Psalms 109 in the early church

129 passages quote, allude to, or echo Psalms 109, grouped by verse; passages on the same verse are in date order. Verse text from the Berean Standard Bible (public domain). References use the Protestant English Bible's numbering, with a writer's own numbering in brackets where it differs.

Verses: 1 · 2 · 3 · 4 · 5 · 6 · 7 · 8 · 9 · 10 · 11 · 12 · 14 · 16 · 17 · 18 · 19 · 21 · 22 · 23 · 24 · 25 · 28 · 30 · 31

Psalms 109:1

For the choirmaster. A Psalm of David. O God of my praise, be not silent.
BSB

Reference	Passage	Kind	Date
Ps 109:1 (108:1 LXX)	On Prayer 6.5 · Origen	quotation, high confidence	ca. 233–234
Ps 109:1–2 (108:1-Ps LXX)	Against Celsus 2.11 · Origen	quotation, high confidence	ca. 248
Ps 109:1 (108:1 LXX)	Against Celsus 2.20 · Origen	quotation, high confidence	ca. 248
Ps 109:1–8 (108:1-8 LXX)	Demonstration of the Gospel 10.3.1 · Eusebius of Caesarea	quotation, high confidence	ca. 314–324
Ps 109:1 (108:1 LXX)	Demonstration of the Gospel 10.3.5 · Eusebius of Caesarea	quotation, high confidence	ca. 314–324
Ps 109:1 (108:1 LXX)	Letter to Marcellinus 26 · Athanasius of Alexandria	allusion, high confidence	uncertain, after 335
Ps 109:1 (108:1 LXX)	Catechetical Lecture 13.7 · Cyril of Jerusalem	quotation, high confidence	ca. 350
Ps 109:1–31 (108:1-Ps LXX)	Psalm 108 · Apollinaris of Laodicea	quotation, high confidence	uncertain (fourth to sixth century)
Ps 109:1 (108:1 LXX)	Exposition of Psalm 118 6.13.2 · Ambrose	quotation, high confidence	ca. 386-397
Ps 109:1 (108:1 LXX)	Explanation of Twelve Psalms 38.9.2 · Ambrose	allusion, medium confidence	ca. 387-397
Ps 109:1 (108:1 LXX)	Explanation of Twelve Psalms 40.17.3 · Ambrose	allusion, medium confidence	ca. 387-397
Ps 109:1 (108:1 LXX)	Explanation of Twelve Psalms 43.69.2 · Ambrose	quotation, high confidence	ca. 387-397
Ps 109:1 (108:1 LXX)	Explanation of Twelve Psalms 43.69.3 · Ambrose	allusion, medium confidence	ca. 387-397

Psalms 109:2

For wicked and deceitful mouths open against me; they speak against me with lying tongues.
BSB

Reference	Passage	Kind	Date
Ps 109:2 (108:2 LXX)	Against Celsus 2.20 · Origen	quotation, high confidence	ca. 248
Ps 109:2 (108:2 LXX)	Demonstration of the Gospel 10.3.6 · Eusebius of Caesarea	quotation, high confidence	ca. 314–324
Ps 109:2–3 (108:2-3 LXX)	Demonstration of the Gospel 10.3.9 · Eusebius of Caesarea	quotation, high confidence	ca. 314–324
Ps 109:2 (108:2 LXX)	Catechetical Lecture 13.7 · Cyril of Jerusalem	quotation, high confidence	ca. 350
Ps 109:2 (108:2 LXX)	Exposition of Psalm 118 6.13.2 · Ambrose	quotation, high confidence	ca. 386-397
Ps 109:2 (108:2 LXX)	Explanation of Twelve Psalms 43.69.2 · Ambrose	quotation, high confidence	ca. 387-397

Psalms 109:3

They surround me with hateful words and attack me without cause.
BSB

Reference	Passage	Kind	Date
Ps 109:3 (108:3 LXX)	Catechetical Lecture 13.7 · Cyril of Jerusalem	quotation, high confidence	ca. 350
Ps 109:3 (108:3 LXX)	Exposition of Psalm 118 3.46.2 · Ambrose	quotation, high confidence	ca. 386-397
Ps 109:3 (108:3 LXX)	Explanation of Twelve Psalms 43.69.2 · Ambrose	quotation, high confidence	ca. 387-397
Ps 109:3 (108:3 Vulg.)	Sermon 358.1 · Augustine of Hippo	allusion, medium confidence	ca. 391-430

Psalms 109:4

In return for my love they accuse me, but I am a man of prayer.
BSB

Reference	Passage	Kind	Date
Ps 109:4 (108:4 LXX)	Prophetic Extracts 3.26 · Eusebius of Caesarea	quotation, high confidence	before 325 (probably ca. 310–320)
Ps 109:4 (108:4 LXX)	Demonstration of the Gospel 10.3.11 · Eusebius of Caesarea	quotation, high confidence	ca. 314–324
Ps 109:4–5 (108:4-5 LXX)	Demonstration of the Gospel 10.4.8 · Eusebius of Caesarea	quotation, high confidence	ca. 314–324
Ps 109:4 (108:4 LXX)	Exposition of Psalm 118 3.46.2 · Ambrose	quotation, high confidence	ca. 386-397
Ps 109:4 (108:4 LXX)	Exposition of Psalm 118 6.13.2 · Ambrose	quotation, high confidence	ca. 386-397
Ps 109:4 (108:4 LXX)	Exposition of Psalm 118 12.52.4 · Ambrose	quotation, high confidence	ca. 386-397
Ps 109:4 (108:4 LXX)	Explanation of Twelve Psalms 38.10.1 · Ambrose	quotation, high confidence	ca. 387-397
Ps 109:4–5 (108:4-Ps Vulg.)	Sermon 383.2 · Augustine of Hippo	quotation, high confidence	ca. 391-430
Ps 109:4 (108:4 Vulg.)	Part 2, chapter 9 · Quodvultdeus of Carthage	quotation, high confidence	ca. 445-450

Psalms 109:5

They repay me evil for good, and hatred for my love.
BSB

Reference	Passage	Kind	Date
Ps 109:5 (108:5 LXX)	Prophetic Extracts 3.26 · Eusebius of Caesarea	quotation, high confidence	before 325 (probably ca. 310–320)
Ps 109:5 (108:5 LXX)	Demonstration of the Gospel 10.3.12 · Eusebius of Caesarea	quotation, high confidence	ca. 314–324
Ps 109:5–8 (108:5-8 LXX)	Demonstration of the Gospel 10.3.13 · Eusebius of Caesarea	quotation, high confidence	ca. 314–324
Ps 109:5 (108:5 LXX)	Letter 251 · Basil of Caesarea	allusion, medium confidence	ca. 357–378
Ps 109:5 (108:5 LXX)	Explanation of Twelve Psalms 40.18.2 · Ambrose	allusion, medium confidence	ca. 387-397
Ps 109:5 (108:5 Vulg.)	Letters 24.16 · Paulinus of Nola	echo, low confidence	ca. 394–413
Ps 109:5 (108:5 Vulg.)	Part 2, chapter 25 · Quodvultdeus of Carthage	quotation, high confidence	ca. 445-450

Psalms 109:6

Set over him a wicked man; let an accuser stand at his right hand.
BSB

Reference	Passage	Kind	Date
Ps 109:6 (108:6 LXX)	PG 12:1563 (Ps 106–108 LXX) · Origen	quotation, high confidence	ca. 220-254
Ps 109:6 (108:6 LXX)	PG 12:1665 (Ps 143 LXX) · Origen	allusion, high confidence	ca. 220-254
Ps 109:6 (108:6 LXX)	Demonstration of the Gospel 10.3.14 · Eusebius of Caesarea	allusion, high confidence	ca. 314–324
Ps 109:6 (108:6 Vulg.)	On the Complaints of Job and David 3.27 · Ambrose	quotation, high confidence	ca. 383-390
Ps 109:6 (108:6 LXX)	Explanation of Twelve Psalms 43.69.2 · Ambrose	quotation, high confidence	ca. 387-397
Ps 109:6 (108:6 LXX)	The Conferences 8.17 · John Cassian	quotation, high confidence	ca. 426–429

Psalms 109:7

When he is tried, let him be found guilty, and may his prayer be regarded as sin.
BSB

Reference	Passage	Kind	Date
Ps 109:7 (108:7 LXX)	Fragments on Job, column 71 · Origen	allusion, high confidence	ca. 220-254
Ps 109:7 (108:7 LXX)	On Prayer 5.5 · Origen	quotation, high confidence	ca. 233–234
Ps 109:7 (108:7 LXX)	Homilies on Leviticus 5.9 · Origen	quotation, high confidence	ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
Ps 109:7 (108:7 LXX)	Homilies on Jeremiah 18.10 · Origen	quotation, high confidence	ca. 240
Ps 109:7 (108:7 LXX)	Commentary on Matthew, Latin Series 26 · Origen	quotation, high confidence	ca. 244–249 (Latin translation, 4th–5th century)
Ps 109:7 (108:7 LXX)	Commentary on Romans 7.10 · Origen	quotation, high confidence	ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406)
Ps 109:7 (108:7 LXX)	Commentary on Romans 10.5 · Origen	quotation, high confidence	ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406)
Ps 109:7 (108:7 Vulg.)	On Cain and Abel 1.37 · Ambrose	quotation, high confidence	ca. 375-378
Ps 109:7 (108:7 Vulg.)	On Cain and Abel 2.21 · Ambrose	allusion, medium confidence	ca. 375-378
Ps 109:7 (108:7 Vulg.)	Chapter 9 · Nicetas, bishop of Remesiana	allusion, high confidence	ca. 380–414
Ps 109:7 (108:7 LXX)	Exposition of Psalm 118 22.8.1 · Ambrose	quotation, high confidence	ca. 386-397
Ps 109:7 (108:7 Vulg.)	Sermon 56.2 · Augustine of Hippo	quotation, high confidence	ca. 391-430
Ps 109:7 (108:7 Vulg.)	Sermon 254.4 · Augustine of Hippo	quotation, high confidence	ca. 391-430
Ps 109:7 (108:7 Vulg.)	On the Governance of God 3.48 · Salvian of Marseilles	quotation, high confidence	ca. 439-451

Psalms 109:8

May his days be few; may another take his position.
BSB

Reference	Passage	Kind	Date
Ps 109:8 (108:8 LXX)	Against Heresies 2.20.2 · Irenaeus of Lyons	quotation, medium confidence	ca. 180–190
Ps 109:8 (108:8 LXX)	Against Heresies 3.12.1 · Irenaeus of Lyons	quotation, high confidence	ca. 180–190
Ps 109:8 (108:8 Vulg.)	Prescription against Heretics 20 · Tertullian	allusion, high confidence	ca. 203
Ps 109:8 (108:8 LXX)	On Prayer 5.5 · Origen	quotation, high confidence	ca. 233–234
Ps 109:8 (108:8 LXX)	Against Celsus 2.11 · Origen	quotation, high confidence	ca. 248
Ps 109:8 (108:8 LXX)	Commentary on Matthew, Latin Series 104 · Origen	allusion, medium confidence	ca. 244–249 (Latin translation, 4th–5th century)
Ps 109:8 (108:8 LXX)	Demonstration of the Gospel 10.3.3 · Eusebius of Caesarea	quotation, high confidence	ca. 314–324
Ps 109:8 (108:8 LXX)	Demonstration of the Gospel 10.3.15 · Eusebius of Caesarea	quotation, high confidence	ca. 314–324
Ps 109:8 (108:8 Vulg.)	Tractates on the Psalms 0.1 · Hilary of Poitiers	quotation, high confidence	ca. 360–367
Ps 109:8 (108:8 LXX)	Panarion (Adversus Haereses), Haer. 1-64 38.8.2 · Epiphanius of Salamis	quotation, medium confidence	374-377
Ps 109:8 (108:8 LXX)	Apostolic Constitutions 6.12.1 · Anonymous	quotation, high confidence	ca. 380
Ps 109:8 (108:8 LXX)	Book of Heresies 34.3 · Philastrius of Brescia	allusion, medium confidence	ca. 380s
Ps 109:8 (108:8 Vulg.)	Sermon 22.1 · Augustine of Hippo	allusion, medium confidence	ca. 391-430
Ps 109:8 (108:8 LXX)	Against Felix the Manichaean 1.4 · Augustine of Hippo	quotation, high confidence	December 404
Ps 109:8 (108:8 LXX)	Tractates on the Gospel of John 107.7 · Augustine of Hippo	allusion, medium confidence	ca. 406–420

Psalms 109:9

May his children be fatherless and his wife a widow.
BSB

Reference	Passage	Kind	Date
Ps 109:9 (108:9 LXX)	PG 12:1563 (Ps 106–108 LXX) · Origen	quotation, high confidence	ca. 220-254
Ps 109:9 (108:9 LXX)	Demonstration of the Gospel 10.3.16 · Eusebius of Caesarea	quotation, high confidence	ca. 314–324
Ps 109:9 (108:9 LXX)	The Lord's Sermon on the Mount 1.21 · Augustine of Hippo	quotation, high confidence	ca. 393–396

Psalms 109:10

May his children wander as beggars, seeking sustenance far from their ruined homes.
BSB

Reference	Passage	Kind	Date
Ps 109:10 (108:10 LXX)	Explanation of Twelve Psalms 61.18.5 · Ambrose	quotation, high confidence	ca. 387-397
Ps 109:10 (108:10 LXX)	Explanation of Twelve Psalms 61.27.2 · Ambrose	quotation, high confidence	ca. 387-397

Psalms 109:11

May the creditor seize all he owns, and strangers plunder the fruits of his labor.
BSB

Reference	Passage	Kind	Date
Ps 109:11 (108:11 LXX)	On Prayer 24.5 · Origen	quotation, high confidence	ca. 233–234
Ps 109:11 (108:11 Vulg.)	Against the Arians 7 · Phoebadius of Agen	quotation, high confidence	ca. 357-358
Ps 109:11 (108:11 Vulg.)	On Tobit 12 · Ambrose	allusion, high confidence	ca. 380-390

Psalms 109:12

May there be no one to extend kindness to him, and no one to favor his fatherless children.
BSB

Reference	Passage	Kind	Date
Ps 109:12 (108:12 LXX)	Fragments on Genesis, column 65 · Origen	quotation, high confidence	ca. 220-254
Ps 109:12 (108:12 LXX)	On Prayer 24.5 · Origen	quotation, high confidence	ca. 233–234
Ps 109:12 (108:12 LXX)	Preparation for the Gospel 6.11.39 · Eusebius of Caesarea	quotation, high confidence	ca. 313–324

Psalms 109:14

May the iniquity of his fathers be remembered before the LORD, and the sin of his mother never be blotted out.
BSB

Reference	Passage	Kind	Date
Ps 109:14 (108:14 LXX)	Demonstration of the Gospel 10.3.16 · Eusebius of Caesarea	quotation, high confidence	ca. 314–324
Ps 109:14–15 (108:14-15 LXX)	Commentary on Jeremiah 3.38 · Jerome	quotation, high confidence	ca. 414-419

Psalms 109:16

For he never thought to show kindness, but pursued the poor and needy and brokenhearted, even to their death.
BSB

Reference	Passage	Kind	Date
Ps 109:16 (108:16 LXX)	Fragments on Genesis, column 65 · Origen	quotation, high confidence	ca. 220-254
Ps 109:16 (108:16 LXX)	Against Celsus 2.20 · Origen	quotation, high confidence	ca. 248
Ps 109:16 (108:16 LXX)	Preparation for the Gospel 6.11.39 · Eusebius of Caesarea	quotation, high confidence	ca. 313–324
Ps 109:16–17 (108:16-17 LXX)	Demonstration of the Gospel 10.3.18 · Eusebius of Caesarea	quotation, high confidence	ca. 314–324
Ps 109:16 (108:16 LXX)	Demonstration of the Gospel 10.3.24 · Eusebius of Caesarea	quotation, high confidence	ca. 314–324
Ps 109:16 (108:16 LXX)	Explanation of Twelve Psalms 40.4.3 · Ambrose	quotation, high confidence	ca. 387-397

Psalms 109:17

The cursing that he loved, may it fall on him; the blessing in which he refused to delight, may it be far from him.
BSB

Reference	Passage	Kind	Date
Ps 109:17 (108:17 LXX)	Fragments on Genesis, column 65 · Origen	quotation, high confidence	ca. 220-254
Ps 109:17 (108:17 LXX)	Preparation for the Gospel 6.11.39 · Eusebius of Caesarea	quotation, high confidence	ca. 313–324
Ps 109:17 (108:18 Vulg.)	Letters 23.4 · Paulinus of Nola	quotation, high confidence	ca. 394–413
Ps 109:17 (108:17 LXX)	On the Proceedings of Pelagius 7 · Augustine of Hippo	quotation, high confidence	417
Ps 109:17 (108:18 Vulg.)	Part 2, chapter 24 · Quodvultdeus of Carthage	quotation, high confidence	ca. 445-450

Psalms 109:18

The cursing that he wore like a coat, may it soak into his body like water, and into his bones like oil.
BSB

Reference	Passage	Kind	Date
Ps 109:18 (108:18 LXX)	Homilies on Psalms 36-38 1.3 · Origen	allusion, high confidence	ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
Ps 109:18	Demonstration 9.2 · Aphrahat	allusion, medium confidence	337-345
Ps 109:18 (108:18 Vulg.)	On the Complaints of Job and David 3.10 · Ambrose	quotation, high confidence	ca. 383-390
Ps 109:18 (108:18 Vulg.)	Letters 15.1 · Paulinus of Nola	allusion, medium confidence	ca. 394–413

Psalms 109:19

May it be like a robe wrapped about him, like a belt tied forever around him.
BSB

Reference	Passage	Kind	Date
Ps 109:19 (108:19 LXX)	PG 12:1563 (Ps 106–108 LXX) · Origen	quotation, high confidence	ca. 220-254

Psalms 109:21

But You, O GOD, the Lord, deal kindly with me for the sake of Your name; deliver me by the goodness of Your loving devotion.
BSB

Reference	Passage	Kind	Date
Ps 109:21–22 (108:21-22 LXX)	Demonstration of the Gospel 10.3.19 · Eusebius of Caesarea	quotation, high confidence	ca. 314–324

Psalms 109:22

For I am poor and needy; my heart is wounded within me.
BSB

Reference	Passage	Kind	Date
Ps 109:22 (108:22 Vulg.)	Confessions 10.63 · Augustine of Hippo	quotation, high confidence	ca. 397–401

Psalms 109:23

I am fading away like a lengthening shadow; I am shaken off like a locust.
BSB

Reference	Passage	Kind	Date
Ps 109:23 (108:23 LXX)	Letter 31 · Gregory of Nazianzus	allusion, medium confidence	ca. 360–390
Ps 109:23–24 (108:23-Ps LXX)	Sermon 167 · Peter Chrysologus	quotation, high confidence	ca. 425-450

Psalms 109:24

My knees are weak from fasting, and my body grows lean and gaunt.
BSB

Reference	Passage	Kind	Date
Ps 109:24 (108:24 LXX)	PG 12:1563 (Ps 106–108 LXX) · Origen	quotation, high confidence	ca. 220-254
Ps 109:24 (108:24 LXX)	PG 12:1565 (Ps 108–111 LXX) · Origen	quotation, high confidence	ca. 220-254
Ps 109:24–25 (108:24-25 LXX)	Demonstration of the Gospel 10.3.19 · Eusebius of Caesarea	quotation, high confidence	ca. 314–324
Ps 109:24 (108:24 LXX)	Letter 22.17 · Jerome	quotation, high confidence	ca. 370–419
Ps 109:24 (108:24 LXX)	Apostolic Constitutions 5.20.16 · Anonymous	quotation, high confidence	ca. 380
Ps 109:24 (108:24 LXX)	Against Jovinianus 2.15 · Jerome	quotation, high confidence	393
Ps 109:24 (108:24 Vulg.)	The Conferences 20.8 · John Cassian	quotation, high confidence	ca. 426–429

Psalms 109:25

I am an object of scorn to my accusers; when they see me, they shake their heads.
BSB

Reference	Passage	Kind	Date
Ps 109:25 (108:25 LXX)	Demonstration of the Gospel 10.3.20 · Eusebius of Caesarea	quotation, high confidence	ca. 314–324
Ps 109:25 (108:25 LXX)	Exposition of Psalm 118 6.13.3 · Ambrose	quotation, high confidence	ca. 386-397
Ps 109:25 (108:25 LXX)	Explanation of Twelve Psalms 38.14.1 · Ambrose	quotation, high confidence	ca. 387-397

Psalms 109:28

Though they curse, You will bless. When they rise up, they will be put to shame, but Your servant will rejoice.
BSB

Reference	Passage	Kind	Date
Ps 109:28 (108:28 LXX)	PG 12:1565 (Ps 108–111 LXX) · Origen	quotation, high confidence	ca. 220-254
Ps 109:28 (108:28 LXX)	Demonstration of the Gospel 10.3.20 · Eusebius of Caesarea	quotation, high confidence	ca. 314–324
Ps 109:28–31 (108:28-31 LXX)	Demonstration of the Gospel 10.3.21 · Eusebius of Caesarea	quotation, high confidence	ca. 314–324
Ps 109:28 (108:28 LXX)	On the Duties of the Clergy 2.7 · Ambrose	allusion, medium confidence	ca. 386–390
Ps 109:28 (108:28 LXX)	Exposition of Psalm 118 6.13.3 · Ambrose	allusion, high confidence	ca. 386-397
Ps 109:28 (108:28 LXX)	Exposition of Psalm 118 6.14.1 · Ambrose	quotation, high confidence	ca. 386-397
Ps 109:28 (108:28 LXX)	Exposition of Psalm 118 12.52.4 · Ambrose	quotation, high confidence	ca. 386-397
Ps 109:28 (108:28 LXX)	Explanation of Twelve Psalms 38.14.2 · Ambrose	quotation, high confidence	ca. 387-397
Ps 109:28 (108:28 Vulg.)	Part 2, chapter 12 · Quodvultdeus of Carthage	quotation, high confidence	ca. 445-450

Psalms 109:30

With my mouth I will thank the LORD profusely; I will praise Him in the presence of many.
BSB

Reference	Passage	Kind	Date
Ps 109:30–31 (108:30-31 LXX)	Demonstration of the Gospel 10.3.22 · Eusebius of Caesarea	quotation, high confidence	ca. 314–324

Psalms 109:31

For He stands at the right hand of the needy one, to save him from the condemners of his soul.
BSB

Reference	Passage	Kind	Date
Ps 109:31 (108:31 LXX)	Demonstration of the Gospel 10.3.23 · Eusebius of Caesarea	quotation, high confidence	ca. 314–324
Ps 109:31 (108:31 LXX)	Demonstration of the Gospel 10.3.24 · Eusebius of Caesarea	quotation, high confidence	ca. 314–324