Deuteronomy 22 in the early church
101 passages quote, allude to, or echo Deuteronomy 22, grouped by verse; passages on the same verse are in date order. Verse text from the Berean Standard Bible (public domain). References use the Protestant English Bible's numbering, with a writer's own numbering in brackets where it differs.
Verses: 1 · 2 · 3 · 4 · 5 · 6 · 7 · 8 · 9 · 10 · 11 · 12 · 13 · 14 · 15 · 16 · 17 · 18 · 19 · 20 · 21 · 22 · 23 · 24 · 25 · 26 · 27 · 28 · 29
Deuteronomy 22:1
If you see your brother’s ox or sheep straying, you must not ignore it; be sure to return it to your brother.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Deut 22:1 | Miscellanies 2.18.87 · Clement of Alexandria | allusion, high confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Deut 22:1 | Against Marcion 4.35 · Tertullian | allusion, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Deut 22:1 | Canonical Epistle, canon 4 · Gregory Thaumaturgus | quotation, high confidence | ca. 254–264 |
| Deut 22:1–4 | Oration 14.28 · Gregory of Nazianzus | allusion, high confidence | ca. 362–383 |
| Deut 22:1–2 | Against Helvidius 16 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 383 |
| Deut 22:1–3 | Sermon 178.7 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | ca. 391-430 |
| Deut 22:1–3 | Against Two Letters of the Pelagians 3.10 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 420–421 |
Deuteronomy 22:2
If your brother does not live near you, or if you do not know who he is, you are to take the animal home to remain with you until your brother comes seeking it; then you can return it to him.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Deut 22:2 | Miscellanies 2.18.87 · Clement of Alexandria | allusion, high confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Deut 22:2 | Canonical Epistle, canon 4 · Gregory Thaumaturgus | quotation, high confidence | ca. 254–264 |
Deuteronomy 22:3
And you shall do the same for his donkey, his cloak, or anything your brother has lost and you have found. You must not ignore it.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Deut 22:3 | Canonical Epistle, canon 4 · Gregory Thaumaturgus | quotation, high confidence | ca. 254–264 |
| Deut 22:3 | Sermon 178.8 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 391-430 |
Deuteronomy 22:4
If you see your brother’s donkey or ox fallen on the road, you must not ignore it; you must help him lift it up.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Deut 22:4 | Miscellanies 2.18.90 · Clement of Alexandria | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Deut 22:4 | Oration 38.14 · Gregory of Nazianzus | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 362–383 |
| Deut 22:4 | On the Holy Spirit 30.78 · Basil of Caesarea | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 374–375 |
| Deut 22:4 | Exposition of Psalm 118 10.42.1 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 386-397 |
Deuteronomy 22:5
A woman must not wear men’s clothing, and a man must not wear women’s clothing, for whoever does these things is detestable to the LORD your God.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Deut 22:5 | Miscellanies 2.18.81 · Clement of Alexandria | allusion, high confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Deut 22:5 | On Idolatry 16 · Tertullian | quotation, high confidence | ca. 196–211 |
| Deut 22:5 | On the Shows 23 · Tertullian | allusion, high confidence | ca. 197–202 |
| Deut 22:5 | Letter 2.1 · Cyprian of Carthage | allusion, high confidence | 249/250–258 |
| Deut 22:5 | Canon 13 · Anonymous | echo, low confidence | ca. 340–360 |
| Deut 22:5 | Apostolic Constitutions 1.3.9 · Anonymous | allusion, low confidence | ca. 380 |
| Deut 22:5 | Theological Oration 1 (Or. 27), Against the Eunomians 4 · Gregory of Nazianzus | allusion, medium confidence | 380 |
| Deut 22:5–9 | Deuteronomy, lines 78–102 · Cyprianus Gallus | allusion, high confidence | early 5th cent. |
Deuteronomy 22:6
If you come across a bird’s nest with chicks or eggs, either in a tree or on the ground along the road, and the mother is sitting on the chicks or eggs, you must not take the mother along with the young.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Deut 22:6 | Arabic Pentateuch fragment XXIV (on Deut 19–23) · Hippolytus of Rome | allusion, high confidence | unknown (transmitted in a medieval Arabic catena) |
| Deut 22:6 | Preparation for the Gospel 8.7.9 · Eusebius of Caesarea | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 313–324 |
| Deut 22:6 | Preparation for the Gospel 8.8.47 · Eusebius of Caesarea | allusion, high confidence | ca. 313–324 |
| Deut 22:6–7 | Demonstration 13.9 · Aphrahat | quotation, high confidence | 337-345 |
Deuteronomy 22:7
You may take the young, but be sure to let the mother go, so that it may be well with you and that you may prolong your days.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Deut 22:7 | Arabic Pentateuch fragment XXIV (on Deut 19–23) · Hippolytus of Rome | allusion, high confidence | unknown (transmitted in a medieval Arabic catena) |
Deuteronomy 22:8
If you build a new house, you are to construct a railing around your roof, so that you do not bring bloodguilt on your house if someone falls from it.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Deut 22:8 | Arabic Pentateuch fragment XXIV (on Deut 19–23) · Hippolytus of Rome | allusion, high confidence | unknown (transmitted in a medieval Arabic catena) |
| Deut 22:8 | Commentary on John 6.7 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 230–248 |
| Deut 22:8 | Letter 106.63 · Jerome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
Deuteronomy 22:9
Do not plant your vineyard with two types of seed; if you do, the entire harvest will be defiled—both the crop you plant and the fruit of your vineyard.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Deut 22:9 | Eclogae on Exodus-Judges, column 809 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 220-254 |
Deuteronomy 22:10
Do not plow with an ox and a donkey yoked together.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Deut 22:10 | Miscellanies 2.18.94 · Clement of Alexandria | allusion, high confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Deut 22:10 | Eclogae on Exodus-Judges, column 809 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 220-254 |
| Deut 22:10 | Letter 123.5 · Jerome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| Deut 22:10–11 | Against Faustus the Manichaean 6.1 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | ca. 398–400 |
| Deut 22:10–11 | Against Faustus the Manichaean 6.9 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | ca. 398–400 |
Deuteronomy 22:11
Do not wear clothes of wool and linen woven together.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Deut 22:11 | Commentary on Romans 2.9 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Deut 22:11 | Letter 123.5 · Jerome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
Deuteronomy 22:12
You are to make tassels on the four corners of the cloak you wear.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Deut 22:12 | Commentary on Matthew, Latin Series 9 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 244–249 (Latin translation, 4th–5th century) |
Deuteronomy 22:13
Suppose a man marries a woman, has relations with her, and comes to hate her,
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Deut 22:13 | Commentary on Deuteronomy 22:13-19 · Ephrem the Syrian | quotation, high confidence | 4th century (if Ephrem's, before 373) |
| Deut 22:13 | Questions on Deuteronomy 33 (on Deut 22:13ff.) · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 419–420 |
Deuteronomy 22:14
and he then accuses her of shameful conduct and gives her a bad name, saying, “I married this woman and had relations with her, but I discovered she was not a virgin.”
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Deut 22:14 | Commentary on Deuteronomy 22:13-19 · Ephrem the Syrian | allusion, high confidence | 4th century (if Ephrem's, before 373) |
| Deut 22:14 | Questions on Deuteronomy 33 (on Deut 22:13ff.) · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 419–420 |
Deuteronomy 22:15
Then the young woman’s father and mother shall bring the proof of her virginity to the city elders at the gate
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Deut 22:15 | Questions on Deuteronomy 33 (on Deut 22:13ff.) · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 419–420 |
Deuteronomy 22:16
and say to the elders, “I gave my daughter in marriage to this man, but he has come to hate her.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Deut 22:16 | Questions on Deuteronomy 33 (on Deut 22:13ff.) · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 419–420 |
Deuteronomy 22:17
And now he has accused her of shameful conduct, saying, ‘I discovered that your daughter was not a virgin.’ But here is the proof of her virginity.” And they shall spread out the cloth before the city elders.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Deut 22:17 | Questions on Deuteronomy 33 (on Deut 22:13ff.) · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 419–420 |
Deuteronomy 22:18
Then the elders of that city shall take the man and punish him.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Deut 22:18 | Questions on Deuteronomy 33 (on Deut 22:13ff.) · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 419–420 |
Deuteronomy 22:19
They are also to fine him a hundred shekels of silver and give them to the young woman’s father, because this man has given a virgin of Israel a bad name. And she shall remain his wife; he must not divorce her as long as he lives.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Deut 22:19 | Commentary on Deuteronomy 22:13-19 · Ephrem the Syrian | allusion, high confidence | 4th century (if Ephrem's, before 373) |
| Deut 22:19 | Questions on Deuteronomy 33 (on Deut 22:13ff.) · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 419–420 |
| Deut 22:19 | Questions on Deuteronomy 34 (on Deut 22:28-29) · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | ca. 419–420 |
Deuteronomy 22:20
If, however, this accusation is true, and no proof of the young woman’s virginity can be found,
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Deut 22:20 | Questions on Deuteronomy 33 (on Deut 22:13ff.) · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 419–420 |
Deuteronomy 22:21
she shall be brought to the door of her father’s house, and there the men of her city will stone her to death. For she has committed an outrage in Israel by being promiscuous in her father’s house. So you must purge the evil from among you.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Deut 22:21 | Commentary on the Song of Songs 2.149 · Origen | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 240–245 (Rufinus's translation ca. 410) |
| Deut 22:21 | Questions and Answers to the Orthodox 97 · Anonymous | allusion, high confidence | 5th century (disputed) |
| Deut 22:21 | Questions on Deuteronomy 33 (on Deut 22:13ff.) · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 419–420 |
Deuteronomy 22:22
If a man is found lying with another man’s wife, both the man who slept with her and the woman must die. You must purge the evil from Israel.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Deut 22:22 | Miscellanies 2.23.147 · Clement of Alexandria | allusion, high confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Deut 22:22 | Homilies on Jeremiah 19.15 · Origen | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 240 |
| Deut 22:22 | Commentary on Matthew 14.24 · Origen | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 246–248 |
| Deut 22:22 | Preparation for the Gospel 8.8.34 · Eusebius of Caesarea | allusion, high confidence | ca. 313–324 |
| Deut 22:22–24 | On Not Agreeing with Heretics 2 · Lucifer of Cagliari | allusion, high confidence | ca. 356–361 |
| Deut 22:22 | Against Parmenian the Donatist 3.5 · Optatus of Milevis | quotation, high confidence | ca. 366–385 |
| Deut 22:22 | Letter 153.9 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 386–430 |
| Deut 22:22 | Tractates on the Gospel of John 33.4 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 406–420 |
| Deut 22:22 | On Adulterous Marriages 2.15 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 419–421 |
Deuteronomy 22:23
If there is a virgin pledged in marriage to a man, and another man encounters her in the city and sleeps with her,
Deuteronomy 22:24
you must take both of them out to the gate of that city and stone them to death—the young woman because she did not cry out in the city, and the man because he has violated his neighbor’s wife. So you must purge the evil from among you.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Deut 22:24 | Miscellanies 2.23.147 · Clement of Alexandria | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Deut 22:24 | Explanation of Twelve Psalms 43.76.2 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 387-397 |
Deuteronomy 22:25
But if the man encounters a betrothed woman in the open country, and he overpowers her and lies with her, only the man who has done this must die.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Deut 22:25 | Commentary on Matthew 12.7 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 246–248 |
| Deut 22:25 | Canonical Epistle, canon 1 · Gregory Thaumaturgus | allusion, high confidence | ca. 254–264 |
| Deut 22:25 | Prophetic Extracts 4.4 · Eusebius of Caesarea | allusion, medium confidence | before 325 (probably ca. 310–320) |
| Deut 22:25 | Preparation for the Gospel 8.8.34 · Eusebius of Caesarea | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 313–324 |
| Deut 22:25 | Against Helvidius 4 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 383 |
| Deut 22:25–27 | Questions and Answers to the Orthodox 33–36 · Anonymous | quotation, high confidence | 5th century (disputed) |
Deuteronomy 22:26
Do nothing to the young woman, because she has committed no sin worthy of death. This case is just like one in which a man attacks his neighbor and murders him.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Deut 22:26 | Canonical Epistle, canon 1 · Gregory Thaumaturgus | quotation, high confidence | ca. 254–264 |
| Deut 22:26 | Homilies on Matthew 75.5 · John Chrysostom | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 390 |
Deuteronomy 22:27
When he found her in the field, the betrothed woman cried out, but there was no one to save her.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Deut 22:27 | Commentary on Matthew 12.7 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 246–248 |
| Deut 22:27 | Canonical Epistle, canon 1 · Gregory Thaumaturgus | quotation, high confidence | ca. 254–264 |
| Deut 22:27 | Catechetical Lecture 12.21 · Cyril of Jerusalem | quotation, high confidence | ca. 350 |
| Deut 22:27 | Homilies on Matthew 5.3 · John Chrysostom | quotation, high confidence | ca. 390 |
Deuteronomy 22:28
If a man encounters a virgin who is not pledged in marriage, and he seizes her and lies with her, and they are discovered,
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Deut 22:28 | Arabic Pentateuch fragment XXIV (on Deut 19–23) · Hippolytus of Rome | allusion, high confidence | unknown (transmitted in a medieval Arabic catena) |
| Deut 22:28–29 | Against Marcion 4.34 · Tertullian | allusion, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Deut 22:28–29 | Apostolic Canon 67 · Anonymous | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 380 |
| Deut 22:28 | Apology of the Prophet David 42 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 384-390 |
| Deut 22:28 | Explanation of Twelve Psalms 43.76.3 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 387-397 |
| Deut 22:28 | Questions on Deuteronomy 34 (on Deut 22:28-29) · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 419–420 |
Deuteronomy 22:29
then the man who lay with her must pay the young woman’s father fifty shekels of silver, and she must become his wife because he has violated her. He must not divorce her as long as he lives.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Deut 22:29 | Arabic Pentateuch fragment XXIV (on Deut 19–23) · Hippolytus of Rome | allusion, high confidence | unknown (transmitted in a medieval Arabic catena) |
| Deut 22:29 | Apology of the Prophet David 42 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 384-390 |
| Deut 22:29 | Explanation of Twelve Psalms 43.76.3 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 387-397 |
| Deut 22:29 | Questions on Deuteronomy 34 (on Deut 22:28-29) · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 419–420 |