The Well-Anchored Man 109.1–119.16
Greek text: Holl, GCS 25 (Greek text: Karl Holl, ed., Epiphanius, Band 1 (GCS 25, Leipzig: Hinrichs, 1915), digitized by the First Thousand Years of Greek project (Open Greek and Latin), CC BY-SA 4.0).English: Claude (claude-opus-5-5), public domain (CC0).
Chapter 109
109.1Holl GCS 25:133
109. Ὥσπερ οὖν τὰ περὶ τῆς τοῦ κυρίου ἡμῶν οἰκονομίας ἐδείξαμεν λεγόμενα μὲν ἀνθρωπίνως, οὐκ ἄμοιρα δὲ προγνώσεως ούδὲ γάρ τις τῶν εὐ φρονούντων εἴπῃ ἀγνοεῖν αὐτὸν ποῦ τεθείκασι Λάζαρον, ἐγγὺς ὄντα τοῦ τόπου, εἰ καὶ δι΄ ὅν εἴπομεν τρόπον ἠρώτα, πόρρω ⟨ἐπὶ⟩ Γαλιλαίας πρώην ὄντα καὶ δείξαντα άφ΄ ὲαυτοῦ ὅτι Λάζαρος), οὕτω καὶ περὶ τῆς παλαιᾶς διαθήκης ταῦτα εὐφρόνως ἀναλύομεν.
109. Hōsper oun ta peri tēs tou kyriou hēmōn oikonomias edeixamen legomena men anthrōpinōs, ouk amoira de prognōseōs oude gar tis tōn eu phronountōn eipę̄ agnoein auton pou tetheikasi Lazaron, engys onta tou topou, ei kai di΄ hon eipomen tropon ērōta, porrō ⟨epi⟩ Galilaias prōēn onta kai deixanta aph΄ eautou hoti Lazaros), houtō kai peri tēs palaias diathēkēs tauta euphronōs analyomen.
So just as we have shown that the things said about our Lord's dispensation were said in human fashion yet not without foreknowledge (for no right-minded person would say that he did not know where they had laid Lazarus, being near the place, even if he asked for the reason we said, having shown of himself earlier, far away ⟨in⟩ Galilee, that Lazarus ⟨had died⟩), so also we sensibly explain these things about the Old Testament.
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
John 11:14 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Both Testaments' questions are explained the same way.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR: dropped letter): ἀνθρωπίως → ἀνθρωπίνως.
Topics: Christology, Scripture and canon
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 109.1 (Holl GCS 25:133; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-109-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
109.2Holl GCS 25:133
τὸ εἰπεῖν τὸν θεόν »'Αδὰμ ποῦ εἶ;« οὐκ ἀγνοοῦντος ἦν, ἀλλὰ δεικνύοντος ἀπὸ οἴου ὕψους πρὸς ποῖον βάθος αἴσχους ό Αδὰμ ἐκπεπτώκει.
to eipein ton theon »'Adam pou ei?« ouk agnoountos ēn, alla deiknyontos apo oiou hypsous pros poion bathos aischous o Adam ekpeptōkei.
God's saying, “Adam, where are you?” was not of one ignorant, but of one showing from what height to what depth of shame Adam had fallen.
Gen 3:9 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: “Where are you?” showed Adam's fall.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 109.2 (Holl GCS 25:133; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-109-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
109.3Holl GCS 25:133
καί »ποῦ Ἄβελ ό ἀδελφός σου;‘ ὅτι ὅν σε ἔδει φέρειν ἀεὶ ἐν ἀγκάλαις καὶ ἀεὶ συνεῖναι αὐτῷ, οὖτος ἐπὶ γῆν παρὰ σοῦ ἔρριπται.
kai »pou Abel o adelphos sou?‘ hoti hon se edei pherein aei en ankalais kai aei syneinai autǭ, outos epi gēn para sou erriptai.
And “Where is Abel your brother?”: that is, the one you ought always to carry in your arms and always be with has been cast on the ground by you.
Gen 4:9 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: “Where is Abel?” reproved Cain.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR: dropped letter): ἐπὶ γῆν παρὰ σοῦ ἔριπται → ἐπὶ γῆν παρὰ σοῦ ἔρριπται.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 109.3 (Holl GCS 25:133; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-109-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
109.4Holl GCS 25:133
δείκνυσι γὰρ ἐκ τοῦ ἐπαγομένου ὅτι οὐκ ἀγνοίας χάριν ἠρώτα, ἀλλὰ διελέγχων ἐν τῷ εἰπεῖν ὅτι »ἐπικατάρατος ἡ γῆ έν τοῖς ἔργοις σου καὶ ἐπικατάρατος σὺ ἀπὸ τῆς γῆς, ἥτις ἔχανε τὸ στόμα αὐτῆς δέξασθαι τὸ αἶμα τοῦ ἀδελφοῦ σου ἐκ τῆς χειρός σου«·
deiknysi gar ek tou epagomenou hoti ouk agnoias charin ērōta, alla dielenchōn en tǭ eipein hoti »epikataratos hē gē en tois ergois sou kai epikataratos sy apo tēs gēs, hētis echane to stoma autēs dexasthai to aima tou adelphou sou ek tēs cheiros sou«;
For he shows from what follows that he asked not for ignorance, but reproving, in saying, “Cursed is the ground in your works, and cursed are you from the ground, which opened its mouth to receive your brother's blood from your hand”;
Gen 3:17 (allusion, medium confidence) · Gen 4:11 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: God's words to Cain show he knew.
- The quotation combines Gen 3:17 and 4:11.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 109.4 (Holl GCS 25:133; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-109-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
109.5Holl GCS 25:133
»ἰδού, γάρ φησιν, ὴ φωνὴ αὐτοῦ βοᾷ πρός με«. καί Μοῦ Σάρρα ἡ γυνή σου;« οὐκ ἀγνοῶν εἶπεν. ἐπεὶ πῶς ἠγνόει ὸ γελῶσαν ἔνδον τῆς οἰκίας εἰδὼς αὐτήν; οὐκ ἀγνοῶν τοίνυν ἠρώτα, ἀλλʼ ἵνα παρα- στήσῃ ταῖς θυγατράσιν αὐτῆς ταῖς »ἐπαγγελλομέναις θεοσέβειαν« μαθεῖν τὴν ἐκείνης ἀγωγήν, ὅταν ἁγίοις ἐκ τῶν ἰδίων καμάτων ὑπηρετεῖν πειρῶνται.
»idou, gar phēsin, ē phōnē autou boą pros me«. kai Mou Sarra hē gynē sou?« ouk agnoōn eipen. epei pōs ēgnoei o gelōsan endon tēs oikias eidōs autēn? ouk agnoōn toinyn ērōta, allʼ hina para- stēsę̄ tais thygatrasin autēs tais »epangellomenais theosebeian« mathein tēn ekeinēs agōgēn, hotan hagiois ek tōn idiōn kamatōn hypēretein peirōntai.
“for behold,” he says, “his voice cries out to me.” And “Where is Sarah your wife?” he did not say in ignorance. For how would he not know, who knew she was laughing inside the house? So he asked not in ignorance, but to set before her daughters, “who profess godliness,” to learn her way of life, when they try to serve the saints from their own labors.
Gen 4:10 (quotation, high confidence) · Gen 18:9 (quotation, high confidence) · Gen 18:12 (allusion, high confidence) · 1 Tim 2:10 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: “Where is Sarah?” set her modesty as an example.
- Μοῦ is a digital slip for ποῦ.
Topics: Ethics
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 109.5 (Holl GCS 25:133; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-109-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
109.6Holl GCS 25:133
ἐκείνη γὰρ ἐν τοσαύτῃ ὑπηρεσίᾳ ὑπάρχουσα, αὐτὴ τοὺς ἀζύμους καὶ τοὺς ἐγκρυφίους ἐργαζομένη καὶ τὴν τοσαύτην ὑπηρεσίαν ἐξαρτύσασα ἅμα τοῖς αὐτῆς οἰκέταις, πρόσωπον τῶν ὑπηρετου- μένων οὐχ ὲωρα, σωφροσύνης ἐπιεικοῦς ὑπογραμμὸν ταῖς ημετέραις γενεαῖς ὑπολιμπάνουσα. καὶ ταῦτα μὲν ἀρκέσει εἰς παράστασιν ταῖς τῶν ματαίων ἀντιλογίαις.
ekeinē gar en tosautę̄ hypēresią hyparchousa, autē tous azymous kai tous enkryphious ergazomenē kai tēn tosautēn hypēresian exartysasa hama tois autēs oiketais, prosōpon tōn hypēretou- menōn ouch eōra, sōphrosynēs epieikous hypogrammon tais ēmeterais geneais hypolimpanousa. kai tauta men arkesei eis parastasin tais tōn mataiōn antilogiais.
For she, being in such great service, herself making the unleavened loaves and the cakes baked in ashes and preparing such great service together with her servants, did not look on the face of those served, leaving a pattern of fitting modesty for our generations. And these things will suffice to answer the objections of the vain.
Gen 18:6 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Sarah's modesty is a pattern.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (repeated word): ἅμα τοῖς αὐτῆς αὐτῆς οἰκέταις → ἅμα τοῖς αὐτῆς οἰκέταις.
Topics: Ethics
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 109.6 (Holl GCS 25:133; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-109-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Chapter 110
110.1Holl GCS 25:133–134
110. Ἄν τε εἴπωσιν ὅτι καλὸς ὁ θεὸς τοῦ νόμου, ό τοὺς μὲν Αἰγυπτίους πλεονεκτήσας καὶ σκυλεῦσαι διδάξας τοὺς ἰδίους αὐτοῦ ἀνθρώπους ἐν τῷ ἐξέρχεσθαι αὐτοὺς ἐκ γῆς Αἰγύπτου, οὐκ οἴδασιν οί μάταιοι ὅτι παρὰ θεῷ οὐδὲν ἀπόλλυται καὶ ὅτι δικαιοκρισία ἐστὶ καὶ θεὸς οὐ μυκτηρίζεται«.
110. An te eipōsin hoti kalos ho theos tou nomou, o tous men Aigyptious pleonektēsas kai skyleusai didaxas tous idious autou anthrōpous en tǭ exerchesthai autous ek gēs Aigyptou, ouk oidasin oi mataioi hoti para theǭ ouden apollytai kai hoti dikaiokrisia esti kai theos ou myktērizetai«.
And if they say, “A fine God is the God of the law, who defrauded the Egyptians and taught his own people to plunder them when they went out of the land of Egypt,” the vain do not know that with God nothing is lost, and that there is just judgment, and “God is not mocked.”
Exod 12:35 (allusion, high confidence) · Exod 12:36 (allusion, high confidence) · Gal 6:7 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The plundering of Egypt was just.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR: λ for π): ὅτι λαρὰ θεῷ → ὅτι παρὰ θεῷ.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 110.1 (Holl GCS 25:133–134; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-110-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
110.2Holl GCS 25:134
τί γὰρ ἐνόμιζον Αἰγύπτιοι ὅτι ἐζήτουν ταῦτα ἀμισθὶ ἐργάζεσθαι τοὺς Ἰουδαίους καὶ οὐ τὰ τυχόντα ἴτη, ἀλλὰ διακόσια δεκαπέντε σὺν † τοῖς διακοσίοις δεκαπέντε ἔτεσι τοῦ Ἱωσήφ;
ti gar enomizon Aigyptioi hoti ezētoun tauta amisthi ergazesthai tous Ioudaious kai ou ta tychonta itē, alla diakosia dekapente syn † tois diakosiois dekapente etesi tou Hiōsēph?
For what did the Egyptians think, that they sought to make the Jews work for these things without wages, and not for a few years, but two hundred fifteen, with † the two hundred fifteen years of Joseph?
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Notes and citation
Summary: Israel worked unpaid for many years.
- The dagger marks a corrupt phrase.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR: δ for σ): τοῖς διακοδίοις → τοῖς διακοσίοις.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 110.2 (Holl GCS 25:134; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-110-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
110.3Holl GCS 25:134
τετρακοσίων γὰρ καὶ τριάκοντα ἐτῶν παροικίας ὸρισθείσης τῷ Ἀβραὰμ καὶ τῷ αὐτοῦ σπέρματι, ὡς λέγει πάροικον ἔσται τὸ σπέρμα σου ἐν γῇ ἀλλοτρίᾳ«, ⟨τότε⟩ τὸ ὀρισθὲν ἐτελειοῦτο.
tetrakosiōn gar kai triakonta etōn paroikias oristheisēs tǭ Abraam kai tǭ autou spermati, hōs legei paroikon estai to sperma sou en gę̄ allotrią«, ⟨tote⟩ to oristhen eteleiouto.
For four hundred and thirty years of sojourning having been appointed for Abraham and his seed, as it says, “Your seed will be a sojourner in a foreign land,” ⟨then⟩ what was appointed was completed.
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Gen 15:13 (quotation, high confidence) · Exod 12:40 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The 430 years of sojourning were fulfilled.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR): ὸρισθείσς τῷ Αβαὰμ → ὸρισθείσης τῷ Ἀβραὰμ.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 110.3 (Holl GCS 25:134; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-110-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
110.4Holl GCS 25:134
τῇ οὖν ἑαυτοῦ εύσπλαγχνίᾳ ὁ θεὸς τὰ ἴτη τῆς αὐτοῦ παροικίας διεμέρισε. καὶ εύθὺς μὲν ⟨διὰ⟩ σݲ δεκατπέντε ἐτῶν ἔτι ὄντων ἐν τῇ αὐτῶν καὶ τὰ ἄλλα σݲ πεντεκαίδεκα διεῖλε τοῖς εἰς Αἴγυπτον θοῦσιν.
tę̄ oun heautou eusplanchnią ho theos ta itē tēs autou paroikias diemerise. kai euthys men ⟨dia⟩ sݲ dekatpente etōn eti ontōn en tę̄ autōn kai ta alla sݲ pentekaideka dieile tois eis Aigypton thousin.
So God in his compassion divided the years of their sojourning. And at once he assigned two hundred fifteen years while they were still in their ⟨land⟩, and the other two hundred fifteen to those who went down into Egypt.
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Notes and citation
Summary: The 430 years are split into 215 in Canaan and 215 in Egypt.
- Some numerals are damaged in the digital text; the figures follow the sums given in 110.10.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 110.4 (Holl GCS 25:134; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-110-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
110.5Holl GCS 25:134–135
ὁ γὰρ ἀριθμὸς τούτων τῶν ἐτῶν οὕτως ἀναλογεῖται· | ην τότε ἑβδομηκοστὸν πέμπτον ἔτος τοῦ Αβραάμ. γίνονται τοίνυν ἀπὸ ἑβδομηκοστοῦ πέμπτου ἔτους Αβραὰμ ἕως γεννήσεως Ισαὰκ ἔτη· Ισαὰκ γεννᾷ τὸν Ἰακὼβ κατάγων ἔτος ἑξηκοστὸν καὶ γέγονεν ἴτη· Ιακὼβ δὲ γενόμενος ἐτῶν ݲ γεννᾷ τὸν Λευὶ καὶ γίνονται ἔτη ρݲοݲδݲ· Λευὶ ἐτῶν γενόμενος μݲ τεσσάρων γεννᾷ τὸν Κααθ· ἐν δὲ τῷ ρακοστῷ ἔτει καὶ ἑβδόμῳ Λευὶ κάτεισιν Ιακὼβ εἰς Αἴγυπτον καὶ γίνονται ἴτη διακόσια ἔνδεκα. καὶ μετὰ τὴν εἴσοδον αὐτῶν τὴν εἰς Αἴγυπτον ἕτερα τέσσαρα ἔτη καὶ πληροῦνται τὰ διακόσια δεκαπέντε.
ho gar arithmos toutōn tōn etōn houtōs analogeitai; | ēn tote hebdomēkoston pempton etos tou Abraam. ginontai toinyn apo hebdomēkostou pemptou etous Abraam heōs gennēseōs Isaak etē; Isaak genną ton Iakōb katagōn etos hexēkoston kai gegonen itē; Iakōb de genomenos etōn ݲ genną ton Leui kai ginontai etē rݲoݲdݲ; Leui etōn genomenos mݲ tessarōn genną ton Kaath; en de tǭ rakostǭ etei kai hebdomǭ Leui kateisin Iakōb eis Aigypton kai ginontai itē diakosia endeka. kai meta tēn eisodon autōn tēn eis Aigypton hetera tessara etē kai plērountai ta diakosia dekapente.
For the number of these years is reckoned thus. It was then the seventy-fifth year of Abraham. From Abraham's seventy-fifth year to the birth of Isaac there are 25 years; Isaac begets Jacob in his sixtieth year, and it comes to 85 years; Jacob at 89 years begets Levi, and it comes to 174 years; Levi at forty-odd years begets Kohath; and in Levi's thirty-seventh year Jacob goes down into Egypt, and it comes to two hundred eleven years. And after their entry into Egypt, another four years, and the two hundred fifteen are completed.
Gen 12:4 (allusion, high confidence) · Gen 25:26 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Epiphanius's chronology from Abraham to the descent into Egypt.
- Several numerals are lost in the digital text; the missing figures are supplied from Epiphanius's own totals. The chronology is his own.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 110.5 (Holl GCS 25:134–135; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-110-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
110.6Holl GCS 25:135
ἐντεῦθέν μοι πόλιν ἀριθμεῖται τὰλοιπὰ διακόσια πεντεκαίδεκα ἔτη τῆς τῶν Ἰσραηλιτῶν παροικίας. Καὰθ δὲ μετὰ τὴν εἰς Αἴγυπτον κάθοδον ἐν τῷ ἐξηκοστῷ πέμπτῳ ἔτει αὐτοῦ γεννᾷ τὸν πατέρα Μωυσέως Ἀβραάμ· γίνονται τοίνυν ἀπὸ τοῦ πρώτου Ἀβραάμ, τοῦ ἑβδομηκοστοῦ αὐτοῦ πέμπτου ἔτους ἕως τῆς γεννήσεως τοῦ ἐσχάτου Αβραὰμ ἔτη ݲ, ἀπὸ δὲ τῆς εἰς Αἴγυπτον καταγωγῆς ἔτη ξε.
enteuthen moi polin arithmeitai taloipa diakosia pentekaideka etē tēs tōn Israēlitōn paroikias. Kaath de meta tēn eis Aigypton kathodon en tǭ exēkostǭ pemptǭ etei autou genną ton patera Mōyseōs Abraam; ginontai toinyn apo tou prōtou Abraam, tou hebdomēkostou autou pemptou etous heōs tēs gennēseōs tou eschatou Abraam etē ݲ, apo de tēs eis Aigypton katagōgēs etē xe.
From here the remaining two hundred fifteen years of the Israelites' sojourning are counted again. Kohath, after the descent into Egypt, in his sixty-fifth year begets Amram, the father of Moses; so from the first Abraham's seventy-fifth year to the birth of the last Amram there are 280 years, and from the descent into Egypt sixty-five years.
Exod 6:20 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: From the descent to the birth of Moses' father.
- The digital text reads “Abraham” for Moses' father, evidently for Ambram, the Septuagint form of Amram; Epiphanius contrasts “the first Abraham” with “the last Ambram.” The lost numeral (280) is supplied from his totals.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR: dropped letter; stray mark): ἀπ, ὸ τοῦ πρώτου → ἀπὸ τοῦ πρώτου; ἑβομηκοστοῦ → ἑβδομηκοστοῦ.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 110.6 (Holl GCS 25:135; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-110-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
110.7Holl GCS 25:135
Αβραὰμ δὲ ἐτῶν ἑβδομήκοντα ὣν γεννᾷ τὸν Μωυσέα, καὶ γίνονται ἀπὸ μὲν τοῦ πρώτου Αβραὰ ἔτη τݲνݲ, ἀπὸ δὲ τῆς εἰς Αἴγυπτον ἔτη ρλε.
Abraam de etōn hebdomēkonta hōn genną ton Mōysea, kai ginontai apo men tou prōtou Abraa etē tݲnݲ, apo de tēs eis Aigypton etē rle.
And Amram at seventy years begets Moses, and it comes to three hundred fifty years from the first Abraham, and one hundred thirty-five from the descent into Egypt.
Notes and citation
Summary: Moses is born.
- The digital text again reads “Abraham” for Amram.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 110.7 (Holl GCS 25:135; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-110-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
110.8Holl GCS 25:135
ό δὲ Μωυσῆς έν τῷ λ αὐτοῦ ἔτει πατεῖ τὴν ἐρυθρὰν θάλασσαν, ἅμα Ισραηλίταις ἐξ Αἰγύπτου ἐξιών. καὶ γίνονται ἀπὸ μὲν τοῦ μεγάλου Αβραὰμ ἔτη τݲπݲ, ἀπὸ δὲ τῆς εἰς Αἴγυπτον καθόδου ρξε.
o de Mōysēs en tǭ l autou etei patei tēn erythran thalassan, hama Israēlitais ex Aigyptou exiōn. kai ginontai apo men tou megalou Abraam etē tݲpݲ, apo de tēs eis Aigypton kathodou rxe.
And Moses in his thirtieth year crosses the Red Sea, going out of Egypt with the Israelites. And it comes to three hundred eighty years from the great Abraham, and one hundred sixty-five from the descent into Egypt.
Notes and citation
Summary: The crossing of the Red Sea.
- Epiphanius's figures are his own (Exod 7:7 gives Moses' age as eighty); they are internally consistent with his totals.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 110.8 (Holl GCS 25:135; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-110-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
110.9Holl GCS 25:135
τὰ δὲ λοιπὰ πεντήκοντα ἔτη κατηνάλωσαν μετὰ τὴν διαπεραίωσιν τῆς ἐρυθρᾶς θαλάσσης μέχρι τῆς εἰς Παλαιστίνην άπαντήσεως, οὐ διὰ τὸ μῆκος τῆς ὸδοῦ, ἀλλὰ διὰ τὸ μάχεσθαι καὶ ἐμποδίζεσθαι παρὰ τῶν καθʼ ὁδὸν αὐτῶν εὑρισκομένων ἐθνῶν.
ta de loipa pentēkonta etē katēnalōsan meta tēn diaperaiōsin tēs erythras thalassēs mechri tēs eis Palaistinēn apantēseōs, ou dia to mēkos tēs odou, alla dia to machesthai kai empodizesthai para tōn kathʼ hodon autōn heuriskomenōn ethnōn.
And they spent the remaining fifty years after the crossing of the Red Sea until the arrival in Palestine, not because of the length of the road, but because they fought and were hindered by the nations found along their way.
Notes and citation
Summary: Fifty years in the wilderness.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (missing accent): ἐμποδιζεσθαι → ἐμποδίζεσθαι.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 110.9 (Holl GCS 25:135; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-110-9). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
110.10Holl GCS 25:135
γίνονται οὐν ἀπὸ μὲν τοῦ ἑβδομηκοστοῦ πέμπτου ἔτους τοῦ μεγάλου Αβραάμ, άφ΄ οὑ ἡ πρόρρησις αὕτη ἐδόθη αύτῷ παρὰ τοῦ θεοῦ, μέχρι Μωυσέως καὶ τῆς εἰς τὴν Παλαιστίνην ἀφίξεως τῶν υἱῶν Ἰσραὴλ ἔτη υλ, ἀπὸ δὲ τῆς καθόδου τῆς εἰς Αἴγυπτον καὶ μέχρι ⟨τῆς εἰς⟩ Παλαιστίνην αὐτῶν ἀφίξεως ἔτη σιε.
ginontai oun apo men tou hebdomēkostou pemptou etous tou megalou Abraam, aph΄ hou hē prorrēsis hautē edothē autǭ para tou theou, mechri Mōyseōs kai tēs eis tēn Palaistinēn aphixeōs tōn huiōn Israēl etē yl, apo de tēs kathodou tēs eis Aigypton kai mechri ⟨tēs eis⟩ Palaistinēn autōn aphixeōs etē sie.
So from the seventy-fifth year of the great Abraham, from which this prediction was given him by God, to Moses and the arrival of the sons of Israel in Palestine there are four hundred thirty years, and from the descent into Egypt to their arrival ⟨in⟩ Palestine two hundred fifteen years.
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Exod 12:40 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Totals: 430 years, of which 215 after the descent into Egypt.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 110.10 (Holl GCS 25:135; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-110-10). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Chapter 111
111.1Holl GCS 25:135
111. Τοσούτοις οὖν ἔτεσιν ἐργασαμένοις τοῖς Ιουδαίοις ἀμισθὶ οὐκ ἦν δίκαιον καὶ παρὰ θεῷ καὶ ἀνθρώποις δοθῆναι αὐτοῖς τὸν μισθὸν αὐτῶν κἂν ἐπὶ τέλει; οὐκ ἄδικος τοίνυν ὁ θεὸς μετὰ σκύλων ἐκεῖθεν ἐκβαλὼν τοὺς οἰκείους.
111. Tosoutois oun etesin ergasamenois tois Ioudaiois amisthi ouk ēn dikaion kai para theǭ kai anthrōpois dothēnai autois ton misthon autōn kan epi telei? ouk adikos toinyn ho theos meta skylōn ekeithen ekbalōn tous oikeious.
So when the Jews had worked so many years without wages, was it not just before God and men that their wages be given them, even at the end? So God was not unjust in bringing his own people out from there with spoils.
Notes and citation
Summary: The spoils were Israel's just wages.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 111.1 (Holl GCS 25:135; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-111-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
111.2Holl GCS 25:135
εἰ δέ τις ἀμφιβάλλοι μὴ οὕτως ἐξαριθμεῖσθαι τὰ ἔτη, ἀκουέτω Μωυσέως λέγοντος »ή δὲ κατοίκησις τῶν υἱῶν Ἰσραὴλ έν γῇ Χαναὰν καὶ ἐν γῇ Αἰγύπτῳ ἔτη υݲλݲ«.
ei de tis amphiballoi mē houtōs exarithmeisthai ta etē, akouetō Mōyseōs legontos »ē de katoikēsis tōn huiōn Israēl en gę̄ Chanaan kai en gę̄ Aigyptǭ etē yݲlݲ«.
And if anyone doubts that the years are counted so, let him hear Moses saying, “And the dwelling of the sons of Israel in the land of Canaan and in the land of Egypt was four hundred thirty years.”
Exod 12:40 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Exodus 12:40 LXX confirms the count.
- The Septuagint of Exod 12:40 includes Canaan; the Hebrew does not.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 111.2 (Holl GCS 25:135; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-111-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
111.3Holl GCS 25:135
τοῦ οὐν δικαιοτάτου μισθοῦ τοῦ κυρίου ἐπιμελομένου, ποία τις ἔτι ὺπολείπεται μάταιος ἀντιλογία τοῖς βουλομένοις κατὰ τοῦ ἁγίου θεοῦ καταφέρειν ψόγον; θεὸν δὲ ἀληθινὸν οὐκ ἄν ποτέ τις ψέξειεν, ἀλλʼ οἱ ψέγοντες ἐαυτοὺς ψέγουσιν.
tou oun dikaiotatou misthou tou kyriou epimelomenou, poia tis eti ypoleipetai mataios antilogia tois boulomenois kata tou hagiou theou katapherein psogon? theon de alēthinon ouk an pote tis psexeien, allʼ hoi psegontes eautous psegousin.
So since the Lord took care of the most just wages, what vain objection is still left to those who wish to bring blame against the holy God? But no one could ever blame the true God; rather those who blame blame themselves.
Notes and citation
Summary: No blame attaches to God.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (joined words): ἐαυτοὺςψέγουσιν → ἐαυτοὺς ψέγουσιν.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 111.3 (Holl GCS 25:135; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-111-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
111.4Holl GCS 25:135–136
Ἐτέρα δὲ τις παρʼ αὐτῶν μάταιος καταγγέλλεται ἀντιλογία ὁμοία τῇ πρώτῃ, ὅτι καλὸς ὁ θεὸς τοῦ νόμου ὃς ἐπλεονέκτησε τοὺς Χαναναίους, ἵνα δῷ τοῖς Ἱσραηλίταις τὸν αὐτῶν τόπον, »οἰκίας ἅς οὐχ ᾠκοδόμησαν καὶ ἐλαιῶνας καὶ συκῶνας καὶ άμπελῶνας οὕς οὐκ ἐφύτευσαν«.
Etera de tis parʼ autōn mataios katangelletai antilogia homoia tę̄ prōtę̄, hoti kalos ho theos tou nomou hos epleonektēse tous Chananaious, hina dǭ tois Hisraēlitais ton autōn topon, »oikias has ouch ǭkodomēsan kai elaiōnas kai sykōnas kai ampelōnas hous ouk ephyteusan«.
Another vain objection like the first is announced by them: “A fine God is the God of the law, who defrauded the Canaanites to give the Israelites their place, ‘houses which they did not build, and olive groves and fig orchards and vineyards which they did not plant.’”
Deut 6:10 (allusion, high confidence) · Deut 6:11 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The objection about the conquest of Canaan.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 111.4 (Holl GCS 25:135–136; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-111-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
111.5Holl GCS 25:136
πρὸς ἐρῶ· ὠ μάταιοι, εἰ μὲν ἠν Μεὸς ὡς ἄνθρωπος, τὰ σήμερον λεγόμενα ἢ πραττόμενα παρήρχετο καὶ οὐδὲν ἦν αὐτῷ ἐν ἐνθυμήσει· ἐπειδὴ δὲ ὁ θεὸς »θεός ἐστι καὶ οὐκ ἄνθρωπος«, τὰ εἰς αὐτὸν ἀναφερόμενα εἰς πολλὰς γενεὰς ἐκδικῶν οὐκ ἐπιλανθάνεται. εἰ γὰρ ἀγνοοῦσι τὸ πρᾶγμα τοῦτο, μαθέτωσαν.
pros erō; ō mataioi, ei men ēn Meos hōs anthrōpos, ta sēmeron legomena ē prattomena parērcheto kai ouden ēn autǭ en enthymēsei; epeidē de ho theos »theos esti kai ouk anthrōpos«, ta eis auton anapheromena eis pollas geneas ekdikōn ouk epilanthanetai. ei gar agnoousi to pragma touto, mathetōsan.
To them I will say: O vain ones, if God were like a man, what is said or done today would pass away and nothing would be in his mind; but since God “is God and not man,” he does not forget what is referred to him, avenging it over many generations. For if they do not know this matter, let them learn.
Hos 11:9 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: God remembers and avenges over generations.
- Μεός is a digital slip for θεός. The quotation is Hos 11:9.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (repeated word): πρὸς πρὸς ἐρῶ → πρὸς ἐρῶ.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 111.5 (Holl GCS 25:136; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-111-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Chapter 112
112.1Holl GCS 25:136
112. Ἴσασι πάντες τὸν δίκαιον Νῶε λείψανον τοῦ κόσμου γεγονότα μετὰ τὸν κατακλυσμόν. ὡς οὖν παρελείφθη αὐτός τε καὶ οἱ τρεῖς αὐτοῦ υἱοί, οἶα δίκαιος ὢν καὶ τοὺς ἑαυτοῦ παῖδας εὐλαβεῖς καθιστᾶν πειρώμενος, ἴνα μὴ τοῖς αὐτοῖς ὑποπέσωσι κακοῖς ὡς καὶ οἱ ἐν τῷ κατακλυσμῷ, οὐ μόνον διὰ λόγων τούτοις τὴν εὐλάβειαν παρεδίδου, ἀλλὰ καὶ διʼ ὅρκου ἀφʼ ἑνὸς ἑκάστου αὐτῶν τὴν πρὸς τὸν ἀδελφὸν εὔνοιαν ἀπᾐτησε.
112. Isasi pantes ton dikaion Nōe leipsanon tou kosmou gegonota meta ton kataklysmon. hōs oun pareleiphthē autos te kai hoi treis autou huioi, oia dikaios ōn kai tous heautou paidas eulabeis kathistan peirōmenos, ina mē tois autois hypopesōsi kakois hōs kai hoi en tǭ kataklysmǭ, ou monon dia logōn toutois tēn eulabeian paredidou, alla kai diʼ horkou aphʼ henos hekastou autōn tēn pros ton adelphon eunoian apę̄tēse.
All know that the righteous Noah became the remnant of the world after the flood. So when he and his three sons were left, being righteous and trying to make his children devout, so that they might not fall into the same evils as those in the flood, he not only handed on piety to them by words, but also demanded from each of them by oath goodwill toward his brother.
Gen 9:19 (allusion, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Noah bound his sons by oath.
- The oath and division of the earth follow a tradition also found in Jubilees 8–9.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR): Νῶς Λείψανον → Νῶε λείψανον.
Extrabiblical texts: Jub. 8-9 (Jubilees [in the ETH canon]; allusion)
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 112.1 (Holl GCS 25:136; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-112-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
112.2Holl GCS 25:136
καὶ διαμερίζει μὲν ὡς κληρονόμος τοῦ κόσμου καταστὰς ὑπὸ τοῦ θεοῦ τοῖς τρισὶν υἱοῖς αὐτοῦ τὸν πάντα κόσμον, ὑπὸ κλήρους διελὼν καὶ ἑκάστην μερίδα κατὰ κλῆρον ἑκάστῳ ἀπονέμων·
kai diamerizei men hōs klēronomos tou kosmou katastas hypo tou theou tois trisin huiois autou ton panta kosmon, hypo klērous dielōn kai hekastēn merida kata klēron hekastǭ aponemōn;
And, having been made heir of the world by God, he divides the whole world among his three sons, dividing it by lots and assigning each portion by lot to each;
Notes and citation
Summary: Noah divided the world by lot.
Extrabiblical texts: Jub. 8.10-11 (Jubilees [in the ETH canon]; allusion)
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 112.2 (Holl GCS 25:136; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-112-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
112.3Holl GCS 25:136–137
καὶ τῷ μὲν Σὴμ τῷ πρωτοτόκῳ ὑπέπεσεν ό κλῆρος ἀπὸ Περσίδος καὶ Βάκτρων ἕως Ἰνδικῆς [⟨τὸ μῆκος, πλάτος δὲ ἀπὸ ἕως τῆς χώρας Ῥινοκουρούρων· κεῖται δὲ αὕτη ἡ Ῥινοκουρούρων ἀνὰ μέσον Αἰγύπτου καὶ Παλαιστίνης, ἀντικρὺ τῆς ἐρυθρᾶς θαλάσσης.
kai tǭ men Sēm tǭ prōtotokǭ hypepesen o klēros apo Persidos kai Baktrōn heōs Indikēs [⟨to mēkos, platos de apo heōs tēs chōras Rhinokourourōn; keitai de hautē hē Rhinokourourōn ana meson Aigyptou kai Palaistinēs, antikry tēs erythras thalassēs.
and to Shem, the firstborn, fell the lot from Persia and Bactria to India in length, and in breadth from ⟨India⟩ to the land of Rhinocorura; and this Rhinocorura lies between Egypt and Palestine, opposite the Red Sea.
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Notes and citation
Summary: Shem's portion.
- The bracketing of the length/breadth clause is uncertain in the edition.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR: Ε for Σ): τῷ μὲν Εὴμ → τῷ μὲν Σὴμ.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 112.3 (Holl GCS 25:136–137; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-112-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
112.4Holl GCS 25:137
Χὰμ δὲ τῷ δευτέρῳ ἀπὸ τῆς αὐτῆς Ῥινοκουρούρων ἕως Γαδείρων τὰ πρὸς νότον. Ἰάφεθ δὲ τῷ τρίτῳ ἀπὸ Μηδίας ἕως Γαδείρων καὶ Ρινοκουρούρων τὰ πρὸς βορρᾶν.
Cham de tǭ deuterǭ apo tēs autēs Rhinokourourōn heōs Gadeirōn ta pros noton. Iapheth de tǭ tritǭ apo Mēdias heōs Gadeirōn kai Rinokourourōn ta pros borran.
To Ham the second, from the same Rhinocorura to Gadeira, the southern parts. To Japheth the third, from Media to Gadeira and Rhinocorura, the northern parts.
Notes and citation
Summary: Ham's and Japheth's portions.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 112.4 (Holl GCS 25:137; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-112-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Chapter 113
113.1Holl GCS 25:137
113. Τῷ οὖν Σὴμ γίνονται παῖδες καὶ παίδων παῖδες κݲεݲ ἕως ὅτε διεμερίσθησαν αἱ γλῶσσαι· καὶ εἰσὶ διεσπαρμένοι ἐν γλώσσαις καὶ φυλαῖς καὶ βασιλείαις.
113. Tǭ oun Sēm ginontai paides kai paidōn paides kݲeݲ heōs hote diemeristhēsan hai glōssai; kai eisi diesparmenoi en glōssais kai phylais kai basileiais.
To Shem, then, were born sons and sons' sons, twenty-five, until the tongues were divided; and they are scattered in tongues and tribes and kingdoms.
Gen 10:31 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Shem's twenty-five descendants.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 113.1 (Holl GCS 25:137; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-113-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
113.2Holl GCS 25:137–138
τὰ δὲ ὀνόματα αὐτῶν ἐστι τάδε· Ἐλυμαῖοι Παίονες Λαζόνες Κοσσαῖοι Γασφηνοὶ Παλαιστινοὶ] Ἰνδοὶ Σύροι Ἀραβες οἱ καὶ ⟨Ταϊ⟩ Ἀριανοὶ Μάρδοι Ὑρκανοὶ Μαγουσαῖοι Ἀσσύριοι Γερμανοὶ Λυδοὶ Μεσοποταμῖται Ἑβραῖοι Κοιληνοὶ Βακτριανοὶ Ἀδιαβηνοὶ Καμήλιοι Σαρακηνοὶ Σκύθαι † Χίονες Γυμνο- σοφισταὶ Χαλδαῖοι Πάρθοι Ἐῆται Κορδυληνοὶ Μασσυνοὶ Φοίνικες Μαδιηναῖοι Κομμαγηνοὶ Δαρδάνιοι Ἐλαμασηνοὶ Κεδρούσιοι Ἐλαμῖται Ἀρμένιοι Κίλικες [Αἰγύπτιοι] Καππάδοκες [Φοίνικες] † Βίονες Κᾶρες] Χάλυβες Ψυλλῖται] Λαζοὶ Μοσσύνοικοι] Ἴβηρες Φρύγες].
ta de onomata autōn esti tade; Elymaioi Paiones Lazones Kossaioi Gasphēnoi Palaistinoi] Indoi Syroi Arabes hoi kai ⟨Taï⟩ Arianoi Mardoi Hyrkanoi Magousaioi Assyrioi Germanoi Lydoi Mesopotamitai Hebraioi Koilēnoi Baktrianoi Adiabēnoi Kamēlioi Sarakēnoi Skythai † Chiones Gymno- sophistai Chaldaioi Parthoi Eētai Kordylēnoi Massynoi Phoinikes Madiēnaioi Kommagēnoi Dardanioi Elamasēnoi Kedrousioi Elamitai Armenioi Kilikes [Aigyptioi] Kappadokes [Phoinikes] † Biones Kares] Chalybes Psyllitai] Lazoi Mossynoikoi] Ibēres Phryges].
And their names are these: Elymaeans, Paeones, Lazones, Cossaeans, Gasphenes, Indians, Syrians, Arabs, also called ⟨Tai⟩, Arians, Mardi, Hyrcanians, Magusaeans, Assyrians, Germanians, Lydians, Mesopotamians, Hebrews, Coelenes, Bactrians, Adiabenes, Camelians, Saracens, Scythians, † Chiones, Gymnosophists, Chaldeans, Parthians, Eetae, Cordylenes, Massyni, Phoenicians, Madienaeans, Commagenes, Dardanians, Elamasenes, Cedrusians, Elamites, Armenians, Cilicians, Cappadocians, † Biones, Chalybes, Lazi, Iberians.
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Notes and citation
Summary: The peoples descended from Shem.
- The editor deletes Palestinians, Egyptians, Phoenicians (second time), Carians, Psyllites, Mossynoeci, and Phrygians. The list is Epiphanius's; many names are obscure, and the daggers mark corrupt forms.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 113.2 (Holl GCS 25:137–138; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-113-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
113.3Holl GCS 25:138–139
Χὰμ δὲ τῷ δευτέρῳ παῖδες καὶ παίδων παῖδες τριάκοντα δύο ἕως τοῦ αὐτοῦ διαμερισμοῦ τῶν γλωσσῶν· Αἰθίοπες Τρωγλοδύται Ἀγγαῖοι Ταιηνοὶ Σαβῖνοι Ἰχθυοφάγοι Ἑλλανικοὶ Αἰγύπτιοι Φοίνικες Μαρμαρίδαι Κᾶρες Ψυλλῖται Μοσσύνοικοι Φρύγες Μάκωνες Μάκρωνες Συρτῖται Λεπτιμαγνῖται Βιθυνοὶ Νομάδες Λύκιοι Μαριανδηνοὶ Πάμφυλοι † Μοσχεσίδιοι Πισιδηνοὶ Αὐγαλαῖοι Κίλικες Μαυρούσιοι Κρῆτες Μαγάρδαι Νουμιδοὶ Ἄφροι ⟨οἱ⟩ καὶ Βιζακηνοὶ Φασγηνοὶ Μάζικες Γάραμοι Γετοῦλοι Βλέμμυες Ἀξωμῖται· οὐτοι κατέχουσιν ἀπὸ Αἰγύπτου ἕως Ὠκεανοῦ.
Cham de tǭ deuterǭ paides kai paidōn paides triakonta dyo heōs tou autou diamerismou tōn glōssōn; Aithiopes Trōglodytai Angaioi Taiēnoi Sabinoi Ichthyophagoi Hellanikoi Aigyptioi Phoinikes Marmaridai Kares Psyllitai Mossynoikoi Phryges Makōnes Makrōnes Syrtitai Leptimagnitai Bithynoi Nomades Lykioi Mariandēnoi Pamphyloi † Moschesidioi Pisidēnoi Augalaioi Kilikes Maurousioi Krētes Magardai Noumidoi Aphroi ⟨hoi⟩ kai Bizakēnoi Phasgēnoi Mazikes Garamoi Getouloi Blemmyes Axōmitai; outoi katechousin apo Aigyptou heōs Ōkeanou.
And to Ham the second were sons and sons' sons, thirty-two, until the same division of the tongues: Ethiopians, Troglodytes, Angaeans, Taenians, Sabines, Fish-eaters, Hellanics, Egyptians, Phoenicians, Marmaridae, Carians, Psyllites, Mossynoeci, Phrygians, Macones, Macrones, Syrtites, people of Leptis Magna, Bithynians, Nomads, Lycians, Mariandyni, Pamphylians, † Moschesidians, Pisidians, Augalaeans, Cilicians, Moors, Cretans, Magardae, Numidians, Africans ⟨also⟩ called Byzacenes, Phasgenes, Mazices, Garamantes, Gaetulians, Blemmyes, Axumites. These hold from Egypt to the Ocean.
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Gen 10:6 (allusion, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The peoples descended from Ham.
- The list is Epiphanius's; some names are obscure and the dagger marks a corrupt form.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR: φ for γ): Ἰχθυοφάφοι → Ἰχθυοφάγοι.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 113.3 (Holl GCS 25:138–139; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-113-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
113.4Holl GCS 25:139–140
καὶ νῆσοι αὐτοῖς· Κούρσουλα Λοπάδουσα Γαῦλος Ῥίδη Μελίτη Κέρκυρα Μήνη Σαρδανὶς Γόρτυνα Κρήτη Γλαῦκος Ῥίδη Θήρα Καρίανθος Ἀστυπαλαία Χίος Λέσβος Τένεδος Ἴμβρος Ἴασος Σάμος Κῶος Κνίδη Νίσσυρος Μεγίστη καὶ Κύπρος.
kai nēsoi autois; Koursoula Lopadousa Gaulos Rhidē Melitē Kerkyra Mēnē Sardanis Gortyna Krētē Glaukos Rhidē Thēra Karianthos Astypalaia Chios Lesbos Tenedos Imbros Iasos Samos Kōos Knidē Nissyros Megistē kai Kypros.
And islands belong to them: Corsula, Lopadusa, Gaulos, Rhide, Melite, Cercyra, Mene, Sardinia, Gortyna, Crete, Glaucus, Rhide, Thera, Carianthus, Astypalaea, Chios, Lesbos, Tenedos, Imbros, Iasus, Samos, Cos, Cnidus, Nisyros, Megiste, and Cyprus.
Notes and citation
Summary: Ham's islands.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 113.4 (Holl GCS 25:139–140; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-113-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
113.5Holl GCS 25:140
Ιάφεθ δὲ τῷ τρίτῳ παῖδες καὶ παίδων παῖδες δεκαπέντε ἴως τοῦ αὐτοῦ διαμερισμοῦ τῶν γλωσσῶν· Μῆδοι Ἀλβανοὶ Γαργιανοὶ Ἀρμένιοι Ἀρραῖοι Ἀμαζόνες Κῶλοι Κορζηνοὶ Βενεαγηνοὶ Καππάδοκες Γαλάται Παφλαγόνες Μαριανδηνοὶ Τιβαρηνοὶ Χἀλυβες Μοσσύνοικοι Κόλχοι Μελαγχηνοὶ Σαυρομάται Γερμανοὶ Μαιῶται Σκύθαι Ταῦροι Θρᾷκες Βαστέρνοι Ἰλλυριοὶ Μακεδόνες Ἕλληνες Λίβυες † Φρύγες Παννόνιοι Ιστροι Οὐέννοι Δαυνεῖς Ἰάπυγες Καλαβροὶ Ἱππικοὶ Λατῖνοι οἱ καὶ Ῥωμαῖοι Τυρρηνοὶ Γάλλοι ⟨οἱ⟩ καὶ Κελτοὶ Λιγυστινοὶ Κελτίβηρες Ἴβηρες Γάλλοι Ἀκουιτανοὶ Ἰλλυριανοὶ Βάσαντες Κάννιοι Καρτανοὶ Λυσιτανοὶ Οὐακκαῖοι Βρεττανικοὶ Σκότοι Σπάνοι.
Iapheth de tǭ tritǭ paides kai paidōn paides dekapente iōs tou autou diamerismou tōn glōssōn; Mēdoi Albanoi Gargianoi Armenioi Arraioi Amazones Kōloi Korzēnoi Beneagēnoi Kappadokes Galatai Paphlagones Mariandēnoi Tibarēnoi Chalybes Mossynoikoi Kolchoi Melanchēnoi Sauromatai Germanoi Maiōtai Skythai Tauroi Thrąkes Basternoi Illyrioi Makedones Hellēnes Libyes † Phryges Pannonioi Istroi Ouennoi Dauneis Iapyges Kalabroi Hippikoi Latinoi hoi kai Rhōmaioi Tyrrēnoi Galloi ⟨hoi⟩ kai Keltoi Ligystinoi Keltibēres Ibēres Galloi Akouitanoi Illyrianoi Basantes Kannioi Kartanoi Lysitanoi Ouakkaioi Brettanikoi Skotoi Spanoi.
And to Japheth the third were sons and sons' sons, fifteen, until the same division of the tongues: Medes, Albanians, Gargians, Armenians, Arraeans, Amazons, Coli, Corzenes, Beneagenes, Cappadocians, Galatians, Paphlagonians, Mariandyni, Tibareni, Chalybes, Mossynoeci, Colchians, Melanchlaeni, Sauromatae, Germans, Maeotae, Scythians, Tauri, Thracians, Bastarnae, Illyrians, Macedonians, Greeks, Libyans, † Phrygians, Pannonians, Istrians, Venetians, Daunians, Iapygians, Calabrians, Hippici, Latins also called Romans, Tyrrhenians, Gauls ⟨also⟩ called Celts, Ligurians, Celtiberians, Iberians, Gauls, Aquitanians, Illyrians, Basantes, Cannii, Cartani, Lusitanians, Vaccaei, Britons, Scots, Spaniards.
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Gen 10:2 (allusion, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The peoples descended from Japheth.
- The count of fifteen does not match the length of the list; both are as printed.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (split word): Ἕλ ληνες → Ἕλληνες.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 113.5 (Holl GCS 25:140; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-113-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
113.6Holl GCS 25:140
νῆσοι δὲ αὐτοῖς Βρεττανία Σικελία Εὔβοια Ῥόδος Χίος Λέσβος Κύθηρα Ζάκυνθος Κεφαληνία Ἰθάκη Κέρκυρα Κύπρος.
nēsoi de autois Brettania Sikelia Euboia Rhodos Chios Lesbos Kythēra Zakynthos Kephalēnia Ithakē Kerkyra Kypros.
And islands belong to them: Britain, Sicily, Euboea, Rhodes, Chios, Lesbos, Cythera, Zacynthus, Cephallenia, Ithaca, Cercyra, Cyprus.
Notes and citation
Summary: Japheth's islands.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 113.6 (Holl GCS 25:140; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-113-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
113.7Holl GCS 25:140–141
εἴ που δὲ ὄνομα ἔθνους ἢ νήσου ἐντέτακται δισσῶς ἐν κλήρῳ ἄλλου καὶ πάλιν ἄλλου, κατὰ τὰ κοινὰ ὅρια ἢ κατὰ τὰς γενομένας κατὰ καιρὸν ἀποικίας ἢ κατὰ πρόσληψιν τοῦ Χάμ, ὃς ἐπλεονέκτησε καὶ ἔλαβε τοῦ Σὴμ μέρη, μηδεὶς θαυμαζέτω ἢ ἀμφιβαλλέτω.
ei pou de onoma ethnous ē nēsou entetaktai dissōs en klērǭ allou kai palin allou, kata ta koina horia ē kata tas genomenas kata kairon apoikias ē kata proslēpsin tou Cham, hos epleonektēse kai elabe tou Sēm merē, mēdeis thaumazetō ē amphiballetō.
And if anywhere the name of a nation or island is placed twice, in the lot of one and again of another, according to common borders or according to colonies made from time to time, or according to Ham's annexation, who took more than his share and seized parts of Shem's, let no one be surprised or doubt.
Notes and citation
Summary: Duplicates are due to borders, colonies, or Ham's encroachment.
- Several words appear in Latin letters in the digital text.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (Greek in Latin letters; Greek in Latin letters and OCR): καὶ πόλιν ἄλλου, kata ta koina oria h kata tas → καὶ πάλιν ἄλλου, κατὰ τὰ κοινὰ ὅρια ἢ κατὰ τὰς; kata kairon apoikias h κατὰ → κατὰ καιρὸν ἀποικίας ἢ κατὰ.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 113.7 (Holl GCS 25:140–141; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-113-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Chapter 114
114.1Holl GCS 25:141
114. Τούτων τοίνυν τῶν ἐθνῶν οὕτως ἐκ τῶν τριῶν υἱῶν τοῦ Νῶε γεγονότων καὶ τριχῆ τοῦ κόσμου τοῖς τρισὶν υἱοῖς διαμερισθέντος, ὡς προεῖπον ὅρκος ἀπῃτήθη παρʼ αὐτῶν ὑπὸ τοῦ πατρὸς μηδένα ἐπεμβαίνειν τῷ τοῦ ἀδελφοῦ κλήρῳ·
114. Toutōn toinyn tōn ethnōn houtōs ek tōn triōn huiōn tou Nōe gegonotōn kai trichē tou kosmou tois trisin huiois diameristhentos, hōs proeipon horkos apę̄tēthē parʼ autōn hypo tou patros mēdena epembainein tǭ tou adelphou klērǭ;
These nations, then, having thus come from the three sons of Noah, and the world having been divided in three among the three sons, as I said before, an oath was demanded of them by their father that none should encroach on his brother's lot;
Notes and citation
Summary: Noah's sons swore not to encroach on each other.
Extrabiblical texts: Jub. 9.14-15 (Jubilees [in the ETH canon]; allusion)
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 114.1 (Holl GCS 25:141; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-114-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
114.2Holl GCS 25:141
τὸν δὲ ὑπερβαίνοντα τὴν τοῦ ὅρκου διαταγὴν ἐξολοθρεύεσθαι ἐν τῷ ὅρκῳ ἔφησαν καὶ πᾶν τὸ σπέρμα αὐτοῦ.
ton de hyperbainonta tēn tou horkou diatagēn exolothreuesthai en tǭ horkǭ ephēsan kai pan to sperma autou.
and in the oath they said that whoever transgressed the ordinance of the oath should be destroyed, and all his seed.
Notes and citation
Summary: Transgressors would be destroyed.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR: transposed letters): ἐξολοθερύεσθαι → ἐξολοθρεύεσθαι.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 114.2 (Holl GCS 25:141; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-114-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
114.3Holl GCS 25:141
ἐπεὶ οὐν ἐν τῷ κλήρῳ ⟨τοῦ⟩ Σὴμ ἡ Παλαιστίνη ὑπέπεσε καὶ πάντα τὰ πλησίον αὐτῆς, πλεονέκτης δὲ ὤν ὁ Χαναὰν υἱὸς Χὰμ ἐπῆλθε τῇ Παλαιστινῶν ὕστερον γῇ τουτέστι τῇ Ἰουδαίᾳ καὶ ἀφαρπάζει αὐτήν, ἐμακροθύμει δὲ ὀ
epei oun en tǭ klērǭ ⟨tou⟩ Sēm hē Palaistinē hypepese kai panta ta plēsion autēs, pleonektēs de ōn ho Chanaan huios Cham epēlthe tę̄ Palaistinōn hysteron gę̄ toutesti tę̄ Ioudaią kai apharpazei autēn, emakrothymei de o
Since then Palestine and all near it fell in the lot ⟨of⟩ Shem, but Canaan, the son of Ham, being grasping, later invaded the land of the Palestinians, that is, Judea, and seized it, God was long-suffering,
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Notes and citation
Summary: Canaan seized Shem's land.
Extrabiblical texts: Jub. 10.29-34 (Jubilees [in the ETH canon]; allusion)
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 114.3 (Holl GCS 25:141; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-114-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
114.4Holl GCS 25:141
θεὸς διδοὺς χρόνους μετανοίας, ἵνα μετανοήσειαν οἱ ἐκ τοῦ Χὰμ καὶ ἀποδῶσι τοῖς τοῦ Σὴμ τὴν ἰδίαν κληρουχίαν, ἐκεῖνοι δὲ οὐ μετενόουν, ἀλλʼ ἤθελον τὸ μέτρον αὐτῶν πληρῶσαι, —
theos didous chronous metanoias, hina metanoēseian hoi ek tou Cham kai apodōsi tois tou Sēm tēn idian klērouchian, ekeinoi de ou metenooun, allʼ ēthelon to metron autōn plērōsai, —
giving times of repentance, so that the descendants of Ham might repent and give back to those of Shem their own allotment; but they did not repent, but wished to fill up their measure,
Notes and citation
Summary: God gave Canaan time to repent.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 114.4 (Holl GCS 25:141; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-114-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
114.5Holl GCS 25:141–142
τότε ὁ θεὸς μετὰ πολλὰς ὕστερον γενεὰς δίκαιος ὤν ἐκδικεῖ τὴν παράβασιν τοῦ ὅρκου· οὕτω γὰρ ἔδει πληρωθῆναι τὸ Ἀμορραίων μέτρον.
tote ho theos meta pollas hysteron geneas dikaios ōn ekdikei tēn parabasin tou horkou; houtō gar edei plērōthēnai to Amorraiōn metron.
then after many generations God, being just, avenges the transgression of the oath; for so the measure of the Amorites had to be filled up.
Gen 15:16 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: God avenged the broken oath.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 114.5 (Holl GCS 25:141–142; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-114-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
114.6Holl GCS 25:142
Σὴμ γὰρ γεννᾷ τὸν Ἀρφαζάδ· Χὰμ δὲ γεννᾷ τὸν Χαναάν. Χαναὰν δὲ γεννᾷ μετὰ τὴν πλεονεξίαν τὸν Ἀμορραῖον καὶ τὸν Γεργεσαῖον καὶ Φερεζαῖον καὶ Εὐαῖον καὶ Ἀρουκαῖον καὶ Ἀράδιον καὶ Σιδώνιον.
Sēm gar genną ton Arphazad; Cham de genną ton Chanaan. Chanaan de genną meta tēn pleonexian ton Amorraion kai ton Gergesaion kai Pherezaion kai Euaion kai Aroukaion kai Aradion kai Sidōnion.
For Shem begets Arphaxad; and Ham begets Canaan. And Canaan after the encroachment begets the Amorite and the Girgashite and the Perizzite and the Hivite and the Arkite and the Arvadite and the Sidonian.
Gen 10:15 (allusion, high confidence) · Gen 10:16 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Canaan's descendants.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR: ζ for ξ): πλεονεζίαν → πλεονεξίαν.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 114.6 (Holl GCS 25:142; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-114-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
114.7Holl GCS 25:142
ἀριθμοῦνται τοίνυν οὕτως αἱ γενεαὶ ἕως τῆς τοῦ Σὴμ ἐκδικίας· Σὴμ ὁ πλεονεκτηθεὶς γεννᾷ τὸν Ἀρφαξάδ, ὡς εἴπομεν· Ἀρφαξὰδ δὲ γεννᾷ τὸν Κηνᾶ, Κηνᾶ τὸν Σάλα, Σάλα τὸν Ἔβερ καὶ γίνεται ἡ πυργοποιία· Ἔβερ γεννᾷ τὸν Φαλὲκ καὶ γίνεται γῆς καὶ γλωσσῶν διαμερισμός· Φαλὲκ γεννᾷ τὸν Ῥαγαῦ, ⟨Ῥαγαῦ⟩ τὸν Σερούχ, Σεροὺχ τὸν Ναχώρ, Ναχὼρ τὸν Θάρρα, Θάρρα τὸν Ἀβραάμ, Ἀβραὰμ τὸν Ἰσαάκ, Ἰσαὰκ τὸν Ἰακὼβ τὸν ἐπονομασθέντα Ἰσραήλ, ἐξ οὗπερ Ἰσραηλῖται, Ἰακὼβ τὸν Ἰούδαν, Ἰούδας τὸν Φαρές, Φαρὲς τὸν Ἐσρώμ, Ἐσρὼμ τὸν Ἀράμ, Ἀρὰμ τὸν Ἀμιναδάβ, Ἀμιναδὰβ τὸν Ναασσὼν καὶ ⟨Ναασσὼν⟩ τὸν Σαλμών. αὕτη ἡ γενεὰ τῶν ἀπὸ Σὴμ γεγεννημένων.
arithmountai toinyn houtōs hai geneai heōs tēs tou Sēm ekdikias; Sēm ho pleonektētheis genną ton Arphaxad, hōs eipomen; Arphaxad de genną ton Kēna, Kēna ton Sala, Sala ton Eber kai ginetai hē pyrgopoiia; Eber genną ton Phalek kai ginetai gēs kai glōssōn diamerismos; Phalek genną ton Rhagau, ⟨Rhagau⟩ ton Serouch, Serouch ton Nachōr, Nachōr ton Tharra, Tharra ton Abraam, Abraam ton Isaak, Isaak ton Iakōb ton eponomasthenta Israēl, ex houper Israēlitai, Iakōb ton Ioudan, Ioudas ton Phares, Phares ton Esrōm, Esrōm ton Aram, Aram ton Aminadab, Aminadab ton Naassōn kai ⟨Naassōn⟩ ton Salmōn. hautē hē genea tōn apo Sēm gegennēmenōn.
So the generations are counted thus until the vindication of Shem: Shem, who was defrauded, begets Arphaxad, as we said; Arphaxad begets Cainan, Cainan Shelah, Shelah Eber, and the tower-building happens; Eber begets Peleg, and the division of the earth and tongues happens; Peleg begets Reu, ⟨Reu⟩ Serug, Serug Nahor, Nahor Terah, Terah Abraham, Abraham Isaac, Isaac Jacob who was named Israel, from whom are the Israelites; Jacob Judah, Judah Perez, Perez Hezron, Hezron Ram, Ram Amminadab, Amminadab Nahshon, and ⟨Nahshon⟩ Salmon. This is the generation of those born from Shem.
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Gen 11:10 (allusion, high confidence) · Luke 3:36 (allusion, medium confidence) · Matt 1:2 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: From Shem to Salmon, who entered Canaan.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR: extra letter): ἀριθμοῦνται τοίνυν οὕοτως → ἀριθμοῦνται τοίνυν οὕτως; ἐξ οὗιπερ → ἐξ οὗπερ.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 114.7 (Holl GCS 25:142; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-114-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
114.8Holl GCS 25:142
τούτους οὖν ἀδικηθέντας ὑπὸ τῶν υἱῶν Χὰμ καὶ τὸν ἴδιον τόπον ἀφαιρεθέντας ἐκδικεῖ ὁ θεὸς ἐξολοθρεύσας τοὺς τοῦ Χαναὰν κατὰ τὸν ὅρκον αὐτῶν, καὶ τὸ σπέρμα τοῦ Σὴμ τὴν ἰδίαν ἀπολαμβάνει χώραν. οὐκ ἠδίκησεν οὖν ὁ θεός, τὰ δίκαια ἑκάστῳ μέρει ἀπονέμων· »οὐ γὰρ μυκτηρίζεται ὁ θεός«, ὡς προεῖπον.
toutous oun adikēthentas hypo tōn huiōn Cham kai ton idion topon aphairethentas ekdikei ho theos exolothreusas tous tou Chanaan kata ton horkon autōn, kai to sperma tou Sēm tēn idian apolambanei chōran. ouk ēdikēsen oun ho theos, ta dikaia hekastǭ merei aponemōn; »ou gar myktērizetai ho theos«, hōs proeipon.
So God avenges these, who were wronged by the sons of Ham and deprived of their own place, destroying those of Canaan according to their oath, and the seed of Shem receives back its own land. So God did no wrong, giving each part what is just; “for God is not mocked,” as I said before.
Gal 6:7 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The conquest restored Shem's land justly.
- This justification of the conquest follows Jubilees and is Epiphanius's argument.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR: Latin I): ὡς προεΙπον → ὡς προεῖπον.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 114.8 (Holl GCS 25:142; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-114-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Chapter 115
115.1Holl GCS 25:142
115. Ἐν τῇ οὖν ἐξόδῳ συναγωγὴν ἑαυτῷ ὁ θεὸς ἁρμόσων φησὶ Μωυσῇ »ὑπόλυσαι τὰ ὑποδήματα ἐκ τῶν ποδῶν σου«. πᾶς γὰρ ὁ μέλλων καθαροῖς λουτροῖς προσιέναι πρῶτον ὑπολύεται.
115. En tę̄ oun exodǭ synagōgēn heautǭ ho theos harmosōn phēsi Mōysę̄ »hypolysai ta hypodēmata ek tōn podōn sou«. pas gar ho mellōn katharois loutrois prosienai prōton hypolyetai.
In the exodus, then, God, about to join an assembly to himself, says to Moses, “Loose the sandals from your feet.” For everyone who is about to approach pure washings first loosens his sandals.
Exod 3:5 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Loosening sandals prefigures baptism.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR: ο for σ): φησὶ Μωυοῇ → φησὶ Μωυσῇ.
Topics: Baptism
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 115.1 (Holl GCS 25:142; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-115-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
115.2Holl GCS 25:142
ἐπειδὴ τοίνυν χρόνος πολὺς διελήλυθε καὶ πᾶς τις »ἐν τῇ ὁδῷ αὐτοῦ ἐπλανήθημεν« καὶ αὕτη ἡ συναγωγὴ ἐν τοῖς ἰδίοις κακοῖς ἔμεινεν, οὔπω »τὸ λουτρὸν« ὁ θεὸς »τῆς παλιγγενεσίας« ἀπεκάλυπτεν, ἀλλ ἔτεσι μὲν πολλοῖς ἀνεβάλλετο, ὕστερον δὲ τῇ ἁγίᾳ ἐκκλησίᾳ τὸ πανάγιον λουτρὸν ἀπεκάλυψεν· ἐν μὲν Μωυσῇ
epeidē toinyn chronos polys dielēlythe kai pas tis »en tę̄ hodǭ autou eplanēthēmen« kai hautē hē synagōgē en tois idiois kakois emeinen, oupō »to loutron« ho theos »tēs palingenesias« apekalypten, all etesi men pollois aneballeto, hysteron de tę̄ hagią ekklēsią to panagion loutron apekalypsen; en men Mōysę̄
Since then a long time passed, and each “went astray in his way,” and this assembly remained in its own evils, God did not yet reveal “the washing of regeneration,” but postponed it for many years, and later revealed the all-holy washing to the holy church: in Moses
Isa 53:6 (quotation, medium confidence) · Titus 3:5 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Baptism was revealed only to the church.
Topics: Baptism
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 115.2 (Holl GCS 25:142; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-115-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
115.3Holl GCS 25:142–143
ὑποδήματα ὑπολύων, ἐν δὲ προφήταις τὸν ἔξωθεν χιτῶνα ἀπεκδύων, περίζωμα μόνον καταλείψας τῷ Ἰερεμίᾳ, ἐν δὲ] Ἰωάννῃ ὅλα τὰ τοῦ κόσμου ἱμάτια μεταβαλὼν ἐκ τριχῶν καμήλου μετεσχημάτιζεν, ἐν δὲ αὐτῷ τῷ σωτῆρι καὶ τοῖς αὐτοῦ μαθηταῖς κόσμου τὸ σχῆμα« ἐξέδυσεν, ἄνωθεν δὲ ἀπʼ οὐρανῶν μετὰ τὴν τῶν κάθαρσιν κάθαρσιν »πυρὸς καὶ πνεύματος‘ ἔνδυσιν ἐνεδίδυσκεν.
hypodēmata hypolyōn, en de prophētais ton exōthen chitōna apekdyōn, perizōma monon kataleipsas tǭ Ieremią, en de] Iōannę̄ hola ta tou kosmou himatia metabalōn ek trichōn kamēlou meteschēmatizen, en de autǭ tǭ sōtēri kai tois autou mathētais kosmou to schēma« exedysen, anōthen de apʼ ouranōn meta tēn tōn katharsin katharsin »pyros kai pneumatos‘ endysin enedidysken.
loosening the sandals, in the prophets stripping off the outer tunic, leaving only a loincloth to Jeremiah; in John changing all the garments of the world and reshaping them from camel's hair; and in the Savior himself and his disciples he stripped off “the form of the world,” and from above, from heaven, after the cleansing “of fire and Spirit,” he clothed them with a garment.
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Jer 13:1 (allusion, high confidence) · Matt 3:4 (allusion, high confidence) · 1 Cor 7:31 (allusion, high confidence) · Matt 3:11 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Stages of stripping prefigure baptism's new garment.
- The editor deletes δέ. κάθαρσιν is doubled in the digital text.
Topics: Baptism
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 115.3 (Holl GCS 25:142–143; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-115-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
115.4Holl GCS 25:143
ἀλλʼ ὁρῶντες οἱ Ἰσραηλῖται τὴν] χάριν τούτου οὐκ ἔγνωσαν ὅτι θεός ἐστι. διὸ καὶ ὁ προφήτης ἐγκληματικῶς τούτους ἀπωδύρετο διὰ τὴν εἰς τὸν σωτῆρα ὑπʼ αὐτῶν ἐσομένην ἀτιμίαν, ταῦτα κυρίῳ ἀνταποδίδοτε, λέγων, λαὸς μωρὸς καὶ ἀκάρδιος;
allʼ horōntes hoi Israēlitai tēn] charin toutou ouk egnōsan hoti theos esti. dio kai ho prophētēs enklēmatikōs toutous apōdyreto dia tēn eis ton sōtēra hypʼ autōn esomenēn atimian, tauta kyriǭ antapodidote, legōn, laos mōros kai akardios?
But the Israelites, seeing his grace, did not know that he is God. Therefore the prophet also lamented them accusingly for the dishonor they would do to the Savior: “Do you repay the Lord thus, a foolish and senseless people?”
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Deut 32:6 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Israel did not recognize the Savior as God.
- The editor deletes τήν. Epiphanius's charge against Israel is translated as written.
Topics: Christology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 115.4 (Holl GCS 25:143; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-115-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
115.5Holl GCS 25:143
οὐκ ἔγνωσαν γὰρ τοῦτον ὅτι οὗτος ἦν ἐν ἀρχῇ μεθʼ οὗ Ε; πατὴρ συνεβουλεύσατο, ποιήσωμεν ἄνθρωπον κατʼ εἰκόνα ἡμετέραν καὶ καθʼ ὁμοίωσιν‘ λέγων·
ouk egnōsan gar touton hoti houtos ēn en archę̄ methʼ hou E? patēr synebouleusato, poiēsōmen anthrōpon katʼ eikona hēmeteran kai kathʼ homoiōsin‘ legōn;
For they did not know him, that he was the one with whom in the beginning the Father took counsel, saying, “Let us make man according to our image and likeness.”
Gen 1:26 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: He was the one addressed in “Let us make man.”
- A stray mark (Ε;) in the digital text is ignored.
Topics: Trinity
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 115.5 (Holl GCS 25:143; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-115-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
115.6Holl GCS 25:143
τὸ γὰρ ποιήσωμεν‘ οὐχ ἑνὸς ἀριθμοῦ ἐστι σημαντικόν· ἀλλὰ γοῦν συνεβουλεύσατο ὁ πατὴρ υἱῷ καὶ ἁγίῳ πνεύματι· »τῷ γὰρ λόγῳ κυρίου οἱ οὐρανοὶ ἐστερεώθησαν καὶ τῷ πνεύματι τοῦ στόματος αὐτοῦ πᾶσα ἡ δύναμις αὐτῶν‘.
to gar poiēsōmen‘ ouch henos arithmou esti sēmantikon; alla goun synebouleusato ho patēr huiǭ kai hagiǭ pneumati; »tǭ gar logǭ kyriou hoi ouranoi estereōthēsan kai tǭ pneumati tou stomatos autou pasa hē dynamis autōn‘.
For “let us make” does not signify a single number; but the Father took counsel with the Son and the Holy Spirit: “For by the word of the Lord the heavens were made firm, and all their host by the breath of his mouth.”
Gen 1:26 (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 33:6 (32:6 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The Father took counsel with Son and Spirit.
Topics: Trinity
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 115.6 (Holl GCS 25:143; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-115-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
115.7Holl GCS 25:143
οὐδʼ οὖν συνήκασι τοῦ λέγοντος ἐν τῇ αὐτῇ βίβλῳ ῥητῶς, ὅτι »ἔβρεξε κύριος παρὰ κυρίου πῦρ καὶ θεῖον ἐπὶ Σόδομα καὶ Γόμορρα ἀπʼ οὐρανοῦ«. ἔβρεξε γὰρ κύριος πῦρ«, ὁ πρὸς Ἀβραὰμ ἐληλυθώς, παρὰ κυρίου ἀπʼ οὐρανοῦ«, τοῦ αὐτὸν ἀποστείλαντος.
oudʼ oun synēkasi tou legontos en tę̄ autę̄ biblǭ rhētōs, hoti »ebrexe kyrios para kyriou pyr kai theion epi Sodoma kai Gomorra apʼ ouranou«. ebrexe gar kyrios pyr«, ho pros Abraam elēlythōs, para kyriou apʼ ouranou«, tou auton aposteilantos.
Nor did they understand the one who says explicitly in the same book that “the Lord rained from the Lord fire and brimstone on Sodom and Gomorrah from heaven.” For “the Lord rained fire,” the one who had come to Abraham, “from the Lord out of heaven,” who sent him.
Gen 19:24 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Genesis 19:24 shows two Lords.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR): οὐδʼ ὂν συνήκασι → οὐδʼ οὖν συνήκασι.
Topics: Trinity
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 115.7 (Holl GCS 25:143; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-115-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
115.8Holl GCS 25:143
οὐδὲ ἔγνωσαν αὐτὸν ἀπʼ Αἰγὐπτου αὐτοὺς ἐκβάλλοντα οὐδὲ συνῆκαν τοῦ προφήτου λέγοντος » καὶ σὺ Βηθλεὲμ οὐχὶ ἐλαχίστη« πῶς γὰρ οἷόν τε ἐλαχίστην καλεῖν πόλιν χωρήσασαν ὃν οὐρανὸς καὶ πάντα χωρεῖν οὐ δεδύνηνται;) καὶ ὅτι ἐκ σοῦ μοι ἐξελεύσεται ἡγούμενος«· εἰ δὲ ἀπὸ Βηθλεὲμ ἐκπορεύεται καὶ ἄνθρωπός ἐστι, καὶ πῶς θεολογεῖται;
oude egnōsan auton apʼ Aigyptou autous ekballonta oude synēkan tou prophētou legontos » kai sy Bēthleem ouchi elachistē« pōs gar hoion te elachistēn kalein polin chōrēsasan hon ouranos kai panta chōrein ou dedynēntai?) kai hoti ek sou moi exeleusetai hēgoumenos«; ei de apo Bēthleem ekporeuetai kai anthrōpos esti, kai pōs theologeitai?
Nor did they know him bringing them out of Egypt, nor did they understand the prophet saying, “And you, Bethlehem, are by no means least” (for how can one call least the city that contained the one whom heaven and all things could not contain?), and that “from you shall come forth for me a leader”; but if he comes forth from Bethlehem and is a man, how is he called God?
Matt 2:6 (quotation, high confidence) · Mic 5:2 (5:1 LXX) (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: They did not understand Micah's prophecy.
Topics: Christology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 115.8 (Holl GCS 25:143; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-115-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Chapter 116
116.1Holl GCS 25:143
116. ταράσσει αὐτοὺς τὸ εἰναι θεὸν καὶ ἄνθρωπον. ἐν ταὐτῷ γὰρ Ε; »αἱ διέξοδοι αὐτοῦ ἀπʼ ἀρχῆς, ἀπὸ κτίσεως κόσμου«· τοῦτο δὲ οὐκ ἔστιν οὐκέτι ἀνθρώπου, ἀλλὰ θεοῦ.
116. tarassei autous to einai theon kai anthrōpon. en tautǭ gar E? »hai diexodoi autou apʼ archēs, apo ktiseōs kosmou«; touto de ouk estin ouketi anthrōpou, alla theou.
That he is God and man troubles them. For in the same place ⟨it says⟩, “his goings forth are from the beginning, from the creation of the world”; and this is no longer of a man but of God.
Mic 5:2 (5:1 LXX) (quotation, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: His eternal origin shows he is God.
- A stray mark (Ε;) in the digital text is ignored.
Topics: Christology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 116.1 (Holl GCS 25:143; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-116-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
116.2Holl GCS 25:143
οὐ μέμνηνται δὲ ὅτι »ἰδοὺ ἡ παρθένος ἐν γαστρὶ ἕξει καὶ τέξεται υἱὸν καὶ καλέσουσι τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ Ἐμμανουήλ«· τὸ δὲ καλέσουσι σημαίνει τὸν τρόπον τῶν ἁγίων καὶ πιστῶν, τῶν υἱῶν τῆς ἐκκλησίας.
ou memnēntai de hoti »idou hē parthenos en gastri hexei kai texetai huion kai kalesousi to onoma autou Emmanouēl«; to de kalesousi sēmainei ton tropon tōn hagiōn kai pistōn, tōn huiōn tēs ekklēsias.
And they do not remember that “behold, the virgin will conceive and bear a son, and they will call his name Emmanuel”; and “they will call” signifies the manner of the saints and faithful, the children of the church.
Isa 7:14 (quotation, high confidence) · Matt 1:23 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: “They will call” refers to the faithful.
Topics: Christology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 116.2 (Holl GCS 25:143; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-116-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
116.3Holl GCS 25:143–144
ἐξετα- ζόμενοι γὰρ ὑπὸ τῶν κυριοκτόνων Ἰουδαίων περὶ τοῦ σωτῆρος ὅτι πῶς εἰς τὸν σταυρωθέντα ⟨πιστεύετε⟩ ὁμολογοῦσιν * ἀκούουσι χαρὰ τῶν αὐτῶν πιστῶν ὅτι παρʼ ὑμῖν ἐσταύρωται, μεθʼ ἡμῶν δὲ θεός ἐστι.
exeta- zomenoi gar hypo tōn kyrioktonōn Ioudaiōn peri tou sōtēros hoti pōs eis ton staurōthenta ⟨pisteuete⟩ homologousin * akouousi chara tōn autōn pistōn hoti parʼ hymin estaurōtai, methʼ hēmōn de theos esti.
For being examined by the Lord-killing Jews about the Savior, “How do ⟨you believe⟩ in the crucified one?”, they confess *, and they hear from the same faithful that “by you he was crucified, but with us he is God.”
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Notes and citation
Summary: The faithful confess the crucified as “God with us.”
- The asterisk marks a gap in the edition. “Lord-killing” (κυριοκτόνοι) is Epiphanius's polemical term, translated as written. χαρά is read as παρά.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR: χ for π): γὰρ ὑχὸ τῶν → γὰρ ὑπὸ τῶν.
Topics: Christology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 116.3 (Holl GCS 25:143–144; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-116-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
116.4Holl GCS 25:144
τοῦ δὲ Δαυὶδ οὐκ ἤκουσαν καὶ οὐκ ἔγνωσαν αὐτοῦ τὸν λόγον, ὃν ὁρῶν ἐν ἁγίῳ πνεύματι ἔλεγε, φρίττων τὴν αὐτοῦ τοῦ κυρίου μέλλουσαν ἔσεσθαι οἰκονομίαν, λέγων »εἶπεν ὁ κύριος τῷ κυρίῳ μου, κάθου ἐκ δεξιῶν μου« καὶ τὰ ἐξῆς.
tou de Dauid ouk ēkousan kai ouk egnōsan autou ton logon, hon horōn en hagiǭ pneumati elege, phrittōn tēn autou tou kyriou mellousan esesthai oikonomian, legōn »eipen ho kyrios tǭ kyriǭ mou, kathou ek dexiōn mou« kai ta exēs.
And they did not hear David nor know his word, which he spoke seeing in the Holy Spirit, shuddering at the dispensation that the Lord himself would carry out, saying, “The Lord said to my Lord, Sit at my right hand,” and so on.
Ps 110:1 (109:1 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: David foresaw the Lord at God's right hand.
Topics: Christology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 116.4 (Holl GCS 25:144; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-116-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
116.5Holl GCS 25:144
Σάββατα τοίνυν τὰ ἀρχαῖα παρελήλυθε«, σάββατον δὲ ἀληθινὸς παρʼ ἡμῖν κηρύττεται. ἤργησε δὲ ἡ πρώτη περιτομὴ ἓν μέλος σμικρότατον περιτέμνουσα, ἐνεργεῖ δὲ εὖ μάλα ἡ ἐπουράνιος περιτομὴ ὅλον τὸ σῶμα περιτέμνουσα.
Sabbata toinyn ta archaia parelēlythe«, sabbaton de alēthinos parʼ hēmin kēryttetai. ērgēse de hē prōtē peritomē hen melos smikrotaton peritemnousa, energei de eu mala hē epouranios peritomē holon to sōma peritemnousa.
So “the old sabbaths have passed away,” and a true sabbath is proclaimed among us. The first circumcision, circumcising one very small member, has ceased; but the heavenly circumcision, circumcising the whole body, is most effective.
2 Cor 5:17 (allusion, medium confidence) · Col 2:11 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The true sabbath and the heavenly circumcision.
- The first phrase echoes 2 Cor 5:17.
Topics: Baptism
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 116.5 (Holl GCS 25:144; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-116-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
116.6Holl GCS 25:144
τὰ γὰρ ὕδατα καὶ ἡ ἁγία ἐπίκλησις οὐχ ἐν ἑνὶ μέλει τοῦ ἀνθρώπου γίνεται, ἀλλʼ ἀλλʼ τὸ σῶμα τοῦ ἀνθρώπου σφραγίζει καθαροποιεῖ περιτέμνει, πάντων τῶν κακῶν ἀπαλλάττει. ἡ γοῦν ἀγία ἐκκλησία παρέλαβε ταῦτα τὰ μυστήρια.
ta gar hydata kai hē hagia epiklēsis ouch en heni melei tou anthrōpou ginetai, allʼ allʼ to sōma tou anthrōpou sphragizei katharopoiei peritemnei, pantōn tōn kakōn apallattei. hē goun agia ekklēsia parelabe tauta ta mystēria.
For the waters and the holy invocation do not take place in one member of the man, but seal, purify, and circumcise the whole body of the man, freeing him from all evils. So the holy church has received these mysteries.
Notes and citation
Summary: Baptism circumcises the whole person.
- ἀλλʼ is doubled in the digital text, apparently for ὅλον (“whole”).
Topics: Baptism
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 116.6 (Holl GCS 25:144; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-116-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
116.7Holl GCS 25:144
ἐπανέστησαν δὲ αὐτῇ καὶ δεινοὶ »ἐχθροί, οἰκειακοί‘ λεγόμενοι, μὴ ὄντες δὲ ἐκ τῆς τῶν ἀποστόλων τοῦ κυρίου ἀληθοῦς πίστεως εἰ γὰρ ἦσαν ἐξ αὐτῶν, μεμενήκεσαν ἂν μετʼ αὐτῶν‘)·
epanestēsan de autę̄ kai deinoi »echthroi, oikeiakoi‘ legomenoi, mē ontes de ek tēs tōn apostolōn tou kyriou alēthous pisteōs ei gar ēsan ex autōn, memenēkesan an metʼ autōn‘);
And fierce “enemies,” called “of her own household,” rose against her, not being of the true faith of the Lord's apostles (“for if they had been of them, they would have remained with them”);
Matt 10:36 (allusion, high confidence) · 1 John 2:19 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Heretics arose within the church.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR: accent): έπανέστησαν → ἐπανέστησαν.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 116.7 (Holl GCS 25:144; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-116-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
116.8Holl GCS 25:144
ἀλλὰ νόθοι ὄντες καὶ σύμμικτοι ἐπιθυμίαν κακὴν τῆς διʼ ἰχθύων καὶ σικυῶν Αἰγυπτίων ἐδωδῆς πάλιν ἐπιθυμοῦσι, βλασφημοῦντες ἄνω καὶ κάτω τὸν υἱὸν τοῦ θεοῦ, Ἀρειομανῖται, οὓς ἤδη ἐν τοῖς πρὸ τούτου λόγοις ἐστηλιτεύσαμεν, ἄλλοι δὲ Σαβέλλιοι.
alla nothoi ontes kai symmiktoi epithymian kakēn tēs diʼ ichthyōn kai sikyōn Aigyptiōn edōdēs palin epithymousi, blasphēmountes anō kai katō ton huion tou theou, Areiomanitai, hous ēdē en tois pro toutou logois estēliteusamen, alloi de Sabellioi.
but, being bastards and mixed, they again desire with evil desire the Egyptian food of fish and cucumbers, blaspheming the Son of God up and down: the Ariomaniacs, whom we have already exposed in the preceding discourses, and others, the Sabellians.
Num 11:5 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Arians and Sabellians long for Egypt.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 116.8 (Holl GCS 25:144; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-116-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
116.9Holl GCS 25:144
καὶ οἱ μὲν Σαβέλλιοι τέλεον ἀρνοῦνται τὸ εἶναι τὸν] υἱὸν καὶ ἅγιον πνεῦμα, λέγοντες ὅτι ὁ υἱὸς ἐστιν ὁ πατὴρ καὶ ὁ πατὴρ αὐτός ἐστιν ὁ υἱὸς καὶ τὸ ἅγιον πνεῦμα αὐτός ἐστιν ὁ πατήρ, ὡς μὴ εἶναι υἱὸν καὶ ἅγιον πνεῦμα, δεύτεροι Ἰουδαῖοι καὶ κυριοκτόνοι ἀπελεγχόμενοι.
kai hoi men Sabellioi teleon arnountai to einai ton] huion kai hagion pneuma, legontes hoti ho huios estin ho patēr kai ho patēr autos estin ho huios kai to hagion pneuma autos estin ho patēr, hōs mē einai huion kai hagion pneuma, deuteroi Ioudaioi kai kyrioktonoi apelenchomenoi.
And the Sabellians completely deny that the Son and the Holy Spirit exist, saying that the Son is the Father and the Father himself is the Son and the Holy Spirit himself is the Father, so that there is no Son and Holy Spirit; they are proved to be second Jews and Lord-killers.
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Notes and citation
Summary: The Sabellians deny distinct Son and Spirit.
- The editor deletes τόν. The polemical comparison is Epiphanius's.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 116.9 (Holl GCS 25:144; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-116-9). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
116.10Holl GCS 25:144
Ἀρειομανῖται δὲ οἱ πάντων ἀσεβέστατοι, οἱ τὸν υἰὸν ἀπὸ τῆς πατρῴας οὐσίας διαιρεῖν καὶ ἀπαλλοτριοῦν τολμῶντες, οὐκ ἀξιοῦσι τὸν υἱὸν ὁμότιμον εἶναι τῷ πατρὶ οὐδὲ ἐκ τῆς οὐσίας τοῦ πατρὸς αὐτὸν γεγεννῆσθαι.
Areiomanitai de hoi pantōn asebestatoi, hoi ton uion apo tēs patrǭas ousias diairein kai apallotrioun tolmōntes, ouk axiousi ton huion homotimon einai tǭ patri oude ek tēs ousias tou patros auton gegennēsthai.
And the Ariomaniacs, the most impious of all, who dare to divide the Son from the Father's substance and estrange him, do not think the Son worthy to be of equal honor with the Father nor to have been begotten from the Father's substance.
Notes and citation
Summary: The Arians separate the Son from the Father's substance.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 116.10 (Holl GCS 25:144; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-116-10). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
116.11Holl GCS 25:144–145
ἄλλοι δὲ τούτων ἔκγονοι, οἱ πρὸ τούτου μετὰ τῶν ἄλλων τῶν προταχθέντων· Με κατὰ Ἰουδαίους αὑτοὺς ἀπηρίθμουν τοὺς βλασφημοῦντας τὸ ἅγιον πνεῦμα, δεύτεροι Σαδδουκαῖοι καὶ Σαμαρεῖται καὶ ἔγνωστοι νεκροὶ καὶ ἄπιστοι.
alloi de toutōn ekgonoi, hoi pro toutou meta tōn allōn tōn protachthentōn; Me kata Ioudaious hautous apērithmoun tous blasphēmountas to hagion pneuma, deuteroi Saddoukaioi kai Samareitai kai egnōstoi nekroi kai apistoi.
And others are their offspring, those mentioned before with the others set out earlier: ⟨whom⟩ I counted with the Jews, those who blaspheme the Holy Spirit, second Sadducees and Samaritans, and dead and faithless ⟨unknowers⟩.
Notes and citation
Summary: The Pneumatomachi are the Arians' offspring.
- Με is a digital slip; ἔγνωστοι is unclear. Translated by sense.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 116.11 (Holl GCS 25:144–145; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-116-11). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Chapter 117
117.1Holl GCS 25:145
117. Ἵνα δὲ μὴ »διὰ μέλανος καὶ χάρτου« τὰς κατὰ τούτων μαρ- τυρίας διὰ πολλοῦ ποιησώμεθα, εἰς τὸ μὴ περικακεῖν τοὺς ἀναγινώσκοντας, ἀρκέσουσιν αὐτοῖς Σαβελλιανοῖς μὲν μετὰ τῶν ἄλλων μαρτυ- ριῶν ἡ μαρτυρία τοῦ Ἰορδάνου, ὡς ἤδη εἶπον.
117. Hina de mē »dia melanos kai chartou« tas kata toutōn mar- tyrias dia pollou poiēsōmetha, eis to mē perikakein tous anaginōskontas, arkesousin autois Sabellianois men meta tōn allōn marty- riōn hē martyria tou Iordanou, hōs ēdē eipon.
But so as not to set out the testimonies against these at length “with ink and paper,” so as not to weary the readers, the testimony of the Jordan, as I already said, with the other testimonies, will suffice for the Sabellians.
2 John 1:12 (allusion, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The baptism in the Jordan refutes the Sabellians.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 117.1 (Holl GCS 25:145; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-117-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
117.2Holl GCS 25:145
υἱὸς γὰρ ἐν Ἰορδάνῃ ἀληθῶς παραγίνεται, θεὸς ἄνθρωπος γεγονώς, οὐ τροπὴν ὑποστὰς ἀλλὰ σάρκα λαβών, οὐ διὰ σπέρματος ἀνδρὸς ἀλλʼ ἀπὸ τῆς ἁγίας παρθένου σῶμα ἀνειληφὼς διʼ ἁγίου πνεύματος συλληφθέν, σῶμα τέλειον τουτέστιν ἄνθρωπον τέλειον ψυχῇ καὶ σώματι.
huios gar en Iordanę̄ alēthōs paraginetai, theos anthrōpos gegonōs, ou tropēn hypostas alla sarka labōn, ou dia spermatos andros allʼ apo tēs hagias parthenou sōma aneilēphōs diʼ hagiou pneumatos syllēphthen, sōma teleion toutestin anthrōpon teleion psychę̄ kai sōmati.
For the Son truly comes to the Jordan, God become man, not having undergone change but having taken flesh, not through the seed of a man but having taken a body from the holy virgin, conceived through the Holy Spirit, a perfect body, that is, a perfect man in soul and body.
Notes and citation
Summary: At the Jordan the incarnate Son is present.
Topics: Christology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 117.2 (Holl GCS 25:145; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-117-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
117.3Holl GCS 25:145
γέγονεν οὐν ὁ θεὸς καὶ ἄνθρωπος πρὸς Ἰωάννην έν τῷ Ἰορδάνῃ, εἷς ὤν ὁ αὐτὸς υἱὸς καὶ Χριστὸς καὶ κύριος· πατὴρ δὲ ἄνωθεν βοᾷ, μαρτυρῶν τῷ υἰῷ τῷ ἐν τῷ Ἰορδάνῃ γεγονότι »οὑτός ἐστιν ὁ υἱός μου ὁ ἀγαπητός«·
gegonen oun ho theos kai anthrōpos pros Iōannēn en tǭ Iordanę̄, heis ōn ho autos huios kai Christos kai kyrios; patēr de anōthen boą, martyrōn tǭ uiǭ tǭ en tǭ Iordanę̄ gegonoti »houtos estin ho huios mou ho agapētos«;
So God and man came to John at the Jordan, being one and the same Son and Christ and Lord; and the Father cries from above, bearing witness to the Son who came to the Jordan, “This is my beloved Son”;
Matt 3:17 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The Father bears witness to the Son.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR: extra letter): ὁ ἀυγαπητός → ὁ ἀγαπητός.
Topics: Trinity
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 117.3 (Holl GCS 25:145; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-117-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
117.4Holl GCS 25:145
τὸ δὲ ἅγιον πνεῦμα ἐν εἴδει περιστερᾶς κατέβαινεν ἐπʼ αὐτὸν εἰς τὰ ὕδατα κατεληλυθότα, ἵνα καθαρὰ αὐτὰ ἀποδείξῃ ἕνεκεν τῶν μελλόντων εἰς ὄνομα πατρὸς καὶ υἱοῦ καἱ ἁγίου πνεύματος βαπτίζεσθαι.
to de hagion pneuma en eidei peristeras katebainen epʼ auton eis ta hydata katelēlythota, hina kathara auta apodeixę̄ heneken tōn mellontōn eis onoma patros kai huiou kai hagiou pneumatos baptizesthai.
and the Holy Spirit descended in the form of a dove upon him as he came down into the waters, to make them pure for those who were to be baptized in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit.
Matt 3:16 (allusion, high confidence) · Matt 28:19 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The Spirit descends to purify the waters of baptism.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR: λ for μ): τῶν λελλόντων → τῶν μελλόντων.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 117.4 (Holl GCS 25:145; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-117-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
117.5Holl GCS 25:145
τοῖς δὲ Ἀρειανοῖς μετὰ τῶν προλεχθεισῶν ἀρκέσει τὸ εἰπεῖν τὸν υἱόν »ἐγὼ ἐν τῷ πατρὶ καὶ ὁ πατὴρ έν ἐμοί«· ἰσότητα γὰρ ἐνταῦθα υἱοῦ πρὸς πατέρα ἀπέδειξε καὶ γνησιότητα.
tois de Areianois meta tōn prolechtheisōn arkesei to eipein ton huion »egō en tǭ patri kai ho patēr en emoi«; isotēta gar entautha huiou pros patera apedeixe kai gnēsiotēta.
And for the Arians, with those mentioned before, it will suffice that the Son said, “I am in the Father and the Father in me”; for here he showed the Son's equality with the Father and his genuine sonship.
John 14:10 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: John 14:10 refutes the Arians.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 117.5 (Holl GCS 25:145; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-117-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
117.6Holl GCS 25:145
τοῖς δὲ ἐκγόνοις τῶν Ἀρειανῶν τοῖς τὸ ἅγιον πνεῦμα. βλασφημοῦσιν ἀρκέσουσι δύο μαρτυρίαι αἱ ἤδη προτεταγμέναι μετὰ τῶν ἄλλων μαρτυριῶν, μία μὲν ἀπὸ τοῦ Δανιὴλ οὕτως ἔχουσα· ἐν τῇ καμίνῳ τοῦ πυρὸς Σεδρὰχ
tois de ekgonois tōn Areianōn tois to hagion pneuma. blasphēmousin arkesousi dyo martyriai hai ēdē protetagmenai meta tōn allōn martyriōn, mia men apo tou Daniēl houtōs echousa; en tę̄ kaminǭ tou pyros Sedrach
And for the offspring of the Arians, who blaspheme the Holy Spirit, two testimonies already set out will suffice, with the other testimonies: one from Daniel, as follows: in the furnace of fire Shadrach,
Dan 3:23 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Two testimonies against the Pneumatomachi.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 117.6 (Holl GCS 25:145; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-117-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
117.7Holl GCS 25:145
Μισὰκ Ἀβδεναγὼ αἰνοῦντες τὸν θεὸν συμπεριλαμβάνουσι μεθʼ ἑαυτῶν τὴν πᾶσαν τοῦ θεοῦ κτίσιν καὶ λέγουσιν »εὐλογεῖτε πάντα τὰ ἔργα κυρίου τὸν κύριον«· καὶ ἠρίθμησαν οὐρανοὺς καὶ ἀγγέλους καὶ σελή- νην καὶ ἥλιον καὶ δυνάμεις, γῆν τε καὶ θάλασσαν καὶ πάντα τὰ ἐν αὐτοῖς, καὶ οὐδαμοῦ υἱὸν καὶ ἅγιον πνεῦμα συνηρίθμησαν ταῖς κτίσεσι. τὰ Σεραφὶμ δὲ ἁγιάζει τριάδα ἴσως, οὐχ ἅπαξ οὐ δὶς οὐ τέταρτον, ἀλλὰ τρὶς τὸ ἅγιος λέγοντα.
Misak Abdenagō ainountes ton theon symperilambanousi methʼ heautōn tēn pasan tou theou ktisin kai legousin »eulogeite panta ta erga kyriou ton kyrion«; kai ērithmēsan ouranous kai angelous kai selē- nēn kai hēlion kai dynameis, gēn te kai thalassan kai panta ta en autois, kai oudamou huion kai hagion pneuma synērithmēsan tais ktisesi. ta Seraphim de hagiazei triada isōs, ouch hapax ou dis ou tetarton, alla tris to hagios legonta.
Meshach, Abednego, praising God, include with themselves the whole creation of God and say, “Bless the Lord, all you works of the Lord”; and they enumerated heavens and angels and moon and sun and powers, earth and sea and all in them, and nowhere did they count the Son and the Holy Spirit among the creatures. And the Seraphim hallow the Trinity equally, saying “holy” not once, not twice, not four times, but three times.
Isa 6:3 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The Song of the Three and the Seraphim.
Extrabiblical texts: Pr Azar 35 (Prayer of Azariah and Song of the Three Young Men [in RC, EO, ETH canons]; quotation)
Topics: Trinity
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 117.7 (Holl GCS 25:145; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-117-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Chapter 118
118.1Holl GCS 25:145
118. ἐλεγξάτω δὲ πάλιν τούτους Πέτρος, ἐπιτιμῶν τοῖς περὶ Ἀνανίαν καὶ λέγων »ἐπειράσατε τὸ ἅγιον πνεῦμα«·
118. elenxatō de palin toutous Petros, epitimōn tois peri Ananian kai legōn »epeirasate to hagion pneuma«;
And let Peter again refute these, rebuking Ananias and his wife and saying, “You tested the Holy Spirit”;
Acts 5:9 (quotation, medium confidence) · Acts 5:3 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Peter's rebuke of Ananias.
Topics: Trinity
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 118.1 (Holl GCS 25:145; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-118-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
118.2Holl GCS 25:145–146
καί φησιν »οὐκ ἐψεύσασθε ἀνθρώπῳ, ἀλλὰ τῷ θεῷ( ὁ δὲ ἀπόστολος οἶδεν, ὡς καὶ πολλάκις εἴπομεν, τὸ πνεῦμα μὴ ἀλλότρίον εἰναι τοῦ θεοῦ λέγων »ἐρευνᾷ καὶ τὰ βάθη τοῦ θεοῦ«· τὸ δὲ μὴ ὂν ἐκ τῆς οὐσίας τοῦ θεοῦ ἀδύνατόν ἐστι τὰ βάθη τοῦ θεοῦ ἐρευνᾶν.
kai phēsin »ouk epseusasthe anthrōpǭ, alla tǭ theǭ( ho de apostolos oiden, hōs kai pollakis eipomen, to pneuma mē allotrion einai tou theou legōn »ereuną kai ta bathē tou theou«; to de mē on ek tēs ousias tou theou adynaton esti ta bathē tou theou ereunan.
and he says, “You have not lied to man but to God.” And the apostle knows, as we have often said, that the Spirit is not foreign to God, saying, “He searches even the depths of God”; and what is not from the substance of God cannot search the depths of God.
Acts 5:4 (quotation, high confidence) · 1 Cor 2:10 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The Spirit searches God's depths, so he is of God's substance.
Topics: Trinity
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 118.2 (Holl GCS 25:145–146; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-118-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
118.3Holl GCS 25:146
ἡμεῖς δὲ οἴδαμεν πατέρα πατέρα, υἱὸν υἱόν, ἅγιον πνεῦμα ἅγιον πνεῦμα, τριάδα ἐν ἑνότητι. μία γὰρ ἐνότης ἐστὶ πατρὸς καὶ υἱοῦ καὶ ἁγίου πνεύματος, μία οὐσία μία κυριότης ἓν θέλημα μία ἐκκλησία ἓν βάπτισμα μία πίστις.
hēmeis de oidamen patera patera, huion huion, hagion pneuma hagion pneuma, triada en henotēti. mia gar enotēs esti patros kai huiou kai hagiou pneumatos, mia ousia mia kyriotēs hen thelēma mia ekklēsia hen baptisma mia pistis.
But we know the Father as Father, the Son as Son, the Holy Spirit as Holy Spirit, a Trinity in unity. For there is one unity of Father and Son and Holy Spirit, one substance, one lordship, one will, one church, one baptism, one faith.
Eph 4:5 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: One Trinity, one church, one baptism, one faith.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR: ἐν for ἕν): μία ἐκκλησία ἐν βάπτισμα → μία ἐκκλησία ἓν βάπτισμα.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 118.3 (Holl GCS 25:146; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-118-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
118.4Holl GCS 25:146
καὶ παυσάσθωσαν οἱ κατὰ τῆς ἁγίας παρθένου τοῦ Χριστοῦ καὶ νύμφης ἁγνῆς, τουτέστι τῆς μητρὸς ἡμῶν τῆς ἁγίας ἐκκλησίας *.
kai pausasthōsan hoi kata tēs hagias parthenou tou Christou kai nymphēs hagnēs, toutesti tēs mētros hēmōn tēs hagias ekklēsias *.
And let those cease who are against the holy virgin of Christ and pure bride, that is, our mother, the holy church *.
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
2 Cor 11:2 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Let those who attack the church cease.
- The asterisk marks a gap in the edition.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 118.4 (Holl GCS 25:146; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-118-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
118.5Holl GCS 25:146
παρέλαβον γὰρ οἱ ταύτης παῖδες παρὰ ἁγίων πατέρων τουτέστι τῶν ἁγίων ἀποστόλων πίστιν φυλάττειν, ἅμα δὲ καὶ τοῖς ἑαυτῶν τέκνοις παραδιδόναι τε καὶ ἀπαγγέλλειν.
parelabon gar hoi tautēs paides para hagiōn paterōn toutesti tōn hagiōn apostolōn pistin phylattein, hama de kai tois heautōn teknois paradidonai te kai apangellein.
For her children received from holy fathers, that is, the holy apostles, the faith to keep, and at the same time to hand it on and proclaim it to their own children.
Notes and citation
Summary: The faith is received from the apostles and handed on.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 118.5 (Holl GCS 25:146; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-118-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
118.6Holl GCS 25:146
ἐξ ὡν καὶ αὐτοὶ υἱοὶ ὑπάρχετε, τιμιώτατοι ἀδελφοί, καὶ τοῖς ἑαυτῶν τέκνοις ταύτην τὴν διδασκαλίαν παραδιδόατε.
ex hōn kai autoi huioi hyparchete, timiōtatoi adelphoi, kai tois heautōn teknois tautēn tēn didaskalian paradidoate.
Of these you too are children, most honored brothers, and you hand on this teaching to your own children.
Notes and citation
Summary: The addressees hand on the apostolic teaching.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 118.6 (Holl GCS 25:146; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-118-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
118.7Holl GCS 25:146
Ταῦτα οὕτως λέγοντες καὶ τὰ τούτοις ὄμοια ἀπὸ τῶν θείων γραφῶν * βεβαιῶσαι αὑτούς τε καὶ τοὺς ἀκούοντας ὑμῶν, διδάσκοντες ὁδοποιοῦντες κατηχοῦντες μὴ διαλείπητε οἱ πιστοὶ καὶ ὀρθόδοξοι ταύτην τὴν ἁγίαν πίστιν τῆς καθολικῆς ἐκκλησίας, ὡς παρέλαβεν ἡ ἁγία καὶ μόνη παρθένος τοῦ θεοῦ ἀπὸ τῶν ἁγίων ἀποστόλων τοῦ κυρίου, φυλάττειν.
Tauta houtōs legontes kai ta toutois omoia apo tōn theiōn graphōn * bebaiōsai hautous te kai tous akouontas hymōn, didaskontes hodopoiountes katēchountes mē dialeipēte hoi pistoi kai orthodoxoi tautēn tēn hagian pistin tēs katholikēs ekklēsias, hōs parelaben hē hagia kai monē parthenos tou theou apo tōn hagiōn apostolōn tou kyriou, phylattein.
Saying these things so, and things like them from the divine Scriptures, * to confirm yourselves and your hearers, teaching, guiding, instructing, do not cease, you faithful and orthodox, to keep this holy faith of the catholic church, as the holy and only virgin of God received it from the holy apostles of the Lord.
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Notes and citation
Summary: Keep the faith received from the apostles.
- The asterisk marks a gap in the edition.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 118.7 (Holl GCS 25:146; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-118-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
118.8Holl GCS 25:146
καὶ οὕτως ἕκαστον τῶν κατηχουμένων τῶν μελλόντων τῷ ἁγίῳ λουτρῷ προσιέναι οὐ μόνον ἀπαγγέλλειν ὀφείλετε † τὸ πιστεύειν τοῖς ἐαυτῶν υἱοῖς ἐν κυρίῳ, ἀλλὰ καὶ διδάσκειν ῥητῶς, ὡς πάντων ἡ αὐτὴ μήτηρ ὑμῶν τε καὶ ἡμῶν, τὸ λέγειν·
kai houtōs hekaston tōn katēchoumenōn tōn mellontōn tǭ hagiǭ loutrǭ prosienai ou monon apangellein opheilete † to pisteuein tois eautōn huiois en kyriǭ, alla kai didaskein rhētōs, hōs pantōn hē autē mētēr hymōn te kai hēmōn, to legein;
And so you ought not only to announce † the believing to each of the catechumens who are about to approach the holy washing, to your own sons in the Lord, but also to teach them explicitly, as the same mother of all, yours and ours, to say:
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Notes and citation
Summary: Catechumens are to be taught the creed word for word.
- The dagger marks a corrupt word.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR): ἀπαγγίελλιν → ἀπαγγέλλειν.
Topics: Baptism
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 118.8 (Holl GCS 25:146; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-118-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
118.9Holl GCS 25:146
Πιστεύομεν εἰς ἕνα θεὸν πατέρα παντοκράτορα, ποιητὴν οὐρανοῦ τε καὶ γῆς, ὁρατῶν τε πάντων καὶ ἀοράτων.
Pisteuomen eis hena theon patera pantokratora, poiētēn ouranou te kai gēs, horatōn te pantōn kai aoratōn.
We believe in one God, the Father Almighty, maker of heaven and earth, and of all things visible and invisible.
Notes and citation
Summary: The creed: first article, on the Father.
- 118.9–13 give the baptismal creed in a form very close to the creed later associated with the Council of Constantinople (381), with the Nicene anathemas. It is translated formally and literally. Scholars debate whether this text stood in the Ancoratus originally (374) or was later adjusted; the edition prints it here.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 118.9 (Holl GCS 25:146; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-118-9). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
118.10Holl GCS 25:146–147
καὶ εἰς ἕνα κύριον Ἰησοῦν Χριστόν, τὸν υἱὸν τοῦ θεοῦ τὸν μονογενῆ, τὸν ἐκ τοῦ πατρὸς γεννηθέντα πρὸ πάντων τῶν αἰώνων, τουτέστιν ἐκ τῆς οὐσίας τοῦ πατρός, φῶς ἐκ φωτός, θεὸν ἀληθινὸν ἐκ θεοῦ ἀληθινοῦ, γεννηθέντα οὐ ποιηθέντα, ὁμοούσιον τῷ πατρί, διʼ οὗ τὰ πάντα ἐγένετο, τά τε ἐν τοῖς οὐρανοῖς καὶ τὰ ἐν τῇ γῇ· τὸν διʼ ἡμᾶς τοὺς ἀνθρώπους καὶ διὰ τὴν ἡμετέραν σωτηρίαν κατελθόντα ἐκ τῶν οὐρανῶν καὶ σαρκωθέντα ἐκ πνεύματος ἁγίου καὶ Μαρίας τῆς παρθένου καὶ ἐνανθρωπήσαντα, σταυρωθέντα τε ὑπὲρ ἡμῶν ἐπὶ Ποντίου Πιλάτου καὶ παθόντα καὶ ταφέντα, καὶ ἀναστάντα τῇ τρίτῃ ἡμέρᾳ κατὰ τὰς γραφὰς καὶ ἀνελθόντα εἰς τοὺς οὐρανοῦς καὶ καθεζόμενον ἐκ δεξιῶν τοῦ πατρός, καὶ πάλιν ἐρχόμενον μετὰ δόξης κρῖναι ζῶντας καὶ νεκρούς, οὗ τῆς βασιλείας οὐκ ἔσται τέλος.
kai eis hena kyrion Iēsoun Christon, ton huion tou theou ton monogenē, ton ek tou patros gennēthenta pro pantōn tōn aiōnōn, toutestin ek tēs ousias tou patros, phōs ek phōtos, theon alēthinon ek theou alēthinou, gennēthenta ou poiēthenta, homoousion tǭ patri, diʼ hou ta panta egeneto, ta te en tois ouranois kai ta en tę̄ gę̄; ton diʼ hēmas tous anthrōpous kai dia tēn hēmeteran sōtērian katelthonta ek tōn ouranōn kai sarkōthenta ek pneumatos hagiou kai Marias tēs parthenou kai enanthrōpēsanta, staurōthenta te hyper hēmōn epi Pontiou Pilatou kai pathonta kai taphenta, kai anastanta tę̄ tritę̄ hēmerą kata tas graphas kai anelthonta eis tous ouranous kai kathezomenon ek dexiōn tou patros, kai palin erchomenon meta doxēs krinai zōntas kai nekrous, hou tēs basileias ouk estai telos.
And in one Lord Jesus Christ, the only-begotten Son of God, begotten of the Father before all ages, that is, of the substance of the Father, light of light, true God of true God, begotten, not made, consubstantial with the Father, through whom all things were made, both those in heaven and those on earth; who for us men and for our salvation came down from heaven and was incarnate of the Holy Spirit and the virgin Mary, and became man, and was crucified for us under Pontius Pilate, and suffered, and was buried, and rose again on the third day according to the Scriptures, and ascended into heaven, and sits at the right hand of the Father, and will come again with glory to judge the living and the dead, of whose kingdom there will be no end.
Luke 1:33 (quotation, high confidence) · 1 Cor 15:4 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The creed: second article, on the Son.
- “Consubstantial” renders ὁμοούσιος; “of the substance (οὐσία) of the Father” is the Nicene phrase.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR: breathing): ὀμοούσιον τῷ πατρί → ὁμοούσιον τῷ πατρί.
Topics: Christology, Trinity
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 118.10 (Holl GCS 25:146–147; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-118-10). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
118.11Holl GCS 25:147
καὶ εἰς τὸ πνεῦμα τὸ ἅγιον, τὸ κύριον καὶ ζωοποιόν, τὸ ἐκ τοῦ πατρὸς ἐκπορευόμενον, τὸ σὺν πατρὶ καὶ υἱῷ συμπροσκυνούμενον καὶ συνδοξαζόμενον, τὸ λαλῆσαν διὰ τῶν προφητῶν· εἰς μίαν ἁγίαν καθολικὴν καὶ ἀποστολικὴν ἐκκλησίαν·
kai eis to pneuma to hagion, to kyrion kai zōopoion, to ek tou patros ekporeuomenon, to syn patri kai huiǭ symproskynoumenon kai syndoxazomenon, to lalēsan dia tōn prophētōn; eis mian hagian katholikēn kai apostolikēn ekklēsian;
And in the Holy Spirit, the Lord and giver of life, who proceeds from the Father, who with the Father and the Son is worshiped together and glorified together, who spoke through the prophets; in one holy catholic and apostolic church;
John 15:26 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The creed: third article, on the Spirit and the church.
Topics: Trinity
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 118.11 (Holl GCS 25:147; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-118-11). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
118.12Holl GCS 25:147
ὁμολογοῦμεν ἕν βάπτισμα εἰς ἄφεσιν ἁμαρτιῶν, προσδοκῶμεν ἀνάστασιν νεκρῶν καὶ ζωὴν τοῦ μέλλοντος αἰῶνος. ἀμήν.
homologoumen hen baptisma eis aphesin hamartiōn, prosdokōmen anastasin nekrōn kai zōēn tou mellontos aiōnos. amēn.
we confess one baptism for the forgiveness of sins; we look for the resurrection of the dead and the life of the age to come. Amen.
Notes and citation
Summary: The creed: baptism, resurrection, and the life to come.
Topics: Baptism, Eschatology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 118.12 (Holl GCS 25:147; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-118-12). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
118.13Holl GCS 25:147
τοὺς δὲ λέγοντας ἦν ποτε ὅτε οὐκ ἦν καὶ πρὶν γεννηθῆναι οὐκ ἦν ἢ ὅτι ἐξ οὐκ ὅντων ἐγένετο ἤ ἐξ ἑτέρας ὑποστάσεως ἢ οὐσίας φάσκοντας εἶναι ⟨ἤ⟩ ῥευστὸν ἤ τὸν τοῦ θεοῦ υἱόν, τούτους ἀναθεματίζει ἡ καθολικὴ καὶ ἀποστολικὴ ἐκκλησία.
tous de legontas ēn pote hote ouk ēn kai prin gennēthēnai ouk ēn ē hoti ex ouk hontōn egeneto ē ex heteras hypostaseōs ē ousias phaskontas einai ⟨ē⟩ rheuston ē ton tou theou huion, toutous anathematizei hē katholikē kai apostolikē ekklēsia.
But those who say “there was once when he was not,” and “before he was begotten he was not,” or that he came into being from things that are not, or who assert that the Son of God is of another hypostasis or substance, ⟨or⟩ changeable, or alterable, these the catholic and apostolic church anathematizes.
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Notes and citation
Summary: The Nicene anathemas.
- The anathemas follow the Creed of Nicaea (325); there ὑπόστασις and οὐσία are used as near-equivalents. ῥευστόν (“fluid, changeable”) stands where the Nicene text has τρεπτὸν ἢ ἀλλοιωτόν.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 118.13 (Holl GCS 25:147; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-118-13). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
118.14Holl GCS 25:147
Καὶ αὕτη μὲν ἡ πίστις παρεδόθη ἀπὸ τῶν ἁγίων ἀποστόλων καὶ * ἐν ἐκκλησίᾳ τῇ ἁγίᾳ πόλει ἀπὸ πάντων ὁμοῦ τῶν τότε ἁγίων ἐπισκόπων, ὑπὲρ τριακοσίων ἀριθμόν, τὸν ἀριθμόν.
Kai hautē men hē pistis paredothē apo tōn hagiōn apostolōn kai * en ekklēsią tę̄ hagią polei apo pantōn homou tōn tote hagiōn episkopōn, hyper triakosiōn arithmon, ton arithmon.
And this faith was handed down from the holy apostles and * in the church in the holy city by all the holy bishops of that time together, over three hundred in number.
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Notes and citation
Summary: This faith was handed down by the apostles and the bishops of Nicaea.
- The asterisk marks a gap in the edition; the reference to “over three hundred” bishops points to Nicaea (325), though the text as printed says “in the holy city.” The words “in number” are repeated in the digital text.
Topics: Trinity, Church office
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 118.14 (Holl GCS 25:147; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-118-14). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Chapter 119
119.1Holl GCS 25:147
119. Ἐπειδὴ δὲ ἐν τῇ ἡμετέρᾳ γενεᾷ ἀνέκυψαν ἄλλαι τινὲς αἱρέσεις ἀλλεπάλληλοι, τουτέστιν ἐπὶ χρόνου Οὐαλεντινιανοῦ καὶ Οὐάλεντος τῶν βασιλέων κατὰ τὸ δέκατον αὐτῶν τῆς βασιλείας ἔτος καὶ πάλιν κατὰ τὸ ἕκτον ἔτος Γρατιανοῦ, τουτέστιν ἐν τῷ ἐνενηκοστῷ ἔτει Διοκλητιανοῦ τοῦ τυράννου,
119. Epeidē de en tę̄ hēmeterą geneą anekypsan allai tines haireseis allepallēloi, toutestin epi chronou Oualentinianou kai Oualentos tōn basileōn kata to dekaton autōn tēs basileias etos kai palin kata to hekton etos Gratianou, toutestin en tǭ enenēkostǭ etei Dioklētianou tou tyrannou,
But since in our generation other heresies have sprung up one after another, that is, in the time of the emperors Valentinian and Valens, in the tenth year of their reign, and again in the sixth year of Gratian, that is, in the ninetieth year of Diocletian the tyrant,
Notes and citation
Summary: New heresies have arisen in the present reign.
- The date corresponds to AD 373/374.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 119.1 (Holl GCS 25:147; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-119-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
119.2Holl GCS 25:147–148
τούτου χάριν ὑμεῖς τε καὶ ἡμεῖς καὶ πάντες οἱ ὀρθόδοξοι ἐπίσκοποι καὶ συλλήβδην πᾶσα ἡ ἁγία καθολικὴ ἐκκλησία πρὸς τὰς ἀνακυψάσας αἱρέσεις ἀκολούθως τῇ τῶν ἁγίων ἐκείνων πατέρων προτεταγμένῃ πίστει οὕτως λέγομεν, μάλιστα τοῖς τῷ ἁγίῳ· λουτρῷ προσιοῦσιν, ἵνα ἀπαγγέλλωσι καὶ λεγωσιν ουτως·
toutou charin hymeis te kai hēmeis kai pantes hoi orthodoxoi episkopoi kai syllēbdēn pasa hē hagia katholikē ekklēsia pros tas anakypsasas haireseis akolouthōs tę̄ tōn hagiōn ekeinōn paterōn protetagmenę̄ pistei houtōs legomen, malista tois tǭ hagiǭ; loutrǭ prosiousin, hina apangellōsi kai legōsin outōs;
for this reason you and we and all the orthodox bishops, and in sum the whole holy catholic church, against the heresies that have sprung up, in accordance with the faith of those holy fathers set out above, speak thus, especially to those who approach the holy washing, so that they may proclaim and say thus:
Notes and citation
Summary: An expanded creed is given for the baptized.
- A stray numeral in the digital text is ignored.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR: ο for α; stray numeral): ὀκολούθως → ἀκολούθως; οὕ6τως λέγομεν → οὕτως λέγομεν.
Topics: Baptism
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 119.2 (Holl GCS 25:147–148; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-119-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
119.3Holl GCS 25:148
Πιστεύομεν εἰς ἕνα θεόν, πατέρα παντοκράτορα, πάντων ἀοράτων τε καὶ ὁρατῶν ποιητήν·
Pisteuomen eis hena theon, patera pantokratora, pantōn aoratōn te kai horatōn poiētēn;
We believe in one God, the Father Almighty, maker of all things invisible and visible;
Notes and citation
Summary: The second creed: on the Father.
- 119.3–12 give a longer creed, expanded against the Arians, Apollinarians, and Pneumatomachi; it is translated formally and literally.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 119.3 (Holl GCS 25:148; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-119-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
119.4Holl GCS 25:148
καὶ εἰς ἕνα κύριον Ἰησοῦν Χριστόν, τὸν υἱὸν τοῦ θεοῦ, γεννηθέντα ἐκ θεοῦ πατρὸς μονογενῆ, τουτέστιν ἐκ τῆς οὐσίας τοῦ πατρός, θεὸν ἐκ θεοῦ, φῶς ἐκ φωτός, θεὸν ἀληθινὸν ἐκ θεοῦ ἀληθινοῦ, γεννηθέντα οὐ ποιηθέντα, ὁμοούσιον τῷ πατρί, διʼ οὗ τὰ πάντα ἐγένετο, τά τε ἐν τοῖς οὐρανοῖς καὶ τὰ ἐν τῇ
kai eis hena kyrion Iēsoun Christon, ton huion tou theou, gennēthenta ek theou patros monogenē, toutestin ek tēs ousias tou patros, theon ek theou, phōs ek phōtos, theon alēthinon ek theou alēthinou, gennēthenta ou poiēthenta, homoousion tǭ patri, diʼ hou ta panta egeneto, ta te en tois ouranois kai ta en tę̄
and in one Lord Jesus Christ, the Son of God, begotten of God the Father, only-begotten, that is, of the substance of the Father, God of God, light of light, true God of true God, begotten, not made, consubstantial with the Father, through whom all things were made, both those in heaven and those on
Notes and citation
Summary: The second creed: the Son's eternal generation.
Topics: Christology, Trinity
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 119.4 (Holl GCS 25:148; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-119-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
119.5Holl GCS 25:148
γῇ, ὁρατά τε καὶ ἀόρατα, τὸν διʼ ἡμᾶς τοὺς ἀνθρώπους καὶ διὰ τὴν ἡμετέραν σωτηρίαν κατελθόντα καὶ σαρκωθέντα τουτέστι γεννηθέντα τελείως ἐκ τῆς ἁγίας Μαρίας τῆς ἀειπαρθένου διὰ πνεύματος ἁγίου, ἐνανθρωπήσαντα τουτέστι τέλειον ἄνθρωπον λαβόντα, ψυχὴν καὶ σῶμα καὶ νοῦν καὶ πάντα εἴ τι ἐστὶν ἄνθρωπος χωρὶς ἁμαρτίας·
gę̄, horata te kai aorata, ton diʼ hēmas tous anthrōpous kai dia tēn hēmeteran sōtērian katelthonta kai sarkōthenta toutesti gennēthenta teleiōs ek tēs hagias Marias tēs aeiparthenou dia pneumatos hagiou, enanthrōpēsanta toutesti teleion anthrōpon labonta, psychēn kai sōma kai noun kai panta ei ti estin anthrōpos chōris hamartias;
earth, visible and invisible; who for us men and for our salvation came down and was incarnate, that is, was perfectly born of the holy ever-virgin Mary through the Holy Spirit; became man, that is, took a perfect man, soul and body and mind and all that man is, without sin;
Notes and citation
Summary: The second creed: the incarnation, with a complete humanity.
- The clause on “soul and body and mind” is aimed at the Apollinarians.
Topics: Christology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 119.5 (Holl GCS 25:148; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-119-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
119.6Holl GCS 25:148
οὐκ ἀπὸ σπέρματος ἀνδρὸς οὐδὲ ἐν ἀνθρώπῳ ⟨γεγονότα⟩, ἀλλʼ εἰς ἑαυτὸν σάρκα ἀναπλάσαντα εἰς μίαν ἁγίαν ἑνότητα· οὐ καθάπερ ἐν προφήταις ἐνέπνευσέ τε καὶ ἐλάλησε καὶ ἐνήργησεν, ἀλλὰ τελείως ἐνανθρωπήσαντα·
ouk apo spermatos andros oude en anthrōpǭ ⟨gegonota⟩, allʼ eis heauton sarka anaplasanta eis mian hagian henotēta; ou kathaper en prophētais enepneuse te kai elalēse kai enērgēsen, alla teleiōs enanthrōpēsanta;
not from the seed of a man, nor ⟨having come⟩ in a man, but having formed flesh for himself into one holy unity; not as he breathed and spoke and worked in the prophets, but having become man perfectly;
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Notes and citation
Summary: The Word did not merely indwell a man.
Topics: Christology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 119.6 (Holl GCS 25:148; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-119-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
119.7Holl GCS 25:148
ὁ γὰρ Λόγος σὰρξ ἐγένετο«, οὐ τροπὴν ὑποστὰς οὐδὲ μεταβαλὼν τὴν ἑαυτοῦ θεότητα εἰς ἀνθρωπότητα, εἰς μίαν ⟨δὲ⟩ συνενώσας ἑαυτοῦ * ἁγίαν τελειότητά τε καὶ θεότητα· γάρ ἐστιν κύριος Ἰησοῦς Χριστὸς καὶ οὐ δύο, ὁ αὐτὸς θεός, ὁ αὐτὸς κύριος, ὁ αὐτὸς βασιλεύς·
ho gar Logos sarx egeneto«, ou tropēn hypostas oude metabalōn tēn heautou theotēta eis anthrōpotēta, eis mian ⟨de⟩ synenōsas heautou * hagian teleiotēta te kai theotēta; gar estin kyrios Iēsous Christos kai ou dyo, ho autos theos, ho autos kyrios, ho autos basileus;
for “the Word became flesh,” not having undergone change, nor having converted his own Godhead into humanity, but having united ⟨it⟩ into his one * holy perfection and Godhead; for there is one Lord Jesus Christ and not two, the same God, the same Lord, the same King;
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
John 1:14 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: One Lord Jesus Christ, not two.
- The asterisk marks a gap in the edition; “one” (εἷς) before γάρ seems lost.
Topics: Christology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 119.7 (Holl GCS 25:148; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-119-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
119.8Holl GCS 25:148
παθόντα δὲ τὸν αὐτὸν ἐν σαρκὶ καὶ ἀναστάντα καὶ ἀνελθόντα εἰς τοὺς οὐρανοὺς ἐν αὐτῷ τῷ σώματι, ἐνδόξως καθίσαντα ἐν δεξιᾷ τοῦ πατρός, ἐρχόμενον ἐν αὐτῷ τῷ σώματι ἐν δόξῃ κρῖναι ζῶντας καὶ νεκροὺς· οὑ τῆς βασιλείας οὐκ ἔσται τέλος.
pathonta de ton auton en sarki kai anastanta kai anelthonta eis tous ouranous en autǭ tǭ sōmati, endoxōs kathisanta en dexią tou patros, erchomenon en autǭ tǭ sōmati en doxę̄ krinai zōntas kai nekrous; hou tēs basileias ouk estai telos.
and the same suffered in the flesh, and rose, and ascended into heaven in the same body, sat down gloriously at the right hand of the Father, and is coming in the same body in glory to judge the living and the dead; of whose kingdom there will be no end.
Luke 1:33 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The second creed: passion, resurrection, ascension, and return in the same body.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR: μ for κ): ἐνδόξως μαθίσαντα → ἐνδόξως καθίσαντα.
Topics: Christology, Eschatology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 119.8 (Holl GCS 25:148; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-119-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
119.9Holl GCS 25:148
καὶ εἰς τὸ ἅγιον πνεῦμα τὸ λαλῆσαν ἐν νόμῳ καὶ κηρῦξαν ἐν τοῖς προφήταις, καταβὰν ἐπὶ τὸν Ἰορδάνην, λαλοῦν ἐν ἀποστόλοις, οἰκοῦν ἐν ἁγίοις.
kai eis to hagion pneuma to lalēsan en nomǭ kai kēryxan en tois prophētais, kataban epi ton Iordanēn, laloun en apostolois, oikoun en hagiois.
And in the Holy Spirit, who spoke in the law and preached in the prophets, descended upon the Jordan, speaks in the apostles, dwells in the saints.
Notes and citation
Summary: The second creed: the Spirit's work.
Topics: Trinity
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 119.9 (Holl GCS 25:148; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-119-9). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
119.10Holl GCS 25:148–149
οὕτως δὲ πιστεύομεν ἐν αὐτῷ ὅτι ἐστὶ πνεῦμα ἅγιον πνεῦμα θεοῦ πνεῦμα τέλειον πνεῦμα παράκλητον, ἄκτιστον, ἐκ τοῦ πατρὸς ἐκπορευόμενον καὶ ἐκ τοῦ υἱοῦ λαμβάνον καὶ † πιστευόμενον.
houtōs de pisteuomen en autǭ hoti esti pneuma hagion pneuma theou pneuma teleion pneuma paraklēton, aktiston, ek tou patros ekporeuomenon kai ek tou huiou lambanon kai † pisteuomenon.
And we believe in him thus: that he is the Holy Spirit, the Spirit of God, the perfect Spirit, the Spirit Paraclete, uncreated, proceeding from the Father and receiving from the Son, and † believed.
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
John 15:26 (allusion, high confidence) · John 16:14 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The second creed: the Spirit uncreated, proceeding from the Father.
- The dagger marks a corrupt word.
Topics: Trinity
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 119.10 (Holl GCS 25:148–149; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-119-10). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
119.11Holl GCS 25:149
πιστεύομεν εἰς μίαν καθολικὴν καὶ ἀποστολικὴν ἐκκλησίαν καὶ εἰς ἓν βάπτισμα μετανοίας καὶ εἰς ἀνάστασιν νεκρῶν καὶ κρίσιν δικαίαν ψυχῶν καὶ σωμάτων καὶ εἰς βασιλείαν οὐρανῶν καὶ εἰς ζωὴν αἰώνιον.
pisteuomen eis mian katholikēn kai apostolikēn ekklēsian kai eis hen baptisma metanoias kai eis anastasin nekrōn kai krisin dikaian psychōn kai sōmatōn kai eis basileian ouranōn kai eis zōēn aiōnion.
We believe in one catholic and apostolic church, and in one baptism of repentance, and in the resurrection of the dead and the just judgment of souls and bodies, and in the kingdom of heaven, and in eternal life.
Notes and citation
Summary: The second creed: church, baptism, resurrection, judgment, and life.
Topics: Baptism, Eschatology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 119.11 (Holl GCS 25:149; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-119-11). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
119.12Holl GCS 25:149
τοὺς δὲ λέγοντας ὅτι ἠν ποτε ὅτε οὐκ ἦν ὁ υἱὸς ἢ τὸ πνεῦμα τὸ ἅγιον, ἢ ὅτι ἐξ οὐκ ὄντων ἐγένετο ἢ ἐξ ἑτέρας ὑποστάσεως ἢ οὐσίας φάσκοντας εἶναι ⟨ἤ⟩ ἢ ἀλλοιωτὸν τὸν υἱὸν τοῦ θεοῦ ἢ τὸ ἅγιον πνεῦμα, τούτους ἀναθεματίζει ἡ καθολικὴ καὶ ἀποστολικὴ ἐκκλησία. ι ἡ μήτηρ ὑμῶν τε καὶ ἡμῶν. καὶ πάλιν ἀναθεματίζομεν τοὺς μὴ ὁμολογοῦντας ἀνάστασιν νεκρῶν καὶ πάσας τὰς αἱρέσεις τὰς μὴ ἐκ ταύτης τῆς ὀρθῆς πίστεως οὔσας.
tous de legontas hoti ēn pote hote ouk ēn ho huios ē to pneuma to hagion, ē hoti ex ouk ontōn egeneto ē ex heteras hypostaseōs ē ousias phaskontas einai ⟨ē⟩ ē alloiōton ton huion tou theou ē to hagion pneuma, toutous anathematizei hē katholikē kai apostolikē ekklēsia. i hē mētēr hymōn te kai hēmōn. kai palin anathematizomen tous mē homologountas anastasin nekrōn kai pasas tas haireseis tas mē ek tautēs tēs orthēs pisteōs ousas.
But those who say that there was once when the Son or the Holy Spirit was not, or that he came into being from things that are not, or who assert that the Son of God or the Holy Spirit is of another hypostasis or substance, ⟨or⟩ changeable, or alterable, these the catholic and apostolic church anathematizes, our mother and yours. And again we anathematize those who do not confess the resurrection of the dead, and all the heresies that are not of this right faith.
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Notes and citation
Summary: The anathemas of the second creed.
- A stray letter in the digital text is ignored.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR: ο for α): ἀνόστασιν νεκρῶν → ἀνάστασιν νεκρῶν.
Topics: Trinity, Heresy, Eschatology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 119.12 (Holl GCS 25:149; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-119-12). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
119.13Holl GCS 25:149
Υμῶν δὲ καὶ τῶν ὑμῶν τέκνων, μακαριώτατοι, οὕτω πιστευόντων καὶ τὰς ἐκ ταύτης τῆς πίστεως ἐντολὰς ἐπιτελούντων ἐλπίζομεν ὑπερεύχεσθαι ἡμῶν πάντοτε ἔχειν μερίδα καὶ κλῆρον ἐν τῇ αὐτῇ
Ymōn de kai tōn hymōn teknōn, makariōtatoi, houtō pisteuontōn kai tas ek tautēs tēs pisteōs entolas epitelountōn elpizomen hypereuchesthai hēmōn pantote echein merida kai klēron en tę̄ autę̄
And as you and your children, most blessed ones, believe thus and fulfill the commandments that come from this faith, we hope that you will always pray for us to have a part and lot in the same
Notes and citation
Summary: He asks their prayers.
Topics: Prayer
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 119.13 (Holl GCS 25:149; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-119-13). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
119.14Holl GCS 25:149
πίστει καὶ ἐν τῷ κλήρῳ τῶν αὐτῆς ἐντολῶν. καὶ εὔχεσθε ὑπὲρ ἡμῶν ὑμεῖς τε καὶ πᾶς ὁ οὕτως πιστεύων καὶ τὰς ἐντολὰς τοῦ κυρίου φυλάττων ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ τῷ κυρίῳ ἡμῶν, διʼ οὗ καὶ μεθʼ οὑ δόξα τῷ πατρὶ σὺν ἁγίῳ πνεύματι εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας τῶν αἰώνων. ἀμήν.
pistei kai en tǭ klērǭ tōn autēs entolōn. kai euchesthe hyper hēmōn hymeis te kai pas ho houtōs pisteuōn kai tas entolas tou kyriou phylattōn en Christǭ Iēsou tǭ kyriǭ hēmōn, diʼ hou kai methʼ hou doxa tǭ patri syn hagiǭ pneumati eis tous aiōnas tōn aiōnōn. amēn.
faith and in the lot of its commandments. And pray for us, you and everyone who believes thus and keeps the commandments of the Lord, in Christ Jesus our Lord, through whom and with whom be glory to the Father with the Holy Spirit for ever and ever. Amen.
Notes and citation
Summary: Request for prayer and doxology.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 119.14 (Holl GCS 25:149; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-119-14). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
119.15Holl GCS 25:149
Εως ὡδε, ἀγαπητοὶ ἀδελφοί, ἡ βραχύτης ἡμῶν καὶ ἀσθενὴς τῆς διανοίας δύναμις ἠναγκάσθη φθάσαι, τῆς ὑμῶν καλοκαγαθίας προτρεψαμένης ἡμᾶς εἰ καὶ ἀνικάνους ὑπὲρ τὸ ἑαυτῶν μέτρον παριστᾶν, ὥστε δέεσθαι βοηθείας, ἐπεκτεινομένους· ἀλλὰ πάντα οἶδεν ὁ ἐν οὐρανῷ πιστός.
Eōs hōde, agapētoi adelphoi, hē brachytēs hēmōn kai asthenēs tēs dianoias dynamis ēnankasthē phthasai, tēs hymōn kalokagathias protrepsamenēs hēmas ei kai anikanous hyper to heautōn metron paristan, hōste deesthai boētheias, epekteinomenous; alla panta oiden ho en ouranǭ pistos.
Thus far, beloved brothers, our littleness and the weak power of our mind has been compelled to reach, your goodness having urged us, though incapable, to set things out beyond our own measure, so as to need help, stretching ourselves; but the one who is faithful in heaven knows all things.
2 Cor 10:14 (allusion, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Epiphanius closes, acknowledging his weakness.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR: α for ο): πρατρεψαμένης → προτρεψαμένης.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 119.15 (Holl GCS 25:149; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-119-15). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
119.16Holl GCS 25:149
πλὴν εἰρήνη παντὶ τῷ στοιχοῦντι τῷ κανόνι τούτῳ τῆς ἀληθινῆς καὶ ὀρθοδόξου ταύτης πίστεως καὶ ἐπὶ τὸν Ἰσραὴλ τοῦ θεοῦ. ἀσπάσασθε πάντας τοὺς ἁγίους ἐν κυρίῳ. ἀσπάζονται ὑμᾶς οἱ τοῦ κυρίου δοῦλοι, μάλιστα δὲ ἐγὼ ὁ Ἀνατόλιος ὁ γράψας τοῦτο τὸ βιβλίον τοῦ Ἀγκυρωτοῦ ἐπονομασθέντος λόγου καὶ ἐρρῶσθαι ὑμᾶς ἐν κυρίῳ εὔχομαι.
plēn eirēnē panti tǭ stoichounti tǭ kanoni toutǭ tēs alēthinēs kai orthodoxou tautēs pisteōs kai epi ton Israēl tou theou. aspasasthe pantas tous hagious en kyriǭ. aspazontai hymas hoi tou kyriou douloi, malista de egō ho Anatolios ho grapsas touto to biblion tou Ankyrōtou eponomasthentos logou kai errōsthai hymas en kyriǭ euchomai.
Yet peace to everyone who walks by this rule of this true and orthodox faith, and upon the Israel of God. Greet all the saints in the Lord. The servants of the Lord greet you, and especially I, Anatolius, who wrote this book of the discourse named the Ancoratus; and I pray that you fare well in the Lord.
Gal 6:16 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Closing greetings; the scribe Anatolius.
- Anatolius is the scribe who wrote out the book, not the author.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR: σ for α): ἐπὶ τὸν Ἰσρσὴλ → ἐπὶ τὸν Ἰσραὴλ.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Anc. 119.16 (Holl GCS 25:149; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-ancoratus/109-1/#p-119-16). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915); no public-domain English translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.