Isaiah 3 in the early church

[Vulgate: Isaias]

150 passages quote, allude to, or echo Isaiah 3, grouped by verse; passages on the same verse are in date order. Verse text from the Berean Standard Bible (public domain). References use the Protestant English Bible's numbering, with a writer's own numbering in brackets where it differs.

Verses: 1 · 2 · 3 · 4 · 5 · 7 · 8 · 9 · 10 · 11 · 12 · 13 · 14 · 15 · 16 · 17 · 18 · 19 · 20 · 21 · 22 · 23 · 24 · 25

Isaiah 3:1

For behold, the Lord GOD of Hosts is about to remove from Jerusalem and Judah both supply and support: the whole supply of food and water,

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Isa 3:1–3Against the Jews 13 · Tertullianallusion, high confidenceca. 197–207
Isa 3:1–3Against the Jews 6 · Anonymousquotation, high confidence3rd cent. (disputed)
Isa 3:1Against Marcion 3.23 · Tertullianquotation, high confidence207/208 (third edition, completed later)
Isa 3:1–3Homilies on Psalms 36-38 3.10 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
Isa 3:1Homilies on Jeremiah 10.4 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 240
Isa 3:1Homilies on Jeremiah 14.12 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 240
Isa 3:1Commentary on Matthew 14.19 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 246–248
Isa 3:1Commentary on Romans 2.13 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406)
Isa 3:1To Quirinus 1.22 · Cyprian of Carthagequotation, high confidenceca. 248–250 (book 3 perhaps later)
Isa 3:1Prophetic Extracts 4.2 · Eusebius of Caesareaquotation, high confidencebefore 325 (probably ca. 310–320)
Isa 3:1–3Demonstration of the Gospel 2.3.74 · Eusebius of Caesareaquotation, high confidenceca. 314–324
Isa 3:1Demonstration of the Gospel 2.3.76 · Eusebius of Caesareaallusion, high confidenceca. 314–324
Isa 3:1Homilies on the Psalms 28.5 · Basil of Caesareaallusion, medium confidenceca. 360-378
Isa 3:1Exposition of Psalm 118 21.12.1 · Ambroseallusion, high confidenceca. 386-397
Isa 3:1–3Tractates 10 · Gaudentius of Bresciaquotation, high confidenceca. 397-410

Isaiah 3:2

the mighty man and the warrior, the judge and the prophet, the soothsayer and the elder,

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Isa 3:2Homilies on Jeremiah 10.4 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 240
Isa 3:2Homilies on Jeremiah 14.12 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 240
Isa 3:2Commentary on Matthew 14.19 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 246–248
Isa 3:2Commentary on Romans 2.13 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406)
Isa 3:2Prophetic Extracts 4.2 · Eusebius of Caesareaquotation, high confidencebefore 325 (probably ca. 310–320)

Isaiah 3:3

the commander of fifty and the dignitary, the counselor, the cunning magician, and the clever enchanter.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Isa 3:3Against Marcion 3.23 · Tertullianquotation, high confidence207/208 (third edition, completed later)
Isa 3:3Against Marcion 5.6 · Tertullianquotation, high confidence207/208 (third edition, completed later)
Isa 3:3Against Marcion 5.8 · Tertullianallusion, high confidence207/208 (third edition, completed later)
Isa 3:3Homilies on Jeremiah 10.4 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 240
Isa 3:3Homilies on Jeremiah 14.12 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 240
Isa 3:3Commentary on Matthew 14.19 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 246–248
Isa 3:3Commentary on Romans 2.13 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406)
Isa 3:3Prophetic Extracts 4.2 · Eusebius of Caesareaquotation, high confidencebefore 325 (probably ca. 310–320)
Isa 3:3On the Holy Spirit 1.2 · Basil of Caesareaallusion, high confidenceca. 374–375
Isa 3:3On Noah 26 · Ambroseallusion, medium confidenceca. 378-384
Isa 3:3On the Duties of the Clergy 2.12 · Ambroseallusion, high confidenceca. 386–390
Isa 3:3Exposition of Psalm 118 15.14.2 · Ambroseallusion, high confidenceca. 386-397
Isa 3:3Exposition of Psalm 118 21.12.1 · Ambroseallusion, high confidenceca. 386-397

Isaiah 3:4

“I will make mere lads their leaders, and children will rule over them.”

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Isa 3:4Prophetic Extracts 4.2 · Eusebius of Caesareaquotation, high confidencebefore 325 (probably ca. 310–320)
Isa 3:4Titus of Bostra, Against the Manichees 2.20 · Titus of Bostraecho, low confidenceca. 360s
Isa 3:4Oration 2.38 · Gregory of Nazianzusallusion, high confidenceca. 362–383

Isaiah 3:5

The people will oppress one another, man against man, neighbor against neighbor; the young will rise up against the old, and the base against the honorable.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Isa 3:51 Clement 3.3 · Clement of Romeallusion, high confidenceca. 95–97 (range ca. 70–100)
Isa 3:5Liber Orsiesii 12 · Orsiesiusallusion, low confidenceca. 380-390

Isaiah 3:7

On that day he will cry aloud: “I am not a healer. I have no food or clothing in my house. Do not make me leader of the people!”

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Isa 3:7Oration 2.38 · Gregory of Nazianzusallusion, medium confidenceca. 362–383

Isaiah 3:8

For Jerusalem has stumbled and Judah has fallen because they spoke and acted against the LORD, defying His glorious presence.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Isa 3:8Prophetic Extracts 4.2 · Eusebius of Caesareaquotation, high confidencebefore 325 (probably ca. 310–320)
Isa 3:8Demonstration of the Gospel 2.3.76 · Eusebius of Caesareaquotation, high confidenceca. 314–324

Isaiah 3:9

The expression on their faces testifies against them, and like Sodom they flaunt their sin; they do not conceal it. Woe to them, for they have brought disaster upon themselves.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Isa 3:9Epistle of Barnabas 6.7 · Anonymousquotation, high confidenceca. 70–135 (often ca. 130)
Isa 3:9Dialogue with Trypho 17.2 · Justin Martyrquotation, high confidenceca. 155–160
Isa 3:9Dialogue with Trypho 133.2 · Justin Martyrquotation, high confidenceca. 155–160
Isa 3:9Dialogue with Trypho 136.2 · Justin Martyrquotation, high confidenceca. 155–160
Isa 3:9Dialogue with Trypho 137.3 · Justin Martyrquotation, high confidenceca. 155–160
Isa 3:9–10On Pascha 72 · text not on this site · Melito of Sardisquotation, high confidenceca. 160-180
Isa 3:9Prophetic Extracts 4.2 · Eusebius of Caesareaquotation, high confidencebefore 325 (probably ca. 310–320)
Isa 3:9–10Demonstration of the Gospel 2.3.60 · Eusebius of Caesareaquotation, high confidenceca. 314–324
Isa 3:9Catechetical Lecture 13.11 · Cyril of Jerusalemquotation, high confidenceca. 350
Isa 3:9On the Blessings of the Patriarchs 13 · Ambrosequotation, high confidenceca. 387-392
Isa 3:9Commentary on the Apostles' Creed 20 · Rufinus of Aquileiaquotation, high confidenceca. 404

Isaiah 3:10

Tell the righteous it will be well with them, for they will enjoy the fruit of their labor.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Isa 3:10Epistle of Barnabas 6.7 · Anonymousquotation, high confidenceca. 70–135 (often ca. 130)
Isa 3:10Dialogue with Trypho 17.2 · Justin Martyrquotation, high confidenceca. 155–160
Isa 3:10Dialogue with Trypho 133.2 · Justin Martyrquotation, high confidenceca. 155–160
Isa 3:10Dialogue with Trypho 136.2 · Justin Martyrquotation, high confidenceca. 155–160
Isa 3:10Dialogue with Trypho 137.3 · Justin Martyrquotation, high confidenceca. 155–160
Isa 3:1039 · Anonymousquotation, high confidenceca. 180–185
Isa 3:10Miscellanies 5.14.108 · Clement of Alexandriaecho, medium confidenceca. 198–203
Isa 3:10Against Marcion 3.22 · Tertullianquotation, high confidence207/208 (third edition, completed later)
Isa 3:10Church History 2.23.15 · Eusebius of Caesareaquotation, high confidenceca. 300–325
Isa 3:10Prophetic Extracts 4.2 · Eusebius of Caesareaquotation, high confidencebefore 325 (probably ca. 310–320)
Isa 3:10Preparation for the Gospel 13.13.35 · Eusebius of Caesareaquotation, medium confidenceca. 313–324
Isa 3:10Catechetical Lecture 13.11 · Cyril of Jerusalemquotation, high confidenceca. 350
Isa 3:10On the Duties of the Clergy 2.6 · Ambrosequotation, high confidenceca. 386–390
Isa 3:10On the Blessings of the Patriarchs 13 · Ambrosequotation, high confidenceca. 387-392
Isa 3:10Explanation of Twelve Psalms 35.3.3 · Ambrosequotation, medium confidenceca. 387-397
Isa 3:10Commentary on the Apostles' Creed 20 · Rufinus of Aquileiaquotation, high confidenceca. 404

Isaiah 3:11

Woe to the wicked; disaster is upon them! For they will be repaid with what their hands have done.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Isa 3:11Dialogue with Trypho 17.2 · Justin Martyrquotation, high confidenceca. 155–160
Isa 3:11Dialogue with Trypho 133.2 · Justin Martyrquotation, high confidenceca. 155–160
Isa 3:11Commentary on Matthew 13.30 · Origenquotation, medium confidenceca. 246–248

Isaiah 3:12

Youths oppress My people, and women rule over them. O My people, your guides mislead you; they turn you from your paths.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Isa 3:12Dialogue with Trypho 133.2 · Justin Martyrquotation, high confidenceca. 155–160
Isa 3:12Dialogue with Trypho 133.3 · Justin Martyrquotation, high confidenceca. 155–160
Isa 3:12Letters to Virgins 1.11.7 · Anonymousallusion, medium confidence3rd century
Isa 3:12Against Marcion 4.15 · Tertullianquotation, high confidence207/208 (third edition, completed later)
Isa 3:12Against Marcion 4.27 · Tertullianquotation, medium confidence207/208 (third edition, completed later)
Isa 3:12Homily on Luke 35 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 233–250
Isa 3:12To Quirinus 3.115 · Cyprian of Carthagequotation, high confidenceca. 248–250 (book 3 perhaps later)
Isa 3:12Letter 34.2 · Cyprian of Carthagequotation, high confidence249/250–258
Isa 3:12On the Lapsed 14 · Cyprian of Carthagequotation, high confidence251
Isa 3:12Prophetic Extracts 4.3 · Eusebius of Caesareaquotation, high confidencebefore 325 (probably ca. 310–320)
Isa 3:12Demonstration of the Gospel 9.8.14 · Eusebius of Caesareaquotation, high confidenceca. 314–324
Isa 3:12Demonstration 14.25 · Aphrahatquotation, medium confidence337-345
Isa 3:12On Apostate Kings 12 · Lucifer of Cagliariquotation, high confidenceca. 356–361
Isa 3:12Paraenesis, or Exhortation to Penitence 5 · Pacian of Barcelonaquotation, high confidenceca. 360-390
Isa 3:12Oration 2.38 · Gregory of Nazianzusallusion, high confidenceca. 362–383
Isa 3:12Letter 125.19 · Jeromequotation, high confidenceca. 370–419
Isa 3:12Letter 148.17 · Jeromequotation, high confidenceca. 370–419
Isa 3:12On Tobit 35 · Ambrosequotation, medium confidenceca. 380-390
Isa 3:12Liber Orsiesii 8 · Orsiesiusquotation, medium confidenceca. 380-390
Isa 3:12Eleven Tractates 7.116 · Priscillianquotation, high confidenceca. 380–385
Isa 3:12Eleven Tractates 10.129 · Priscillianquotation, high confidenceca. 380–385
Isa 3:12Letter 33.3 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 386–430
Isa 3:12Sermon 75.10 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 391-430
Isa 3:12Against Jovinianus 2.37 · Jeromequotation, high confidence393
Isa 3:12Against the Letter of Parmenian 3.26 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 400

Isaiah 3:13

The LORD arises to contend; He stands to judge the people.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Isa 3:13Dialogue with Trypho 133.3 · Justin Martyrquotation, high confidenceca. 155–160
Isa 3:13–14Against Marcion 4.42 · Tertullianquotation, high confidence207/208 (third edition, completed later)
Isa 3:13Prophetic Extracts 4.3 · Eusebius of Caesareaquotation, high confidencebefore 325 (probably ca. 310–320)
Isa 3:13–15Demonstration 14.5 · Aphrahatquotation, high confidence337-345

Isaiah 3:14

The LORD brings this charge against the elders and leaders of His people: “You have devoured the vineyard; the plunder of the poor is in your houses.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Isa 3:14Dialogue with Trypho 133.3 · Justin Martyrquotation, high confidenceca. 155–160
Isa 3:14Against Marcion 4.14 · Tertullianquotation, high confidence207/208 (third edition, completed later)
Isa 3:14On the Resurrection of the Flesh 20 · Tertullianallusion, high confidenceca. 208–212
Isa 3:14Homilies on Leviticus 4.4 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
Isa 3:14Homilies on Numbers 20.4 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
Isa 3:14Homilies on Psalms 36-38 5.4 · Origenallusion, medium confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
Isa 3:14Homilies on Jeremiah 15.3 · Origenquotation, medium confidenceca. 240
Isa 3:14Commentary on Romans 2.13 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406)
Isa 3:14Commentary on Romans 8.10 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406)
Isa 3:14Prophetic Extracts 4.3 · Eusebius of Caesareaquotation, high confidencebefore 325 (probably ca. 310–320)
Isa 3:14Catechetical Lecture 12.12 · Cyril of Jerusalemquotation, high confidenceca. 350
Isa 3:14Catechetical Lecture 13.11 · Cyril of Jerusalemquotation, high confidenceca. 350
Isa 3:14–15On Saint Athanasius 1.39 · Lucifer of Cagliariquotation, high confidenceca. 356–361
Isa 3:14Oration 16.18 · Gregory of Nazianzusallusion, high confidenceca. 362–383
Isa 3:14Liber Orsiesii 8 · Orsiesiusallusion, medium confidenceca. 380-390
Isa 3:14Explanation of Twelve Psalms 36.71.1 · Ambrosequotation, high confidenceca. 387-397
Isa 3:14Sermon 37.19 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 391-430
Isa 3:14Commentary on the Apostles' Creed 21 · Rufinus of Aquileiaquotation, high confidenceca. 404

Isaiah 3:15

Why do you crush My people and grind the faces of the poor?” declares the Lord GOD of Hosts.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Isa 3:15Dialogue with Trypho 133.3 · Justin Martyrquotation, high confidenceca. 155–160
Isa 3:15Against Marcion 4.14 · Tertullianquotation, high confidence207/208 (third edition, completed later)
Isa 3:15Commentary on Romans 8.10 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406)

Isaiah 3:16

The LORD also says: “Because the daughters of Zion are haughty—walking with heads held high and wanton eyes, prancing and skipping as they go, jingling the bracelets on their ankles—

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Isa 3:16Dialogue with Trypho 27.3 · Justin Martyrquotation, high confidenceca. 155–160
Isa 3:16The Instructor 3.11.72 · Clement of Alexandriaquotation, high confidenceca. 190–200
Isa 3:16Against Marcion 4.15 · Tertullianallusion, high confidence207/208 (third edition, completed later)
Isa 3:16Instructions 2.19 · Commodianquotation, high confidence3rd century (disputed)
Isa 3:16On the Dress of Virgins 13 · Cyprian of Carthagequotation, high confidenceca. 249
Isa 3:16Tractates on the Psalms 128.8 · Hilary of Poitiersallusion, high confidenceca. 360–367
Isa 3:16Letter 107.6 · Jeromeallusion, medium confidenceca. 370–419
Isa 3:16On Noah 54 · Ambroseallusion, high confidenceca. 378-384
Isa 3:16Liber Orsiesii 43 · Orsiesiusquotation, high confidenceca. 380-390
Isa 3:16Exposition of Psalm 118 1.5.1 · Ambroseallusion, high confidenceca. 386-397
Isa 3:16Exposition of Psalm 118 8.45.1 · Ambroseallusion, high confidenceca. 386-397
Isa 3:16Homilies on Matthew 17.3 · John Chrysostomallusion, high confidenceca. 390
Isa 3:16–24Homilies on Matthew 89.2 · John Chrysostomquotation, high confidenceca. 390
Isa 3:16Poem 25, lines 65–96 · Paulinus of Nolaallusion, high confidenceca. 393–431

Isaiah 3:17

the Lord will bring sores on the heads of the daughters of Zion, and the LORD will make their foreheads bare.”

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Isa 3:17The Instructor 3.11.72 · Clement of Alexandriaquotation, high confidenceca. 190–200
Isa 3:17On the Dress of Virgins 13 · Cyprian of Carthagequotation, high confidenceca. 249

Isaiah 3:18

In that day the Lord will take away their finery: their anklets and headbands and crescents;

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Isa 3:18–24On the Dress of Women 2.10 · Tertullianallusion, high confidenceca. 197–206
Isa 3:18Instructions 2.19 · Commodianallusion, medium confidence3rd century (disputed)
Isa 3:18On the Dress of Virgins 13 · Cyprian of Carthagequotation, high confidenceca. 249

Isaiah 3:19

their pendants, bracelets, and veils;

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Isa 3:19On the Dress of Virgins 13 · Cyprian of Carthagequotation, high confidenceca. 249

Isaiah 3:20

their headdresses, ankle chains, and sashes; their perfume bottles and charms;

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Isa 3:20On the Dress of Virgins 13 · Cyprian of Carthagequotation, high confidenceca. 249
Isa 3:20Instructions 2.10 · Eucherius of Lyonallusion, medium confidenceca. 428-434

Isaiah 3:21

their signet rings and nose rings;

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Isa 3:21On the Dress of Virgins 13 · Cyprian of Carthagequotation, high confidenceca. 249

Isaiah 3:22

their festive robes, capes, cloaks, and purses;

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Isa 3:22On the Dress of Virgins 13 · Cyprian of Carthagequotation, high confidenceca. 249

Isaiah 3:23

and their mirrors, linen garments, tiaras, and shawls.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Isa 3:23On the Dress of Virgins 13 · Cyprian of Carthagequotation, high confidenceca. 249

Isaiah 3:24

Instead of fragrance there will be a stench; instead of a belt, a rope; instead of styled hair, baldness; instead of fine clothing, sackcloth; instead of beauty, shame.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Isa 3:24On First Principles 2.3.6 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 220–230 (Rufinus's translation 398)
Isa 3:24On the Dress of Virgins 13 · Cyprian of Carthagequotation, high confidenceca. 249
Isa 3:24Poem 25, lines 65–96 · Paulinus of Nolaallusion, high confidenceca. 393–431

Isaiah 3:25

Your men will fall by the sword, and your warriors in battle.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Isa 3:25Homily on Isaiah 3 · Origenallusion, medium confidenceca. 235–250