1 Kings 22 in the early church

[LXX: 3 Kingdoms; Vulgate: 3 Kings]

54 passages quote, allude to, or echo 1 Kings 22, grouped by verse; passages on the same verse are in date order. Verse text from the Berean Standard Bible (public domain). References use the Protestant English Bible's numbering, with a writer's own numbering in brackets where it differs.

Verses: 1 · 5 · 6 · 8 · 11 · 15 · 16 · 17 · 19 · 20 · 21 · 22 · 24 · 27 · 29 · 34 · 35 · 37 · 38 · 42 · 48 · 50

1 Kings 22:1

Then three years passed without war between Aram and Israel.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
1 Kgs 22:1–38Against the Letter of Parmenian 2.37 · Augustine of Hippoallusion, high confidenceca. 400

1 Kings 22:5

But Jehoshaphat also said to the king of Israel, “Please inquire first for the word of the LORD.”

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
1 Kgs 22:5–8On Apostate Kings 8 · Lucifer of Cagliariquotation, high confidenceca. 356–361

1 Kings 22:6

So the king of Israel assembled the prophets, about four hundred men, and asked them, “Should I go to war against Ramoth-gilead, or should I refrain?” “Go up,” they replied, “and the Lord will deliver it into the hand of the king.”

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
1 Kgs 22:6–28On Apostate Kings 7 · Lucifer of Cagliariallusion, high confidenceca. 356–361
1 Kgs 22:6–12Book of Heresies 26.3 · Philastrius of Bresciaallusion, high confidenceca. 380s

1 Kings 22:8

The king of Israel answered, “There is still one man through whom we can inquire of the LORD, but I hate him because he never prophesies anything good for me, but only bad. He is Micaiah son of Imlah.” “The king should not say that!” Jehoshaphat replied.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
1 Kgs 22:8Miscellanies 1.21.115 · Clement of Alexandriaallusion, high confidenceca. 198–203

1 Kings 22:11

Now Zedekiah son of Chenaanah had made for himself iron horns and declared, “This is what the LORD says: ‘With these you shall gore the Arameans until they are finished off.’”

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
1 Kgs 22:11Letter 96.16 · Jeromeallusion, high confidenceca. 370–419

1 Kings 22:15

When Micaiah arrived, the king asked him, “Micaiah, should we go to war against Ramoth-gilead, or should we refrain?” “Go up and triumph,” Micaiah replied, “for the LORD will deliver it into the hand of the king.”

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
1 Kgs 22:15Defence of His Flight 17 · Athanasius of Alexandriaallusion, medium confidenceca. 357

1 Kings 22:16

But the king said to him, “How many times must I make you swear not to tell me anything but the truth in the name of the LORD?”

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
1 Kgs 22:16Commentary on Matthew, Latin Series 110 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 244–249 (Latin translation, 4th–5th century)

1 Kings 22:17

So Micaiah declared: “I saw all Israel scattered on the hills like sheep without a shepherd. And the LORD said, ‘These people have no master; let each one return home in peace.’”

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
1 Kgs 22:17–18On Apostate Kings 8 · Lucifer of Cagliariallusion, high confidenceca. 356–361
1 Kgs 22:17Apostolic Constitutions 7.10.4 · Anonymousallusion, high confidenceca. 380

1 Kings 22:19

Micaiah continued, “Therefore hear the word of the LORD: I saw the LORD sitting on His throne, and all the host of heaven standing by Him on His right and on His left.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
1 Kgs 22:19–23On First Principles 3.2.1 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 220–230 (Rufinus's translation 398)
1 Kgs 22:19Commentary on John 20.258 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 230–248
1 Kgs 22:19Commentary on Matthew 16.4 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 246–248
1 Kgs 22:19–23On the Witch of Endor 14 · Eustathius of Antiochquotation, high confidenceca. 324–337
1 Kgs 22:19Oration II Against the Arians 49 · Athanasius of Alexandriaallusion, low confidenceca. 339–346
1 Kgs 22:19On the Christian Faith 5.6 · Ambrosequotation, high confidenceca. 378–380
1 Kgs 22:19Letter 147.14 · Augustine of Hippoallusion, medium confidenceca. 386–430

1 Kings 22:20

And the LORD said, ‘Who will entice Ahab to march up and fall at Ramoth-gilead?’ And one suggested this, and another that.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
1 Kgs 22:20–22Commentary on John 20.259 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 230–248
1 Kgs 22:20–22Commentary on John 28.139 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 230–248
1 Kgs 22:20Commentary on Romans 7.1 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406)
1 Kgs 22:20–22Book of Heresies 26.4 · Philastrius of Bresciaquotation, medium confidenceca. 380s

1 Kings 22:21

Then a spirit came forward, stood before the LORD, and said, ‘I will entice him.’ ‘By what means?’ asked the LORD.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
1 Kgs 22:21Commentary on Romans 7.1 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406)
1 Kgs 22:21–22On Ecclesiastical Theology 3.4.8 · Eusebius of Caesareaquotation, high confidenceca. 337–339
1 Kgs 22:21Ancoratus 72.4 · Epiphanius of Salamisquotation, high confidence374

1 Kings 22:22

And he replied, ‘I will go out and be a lying spirit in the mouths of all his prophets.’ ‘You will surely entice him and prevail,’ said the LORD. ‘Go and do it.’

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
1 Kgs 22:22Commentary on John 20.260 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 230–248
1 Kgs 22:22Commentary on John 20.264 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 230–248
1 Kgs 22:22Commentary on Romans 7.1 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406)
1 Kgs 22:22Letters 210, 211 · Basil of Caesareaallusion, high confidenceca. 357–378
1 Kgs 22:22Ancoratus 72.4 · Epiphanius of Salamisquotation, high confidence374
1 Kgs 22:22–23Questions and Answers to the Orthodox 52 · Anonymousallusion, high confidence5th century (disputed)
1 Kgs 22:22The Conferences 1.19 · John Cassianquotation, high confidenceca. 426–429
1 Kgs 22:22The Conferences 7.32 · John Cassianquotation, high confidenceca. 426–429
1 Kgs 22:22The Conferences 24.17 · John Cassianquotation, high confidenceca. 426–429

1 Kings 22:24

Then Zedekiah son of Chenaanah went up, struck Micaiah in the face, and demanded, “Which way did the Spirit of the LORD go when He departed from me to speak with you?”

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
1 Kgs 22:24Miscellanies 1.21.115 · Clement of Alexandriaallusion, high confidenceca. 198–203
1 Kgs 22:24Commentary on Matthew 17.9 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 246–248

1 Kings 22:27

and tell them that this is what the king says: ‘Put this man in prison and feed him only bread and water until I return safely.’”

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
1 Kgs 22:27Commentary on Matthew, Latin Series 28 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 244–249 (Latin translation, 4th–5th century)
1 Kgs 22:27Demonstration 14.45 · Aphrahatallusion, high confidence337-345
1 Kgs 22:27On Apostate Kings 8 · Lucifer of Cagliariquotation, high confidenceca. 356–361

1 Kings 22:29

So the king of Israel and Jehoshaphat king of Judah went up to Ramoth-gilead.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
1 Kgs 22:29–37Demonstration 14.23 · Aphrahatallusion, high confidence337-345
1 Kgs 22:29–37Demonstration 14.40 · Aphrahatallusion, high confidence337-345

1 Kings 22:34

However, a certain man drew his bow without taking special aim, and he struck the king of Israel between the joints of his armor. So the king said to his charioteer, “Turn around and take me out of the battle, for I am badly wounded!”

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
1 Kgs 22:34–35On Not Agreeing with Heretics 4 · Lucifer of Cagliariallusion, medium confidenceca. 356–361

1 Kings 22:35

The battle raged throughout that day, and the king was propped up in his chariot facing the Arameans. And the blood from his wound ran out onto the floor of the chariot, and that evening he died.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
1 Kgs 22:35On Naboth 70 · Ambroseallusion, high confidenceca. 386-390
1 Kgs 22:35Questions and Answers to the Orthodox 52 · Anonymousallusion, medium confidence5th century (disputed)

1 Kings 22:37

So the king died and was brought to Samaria, where they buried him.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
1 Kgs 22:37–38On Saint Athanasius 1.19 · Lucifer of Cagliariallusion, medium confidenceca. 356–361

1 Kings 22:38

And the chariot was washed at the pool of Samaria where the prostitutes bathed, and the dogs licked up Ahab’s blood, according to the word that the LORD had spoken.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
1 Kgs 22:38Demonstration 3.4 · Aphrahatallusion, high confidence337-345
1 Kgs 22:38Demonstration 9.8 · Aphrahatallusion, high confidence337-345
1 Kgs 22:38On Naboth 48 · Ambroseallusion, high confidenceca. 386-390
1 Kgs 22:38On Naboth 49 · Ambroseallusion, high confidenceca. 386-390
1 Kgs 22:38On Naboth 69 · Ambroseallusion, high confidenceca. 386-390

1 Kings 22:42

Jehoshaphat was thirty-five years old when he became king, and he reigned in Jerusalem twenty-five years. His mother’s name was Azubah daughter of Shilhi.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
1 Kgs 22:42Miscellanies 1.21.115 · Clement of Alexandriaallusion, high confidenceca. 198–203
1 Kgs 22:42Preparation for the Gospel 10.14.4 · Eusebius of Caesareaallusion, high confidenceca. 313–324
1 Kgs 22:42–43On Apostate Kings 6 · Lucifer of Cagliariquotation, high confidenceca. 356–361

1 Kings 22:48

Jehoshaphat built ships of Tarshish to go to Ophir for gold, but they never set sail, because they were wrecked at Ezion-geber.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
1 Kgs 22:48Letter 37.2 · Jeromeallusion, high confidenceca. 370–419

1 Kings 22:50

And Jehoshaphat rested with his fathers and was buried with them in the city of his father David. And his son Jehoram reigned in his place.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
1 Kgs 22:50On Apostate Kings 6 · Lucifer of Cagliariallusion, medium confidenceca. 356–361