Proverbs 21 in the early church
80 passages quote, allude to, or echo Proverbs 21, grouped by verse; passages on the same verse are in date order. Verse text from the Berean Standard Bible (public domain). References use the Protestant English Bible's numbering, with a writer's own numbering in brackets where it differs.
Verses: 1 · 2 · 3 · 6 · 8 · 9 · 11 · 13 · 14 · 16 · 19 · 20 · 22 · 23 · 24 · 25 · 26 · 27 · 30 · 31
Proverbs 21:1
The king’s heart is a waterway in the hand of the LORD; He directs it where He pleases.
Proverbs 21:2
All a man’s ways seem right to him, but the LORD weighs the heart.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Prov 21:2 | On the Predestination of the Saints 20 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 428/429 |
| Prov 21:2 | Chapter 9 · Prosper of Aquitaine | quotation, high confidence | ca. 432-433 |
| Prov 21:2 | Book 1, chapter 24 · Anonymous | quotation, high confidence | ca. 440-450 |
Proverbs 21:3
To do righteousness and justice is more desirable to the LORD than sacrifice.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Prov 21:3 | Fragments on Proverbs, column 213 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 220-254 |
| Prov 21:3 | On Saint Athanasius 1.28 · Lucifer of Cagliari | quotation, high confidence | ca. 356–361 |
| Prov 21:3 | Letter to Valerian, paragraph 25 · Eucherius of Lyon | echo, medium confidence | ca. 432 |
Proverbs 21:6
Making a fortune by a lying tongue is a vanishing mist, a deadly pursuit.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Prov 21:6 | Epistle of Barnabas 19.8 · Anonymous | echo, low confidence | ca. 70–135 (often ca. 130) |
| Prov 21:6 | Apostolic Church Order 6 · Anonymous | allusion, low confidence | ca. 300 |
| Prov 21:6 | Homilies on the Psalms 33.9 · Basil of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 360-378 |
| Prov 21:6 | Apology against Rufinus 3.43 · Jerome | quotation, medium confidence | ca. 401–402 |
Proverbs 21:8
The way of a guilty man is crooked, but the conduct of the innocent is upright.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Prov 21:8 | Fragment 16 · Clement of Alexandria | allusion, low confidence | late 2nd–early 3rd century |
| Prov 21:8 | Fragments on Proverbs, column 213 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 220-254 |
Proverbs 21:9
Better to live on a corner of the roof than to share a house with a quarrelsome wife.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Prov 21:9 | Fragments on Proverbs, column 213 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 220-254 |
| Prov 21:9 | Apostolic Constitutions 1.8.9 · Anonymous | quotation, high confidence | ca. 380 |
| Prov 21:9 | Against Jovinianus 1.28 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | 393 |
Proverbs 21:11
When a mocker is punished, the simple gain wisdom; and when a wise man is instructed, he acquires knowledge.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Prov 21:11 | Miscellanies 1.20.100 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Prov 21:11 | On the Singleness of Clerics 2 · Anonymous | quotation, medium confidence | 3rd cent. (disputed) |
Proverbs 21:13
Whoever shuts his ears to the cry of the poor, he too shall cry out and receive no answer.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Prov 21:13 | Sentences of Sextus 217 · Anonymous | allusion, high confidence | 2nd-early 3rd cent. |
| Prov 21:13 | Sentences of Sextus 378 · Anonymous | echo, medium confidence | 2nd-early 3rd cent. |
| Prov 21:13 | Sentence 217 (Greek) · Anonymous | allusion, medium confidence | 2nd-early 3rd cent. |
| Prov 21:13 | To Quirinus 3.1 · Cyprian of Carthage | quotation, high confidence | ca. 248–250 (book 3 perhaps later) |
| Prov 21:13 | On Works and Almsgiving 5 · Cyprian of Carthage | quotation, high confidence | ca. 253 |
| Prov 21:13 | Apostolic Constitutions 3.4.9 · Anonymous | quotation, high confidence | ca. 380 |
| Prov 21:13 | Apostolic Constitutions 7.12.7 · Anonymous | quotation, high confidence | ca. 380 |
| Prov 21:13 | Sermon 42 · Peter Chrysologus | quotation, high confidence | ca. 425-450 |
| Prov 21:13 | The Conferences 11.10 · John Cassian | quotation, high confidence | ca. 426–429 |
Proverbs 21:14
A gift in secret soothes anger, and a covert bribe pacifies great wrath.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Prov 21:14 | Fragments on Proverbs, column 215 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 220-254 |
Proverbs 21:16
The man who strays from the path of understanding will rest in the assembly of the dead.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Prov 21:16 | Fragments on Proverbs, column 215 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 220-254 |
Proverbs 21:19
Better to live in the desert than with a contentious and ill-tempered wife.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Prov 21:19 | Didascalia 1.10 · Anonymous | quotation, high confidence | first half of the third century |
| Prov 21:19 | Fragments on Proverbs, column 215 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 220-254 |
| Prov 21:19 | Apostolic Constitutions 1.10.2 · Anonymous | quotation, high confidence | ca. 380 |
| Prov 21:19 | Against Jovinianus 1.28 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | 393 |
Proverbs 21:20
Precious treasures and oil are in the dwelling of the wise, but a foolish man consumes them.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Prov 21:20 | Fragments on Proverbs, column 215 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 220-254 |
| Prov 21:20 | Sermon 149.4 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 391-430 |
| Prov 21:20 | Against Faustus the Manichaean 6.7 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 398–400 |
Proverbs 21:22
A wise man scales the city of the mighty and pulls down the stronghold in which they trust.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Prov 21:22 | Fragments on Proverbs, column 215 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 220-254 |
| Prov 21:22 | Homilies on Joshua 18.3 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Prov 21:22 | Commentary on Matthew, Latin Series 35 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–249 (Latin translation, 4th–5th century) |
Proverbs 21:23
He who guards his mouth and tongue keeps his soul from distress.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Prov 21:23 | Fragments on Proverbs, column 215 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 220-254 |
Proverbs 21:24
Mocker is the name of the proud and arrogant man—of him who acts with excessive pride.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Prov 21:24 | Fragments on Proverbs, column 215 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 220-254 |
| Prov 21:24 | On Saint Athanasius 1.28 · Lucifer of Cagliari | quotation, high confidence | ca. 356–361 |
Proverbs 21:25
The craving of the slacker kills him because his hands refuse to work.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Prov 21:25 | The Conferences 24.2 · John Cassian | quotation, high confidence | ca. 426–429 |
| Prov 21:25 | Part 2, chapter 8 · Quodvultdeus of Carthage | quotation, medium confidence | ca. 445-450 |
Proverbs 21:26
All day long he covets more, but the righteous give without restraint.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Prov 21:26 | Miscellanies 2.19.102 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, medium confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Prov 21:26 | Fragments on Proverbs, column 215 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 220-254 |
Proverbs 21:27
The sacrifice of the wicked is detestable—how much more so when brought with ill intent!
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Prov 21:27 | Apostolic Constitutions 6.22.4 · Anonymous | quotation, high confidence | ca. 380 |
| Prov 21:27 | Against the Letter of Parmenian 2.11 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, medium confidence | ca. 400 |
Proverbs 21:30
There is no wisdom, no understanding, no counsel that can prevail against the LORD.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Prov 21:30 | The Conferences 7.18 · John Cassian | quotation, high confidence | ca. 426–429 |
Proverbs 21:31
A horse is prepared for the day of battle, but victory is of the LORD.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Prov 21:31 | Fragments on Proverbs, column 217 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 220-254 |
| Prov 21:31 | The Conferences 3.15 · John Cassian | quotation, high confidence | ca. 426–429 |