1 Samuel 15 in the early church

[LXX: 1 Kingdoms; Vulgate: 1 Kings]

91 passages quote, allude to, or echo 1 Samuel 15, grouped by verse; passages on the same verse are in date order. Verse text from the Berean Standard Bible (public domain). References use the Protestant English Bible's numbering, with a writer's own numbering in brackets where it differs.

Verses: 1 · 2 · 3 · 5 · 6 · 7 · 8 · 9 · 10 · 11 · 14 · 22 · 23 · 24 · 26 · 28 · 29 · 30 · 33 · 35

1 Samuel 15:1

Then Samuel said to Saul, “The LORD sent me to anoint you king over His people Israel. Now therefore, listen to the words of the LORD.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
1 Sam 15:1–11Homilies on Numbers 19.1 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
1 Sam 15:1–3On Apostate Kings 2 · Lucifer of Cagliariquotation, high confidenceca. 356–361

1 Samuel 15:2

This is what the LORD of Hosts says: ‘I witnessed what the Amalekites did to the Israelites when they opposed them on their way up from Egypt.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
1 Sam 15:2–3Demonstration 3.10 · Aphrahatquotation, high confidence337-345

1 Samuel 15:3

Now go and attack the Amalekites and devote to destruction all that belongs to them. Do not spare them, but put to death men and women, children and infants, oxen and sheep, camels and donkeys.’”

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
1 Sam 15:3Eclogae on 1 Kingdoms, column 991 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 220-254
1 Sam 15:3Homilies on Matthew 86.3 · John Chrysostomallusion, high confidenceca. 390

1 Samuel 15:5

Saul came to the city of Amalek and lay in wait in the valley.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
1 Sam 15:5–8On Apostate Kings 2 · Lucifer of Cagliariquotation, high confidenceca. 356–361

1 Samuel 15:6

And he warned the Kenites, “Since you showed kindness to all the Israelites when they came up out of Egypt, go on and get away from the Amalekites. Otherwise I will sweep you away with them.” So the Kenites moved away from the Amalekites.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
1 Sam 15:6Homilies on Numbers 19.3 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)

1 Samuel 15:7

Then Saul struck down the Amalekites all the way from Havilah to Shur, which is east of Egypt.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
1 Sam 15:7Demonstration 14.13 · Aphrahatallusion, medium confidence337-345

1 Samuel 15:8

He captured Agag king of Amalek alive, but devoted all the others to destruction with the sword.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
1 Sam 15:8–9Demonstration 3.10 · Aphrahatallusion, high confidence337-345

1 Samuel 15:9

Saul and his troops spared Agag, along with the best of the sheep and cattle, the fat calves and lambs, and the best of everything else. They were unwilling to devote them to destruction, but they devoted to destruction all that was despised and worthless.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
1 Sam 15:9Eclogae on 1 Kingdoms, column 991 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 220-254
1 Sam 15:9Eclogae on 1 Kingdoms, column 993 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 220-254
1 Sam 15:9PG 12:1571 (Ps 114–115 LXX) · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 220-254
1 Sam 15:9On the Witch of Endor 5 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 240
1 Sam 15:9Homilies on Joshua 8.7 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
1 Sam 15:9–28On the Witch of Endor 12 · Eustathius of Antiochallusion, high confidenceca. 324–337
1 Sam 15:9On the Witch of Endor 15 · Eustathius of Antiochallusion, medium confidenceca. 324–337
1 Sam 15:9Demonstration 3.12 · Aphrahatallusion, high confidence337-345
1 Sam 15:9–23Demonstration 14.23 · Aphrahatallusion, high confidence337-345
1 Sam 15:9–28Demonstration 14.40 · Aphrahatallusion, high confidence337-345
1 Sam 15:9–28On Apostate Kings 2 · Lucifer of Cagliariquotation, high confidenceca. 356–361
1 Sam 15:9Apostolic Constitutions 2.10.1 · Anonymousallusion, high confidenceca. 380
1 Sam 15:9Exposition of Psalm 118 4.23.2 · Ambroseallusion, high confidenceca. 386-397
1 Sam 15:9Exposition of Psalm 118 8.26.1 · Ambroseallusion, high confidenceca. 386-397
1 Sam 15:9On the Soul and Its Origin 2.17 · Augustine of Hippoallusion, high confidenceca. 419–420

1 Samuel 15:10

Then the word of the LORD came to Samuel, saying,

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
1 Sam 15:10–11On Not Sparing Those Who Sin against God 4 · Lucifer of Cagliariquotation, high confidenceca. 356–361
1 Sam 15:10–23Part 2, chapter 25 · Quodvultdeus of Carthageallusion, high confidenceca. 445-450

1 Samuel 15:11

“I regret that I have made Saul king, for he has turned away from following Me and has not carried out My instructions.” And Samuel was distressed and cried out to the LORD all that night.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
1 Sam 15:11Against Marcion 2.24 · Tertullianquotation, high confidence207/208 (third edition, completed later)
1 Sam 15:11On First Principles 4.2.1 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 220–230 (Rufinus's translation 398)
1 Sam 15:11Eclogae on 1 Kingdoms, column 991 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 220-254
1 Sam 15:11Fragments on Genesis, column 113 · Origenallusion, medium confidenceca. 220-254
1 Sam 15:11PG 12:1607 (Ps 118 LXX) · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 220-254
1 Sam 15:11Homilies on Jeremiah 18.6 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 240
1 Sam 15:11Homilies on Jeremiah 20.1 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 240
1 Sam 15:11Against Parmenian the Donatist 2.23 · Optatus of Milevisquotation, high confidenceca. 366–385
1 Sam 15:11Sermon 341.8 · Augustine of Hippoallusion, low confidenceca. 391-430
1 Sam 15:11Questions and Answers to the Orthodox 33–36 · Anonymousallusion, high confidence5th century (disputed)
1 Sam 15:11Retractations 2.1 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidence426-427
1 Sam 15:11The Conferences 17.25 · John Cassianquotation, high confidenceca. 426–429

1 Samuel 15:14

But Samuel replied, “Then what is this bleating of sheep and lowing of cattle that I hear?”

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
1 Sam 15:14–22Demonstration 15.6 · Aphrahatquotation, high confidence337-345

1 Samuel 15:22

But Samuel declared: “Does the LORD delight in burnt offerings and sacrifices as much as in obedience to His voice? Behold, obedience is better than sacrifice, and attentiveness is better than the fat of rams.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
1 Sam 15:22Against Heresies 4.17.1 · Irenaeus of Lyonsquotation, high confidenceca. 180–190
1 Sam 15:22Homilies on Leviticus 4.5 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
1 Sam 15:22To the Bishops of Egypt 11 · Athanasius of Alexandriaallusion, medium confidenceca. 356
1 Sam 15:22Question 103, section 3 · Ambrosiasterquotation, high confidenceca. 370–384
1 Sam 15:22Question 112, section 24 · Ambrosiasterquotation, high confidenceca. 370–384
1 Sam 15:22Apostolic Constitutions 6.22.4 · Anonymousquotation, high confidenceca. 380
1 Sam 15:22Tractates 16 · Gaudentius of Bresciaallusion, high confidenceca. 397-410
1 Sam 15:22–28Sermon 109 · Peter Chrysologusallusion, high confidenceca. 425-450
1 Sam 15:22The Conferences 2.3 · John Cassianallusion, high confidenceca. 426–429

1 Samuel 15:23

For rebellion is like the sin of divination, and arrogance is like the wickedness of idolatry. Because you have rejected the word of the LORD, He has rejected you as king.”

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
1 Sam 15:23Against Marcion 2.23 · Tertullianallusion, high confidence207/208 (third edition, completed later)
1 Sam 15:23Letter 13.2 · Cyprian of Carthageallusion, medium confidence249/250–258
1 Sam 15:23Demonstration 3.10 · Aphrahatallusion, high confidence337-345
1 Sam 15:23–28Demonstration 14.27 · Aphrahatallusion, high confidence337-345
1 Sam 15:23On Not Sparing Those Who Sin against God 4 · Lucifer of Cagliariquotation, high confidenceca. 356–361
1 Sam 15:23Oration 2.41 · Gregory of Nazianzusquotation, high confidenceca. 362–383
1 Sam 15:23Oration 43.25 · Gregory of Nazianzusallusion, medium confidenceca. 362–383
1 Sam 15:23On the Destruction of Jerusalem 5.16 · Anonymousallusion, medium confidenceca. 370
1 Sam 15:23Apostolic Constitutions 2.62.2 · Anonymousquotation, high confidenceca. 380
1 Sam 15:23Apostolic Constitutions 7.6.1 · Anonymousquotation, high confidenceca. 380
1 Sam 15:23On Naboth 69 · Ambroseallusion, high confidenceca. 386-390
1 Sam 15:23Exposition of Psalm 118 4.23.2 · Ambroseallusion, medium confidenceca. 386-397
1 Sam 15:23City of God 17.7 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidence413–426
1 Sam 15:23City of God 18.20 · Augustine of Hippoallusion, high confidence413–426

1 Samuel 15:24

Then Saul said to Samuel, “I have sinned; I have transgressed the LORD’s commandment and your instructions, because I feared the people and obeyed their voice.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
1 Sam 15:24Commentary on Romans 9:16 · Ambrosiasterallusion, high confidenceca. 366–384
1 Sam 15:24–26Question 18, section 1 · Ambrosiasterallusion, high confidenceca. 370–384
1 Sam 15:24Sermon 291.5 · Augustine of Hippoallusion, high confidenceca. 391-430
1 Sam 15:24Against Faustus the Manichaean 22.67 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 398–400

1 Samuel 15:26

“I will not return with you,” Samuel replied. “For you have rejected the word of the LORD, and He has rejected you as king over Israel.”

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
1 Sam 15:26Demonstration 3.12 · Aphrahatallusion, high confidence337-345
1 Sam 15:26On Not Sparing Those Who Sin against God 4 · Lucifer of Cagliariquotation, high confidenceca. 356–361
1 Sam 15:26Explanation of Twelve Psalms 47.9.2 · Ambroseallusion, medium confidenceca. 387-397
1 Sam 15:26–29City of God 17.7 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidence413–426

1 Samuel 15:28

So Samuel said to him, “The LORD has torn the kingdom of Israel from you today and has given it to your neighbor who is better than you.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
1 Sam 15:28Against Marcion 2.24 · Tertullianquotation, high confidence207/208 (third edition, completed later)
1 Sam 15:28On the Witch of Endor 12 · Eustathius of Antiochquotation, high confidenceca. 324–337
1 Sam 15:28On Not Sparing Those Who Sin against God 4 · Lucifer of Cagliariquotation, high confidenceca. 356–361
1 Sam 15:28Theological Oration 4 (Or. 30), On the Son 13 · Gregory of Nazianzusquotation, high confidence380
1 Sam 15:28Questions and Answers to the Orthodox 52 · Anonymousallusion, high confidence5th century (disputed)
1 Sam 15:28City of God 17.23 · Augustine of Hippoallusion, high confidence413–426

1 Samuel 15:29

Moreover, the Glory of Israel does not lie or change His mind, for He is not a man, that He should change His mind.”

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
1 Sam 15:29Against Marcion 2.24 · Tertullianquotation, high confidence207/208 (third edition, completed later)

1 Samuel 15:30

“I have sinned,” Saul replied. “Please honor me now before the elders of my people and before Israel. Come back with me, so that I may worship the LORD your God.”

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
1 Sam 15:30Question 18, section 2 · Ambrosiasterallusion, medium confidenceca. 370–384

1 Samuel 15:33

But Samuel declared: “As your sword has made women childless, so your mother will be childless among women.” And Samuel hacked Agag to pieces before the LORD at Gilgal.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
1 Sam 15:33Demonstration 3.10 · Aphrahatallusion, high confidence337-345
1 Sam 15:33Homilies 10.6 · Basil of Caesareaallusion, high confidenceca. 363-378
1 Sam 15:33Poem 24, lines 569–599 · Paulinus of Nolaallusion, high confidenceca. 393–431

1 Samuel 15:35

And to the day of his death, Samuel never again visited Saul. Samuel mourned for Saul, and the LORD regretted that He had made Saul king over Israel.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
1 Sam 15:35Eclogae on 1 Kingdoms, column 991 · Origenallusion, medium confidenceca. 220-254
1 Sam 15:35–16:1On Apostate Kings 2 · Lucifer of Cagliariquotation, high confidenceca. 356–361
1 Sam 15:35Commentary on 1 Corinthians 5:6 · Ambrosiasterallusion, high confidenceca. 366–384
1 Sam 15:35Letter 122.1 · Jeromeallusion, high confidenceca. 370–419
1 Sam 15:35Letter 147.1 · Jeromeallusion, high confidenceca. 370–419
1 Sam 15:35Letter 147.4 · Jeromeallusion, high confidenceca. 370–419
1 Sam 15:35To Theodosius on the Witch of Endor, part 1 · Gregory of Nyssaallusion, high confidenceca. 380–394
1 Sam 15:35Tractates on Matthew 3.3 · Chromatius of Aquileiaallusion, high confidenceca. 388–407
1 Sam 15:35The Conferences 9.29 · John Cassianallusion, high confidenceca. 426–429
1 Sam 15:35The Conferences 17.25 · John Cassianquotation, high confidenceca. 426–429