Leviticus 13 in the early church
86 passages quote, allude to, or echo Leviticus 13, grouped by verse; passages on the same verse are in date order. Verse text from the Berean Standard Bible (public domain). References use the Protestant English Bible's numbering, with a writer's own numbering in brackets where it differs.
Verses: 1 · 2 · 3 · 5 · 6 · 11 · 12 · 13 · 14 · 15 · 18 · 19 · 20 · 22 · 24 · 25 · 28 · 29 · 30 · 40 · 41 · 42 · 44 · 45 · 46 · 47 · 48 · 49 · 51 · 52 · 53
Leviticus 13:1
Then the LORD said to Moses and Aaron,
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lev 13:1–14:57 | Against Marcion 4.35 · Tertullian | allusion, medium confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Lev 13:1 | Commentary on Romans 6.12 · Origen | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Lev 13:1 | Lepr. 3 · Methodius of Olympus | quotation, high confidence | late 3rd cent. (disputed) |
| Lev 13:1–59 | Demonstration 15.6 · Aphrahat | allusion, medium confidence | 337-345 |
| Lev 13:1–3 | Leviticus, lines 51–75 · Cyprianus Gallus | allusion, medium confidence | early 5th cent. |
| Lev 13:1–46 | Part 2, chapter 6 · Quodvultdeus of Carthage | allusion, high confidence | ca. 445-450 |
Leviticus 13:2
“When someone has a swelling or rash or bright spot on his skin that may be an infectious skin disease, he must be brought to Aaron the priest or to one of his sons who is a priest.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lev 13:2 | On First Principles 2.11.5 · Origen | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 220–230 (Rufinus's translation 398) |
| Lev 13:2 | Eclogae on Exodus-Judges, column 399 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 220-254 |
| Lev 13:2 | Homilies on Leviticus 8.5 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Lev 13:2 | Lepr. 3 · Methodius of Olympus | quotation, high confidence | late 3rd cent. (disputed) |
| Lev 13:2 | Lepr. 5 · Methodius of Olympus | allusion, medium confidence | late 3rd cent. (disputed) |
| Lev 13:2 | Lepr. 6 · Methodius of Olympus | quotation, high confidence | late 3rd cent. (disputed) |
| Lev 13:2 | Oration 14.36 · Gregory of Nazianzus | allusion, high confidence | ca. 362–383 |
Leviticus 13:3
The priest is to examine the infection on his skin, and if the hair in the infection has turned white and the sore appears to be deeper than the skin, it is a skin disease. After the priest examines him, he must pronounce him unclean.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lev 13:3 | Homilies on Joshua 13.2 · Origen | allusion, low confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Lev 13:3 | Lepr. 3 · Methodius of Olympus | quotation, high confidence | late 3rd cent. (disputed) |
| Lev 13:3 | Lepr. 5 · Methodius of Olympus | quotation, high confidence | late 3rd cent. (disputed) |
| Lev 13:3 | Lepr. 6 · Methodius of Olympus | allusion, high confidence | late 3rd cent. (disputed) |
Leviticus 13:5
On the seventh day the priest is to reexamine him, and if he sees that the infection is unchanged and has not spread on the skin, the priest must isolate him for another seven days.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lev 13:5 | Lepr. 3 · Methodius of Olympus | quotation, high confidence | late 3rd cent. (disputed) |
| Lev 13:5 | Lepr. 6 · Methodius of Olympus | allusion, medium confidence | late 3rd cent. (disputed) |
Leviticus 13:6
The priest will examine him again on the seventh day, and if the sore has faded and has not spread on the skin, the priest shall pronounce him clean; it is a rash. The person must wash his clothes and be clean.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lev 13:6 | Lepr. 3 · Methodius of Olympus | quotation, high confidence | late 3rd cent. (disputed) |
| Lev 13:6 | Lepr. 6 · Methodius of Olympus | quotation, medium confidence | late 3rd cent. (disputed) |
| Lev 13:6 | On Noah 59 · Ambrose | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 378-384 |
Leviticus 13:11
it is a chronic skin disease and the priest must pronounce him unclean. He need not isolate him, for he is unclean.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lev 13:11 | Lepr. 6 · Methodius of Olympus | allusion, medium confidence | late 3rd cent. (disputed) |
Leviticus 13:12
But if the skin disease breaks out all over his skin so that it covers all the skin of the infected person from head to foot, as far as the priest can see,
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lev 13:12 | The Instructor 3.11.54 · Clement of Alexandria | allusion, high confidence | ca. 190–200 |
| Lev 13:12 | On Modesty 20 · Tertullian | quotation, high confidence | ca. 210–220 |
| Lev 13:12 | Fragments on Luke, column 365 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 220-254 |
| Lev 13:12 | Homilies on Leviticus 8.5 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Lev 13:12 | Homilies on Leviticus 8.6 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
Leviticus 13:13
the priest shall examine him, and if the disease has covered his entire body, he is to pronounce the infected person clean. Since it has all turned white, he is clean.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lev 13:13 | The Instructor 3.11.54 · Clement of Alexandria | allusion, high confidence | ca. 190–200 |
| Lev 13:13 | On Modesty 20 · Tertullian | quotation, high confidence | ca. 210–220 |
| Lev 13:13 | Homilies on Leviticus 8.6 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Lev 13:13 | On Noah 59 · Ambrose | allusion, low confidence | ca. 378-384 |
Leviticus 13:14
But whenever raw flesh appears on someone, he will be unclean.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lev 13:14 | On Modesty 20 · Tertullian | quotation, high confidence | ca. 210–220 |
| Lev 13:14 | Fragments on Luke, column 365 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 220-254 |
| Lev 13:14 | Homilies on Leviticus 8.6 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
Leviticus 13:15
When the priest sees the raw flesh, he must pronounce him unclean. The raw flesh is unclean; it is a skin disease.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lev 13:15 | Homilies on Leviticus 8.6 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
Leviticus 13:18
When a boil appears on someone’s skin and it heals,
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lev 13:18 | Eclogae on Exodus-Judges, column 399 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 220-254 |
| Lev 13:18 | Homilies on Leviticus 8.5 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Lev 13:18 | Homilies on Leviticus 8.7 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
Leviticus 13:19
and a white swelling or a reddish-white spot develops where the boil was, he must present himself to the priest.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lev 13:19 | Homilies on Leviticus 8.7 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
Leviticus 13:20
The priest shall examine it, and if it appears to be beneath the skin and the hair in it has turned white, the priest shall pronounce him unclean; it is a diseased infection that has broken out in the boil.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lev 13:20 | Homilies on Leviticus 8.7 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
Leviticus 13:22
If it spreads any further on the skin, the priest must pronounce him unclean; it is an infection.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lev 13:22 | Fragment 34 (On the Passover; anonymous catena on Leviticus 13:22) · Clement of Alexandria | allusion, high confidence | late 2nd-early 3rd century |
Leviticus 13:24
When there is a burn on someone’s skin and the raw area of the burn becomes reddish-white or white,
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lev 13:24 | Eclogae on Exodus-Judges, column 399 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 220-254 |
| Lev 13:24 | Homilies on Leviticus 8.5 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Lev 13:24 | Homilies on Leviticus 8.8 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
Leviticus 13:25
the priest must examine it. If the hair in the spot has turned white and the spot appears to be deeper than the skin, it is a disease that has broken out in the burn. The priest must pronounce him unclean; it is a diseased infection.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lev 13:25 | Homilies on Leviticus 8.8 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
Leviticus 13:28
But if the spot is unchanged and has not spread on the skin but has faded, it is a swelling from the burn, and the priest is to pronounce him clean; for it is only the scar from the burn.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lev 13:28 | Homilies on Leviticus 8.8 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
Leviticus 13:29
If a man or woman has an infection on the head or chin,
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lev 13:29 | Eclogae on Exodus-Judges, column 399 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 220-254 |
| Lev 13:29 | Homilies on Leviticus 8.5 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Lev 13:29 | Homilies on Leviticus 8.9 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
Leviticus 13:30
the priest shall examine the infection, and if it appears to be deeper than the skin and the hair in it is yellow and thin, the priest must pronounce him unclean; it is a scaly outbreak, an infectious disease of the head or chin.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lev 13:30 | Homilies on Leviticus 8.9 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
Leviticus 13:40
Now if a man loses his hair and is bald, he is still clean.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lev 13:40 | Homilies on Leviticus 8.10 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Lev 13:40–41 | Against Faustus the Manichaean 6.9 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 398–400 |
Leviticus 13:41
Or if his hairline recedes and he is bald on his forehead, he is still clean.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lev 13:41 | Homilies on Leviticus 8.10 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
Leviticus 13:42
But if there is a reddish-white sore on the bald head or forehead, it is an infectious disease breaking out on it.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lev 13:42 | Homilies on Leviticus 8.5 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
Leviticus 13:44
the man is diseased; he is unclean. The priest must pronounce him unclean because of the infection on his head.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lev 13:44 | Lepr. 6 · Methodius of Olympus | quotation, high confidence | late 3rd cent. (disputed) |
Leviticus 13:45
A diseased person must wear torn clothes and let his hair hang loose, and he must cover his mouth and cry out, ‘Unclean, unclean!’
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lev 13:45 | Eclogae on Exodus-Judges, column 399 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 220-254 |
| Lev 13:45 | Eclogae on Exodus-Judges, column 401 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 220-254 |
| Lev 13:45 | Homilies on Leviticus 8.10 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Lev 13:45 | Lepr. 6 · Methodius of Olympus | quotation, high confidence | late 3rd cent. (disputed) |
| Lev 13:45–46 | Demonstration 19.4 · Aphrahat | quotation, high confidence | 337-345 |
| Lev 13:45–46 | Questions and Answers to the Orthodox 97 · Anonymous | allusion, medium confidence | 5th century (disputed) |
Leviticus 13:46
As long as he has the infection, he remains unclean. He must live alone in a place outside the camp.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lev 13:46 | Against Marcion 4.9 · Tertullian | allusion, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Lev 13:46 | Eclogae on Exodus-Judges, column 401 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 220-254 |
| Lev 13:46 | Homilies on Leviticus 8.1 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Lev 13:46 | Homilies on Leviticus 8.10 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Lev 13:46 | Lepr. 6 · Methodius of Olympus | quotation, high confidence | late 3rd cent. (disputed) |
| Lev 13:46 | On Not Sparing Those Who Sin against God 6 · Lucifer of Cagliari | allusion, low confidence | ca. 356–361 |
| Lev 13:46 | Part 2, chapter 6 · Quodvultdeus of Carthage | allusion, high confidence | ca. 445-450 |
Leviticus 13:47
If any fabric is contaminated with mildew—any wool or linen garment,
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lev 13:47 | Commentary on Romans 1.10 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Lev 13:47 | Lepr. 3 · Methodius of Olympus | quotation, high confidence | late 3rd cent. (disputed) |
| Lev 13:47 | Lepr. 9 · Methodius of Olympus | quotation, high confidence | late 3rd cent. (disputed) |
| Lev 13:47 | Lepr. 14 · Methodius of Olympus | quotation, high confidence | late 3rd cent. (disputed) |
| Lev 13:47 | Paraenesis, or Exhortation to Penitence 3 · Pacian of Barcelona | allusion, low confidence | ca. 360-390 |
| Lev 13:47 | Letter 78.1 · Jerome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
Leviticus 13:48
any weave or knit of linen or wool, or any article of leather—
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lev 13:48 | Lepr. 3 · Methodius of Olympus | quotation, high confidence | late 3rd cent. (disputed) |
| Lev 13:48 | Lepr. 9 · Methodius of Olympus | quotation, high confidence | late 3rd cent. (disputed) |
| Lev 13:48 | Lepr. 14 · Methodius of Olympus | quotation, high confidence | late 3rd cent. (disputed) |
Leviticus 13:49
and if the mark in the fabric, leather, weave, knit, or leather article is green or red, then it is contaminated with mildew and must be shown to the priest.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lev 13:49 | Lepr. 3 · Methodius of Olympus | quotation, high confidence | late 3rd cent. (disputed) |
| Lev 13:49 | Lepr. 6 · Methodius of Olympus | allusion, medium confidence | late 3rd cent. (disputed) |
| Lev 13:49 | Lepr. 9 · Methodius of Olympus | quotation, high confidence | late 3rd cent. (disputed) |
Leviticus 13:51
On the seventh day the priest shall reexamine it, and if the mildew has spread in the fabric, weave, knit, or leather, then regardless of how it is used, it is a harmful mildew; the article is unclean.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lev 13:51 | Lepr. 4 · Methodius of Olympus | quotation, high confidence | late 3rd cent. (disputed) |
| Lev 13:51 | Lepr. 9 · Methodius of Olympus | quotation, high confidence | late 3rd cent. (disputed) |
Leviticus 13:52
He is to burn the fabric, weave, or knit, whether the contaminated item is wool or linen or leather. Since the mildew is harmful, the article must be burned up.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lev 13:52 | Lepr. 4 · Methodius of Olympus | quotation, high confidence | late 3rd cent. (disputed) |
| Lev 13:52 | Lepr. 9 · Methodius of Olympus | quotation, high confidence | late 3rd cent. (disputed) |
Leviticus 13:53
But when the priest reexamines it, if the mildew has not spread in the fabric, weave, knit, or leather article,
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lev 13:53 | Lepr. 9 · Methodius of Olympus | allusion, medium confidence | late 3rd cent. (disputed) |