1 Samuel 15 in the early church
[LXX: 1 Kingdoms; Vulgate: 1 Kings]
91 passages quote, allude to, or echo 1 Samuel 15, grouped by verse; passages on the same verse are in date order. Verse text from the Berean Standard Bible (public domain). References use the Protestant English Bible's numbering, with a writer's own numbering in brackets where it differs.
Verses: 1 · 2 · 3 · 5 · 6 · 7 · 8 · 9 · 10 · 11 · 14 · 22 · 23 · 24 · 26 · 28 · 29 · 30 · 33 · 35
1 Samuel 15:1
Then Samuel said to Saul, “The LORD sent me to anoint you king over His people Israel. Now therefore, listen to the words of the LORD.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Sam 15:1–11 | Homilies on Numbers 19.1 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| 1 Sam 15:1–3 | On Apostate Kings 2 · Lucifer of Cagliari | quotation, high confidence | ca. 356–361 |
1 Samuel 15:2
This is what the LORD of Hosts says: ‘I witnessed what the Amalekites did to the Israelites when they opposed them on their way up from Egypt.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Sam 15:2–3 | Demonstration 3.10 · Aphrahat | quotation, high confidence | 337-345 |
1 Samuel 15:3
Now go and attack the Amalekites and devote to destruction all that belongs to them. Do not spare them, but put to death men and women, children and infants, oxen and sheep, camels and donkeys.’”
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Sam 15:3 | Eclogae on 1 Kingdoms, column 991 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 220-254 |
| 1 Sam 15:3 | Homilies on Matthew 86.3 · John Chrysostom | allusion, high confidence | ca. 390 |
1 Samuel 15:5
Saul came to the city of Amalek and lay in wait in the valley.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Sam 15:5–8 | On Apostate Kings 2 · Lucifer of Cagliari | quotation, high confidence | ca. 356–361 |
1 Samuel 15:6
And he warned the Kenites, “Since you showed kindness to all the Israelites when they came up out of Egypt, go on and get away from the Amalekites. Otherwise I will sweep you away with them.” So the Kenites moved away from the Amalekites.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Sam 15:6 | Homilies on Numbers 19.3 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
1 Samuel 15:7
Then Saul struck down the Amalekites all the way from Havilah to Shur, which is east of Egypt.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Sam 15:7 | Demonstration 14.13 · Aphrahat | allusion, medium confidence | 337-345 |
1 Samuel 15:8
He captured Agag king of Amalek alive, but devoted all the others to destruction with the sword.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Sam 15:8–9 | Demonstration 3.10 · Aphrahat | allusion, high confidence | 337-345 |
1 Samuel 15:9
Saul and his troops spared Agag, along with the best of the sheep and cattle, the fat calves and lambs, and the best of everything else. They were unwilling to devote them to destruction, but they devoted to destruction all that was despised and worthless.
1 Samuel 15:10
Then the word of the LORD came to Samuel, saying,
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Sam 15:10–11 | On Not Sparing Those Who Sin against God 4 · Lucifer of Cagliari | quotation, high confidence | ca. 356–361 |
| 1 Sam 15:10–23 | Part 2, chapter 25 · Quodvultdeus of Carthage | allusion, high confidence | ca. 445-450 |
1 Samuel 15:11
“I regret that I have made Saul king, for he has turned away from following Me and has not carried out My instructions.” And Samuel was distressed and cried out to the LORD all that night.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Sam 15:11 | Against Marcion 2.24 · Tertullian | quotation, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| 1 Sam 15:11 | On First Principles 4.2.1 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 220–230 (Rufinus's translation 398) |
| 1 Sam 15:11 | Eclogae on 1 Kingdoms, column 991 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 220-254 |
| 1 Sam 15:11 | Fragments on Genesis, column 113 · Origen | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 220-254 |
| 1 Sam 15:11 | PG 12:1607 (Ps 118 LXX) · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 220-254 |
| 1 Sam 15:11 | Homilies on Jeremiah 18.6 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 240 |
| 1 Sam 15:11 | Homilies on Jeremiah 20.1 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 240 |
| 1 Sam 15:11 | Against Parmenian the Donatist 2.23 · Optatus of Milevis | quotation, high confidence | ca. 366–385 |
| 1 Sam 15:11 | Sermon 341.8 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, low confidence | ca. 391-430 |
| 1 Sam 15:11 | Questions and Answers to the Orthodox 33–36 · Anonymous | allusion, high confidence | 5th century (disputed) |
| 1 Sam 15:11 | Retractations 2.1 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | 426-427 |
| 1 Sam 15:11 | The Conferences 17.25 · John Cassian | quotation, high confidence | ca. 426–429 |
1 Samuel 15:14
But Samuel replied, “Then what is this bleating of sheep and lowing of cattle that I hear?”
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Sam 15:14–22 | Demonstration 15.6 · Aphrahat | quotation, high confidence | 337-345 |
1 Samuel 15:22
But Samuel declared: “Does the LORD delight in burnt offerings and sacrifices as much as in obedience to His voice? Behold, obedience is better than sacrifice, and attentiveness is better than the fat of rams.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Sam 15:22 | Against Heresies 4.17.1 · Irenaeus of Lyons | quotation, high confidence | ca. 180–190 |
| 1 Sam 15:22 | Homilies on Leviticus 4.5 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| 1 Sam 15:22 | To the Bishops of Egypt 11 · Athanasius of Alexandria | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 356 |
| 1 Sam 15:22 | Question 103, section 3 · Ambrosiaster | quotation, high confidence | ca. 370–384 |
| 1 Sam 15:22 | Question 112, section 24 · Ambrosiaster | quotation, high confidence | ca. 370–384 |
| 1 Sam 15:22 | Apostolic Constitutions 6.22.4 · Anonymous | quotation, high confidence | ca. 380 |
| 1 Sam 15:22 | Tractates 16 · Gaudentius of Brescia | allusion, high confidence | ca. 397-410 |
| 1 Sam 15:22–28 | Sermon 109 · Peter Chrysologus | allusion, high confidence | ca. 425-450 |
| 1 Sam 15:22 | The Conferences 2.3 · John Cassian | allusion, high confidence | ca. 426–429 |
1 Samuel 15:23
For rebellion is like the sin of divination, and arrogance is like the wickedness of idolatry. Because you have rejected the word of the LORD, He has rejected you as king.”
1 Samuel 15:24
Then Saul said to Samuel, “I have sinned; I have transgressed the LORD’s commandment and your instructions, because I feared the people and obeyed their voice.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Sam 15:24 | Commentary on Romans 9:16 · Ambrosiaster | allusion, high confidence | ca. 366–384 |
| 1 Sam 15:24–26 | Question 18, section 1 · Ambrosiaster | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370–384 |
| 1 Sam 15:24 | Sermon 291.5 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | ca. 391-430 |
| 1 Sam 15:24 | Against Faustus the Manichaean 22.67 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 398–400 |
1 Samuel 15:26
“I will not return with you,” Samuel replied. “For you have rejected the word of the LORD, and He has rejected you as king over Israel.”
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Sam 15:26 | Demonstration 3.12 · Aphrahat | allusion, high confidence | 337-345 |
| 1 Sam 15:26 | On Not Sparing Those Who Sin against God 4 · Lucifer of Cagliari | quotation, high confidence | ca. 356–361 |
| 1 Sam 15:26 | Explanation of Twelve Psalms 47.9.2 · Ambrose | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 387-397 |
| 1 Sam 15:26–29 | City of God 17.7 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | 413–426 |
1 Samuel 15:28
So Samuel said to him, “The LORD has torn the kingdom of Israel from you today and has given it to your neighbor who is better than you.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Sam 15:28 | Against Marcion 2.24 · Tertullian | quotation, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| 1 Sam 15:28 | On the Witch of Endor 12 · Eustathius of Antioch | quotation, high confidence | ca. 324–337 |
| 1 Sam 15:28 | On Not Sparing Those Who Sin against God 4 · Lucifer of Cagliari | quotation, high confidence | ca. 356–361 |
| 1 Sam 15:28 | Theological Oration 4 (Or. 30), On the Son 13 · Gregory of Nazianzus | quotation, high confidence | 380 |
| 1 Sam 15:28 | Questions and Answers to the Orthodox 52 · Anonymous | allusion, high confidence | 5th century (disputed) |
| 1 Sam 15:28 | City of God 17.23 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | 413–426 |
1 Samuel 15:29
Moreover, the Glory of Israel does not lie or change His mind, for He is not a man, that He should change His mind.”
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Sam 15:29 | Against Marcion 2.24 · Tertullian | quotation, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
1 Samuel 15:30
“I have sinned,” Saul replied. “Please honor me now before the elders of my people and before Israel. Come back with me, so that I may worship the LORD your God.”
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Sam 15:30 | Question 18, section 2 · Ambrosiaster | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 370–384 |
1 Samuel 15:33
But Samuel declared: “As your sword has made women childless, so your mother will be childless among women.” And Samuel hacked Agag to pieces before the LORD at Gilgal.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Sam 15:33 | Demonstration 3.10 · Aphrahat | allusion, high confidence | 337-345 |
| 1 Sam 15:33 | Homilies 10.6 · Basil of Caesarea | allusion, high confidence | ca. 363-378 |
| 1 Sam 15:33 | Poem 24, lines 569–599 · Paulinus of Nola | allusion, high confidence | ca. 393–431 |
1 Samuel 15:35
And to the day of his death, Samuel never again visited Saul. Samuel mourned for Saul, and the LORD regretted that He had made Saul king over Israel.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Sam 15:35 | Eclogae on 1 Kingdoms, column 991 · Origen | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 220-254 |
| 1 Sam 15:35–16:1 | On Apostate Kings 2 · Lucifer of Cagliari | quotation, high confidence | ca. 356–361 |
| 1 Sam 15:35 | Commentary on 1 Corinthians 5:6 · Ambrosiaster | allusion, high confidence | ca. 366–384 |
| 1 Sam 15:35 | Letter 122.1 · Jerome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| 1 Sam 15:35 | Letter 147.1 · Jerome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| 1 Sam 15:35 | Letter 147.4 · Jerome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| 1 Sam 15:35 | To Theodosius on the Witch of Endor, part 1 · Gregory of Nyssa | allusion, high confidence | ca. 380–394 |
| 1 Sam 15:35 | Tractates on Matthew 3.3 · Chromatius of Aquileia | allusion, high confidence | ca. 388–407 |
| 1 Sam 15:35 | The Conferences 9.29 · John Cassian | allusion, high confidence | ca. 426–429 |
| 1 Sam 15:35 | The Conferences 17.25 · John Cassian | quotation, high confidence | ca. 426–429 |