Isaiah 34 in the early church
[Vulgate: Isaias]
37 passages quote, allude to, or echo Isaiah 34, grouped by verse; passages on the same verse are in date order. Verse text from the Berean Standard Bible (public domain). References use the Protestant English Bible's numbering, with a writer's own numbering in brackets where it differs.
Verses: 4 · 5 · 11 · 13 · 14 · 15
Isaiah 34:4
All the stars of heaven will be dissolved. The skies will be rolled up like a scroll, and all their stars will fall like withered leaves from the vine, like foliage from the fig tree.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Isa 34:4 | 2 Clement 16.3 · Anonymous | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 100–150 |
| Isa 34:4 | Sibylline Oracles 8.241ff. · Anonymous | allusion, medium confidence | 2nd-3rd cent. |
| Isa 34:4 | Sibylline Oracles 8.411ff. · Anonymous | allusion, medium confidence | 2nd-3rd cent. |
| Isa 34:4 | Exhortation to the Greeks 8.81 · Clement of Alexandria | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 190–200 |
| Isa 34:4 | Against Heresies 4.5.1 · Irenaeus of Lyons | allusion, high confidence | ca. 180–190 |
| Isa 34:4 | Hortatory Address to the Greeks 33 · Anonymous | allusion, medium confidence | 2nd–3rd century (disputed) |
| Isa 34:4 | Against Hermogenes 34 · Tertullian | allusion, high confidence | ca. 200–206 |
| Isa 34:4 | Fragments on Genesis, column 73 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 220-254 |
| Isa 34:4 | Homilies on Ezekiel 13.2 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Jerome's translation in the 380s) |
| Isa 34:4 | Lines 1003–1026 · Commodian | allusion, medium confidence | 3rd century (disputed) |
| Isa 34:4 | Recognitions 3.26 · Anonymous | allusion, medium confidence | Greek original 3rd–4th century; Rufinus's Latin translation before 407 |
| Isa 34:4 | Divine Institutes 7.20.4 · Lactantius | echo, low confidence | ca. 303–311 |
| Isa 34:4 | Divine Institutes 7.26.5 · Lactantius | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 303–311 |
| Isa 34:4 | Preparation for the Gospel 6.11.64 · Eusebius of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 313–324 |
| Isa 34:4 | Preparation for the Gospel 11.32.1 · Eusebius of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 313–324 |
| Isa 34:4 | Oration to the Assembly of the Saints 18.4 · Constantine the Great | echo, medium confidence | ca. 325 (dated variously 317–325) |
| Isa 34:4 | Catechetical Lecture 15.2 · Cyril of Jerusalem | quotation, high confidence | ca. 350 |
| Isa 34:4 | Ancoratus 99.4 · Epiphanius of Salamis | quotation, high confidence | 374 |
| Isa 34:4 | Homilies on Matthew 53.2 · John Chrysostom | allusion, low confidence | ca. 390 |
| Isa 34:4 | Confessions 13.16 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 397–401 |
| Isa 34:4 | Confessions 13.18 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 397–401 |
| Isa 34:4 | Questions and Answers to the Orthodox 93–94 · Anonymous | allusion, high confidence | 5th century (disputed) |
| Isa 34:4 | City of God 18.23 · Augustine of Hippo | echo, medium confidence | 413–426 |
Isaiah 34:5
When My sword has drunk its fill in the heavens, then it will come down upon Edom, upon the people I have devoted to destruction.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Isa 34:5 | On Prayer 26.3 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 233–234 |
| Isa 34:5 | Homilies on Exodus 8.3 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Isa 34:5 | Homilies on Numbers 7.5 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Isa 34:5 | Demonstration 11.9 · Aphrahat | quotation, high confidence | 337-345 |
| Isa 34:5 | Oration 16.7 · Gregory of Nazianzus | allusion, high confidence | ca. 362–383 |
| Isa 34:5 | Letter 20.5 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| Isa 34:5 | Letter 22.3 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| Isa 34:5 | Letter 125.7 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
Isaiah 34:11
The desert owl and screech owl will possess it, and the great owl and raven will dwell in it. The LORD will stretch out over Edom a measuring line of chaos and a plumb line of destruction.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Isa 34:11–15 | Against Vigilantius 1 · Jerome | allusion, high confidence | 406 |
Isaiah 34:13
Her towers will be overgrown with thorns, her fortresses with thistles and briers. She will become a haunt for jackals, an abode for ostriches.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Isa 34:13 | Formulae of Spiritual Understanding 4 · Eucherius of Lyon | quotation, high confidence | ca. 420-430 |
Isaiah 34:14
The desert creatures will meet with hyenas, and one wild goat will call to another. There the night creature will settle and find her place of repose.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Isa 34:14 | Homilies on Matthew 59.6 · John Chrysostom | quotation, medium confidence | ca. 390 |
| Isa 34:14 | The Conferences 7.32 · John Cassian | allusion, high confidence | ca. 426–429 |
| Isa 34:14 | Instructions 2.9 · Eucherius of Lyon | allusion, high confidence | ca. 428-434 |
Isaiah 34:15
There the owl will make her nest; she will lay and hatch her eggs and gather her brood under her shadow. Even there the birds of prey will gather, each with its mate.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Isa 34:15–17 | Demonstration 13.9 · Aphrahat | quotation, high confidence | 337-345 |