because he fights the LORD’s battles. May no evil be found in you as long as you live.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Sam 25:28 | Commentary on John 1.261 · Origen | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 230–248 |
| 1 Sam 25:28 | Commentary on Matthew, Latin Series 35 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–249 (Latin translation, 4th–5th century) |
1 Samuel 25:32
Then David said to Abigail, “Blessed be the LORD, the God of Israel, who sent you to meet me this day!
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Sam 25:32 | On the Duties of the Clergy 1.21 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 386–390 |
1 Samuel 25:33
Blessed is your discernment, and blessed are you, because today you kept me from bloodshed and from avenging myself by my own hand.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Sam 25:33 | On the Duties of the Clergy 1.21 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 386–390 |
| 1 Sam 25:33 | Explanation of Twelve Psalms 37.39.2 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 387-397 |
1 Samuel 25:34
Otherwise, as surely as the LORD, the God of Israel, lives, who has restrained me from harming you, if you had not come quickly to meet me, then surely no male belonging to Nabal would have been left alive by morning light.”
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Sam 25:34 | Against Lying 21 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | ca. 420 |
| 1 Sam 25:34 | The Conferences 17.25 · John Cassian | quotation, high confidence | ca. 426–429 |
1 Samuel 25:37
In the morning when Nabal was sober, his wife told him about these events, and his heart failed within him, and he became like a stone.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Sam 25:37 | Homilies on Numbers 22.1 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| 1 Sam 25:37 | Explanation of Twelve Psalms 37.29.1 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 387-397 |
| 1 Sam 25:37 | Explanation of Twelve Psalms 37.39.2 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 387-397 |
1 Samuel 25:38
About ten days later, the LORD struck Nabal dead.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Sam 25:38 | Explanation of Twelve Psalms 37.39.2 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 387-397 |
1 Samuel 25:39
On hearing that Nabal was dead, David said, “Blessed be the LORD, who has upheld my cause against the reproach of Nabal and has restrained His servant from evil. For the LORD has brought the wickedness of Nabal down upon his own head.” Then David sent word to Abigail, asking her to become his wife.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Sam 25:39 | On the Governance of God 2.13 · Salvian of Marseilles | quotation, high confidence | ca. 439-451 |
1 Samuel 25:41
She arose, bowed facedown, and said, “Here is your servant, ready to serve and to wash the feet of my lord’s servants.”
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Sam 25:41 | Canons of Hippolytus, canon 30 · Anonymous | quotation, high confidence | 4th century |
1 Samuel 25:44
But Saul had given his daughter Michal, David’s wife, to Palti son of Laish, who was from Gallim.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Sam 25:44 | Commentary on 2 Samuel 3:12-16 · Ephrem the Syrian | allusion, high confidence | 4th century (if Ephrem's, before 373) |
| 1 Sam 25:44 | On Adulterous Marriages 2.5 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | ca. 419–421 |