Seven Books of History against the Pagans 7.40.1–7.43.20 (Seven Books of History against the Pagans)

Orosius

Seven Books of History against the Pagans 7.40.1–7.43.20

Orosius · Seven Books of History against the Pagans · ca. 417–418 · place unknown · 57 passages

Latin text: Zangemeister, CSEL 5 (Latin text: K. Zangemeister (CSEL 5, 1882), digitized by Open Greek and Latin, University of Leipzig (csel-dev), CC BY-SA 4.0).English: Claude (claude-opus-5-5), public domain (CC0).

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Seven 7, chapter 40

7.40.1CSEL 5:548–549

Anno itaque ab Vrbe condita MCLXIIII inruptio Vrbis per Alaricum facta est: cuius rei quamuis recens memoria sit, tamen si quis ipsius populi Romani et multitudinem uideat et uocem audiat, nihil factum, sicut etiam ipsi fatentur, arbitrabitur, nisi aliquantis adhuc existentibus ex incendio ruinis forte doceatur.

So in the 1164th year from the founding of the City the breaking into the City by Alaric took place: although the memory of this event is recent, yet if anyone sees the multitude of the Roman people itself and hears its voice, he will think, as they themselves too confess, that nothing happened, unless perhaps he is informed by some ruins from the fire that still remain.

Notes and citation

Summary: Rome has largely recovered from the sack.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (digitization slip): ex inoendio → ex incendio.

Cite (SBL): Orosius, Hist. 7.40.1 (CSEL 5:548–549; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-40-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-40-1

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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin of Zangemeister, CSEL 5 (1882), digital text (OCR slips corrected by logged corrections; Zangemeister's square brackets treated as deletions), then compared with the copyrighted translation in Fathers of the Church 50 (Deferrari; private error-checking only, nothing copied).

7.40.2CSEL 5:549

in ea inruptione Placidia, Theodosii principis filia, Arcadii et Honorii imperatorum soror, ab Athaulfo, Alarici propinquo, capta atque in uxorem adsumpta, quasi eam diuino iudicio uelut speciale pignus obsidem Roma tradiderit, ita iuncta potentissimo barbari regis coniugio multo reipublicae commodo fuit.

In that breaking in, Placidia, daughter of the prince Theodosius and sister of the emperors Arcadius and Honorius, was captured by Athaulf, a kinsman of Alaric, and taken as wife, as if by divine judgment Rome had handed her over as a special pledge and hostage; so, joined in marriage to a most powerful barbarian king, she was of great advantage to the commonwealth.

Notes and citation

Summary: Placidia marries Athaulf.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (digitization slip): in ea inrutione → in ea inruptione.

Topics: Marriage

Cite (SBL): Orosius, Hist. 7.40.2 (CSEL 5:549; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-40-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-40-2

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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin of Zangemeister, CSEL 5 (1882), digital text (OCR slips corrected by logged corrections; Zangemeister's square brackets treated as deletions), then compared with the copyrighted translation in Fathers of the Church 50 (Deferrari; private error-checking only, nothing copied).

7.40.3CSEL 5:549–550

Interea ante biennium Romanae inruptionis excitatae per Stiliconem gentes Alanorum, ut dixi, Sueborum Vandalorum multaeque cum his aliae Francos proterunt, Rhenum transeunt, Gallias inuadunt directoque impetu Pyrenaeum usque perueniunt: cuius obice ad tempus repulsae, per circumiacentes prouincias refunduntur.

Meanwhile, two years before the breaking into Rome, the peoples stirred up by Stilicho, as I said, the Alans, Suebi, Vandals, and many others with them, overran the Franks, crossed the Rhine, invaded the Gauls, and in a direct onset came as far as the Pyrenees; driven back for a time by that barrier, they poured back through the surrounding provinces.

Notes and citation

Summary: The great invasion of Gaul.

Cite (SBL): Orosius, Hist. 7.40.3 (CSEL 5:549–550; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-40-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-40-3

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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin of Zangemeister, CSEL 5 (1882), digital text (OCR slips corrected by logged corrections; Zangemeister's square brackets treated as deletions), then compared with the copyrighted translation in Fathers of the Church 50 (Deferrari; private error-checking only, nothing copied).

7.40.4CSEL 5:550

His per Gallias bacchantibus apud Britannias Gratianus, municeps eiusdem insulae, tyrannus creatur et occiditur. huius loco Constantinus ex infima militia propter solam spem nominis sine merito uirtutis eligitur: qui continuo, ut inuasit imperium, in Gallias transiit. ibi saepe a barbaris incertis foederibus inlusus, detrimento magis reipublicae fuit.

While these were raging through the Gauls, in the Britains Gratian, a native of that island, was made tyrant and killed. In his place Constantine was chosen from the lowest ranks of the army only for the hope of his name, without any merit of courage; as soon as he seized the empire, he crossed into the Gauls. There, often mocked by the barbarians with uncertain treaties, he was rather a detriment to the commonwealth.

Notes and citation

Summary: Gratian and Constantine III usurp in Britain.

Cite (SBL): Orosius, Hist. 7.40.4 (CSEL 5:550; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-40-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-40-4

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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin of Zangemeister, CSEL 5 (1882), digital text (OCR slips corrected by logged corrections; Zangemeister's square brackets treated as deletions), then compared with the copyrighted translation in Fathers of the Church 50 (Deferrari; private error-checking only, nothing copied).

7.40.5CSEL 5:550–551

misit in Hispanias iudices: quos cum prouinciae oboedienter accepissent, duo fratres iuuenes nobiles et locupletes Didymus et Verinianus non assumere aduersus tyrannum quidem tyrannidem sed imperatori iusto aduersus tyrannum et barbaros tueri sese patriamque suam moliti sunt. quod ipso gestae rei ordine patuit.

He sent judges into the Spains; when the provinces had received them obediently, two brothers, young, noble, and rich, Didymus and Verinianus, undertook, not indeed to assume a tyranny against the tyrant, but to protect themselves and their homeland for the lawful emperor against the tyrant and the barbarians. This was plain from the very order of what was done.

Notes and citation

Summary: Didymus and Verinianus resist Constantine.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (Cyrillic letter in the digital text): misit in Нispanias → misit in Hispanias.

Cite (SBL): Orosius, Hist. 7.40.5 (CSEL 5:550–551; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-40-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-40-5

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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin of Zangemeister, CSEL 5 (1882), digital text (OCR slips corrected by logged corrections; Zangemeister's square brackets treated as deletions), then compared with the copyrighted translation in Fathers of the Church 50 (Deferrari; private error-checking only, nothing copied).

7.40.6CSEL 5:551

nam tyrannidem nemo nisi celeriter maturatam secrete inuadit at publice armat, cuius summa est assumpto diademate ac purpura uideri antequam sciri; hi uero plurimo tempore seruulos tantum suos ex propriis praediis colligentes ac uernaculis alentes sumptibus nec dissimulato proposito absque cuiusquam inquietudine ad Pyrenaei claustra tendebant.

For no one seizes a tyranny except one quickly matured, secretly seized and publicly armed, the sum of which is to be seen in diadem and purple before being known; but these, gathering for a long time only their own slaves from their own estates and feeding them at their own household expense, and without concealing their purpose, were making for the barriers of the Pyrenees without disturbing anyone.

Notes and citation

Summary: Their conduct shows they were not usurpers.

Cite (SBL): Orosius, Hist. 7.40.6 (CSEL 5:551; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-40-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-40-6

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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin of Zangemeister, CSEL 5 (1882), digital text (OCR slips corrected by logged corrections; Zangemeister's square brackets treated as deletions), then compared with the copyrighted translation in Fathers of the Church 50 (Deferrari; private error-checking only, nothing copied).

7.40.7CSEL 5:551

aduersus hos Constantinus Constantem filium suum, — pro dolor! — ex monacho Caesarem factum, cum barbaris quibusdam, qui quondam in foedus recepti atque in militiam allecti Honoriaci uocabantur, in Hispanias misit. hinc apud Hispanias prima mali labes.

Against these Constantine sent into the Spains his son Constans, made (alas!) from a monk a Caesar, with certain barbarians who, once received into alliance and enrolled in the army, were called Honoriaci. From here came the first stain of evil in the Spains.

Notes and citation

Summary: Constans is sent to Spain.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (Cyrillic letter in the digital text; digitization slip): Constantem silium → Constantem filium; hinc apud Нispanias → hinc apud Hispanias.

Cite (SBL): Orosius, Hist. 7.40.7 (CSEL 5:551; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-40-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-40-7

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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin of Zangemeister, CSEL 5 (1882), digital text (OCR slips corrected by logged corrections; Zangemeister's square brackets treated as deletions), then compared with the copyrighted translation in Fathers of the Church 50 (Deferrari; private error-checking only, nothing copied).

7.40.8CSEL 5:551–552

nam interfectis illis fratribus, qui tutari priuato praesidio Pyrenaei Alpes moliebantur, his barbaris quasi in pretium uictoriae primum praedandi in Pallentinis campis licentia data, dehinc supra dicti montis claustrorumque eius cura permissa est remota rusticanorum fideli et utili custodia.

For when those brothers, who were trying to guard the passes of the Pyrenees with private protection, had been killed, these barbarians were first given license to plunder in the plains of Pallantia, as if as the price of victory, and then the care of the aforesaid mountain and its passes was entrusted to them, the faithful and useful guard of the country people being removed.

Notes and citation

Summary: The Honoriaci are given the Pyrenees.

Cite (SBL): Orosius, Hist. 7.40.8 (CSEL 5:551–552; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-40-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-40-8

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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin of Zangemeister, CSEL 5 (1882), digital text (OCR slips corrected by logged corrections; Zangemeister's square brackets treated as deletions), then compared with the copyrighted translation in Fathers of the Church 50 (Deferrari; private error-checking only, nothing copied).

7.40.9CSEL 5:552

igitur Honoriaci inbuti praeda et inlecti abundantia, quo magis scelus inpunitum foret atque ipsi sceleri plus liceret, prodita Pyrenaei custodia claustrisque patefactis cunctas gentes, quae per Gallias uagabantur, Hispaniarum prouinciis inmittunt isdemque ipsi adiunguntur:

So the Honoriaci, steeped in booty and enticed by abundance, so that their crime might be the more unpunished and more might be allowed the crime itself, betrayed the guard of the Pyrenees, opened the passes, let all the peoples who were wandering through the Gauls into the provinces of the Spains, and joined them themselves:

Notes and citation

Summary: The Honoriaci let the barbarians into Spain.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (stray period): inbuti praeda. et → inbuti praeda et.

Cite (SBL): Orosius, Hist. 7.40.9 (CSEL 5:552; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-40-9). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-40-9

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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin of Zangemeister, CSEL 5 (1882), digital text (OCR slips corrected by logged corrections; Zangemeister's square brackets treated as deletions), then compared with the copyrighted translation in Fathers of the Church 50 (Deferrari; private error-checking only, nothing copied).

7.40.10CSEL 5:552

ubi actis aliquamdiu magnis cruentisque discursibus, post graues rerum atque hominum uastationes, de quibus ipsos quoque modo paenitet, habita sorte et distributa usque ad nunc possessione consistunt.

there, after great and bloody raids for some time, after heavy devastations of property and people, of which they themselves too now repent, they drew lots, distributed the land, and remain in possession down to now.

Notes and citation

Summary: The barbarians settle in Spain.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (digitization slip): eruentisque → cruentisque.

Cite (SBL): Orosius, Hist. 7.40.10 (CSEL 5:552; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-40-10). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-40-10

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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin of Zangemeister, CSEL 5 (1882), digital text (OCR slips corrected by logged corrections; Zangemeister's square brackets treated as deletions), then compared with the copyrighted translation in Fathers of the Church 50 (Deferrari; private error-checking only, nothing copied).

Seven 7, chapter 41

7.41.1CSEL 5:552

Multa nunc mihi de huiuscemodi rebus loquendi facultas foret, si non secundum omnes homines apud unius cuiusque mentem conscientia secreta loqueretur.

I would now have much opportunity to speak about matters of this kind, if a secret conscience did not speak in the mind of each one, as in all men.

Notes and citation

Summary: Conscience speaks to each.

Topics: Conscience

Cite (SBL): Orosius, Hist. 7.41.1 (CSEL 5:552; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-41-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-41-1

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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin of Zangemeister, CSEL 5 (1882), digital text (OCR slips corrected by logged corrections; Zangemeister's square brackets treated as deletions), then compared with the copyrighted translation in Fathers of the Church 50 (Deferrari; private error-checking only, nothing copied).

7.41.2CSEL 5:552–553

inruptae sunt Hispaniae, caedes uastationesque passae sunt: nihil quidem nouum, hoc enim nunc per biennium illud, quo hostilis gladius saeuiit, sustinuere a barbaris, quod per ducentos quondam annos passae fuerant a Romanis, quod etiam sub Gallieno imperatore per annos propemodum duodecim Germanis euertentibus exceperunt.

The Spains were broken into and suffered slaughters and devastations: nothing indeed new, for they have now endured for two years from the barbarians, while the enemy sword raged, what they had once suffered for two hundred years from the Romans, and what they also underwent under the emperor Gallienus for almost twelve years as the Germans overthrew them.

Notes and citation

Summary: Spain's present sufferings are nothing new.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (digitization slip; stray period): inrnptae → inruptae; per biennium. illud → per biennium illud; per ducentos. quondam → per ducentos quondam.

Cite (SBL): Orosius, Hist. 7.41.2 (CSEL 5:552–553; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-41-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-41-2

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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin of Zangemeister, CSEL 5 (1882), digital text (OCR slips corrected by logged corrections; Zangemeister's square brackets treated as deletions), then compared with the copyrighted translation in Fathers of the Church 50 (Deferrari; private error-checking only, nothing copied).

7.41.3CSEL 5:553

uerumtamen quis non se, qui sui suorumque actuum uel etiam cogitationum conscius indicia Dei metuit, iuste omnia passum uel etiam parua sustinuisse fateatur? aut qui se non intellegit Deumque non metuit, quomodo non iuste ista et quidem parua sustinuit?

Yet who, conscious of himself and of his deeds, or even of his thoughts, and fearing the judgments of God, would not confess that he suffered everything justly or even endured little? Or he who does not understand himself and does not fear God, how has he not suffered these things justly, and indeed little?

Notes and citation

Summary: All suffer justly.

Topics: Providence

Cite (SBL): Orosius, Hist. 7.41.3 (CSEL 5:553; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-41-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-41-3

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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin of Zangemeister, CSEL 5 (1882), digital text (OCR slips corrected by logged corrections; Zangemeister's square brackets treated as deletions), then compared with the copyrighted translation in Fathers of the Church 50 (Deferrari; private error-checking only, nothing copied).

7.41.4CSEL 5:553

quae cum ita sint, illud tamen clementia Dei eadem pietate, qua dudum praedixerat, procurauit, ut secundum euangelium suum, quo incessabiliter commonebat, cum uos persecuti fuerint in una ciuitate, fugite in aliam, quisque egredi atque abire uellet, ipsis barbaris mercennariis ministris ac defensoribus uteretur.

Since this is so, the mercy of God nevertheless provided, with the same kindness with which he had long ago foretold it, that, according to his gospel, in which he ceaselessly warned, “When they persecute you in one city, flee to another,” whoever wished to go out and leave should use the barbarians themselves as hired servants and protectors.

Matt 10:23 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: The barbarians helped refugees leave.

Quotation of Matt 10:23.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (digitization slip and stray period): quae oum ita sint, illud tamen clementia. Dei → quae cum ita sint, illud tamen clementia Dei.

Cite (SBL): Orosius, Hist. 7.41.4 (CSEL 5:553; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-41-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-41-4

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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin of Zangemeister, CSEL 5 (1882), digital text (OCR slips corrected by logged corrections; Zangemeister's square brackets treated as deletions), then compared with the copyrighted translation in Fathers of the Church 50 (Deferrari; private error-checking only, nothing copied).

7.41.5CSEL 5:553

hoc tunc ipsi ultro offerebant; et qui auferre omnia interfectis omnibus poterant, particulam stipendii ob mercedem seruitii sui et transuecti oneris flagitabant. et hoc quidem a plurimis factum est.

This they then offered of their own accord; and those who could have taken everything by killing everyone demanded a small part of payment as the wage of their service and of the burden carried. And this indeed was done by very many.

Notes and citation

Summary: They escorted people for small payment.

Cite (SBL): Orosius, Hist. 7.41.5 (CSEL 5:553; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-41-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-41-5

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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin of Zangemeister, CSEL 5 (1882), digital text (OCR slips corrected by logged corrections; Zangemeister's square brackets treated as deletions), then compared with the copyrighted translation in Fathers of the Church 50 (Deferrari; private error-checking only, nothing copied).

7.41.6CSEL 5:553–554

qui autem non crediderunt euangelio Dei quasi contumaces, uel si etiam non audierunt dupliciter contumaces, non dederunt locum irae, iuste a superueniente ira conprehensi et oppressi sunt.

But those who did not believe the gospel of God, as stubborn, or, if they did not even hear it, doubly stubborn, did not give place to wrath, and were justly caught and crushed by the wrath that came upon them.

Rom 12:19 (allusion, medium confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Those who did not flee were overtaken.

“Give place to wrath”: Rom 12:19.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (digitization slip): enangelio → euangelio.

Cite (SBL): Orosius, Hist. 7.41.6 (CSEL 5:553–554; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-41-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-41-6

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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin of Zangemeister, CSEL 5 (1882), digital text (OCR slips corrected by logged corrections; Zangemeister's square brackets treated as deletions), then compared with the copyrighted translation in Fathers of the Church 50 (Deferrari; private error-checking only, nothing copied).

7.41.7CSEL 5:554

quamquam et post hoc quoque continuo barbari exsecrati gladios suos ad aratra conuersi sunt residuosque Romanos ut socios modo et amicos fouent, ut inueniantur iam inter eos quidam Romani, qui malint inter barbaros pauperem libertatem, quam inter Romanos tributariam sollicitudinem sustinere.

Although even after this, at once, the barbarians, cursing their swords, turned to the plow, and now cherish the remaining Romans as allies and friends, so that there are found among them some Romans who prefer poor freedom among the barbarians to anxiety over tribute among the Romans.

Isa 2:4 (allusion, medium confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: The barbarians turn swords to plows.

Compare Isa 2:4.

Cite (SBL): Orosius, Hist. 7.41.7 (CSEL 5:554; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-41-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-41-7

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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin of Zangemeister, CSEL 5 (1882), digital text (OCR slips corrected by logged corrections; Zangemeister's square brackets treated as deletions), then compared with the copyrighted translation in Fathers of the Church 50 (Deferrari; private error-checking only, nothing copied).

7.41.8CSEL 5:554

quamquam si ob hoc solum barbari Romanis finibus inmissi forent, quod uulgo per Orientem et Occidentem ecclesiae Christi Hunis Suebis Vandalis et Burgundionibus diuersisque innumeris credentium populis replentur, laudanda et adtollenda misericordia Dei uideretur, quandoquidem, etsi cum labefactione nostri, tantae gentes agnitionem ueritatis acciperent, quam inuenire utique nisi hac occasione non possent.

And yet, if the barbarians had been let into Roman territory only so that the churches of Christ throughout East and West are commonly filled with Huns, Suebi, Vandals, and Burgundians and various countless peoples of believers, the mercy of God would seem to be praised and extolled, since, even with our ruin, such great nations would receive the knowledge of the truth, which they surely could not find except by this occasion.

Notes and citation

Summary: The invasions brought the nations to Christ.

Topics: Mission and the spread of the gospel

Cite (SBL): Orosius, Hist. 7.41.8 (CSEL 5:554; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-41-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-41-8

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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin of Zangemeister, CSEL 5 (1882), digital text (OCR slips corrected by logged corrections; Zangemeister's square brackets treated as deletions), then compared with the copyrighted translation in Fathers of the Church 50 (Deferrari; private error-checking only, nothing copied).

7.41.9CSEL 5:554–555

quid enim damni est Christiano ad uitam aeternam inhianti, huic saeculo quolibet tempore et quoquo pacto abstrahi? quid autem lucri est pagano in medio Christianorum aduersus fidem obdurato, si paulo diutius diem protrahat, quandoque morituro, cui desperata conuersio est?

For what loss is it to a Christian eager for eternal life to be withdrawn from this world at any time and in any way? But what gain is it to a pagan, hardened against the faith in the midst of Christians, if he prolongs his day a little longer, being sure to die at some time, when his conversion is despaired of?

Notes and citation

Summary: Death is no loss to the Christian.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (stray marks): abstrahi?..quid → abstrahi? quid.

Topics: Death and burial

Cite (SBL): Orosius, Hist. 7.41.9 (CSEL 5:554–555; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-41-9). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-41-9

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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin of Zangemeister, CSEL 5 (1882), digital text (OCR slips corrected by logged corrections; Zangemeister's square brackets treated as deletions), then compared with the copyrighted translation in Fathers of the Church 50 (Deferrari; private error-checking only, nothing copied).

7.41.10CSEL 5:555

Et quia ineffabilia sunt iudicia Dei, quae nec scire omnia nec explicare quae scimus possumus, breuiter expresserim, correptionem iudicis Dei, quoquo pacto accidat, iuste sustinere qui sciunt, iuste sustinere qui nesciunt.

And since the judgments of God are ineffable, which we can neither know all of nor explain the ones we know, I would express it briefly: that those who know it justly endure the chastisement of God the judge, in whatever way it happens, and those who do not know it justly endure it.

Rom 11:33 (echo, low confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: God's judgments are ineffable but just.

Compare Rom 11:33.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (digitization slips): ineffabilia eunt iudicia Dei, quae neo scire → ineffabilia sunt iudicia Dei, quae nec scire.

Topics: Providence

Cite (SBL): Orosius, Hist. 7.41.10 (CSEL 5:555; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-41-10). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-41-10

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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin of Zangemeister, CSEL 5 (1882), digital text (OCR slips corrected by logged corrections; Zangemeister's square brackets treated as deletions), then compared with the copyrighted translation in Fathers of the Church 50 (Deferrari; private error-checking only, nothing copied).

Seven 7, chapter 42

7.42.1CSEL 5:555

Anno ab Vrbe condita MCLXV Honorius imperator, uidens tot oppositis tyrannis nihil aduersus barbaros agi posse, ipsos prius tyrannos deleri iubet. Constantio comiti huius belli summa commissa est.

In the 1165th year from the founding of the City, the emperor Honorius, seeing that nothing could be done against the barbarians with so many tyrants opposed to him, ordered the tyrants themselves to be destroyed first. The supreme command of this war was given to Count Constantius.

Notes and citation

Summary: Honorius sends Constantius against the usurpers.

Cite (SBL): Orosius, Hist. 7.42.1 (CSEL 5:555; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-42-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-42-1

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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin of Zangemeister, CSEL 5 (1882), digital text (OCR slips corrected by logged corrections; Zangemeister's square brackets treated as deletions), then compared with the copyrighted translation in Fathers of the Church 50 (Deferrari; private error-checking only, nothing copied).

7.42.2CSEL 5:555

sensit tunc demum respublica et quam utilitatem in Romano tandem duce receperit et quam eatenus perniciem per longa tempora barbaris comitibus subiecta tolerarit.

Then at last the commonwealth felt both what advantage it had at last received in a Roman general and what ruin it had endured for long times while subject to barbarian counts.

Notes and citation

Summary: The value of a Roman general.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (stray period): subiecta. tolerarit → subiecta tolerarit.

Cite (SBL): Orosius, Hist. 7.42.2 (CSEL 5:555; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-42-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-42-2

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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin of Zangemeister, CSEL 5 (1882), digital text (OCR slips corrected by logged corrections; Zangemeister's square brackets treated as deletions), then compared with the copyrighted translation in Fathers of the Church 50 (Deferrari; private error-checking only, nothing copied).

7.42.3CSEL 5:555

igitur Constantius comes in Galliam cum exercitu profectus, Constantinum imperatorem apud Arelatem ciuitatem clausit cepit occidit. Iam hinc, ut de catalogo tyrannorum quam breuissime

So Count Constantius, setting out for Gaul with an army, shut in, captured, and killed the emperor Constantine at the city of Arelate. From here, to speak as briefly as possible of the catalogue of tyrants:

Notes and citation

Summary: Constantine III is killed at Arles.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (digitization slip and stray period (the sentence continues in the next section)): lam hinc, ut de catalogo tyrannorum quam breuissime. → Iam hinc, ut de catalogo tyrannorum quam breuissime.

Cite (SBL): Orosius, Hist. 7.42.3 (CSEL 5:555; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-42-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-42-3

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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin of Zangemeister, CSEL 5 (1882), digital text (OCR slips corrected by logged corrections; Zangemeister's square brackets treated as deletions), then compared with the copyrighted translation in Fathers of the Church 50 (Deferrari; private error-checking only, nothing copied).

7.42.4CSEL 5:556

loquar, Constantem Constantini filium Gerontius comes suus, uir nequam magis quam probus, apud Viennam interfecit atque in eius locum Maximum quendam substituit. ipse uero Gerontius a suis militibus occisus est.

Gerontius, his own count, a worthless rather than an upright man, killed Constans, Constantine's son, at Vienne and put a certain Maximus in his place. Gerontius himself was killed by his own soldiers.

Notes and citation

Summary: Constans is killed; Maximus set up.

The first word, “loquar,” completes the sentence of 7.42.3.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (Cyrillic letter in the digital text): Мaximum → Maximum.

Cite (SBL): Orosius, Hist. 7.42.4 (CSEL 5:556; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-42-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-42-4

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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin of Zangemeister, CSEL 5 (1882), digital text (OCR slips corrected by logged corrections; Zangemeister's square brackets treated as deletions), then compared with the copyrighted translation in Fathers of the Church 50 (Deferrari; private error-checking only, nothing copied).

7.42.5CSEL 5:556

Maximus exutus purpura destitutusque a militibus Gallicanis, qui in Africam traiecti, deinde in Italiam reuocati sunt, nunc inter barbaros in Hispania egens exulat.

Maximus, stripped of the purple and abandoned by the Gallic soldiers, who were taken across to Africa and then recalled to Italy, now lives in exile, needy, among the barbarians in Spain.

Notes and citation

Summary: Maximus lives in exile in Spain.

Cite (SBL): Orosius, Hist. 7.42.5 (CSEL 5:556; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-42-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-42-5

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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin of Zangemeister, CSEL 5 (1882), digital text (OCR slips corrected by logged corrections; Zangemeister's square brackets treated as deletions), then compared with the copyrighted translation in Fathers of the Church 50 (Deferrari; private error-checking only, nothing copied).

7.42.6CSEL 5:556

Iouinus postea uir Galliarum nobilissimus in tyrannidem mox ut adsurrexit et cecidit. Sebastianus frater eiusdem hoc solum, ut tyrannus moreretur, elegit: nam continuo ut creatus occisus est.

Jovinus afterward, a most noble man of the Gauls, fell as soon as he rose into tyranny. Sebastian, his brother, chose only this, to die a tyrant: for as soon as he was created he was killed.

Notes and citation

Summary: Jovinus and Sebastian.

Cite (SBL): Orosius, Hist. 7.42.6 (CSEL 5:556; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-42-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-42-6

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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin of Zangemeister, CSEL 5 (1882), digital text (OCR slips corrected by logged corrections; Zangemeister's square brackets treated as deletions), then compared with the copyrighted translation in Fathers of the Church 50 (Deferrari; private error-checking only, nothing copied).

7.42.7CSEL 5:556–557

quid de infelicissimo Attalo loquar, cui occidi inter tyrannos honor et mori lucrum fuit? in hoc Alaricus imperatore facto infecto refecto ac defecto, citius his omnibus actis paene quam dictis, mimum risit et ludum spectauit imperii;

What shall I say of the most unhappy Attalus, for whom to be killed among tyrants was an honor and to die a gain? In him Alaric, making, unmaking, remaking, and unmaking an emperor, all done almost more quickly than said, laughed at a farce and watched a play of empire;

Notes and citation

Summary: Attalus, Alaric's puppet emperor.

Cite (SBL): Orosius, Hist. 7.42.7 (CSEL 5:556–557; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-42-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-42-7

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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin of Zangemeister, CSEL 5 (1882), digital text (OCR slips corrected by logged corrections; Zangemeister's square brackets treated as deletions), then compared with the copyrighted translation in Fathers of the Church 50 (Deferrari; private error-checking only, nothing copied).

7.42.8CSEL 5:557

nec mirum si iure hac pompa miser lusus est, cuius ille umbratilis consul Tertullus ausus est in curia dicere loquar uobis, patres conscripti, consul et pontifex, quorum alterum teneo, alterum spero, sperans ab eo qui spem non habebat et maledictus utique quia spem suam posuerat in homine.

nor is it wonderful if the wretch was rightly mocked by this pageant, whose shadowy consul Tertullus dared to say in the senate house: “I shall speak to you, conscript fathers, as consul and pontiff, of which I hold the one and hope for the other,” hoping from one who had no hope, and surely accursed because he had placed his hope in man.

Jer 17:5 (allusion, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Tertullus's boast.

“Accursed … who placed his hope in man”: Jer 17:5.

Cite (SBL): Orosius, Hist. 7.42.8 (CSEL 5:557; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-42-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-42-8

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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin of Zangemeister, CSEL 5 (1882), digital text (OCR slips corrected by logged corrections; Zangemeister's square brackets treated as deletions), then compared with the copyrighted translation in Fathers of the Church 50 (Deferrari; private error-checking only, nothing copied).

7.42.9CSEL 5:557

Attalus itaque tamquam inane imperii simulacrum cum Gothis usque ad Hispanias portatus est, unde discedens naui incerta moliens in mari captus et ad Constantium comitem deductus, deinde imperatori Honorio exhibitus truncata manu uitae relictus est.

So Attalus, as an empty image of empire, was carried with the Goths as far as the Spains; leaving there by ship, planning uncertain things, he was captured at sea and brought to Count Constantius, then presented to the emperor Honorius, and was left alive with his hand cut off.

Notes and citation

Summary: Attalus is captured and mutilated.

Cite (SBL): Orosius, Hist. 7.42.9 (CSEL 5:557; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-42-9). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-42-9

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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin of Zangemeister, CSEL 5 (1882), digital text (OCR slips corrected by logged corrections; Zangemeister's square brackets treated as deletions), then compared with the copyrighted translation in Fathers of the Church 50 (Deferrari; private error-checking only, nothing copied).

7.42.10CSEL 5:557

Heraclianus interea Africae comes missus, cum idem Attalus umbram gestaret imperii, Africam strenue aduersum iudices ab eo missos tutatus, consulatum adsecutus est;

Heraclian meanwhile, sent as count of Africa, when the same Attalus was bearing the shadow of empire, vigorously defended Africa against the judges sent by him and obtained the consulship;

Notes and citation

Summary: Heraclian defends Africa.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (digitization slip): Heraclianos interea → Heraclianus interea; aduersum indices → aduersum iudices.

Cite (SBL): Orosius, Hist. 7.42.10 (CSEL 5:557; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-42-10). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-42-10

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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin of Zangemeister, CSEL 5 (1882), digital text (OCR slips corrected by logged corrections; Zangemeister's square brackets treated as deletions), then compared with the copyrighted translation in Fathers of the Church 50 (Deferrari; private error-checking only, nothing copied).

7.42.11CSEL 5:557

quo elatus supercilio Sabinum domesticum suum, uirum ingenio callidum industriaque sollertem et sapientem nominandum si animi uires tranquillis studiis adcommodauisset, generum allegit;

elated by this pride, he chose as son-in-law Sabinus, his household officer, a man clever in wit and skilled in industry, and to be called wise if he had applied the powers of his mind to peaceful studies;

Notes and citation

Summary: Heraclian's son-in-law Sabinus.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (digitization slip): sapercilio → supercilio; adeommodauisset → adcommodauisset.

Cite (SBL): Orosius, Hist. 7.42.11 (CSEL 5:557; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-42-11). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-42-11

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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin of Zangemeister, CSEL 5 (1882), digital text (OCR slips corrected by logged corrections; Zangemeister's square brackets treated as deletions), then compared with the copyrighted translation in Fathers of the Church 50 (Deferrari; private error-checking only, nothing copied).

7.42.12CSEL 5:557–558

cum quo quorundam periculorum suspiciones dum patitur fecit atque, aliquamdiu Africana annona extra ordinem detenta, ipse tandem cum inmensa, certe temporibus nostris satis incredibili classe nauium Romam contendit.

with him, while he suffered suspicions of certain dangers, he caused them; and having for some time held back the African grain supply out of order, he at last himself made for Rome with an immense fleet of ships, certainly quite incredible in our times.

Notes and citation

Summary: Heraclian sails against Rome.

The first clause is obscure in the Latin; translated literally.

Cite (SBL): Orosius, Hist. 7.42.12 (CSEL 5:557–558; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-42-12). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-42-12

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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin of Zangemeister, CSEL 5 (1882), digital text (OCR slips corrected by logged corrections; Zangemeister's square brackets treated as deletions), then compared with the copyrighted translation in Fathers of the Church 50 (Deferrari; private error-checking only, nothing copied).

7.42.13CSEL 5:558

nam habuisse tunc tria milia septingentas naues dicitur, quem numerum ne apud Xerxen quidem praeclarum illum Persarum regem et Alexandrum Magnum uel quemquam alium regum fuisse historiae ferunt.

For he is said to have had then three thousand seven hundred ships, a number which histories report not even Xerxes, that famous king of the Persians, nor Alexander the Great, nor any other king had.

Notes and citation

Summary: Heraclian's enormous fleet.

Cite (SBL): Orosius, Hist. 7.42.13 (CSEL 5:558; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-42-13). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-42-13

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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin of Zangemeister, CSEL 5 (1882), digital text (OCR slips corrected by logged corrections; Zangemeister's square brackets treated as deletions), then compared with the copyrighted translation in Fathers of the Church 50 (Deferrari; private error-checking only, nothing copied).

7.42.14CSEL 5:558

is simul ut cum agmine militum ad Vrbem pergens litore egressus est, occursu comitis Marini territus et in fugam uersus, arrepta naui solus Carthaginem rediit atque ibi continuo militari manu interfectus est. Sabinus gener eius Constantinopolim fugit, unde post aliquantum temporis retractus exilioque damnatus est.

As soon as he went ashore, making for the City with a column of soldiers, terrified by meeting Count Marinus and turned to flight, he seized a ship and returned alone to Carthage, and there at once was killed by a band of soldiers. Sabinus, his son-in-law, fled to Constantinople, from where after some time he was brought back and condemned to exile.

Notes and citation

Summary: Heraclian's defeat and death.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (digitization slips): is simnl ut cum agmine milltum → is simul ut cum agmine militum.

Cite (SBL): Orosius, Hist. 7.42.14 (CSEL 5:558; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-42-14). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-42-14

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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin of Zangemeister, CSEL 5 (1882), digital text (OCR slips corrected by logged corrections; Zangemeister's square brackets treated as deletions), then compared with the copyrighted translation in Fathers of the Church 50 (Deferrari; private error-checking only, nothing copied).

7.42.15CSEL 5:558

Hunc omnem catalogum, ut dixi, uel manifestorum tyrannorum uel inoboedientium ducum optima Honorius imperator religione et felicitate meruit, magna Constantius comes industria et celeritate confecit:

This whole catalogue, as I said, of either open tyrants or disobedient generals, the emperor Honorius earned by his excellent religion and good fortune, and Count Constantius finished with great industry and speed:

Notes and citation

Summary: Honorius and Constantius overcome all usurpers.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (digitization slip): tyrannoram → tyrannorum.

Cite (SBL): Orosius, Hist. 7.42.15 (CSEL 5:558; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-42-15). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-42-15

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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin of Zangemeister, CSEL 5 (1882), digital text (OCR slips corrected by logged corrections; Zangemeister's square brackets treated as deletions), then compared with the copyrighted translation in Fathers of the Church 50 (Deferrari; private error-checking only, nothing copied).

7.42.16CSEL 5:558

merito sane, quia in his diebus praecipiente Honorio et adiuuante Constantio pax et unitas per uniuersam Africam Ecclesiae catholicae reddita est et corpus Christi, quod nos sumus, redintegrata discissione sanatum est, imposita exsecutione sacri praecepti Marcellino tribuno, uiro inprimis prudenti et industrio omniumque bonorum studiorum appetentissimo.

rightly indeed, because in these days, at the command of Honorius and with the help of Constantius, peace and unity were restored to the catholic church throughout all Africa, and the body of Christ, which we are, was healed, its division mended, the execution of the sacred command being laid on the tribune Marcellinus, a man above all prudent and industrious and most eager for all good studies.

1 Cor 12:27 (allusion, medium confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Unity is restored to the African church.

The conference of Carthage (411) against the Donatists. “The body of Christ, which we are”: compare 1 Cor 12:27.

Topics: Heresy, Schism and unity

Cite (SBL): Orosius, Hist. 7.42.16 (CSEL 5:558; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-42-16). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-42-16

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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin of Zangemeister, CSEL 5 (1882), digital text (OCR slips corrected by logged corrections; Zangemeister's square brackets treated as deletions), then compared with the copyrighted translation in Fathers of the Church 50 (Deferrari; private error-checking only, nothing copied).

7.42.17CSEL 5:558–559

quem Marinus comes apud Carthaginem — incertum zelo stimulatus an auro corruptus — occidit: qui continuo reuocatus ex Africa factusque priuatus uel ad poenam uel ad paenitentiam conscientiae suae dimissus est.

Count Marinus killed him at Carthage, whether stirred by zeal or bribed with gold is uncertain; Marinus was at once recalled from Africa, made a private man, and left either to punishment or to the repentance of his conscience.

Notes and citation

Summary: Marcellinus is killed by Marinus.

Cite (SBL): Orosius, Hist. 7.42.17 (CSEL 5:558–559; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-42-17). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-42-17

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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin of Zangemeister, CSEL 5 (1882), digital text (OCR slips corrected by logged corrections; Zangemeister's square brackets treated as deletions), then compared with the copyrighted translation in Fathers of the Church 50 (Deferrari; private error-checking only, nothing copied).

Seven 7, chapter 43

7.43.1CSEL 5:559

Anno ab Vrbe condita MCLXVIII Constantius comes apud Arelatem Galliae urbem consistens, magna rerum gerendarum industria Gothos a Narbona expulit atque abire in Hispaniam coegit interdicto praecipue atque intercluso omni commeatu nauium et peregrinorum usu commerciorum.

In the 1168th year from the founding of the City, Count Constantius, staying at Arelate, a city of Gaul, with great industry in conducting affairs drove the Goths out of Narbo and forced them to go into Spain, chiefly by forbidding and cutting off all supply by ships and the use of foreign trade.

Notes and citation

Summary: Constantius drives the Goths into Spain.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (digitization slip): Constantins comes → Constantius comes.

Cite (SBL): Orosius, Hist. 7.43.1 (CSEL 5:559; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-43-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-43-1

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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin of Zangemeister, CSEL 5 (1882), digital text (OCR slips corrected by logged corrections; Zangemeister's square brackets treated as deletions), then compared with the copyrighted translation in Fathers of the Church 50 (Deferrari; private error-checking only, nothing copied).

7.43.2CSEL 5:559

Gothorum tunc populis Athaulfus rex praeerat: qui post inruptionem Vrbis ac mortem Alarici Placidia, ut dixi, captiua sorore imperatoris, in uxorem adsumpta Alarico in regnum successerat.

King Athaulf then ruled the peoples of the Goths; he, after the breaking into the City and the death of Alaric, having taken as wife, as I said, Placidia, the captive sister of the emperor, had succeeded Alaric in the kingship.

Notes and citation

Summary: Athaulf succeeds Alaric.

Cite (SBL): Orosius, Hist. 7.43.2 (CSEL 5:559; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-43-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-43-2

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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin of Zangemeister, CSEL 5 (1882), digital text (OCR slips corrected by logged corrections; Zangemeister's square brackets treated as deletions), then compared with the copyrighted translation in Fathers of the Church 50 (Deferrari; private error-checking only, nothing copied).

7.43.3CSEL 5:559

is, ut saepe auditum atque ultimo exitu eius probatum est, satis studiose sectator pacis militare fideliter Honorio imperatori ac pro defendenda Romana republica inpendere uires Gothorum praeoptauit.

He, as was often heard and proved by his final end, a quite zealous follower of peace, chose to serve the emperor Honorius faithfully and to spend the strength of the Goths in defense of the Roman commonwealth.

Notes and citation

Summary: Athaulf seeks peace with Rome.

Cite (SBL): Orosius, Hist. 7.43.3 (CSEL 5:559; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-43-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-43-3

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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin of Zangemeister, CSEL 5 (1882), digital text (OCR slips corrected by logged corrections; Zangemeister's square brackets treated as deletions), then compared with the copyrighted translation in Fathers of the Church 50 (Deferrari; private error-checking only, nothing copied).

7.43.4CSEL 5:559–560

nam ego quoque ipse uirum quendam Narbonensem inlustris sub Theodosio militiae, etiam religiosum prudentemque et grauem, apud Bethleem oppidum Palaestinae beatissimo Hieronymo presbytero referentem audiui, se familiarissimum Athaulfo apud Narbonam fuisse ac de eo saepe sub testificatione didicisse, quod ille, cum esset animo uiribus ingenioque nimius, referre solitus esset:

For I myself too heard a certain man of Narbo, of distinguished service under Theodosius, a man also religious, prudent, and grave, telling the most blessed presbyter Jerome at Bethlehem, a town of Palestine, that he had been very intimate with Athaulf at Narbo and had often learned from him, under oath, what Athaulf, a man excessive in spirit, strength, and talent, used to relate:

Notes and citation

Summary: Orosius heard of Athaulf in Jerome's presence.

Cite (SBL): Orosius, Hist. 7.43.4 (CSEL 5:559–560; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-43-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-43-4

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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin of Zangemeister, CSEL 5 (1882), digital text (OCR slips corrected by logged corrections; Zangemeister's square brackets treated as deletions), then compared with the copyrighted translation in Fathers of the Church 50 (Deferrari; private error-checking only, nothing copied).

7.43.5CSEL 5:560

se inprimis ardenter inhiasse, ut oblitterato Romano nomine Romanum omne solum Gothorum imperium et faceret et uocaret essetque, ut uulgariter loquar, Gothia quod Romania fuisset et fieret nunc Athaulfus quod quondam Caesar Augustus,

that at first he had ardently longed to blot out the Roman name and to make and call all Roman soil the empire of the Goths, so that, to speak popularly, what had been Romania should be Gothia, and Athaulf should now become what Caesar Augustus had once been;

Notes and citation

Summary: Athaulf's first ambition: Gothia for Romania.

Cite (SBL): Orosius, Hist. 7.43.5 (CSEL 5:560; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-43-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-43-5

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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin of Zangemeister, CSEL 5 (1882), digital text (OCR slips corrected by logged corrections; Zangemeister's square brackets treated as deletions), then compared with the copyrighted translation in Fathers of the Church 50 (Deferrari; private error-checking only, nothing copied).

7.43.6CSEL 5:560

at ubi multa experientia probauisset neque Gothos ullo modo parere legibus posse propter effrenatam barbariem neque reipublicae interdici leges oportere, sine quibus respublica non est respublica, elegisse saltim, ut gloriam sibi de restituendo in integrum augendoque Romano nomine Gothorum uiribus quaereret habereturque apud posteros Romanae restitutionis auctor, postquam esse non potuerat immutator.

but when he had proved by much experience that neither could the Goths in any way obey laws because of their unbridled barbarism, nor ought laws be forbidden to the commonwealth, without which a commonwealth is not a commonwealth, he had chosen at least to seek glory for himself by restoring the Roman name entire and increasing it with the strength of the Goths, and to be held by posterity as the author of the Roman restoration, since he could not be its changer.

Notes and citation

Summary: Athaulf chose to restore Rome instead.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (stray period): respublica non est respublica,. → respublica non est respublica,.

Cite (SBL): Orosius, Hist. 7.43.6 (CSEL 5:560; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-43-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-43-6

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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin of Zangemeister, CSEL 5 (1882), digital text (OCR slips corrected by logged corrections; Zangemeister's square brackets treated as deletions), then compared with the copyrighted translation in Fathers of the Church 50 (Deferrari; private error-checking only, nothing copied).

7.43.7CSEL 5:560–561

ob hoc abstinere a bello, ob hoc inhiare paci nitebatur, praecipue Placidiae uxoris suae, feminae sane ingenio acerrimae et religione satis probae, ad omnia bonarum ordinationum opera persuasu et consilio temperatus.

For this he strove to abstain from war, for this to long for peace, tempered toward all works of good ordering especially by the persuasion and counsel of his wife Placidia, a woman indeed of very keen intelligence and quite upright in religion.

Notes and citation

Summary: Placidia's influence for peace.

Topics: Marriage

Cite (SBL): Orosius, Hist. 7.43.7 (CSEL 5:560–561; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-43-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-43-7

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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin of Zangemeister, CSEL 5 (1882), digital text (OCR slips corrected by logged corrections; Zangemeister's square brackets treated as deletions), then compared with the copyrighted translation in Fathers of the Church 50 (Deferrari; private error-checking only, nothing copied).

7.43.8CSEL 5:561

cumque eidem paci petendae atque offerendae studiosissime insisteret, apud Barcinonam Hispaniae urbem dolo suorum, ut fertur, occisus est.

And while he was pressing most zealously on seeking and offering that peace, he was killed at Barcino, a city of Spain, by the treachery of his own men, as is reported.

Notes and citation

Summary: Athaulf is murdered at Barcelona.

Cite (SBL): Orosius, Hist. 7.43.8 (CSEL 5:561; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-43-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-43-8

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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin of Zangemeister, CSEL 5 (1882), digital text (OCR slips corrected by logged corrections; Zangemeister's square brackets treated as deletions), then compared with the copyrighted translation in Fathers of the Church 50 (Deferrari; private error-checking only, nothing copied).

7.43.9CSEL 5:561

Post hunc Segericus rex a Gothis creatus cum itidem iudicio Dei ad pacem pronus esset, nihilominus a suis interfectus est.

After him Segeric was made king by the Goths; and since he too, by the judgment of God, was inclined to peace, he was nonetheless killed by his own men.

Notes and citation

Summary: Segeric is killed.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (digitization slip): creatus oum itidem → creatus cum itidem.

Cite (SBL): Orosius, Hist. 7.43.9 (CSEL 5:561; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-43-9). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-43-9

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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin of Zangemeister, CSEL 5 (1882), digital text (OCR slips corrected by logged corrections; Zangemeister's square brackets treated as deletions), then compared with the copyrighted translation in Fathers of the Church 50 (Deferrari; private error-checking only, nothing copied).

7.43.10CSEL 5:561

Deinde Vallia successit in regnum ad hoc electus a Gothis, ut pacem infringeret, ad hoc ordinatus a Deo, ut pacem confirmaret.

Then Wallia succeeded to the kingship, chosen by the Goths for this, to break the peace, ordained by God for this, to confirm the peace.

Notes and citation

Summary: Wallia becomes king.

Cite (SBL): Orosius, Hist. 7.43.10 (CSEL 5:561; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-43-10). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-43-10

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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin of Zangemeister, CSEL 5 (1882), digital text (OCR slips corrected by logged corrections; Zangemeister's square brackets treated as deletions), then compared with the copyrighted translation in Fathers of the Church 50 (Deferrari; private error-checking only, nothing copied).

7.43.11CSEL 5:561–562

hic igitur — territus maxime iudicio Dei, quia cum magna superiore abhinc anno Gothorum manus instructa armis nauigiisque transire in Africam moliretur, in duodecim milibus passuum Gaditani freti tempestate correpta, miserabili

He, then, terrified chiefly by the judgment of God, because, when a great band of Goths, equipped with arms and ships, had tried a year before to cross into Africa, caught by a storm within twelve miles of the strait of Gades, it had perished by a pitiable

Notes and citation

Summary: Wallia is frightened by a Gothic disaster at sea.

Cite (SBL): Orosius, Hist. 7.43.11 (CSEL 5:561–562; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-43-11). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-43-11

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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin of Zangemeister, CSEL 5 (1882), digital text (OCR slips corrected by logged corrections; Zangemeister's square brackets treated as deletions), then compared with the copyrighted translation in Fathers of the Church 50 (Deferrari; private error-checking only, nothing copied).

7.43.12CSEL 5:562

exitu perierat, memor etiam illius acceptae sub Alarico cladis, cum in Siciliam Gothi transire conati, in conspectu suorum miserabiliter arrepti et demersi sunt — pacem optimam cum Honorio imperatore, datis lectissimis obsidibus pepigit; Placidiam imperatoris sororem honorifice apud se honesteque habitam fratri reddidit;

end, and remembering also that disaster suffered under Alaric, when the Goths, trying to cross into Sicily, were pitiably seized and drowned in sight of their own men, made the best peace with the emperor Honorius, giving the choicest hostages; he returned to her brother Placidia, the emperor's sister, whom he had kept honorably and decently;

Notes and citation

Summary: Wallia makes peace and returns Placidia.

Cite (SBL): Orosius, Hist. 7.43.12 (CSEL 5:562; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-43-12). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-43-12

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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin of Zangemeister, CSEL 5 (1882), digital text (OCR slips corrected by logged corrections; Zangemeister's square brackets treated as deletions), then compared with the copyrighted translation in Fathers of the Church 50 (Deferrari; private error-checking only, nothing copied).

7.43.13CSEL 5:562

Romanae securitati periculum suum obtulit, ut aduersus ceteras gentes, quae per Hispanias consedissent, sibi pugnaret et Romanis uinceret.

he offered his own danger for Roman security, to fight for himself against the other peoples who had settled throughout the Spains and to conquer for the Romans.

Notes and citation

Summary: Wallia fights the other barbarians for Rome.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (digitization slip): periculum suum ebtulit → periculum suum obtulit.

Cite (SBL): Orosius, Hist. 7.43.13 (CSEL 5:562; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-43-13). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-43-13

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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin of Zangemeister, CSEL 5 (1882), digital text (OCR slips corrected by logged corrections; Zangemeister's square brackets treated as deletions), then compared with the copyrighted translation in Fathers of the Church 50 (Deferrari; private error-checking only, nothing copied).

7.43.14CSEL 5:562

quamuis et ceteri Alanorum Vandalorum Sueborumque reges eodem nobiscum placito depecti forent mandantes imperatori Honorio: tu cum omnibus pacem habe omniumque obsides accipe: nos nobis confligimus, nobis perimus, tibi uincimus, immortali uero quaestu reipublicae tuae, si utrique pereamus.

Although the other kings too, of the Alans, Vandals, and Suebi, had agreed with us on the same terms, sending to the emperor Honorius: “You, have peace with all and receive hostages from all: we fight one another, we perish for ourselves, we conquer for you, with immortal gain indeed to your commonwealth if we both perish.”

Notes and citation

Summary: The barbarian kings offer to fight for Rome.

Cite (SBL): Orosius, Hist. 7.43.14 (CSEL 5:562; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-43-14). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-43-14

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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin of Zangemeister, CSEL 5 (1882), digital text (OCR slips corrected by logged corrections; Zangemeister's square brackets treated as deletions), then compared with the copyrighted translation in Fathers of the Church 50 (Deferrari; private error-checking only, nothing copied).

7.43.15CSEL 5:562–563

quis haec crederet, nisi res doceret? itaque nunc cottidie apud Hispanias geri bella gentium et agi strages ex alterutro barbarorum crebris certisque nuntiis discimus, praecipue Valliam Gothorum regem insistere patrandae paci ferunt.

Who would believe this if the facts did not teach it? So now we learn daily from frequent and certain messengers that wars of peoples are waged and slaughters done among the barbarians against one another in the Spains; and they say that Wallia, king of the Goths, is especially intent on bringing about peace.

Notes and citation

Summary: Barbarians fight one another in Spain.

Cite (SBL): Orosius, Hist. 7.43.15 (CSEL 5:562–563; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-43-15). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-43-15

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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin of Zangemeister, CSEL 5 (1882), digital text (OCR slips corrected by logged corrections; Zangemeister's square brackets treated as deletions), then compared with the copyrighted translation in Fathers of the Church 50 (Deferrari; private error-checking only, nothing copied).

7.43.16CSEL 5:563

ex quo utcumque concesserim, ut licenter Christiana tempora reprehendantur, si quid a conditione mundi usque ad nunc simili factum felicitate te doceatur.

From which I would in some way concede that Christian times may be freely blamed, if anything done with like good fortune from the founding of the world until now can be shown to you.

Notes and citation

Summary: No age matches the good fortune of Christian times.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (digitization slip): simili faotum felicitate → simili factum felicitate.

Cite (SBL): Orosius, Hist. 7.43.16 (CSEL 5:563; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-43-16). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-43-16

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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin of Zangemeister, CSEL 5 (1882), digital text (OCR slips corrected by logged corrections; Zangemeister's square brackets treated as deletions), then compared with the copyrighted translation in Fathers of the Church 50 (Deferrari; private error-checking only, nothing copied).

7.43.17CSEL 5:563

manifestauimus, ut arbitror, atque ostendimus non magis uerbo paene quam digito innumera bella sopita, plurimos extinctos tyrannos, conpressas coangustatas addictas exinanitasque immanissimas gentes minimo sanguine, nullo certamine ac paene sine caede.

We have made plain, I think, and shown that innumerable wars have been laid to rest hardly more by a word than by a finger, very many tyrants destroyed, most savage peoples checked, confined, subjected, and emptied, with very little blood, with no contest, and almost without slaughter.

Notes and citation

Summary: The record of Christian times.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (digitization slip): addiotas → addictas.

Cite (SBL): Orosius, Hist. 7.43.17 (CSEL 5:563; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-43-17). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-43-17

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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin of Zangemeister, CSEL 5 (1882), digital text (OCR slips corrected by logged corrections; Zangemeister's square brackets treated as deletions), then compared with the copyrighted translation in Fathers of the Church 50 (Deferrari; private error-checking only, nothing copied).

7.43.18CSEL 5:563

superest ut obtrectatores nostros molitionum suarum paeniteat ueritatique erubescant Deumque uerum et solum, qui potest omnia, credant timeant diligant et sequantur, cuius omnia, et quae mala putant, bona esse didicerunt.

It remains that our detractors should repent of their schemes and blush before the truth, and believe, fear, love, and follow the true and only God, who can do all things, all of whose works, even those they think evil, they have learned are good.

Notes and citation

Summary: The detractors should repent and believe.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (digitization slip): didicenunt → didicerunt.

Topics: Repentance

Cite (SBL): Orosius, Hist. 7.43.18 (CSEL 5:563; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-43-18). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-43-18

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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin of Zangemeister, CSEL 5 (1882), digital text (OCR slips corrected by logged corrections; Zangemeister's square brackets treated as deletions), then compared with the copyrighted translation in Fathers of the Church 50 (Deferrari; private error-checking only, nothing copied).

7.43.19CSEL 5:563–564

Explicui adiuuante Christo secundum praeceptum tuum, beatissime pater Augustine, ab initio mundi usque in praesentem diem, hoc est per annos quinque milia sescentos decem et octo, cupiditates et punitiones hominum peccatorum, conflictationes saeculi et iudicia Dei quam breuissime et quam simplicissime potui, Christianis tamen temporibus propter praesentem magis Christi gratiam ab illa incredulitatis confusione discretis.

With Christ's help, according to your command, most blessed father Augustine, I have set out from the beginning of the world to the present day, that is, for five thousand six hundred and eighteen years, the desires and punishments of sinful men, the conflicts of the world and the judgments of God, as briefly and as simply as I could, yet distinguishing Christian times, because of the more present grace of Christ, from that confusion of unbelief.

Notes and citation

Summary: Orosius concludes his work for Augustine.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (digitization slip): secundttm → secundum.

Cite (SBL): Orosius, Hist. 7.43.19 (CSEL 5:563–564; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-43-19). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-43-19

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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin of Zangemeister, CSEL 5 (1882), digital text (OCR slips corrected by logged corrections; Zangemeister's square brackets treated as deletions), then compared with the copyrighted translation in Fathers of the Church 50 (Deferrari; private error-checking only, nothing copied).

7.43.20CSEL 5:564

ita iam ego certo et solo, quem concupiscere debui, oboedientiae meae fructu fruor; de qualitate autem opusculorum tu uideris qui praecepisti, tibi adiudicanda si edas, per te iudicata si deleas.

So now I enjoy the sure and only fruit of my obedience, which I ought to have desired; as for the quality of these little works, you who commanded them will see to it: they are to be judged by you if you publish them, and judged by you if you destroy them.

Notes and citation

Summary: Orosius submits the work to Augustine's judgment.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (digitization slip): concapiscere → concupiscere.

Cite (SBL): Orosius, Hist. 7.43.20 (CSEL 5:564; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-43-20). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/orosius-historiae/7-43-20

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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin of Zangemeister, CSEL 5 (1882), digital text (OCR slips corrected by logged corrections; Zangemeister's square brackets treated as deletions), then compared with the copyrighted translation in Fathers of the Church 50 (Deferrari; private error-checking only, nothing copied).