Numbers 13 in the early church
77 passages quote, allude to, or echo Numbers 13, grouped by verse; passages on the same verse are in date order. Verse text from the Berean Standard Bible (public domain). References use the Protestant English Bible's numbering, with a writer's own numbering in brackets where it differs.
Verses: 1 · 2 · 3 · 4 · 8 · 16 · 17 · 19 · 20 · 22 · 23 · 25 · 27 · 28 · 31 · 32 · 33
Numbers 13:1
And the LORD said to Moses,
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Num 13:1–14:38 | On the Life of Moses 323 · Gregory of Nyssa | allusion, high confidence | ca. 385–395 |
| Num 13:1–22 | Numbers, lines 303–327 · Cyprianus Gallus | allusion, high confidence | early 5th cent. |
| Num 13:1–27 | Part 2, chapter 9 · Quodvultdeus of Carthage | allusion, high confidence | ca. 445-450 |
Numbers 13:2
“Send out for yourself men to spy out the land of Canaan, which I am giving to the Israelites. From each of their fathers’ tribes send one man who is a leader among them.”
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Num 13:2 | Arabic Pentateuch fragment XVII (on Num 13) · Hippolytus of Rome | allusion, high confidence | unknown (transmitted in a medieval Arabic catena) |
| Num 13:2 | Eclogae on Exodus-Judges, column 573 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 220-254 |
| Num 13:2 | Homilies on Numbers 7.5 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Num 13:2–3 | Demonstration of the Gospel 3.2.25 · Eusebius of Caesarea | allusion, high confidence | ca. 314–324 |
| Num 13:2 | Letter 78.17 · Jerome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
Numbers 13:3
So at the command of the LORD, Moses sent them out from the Wilderness of Paran. All the men were leaders of the Israelites,
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Num 13:3 | Against Faustus the Manichaean 16.19 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | ca. 398–400 |
Numbers 13:4
and these were their names: From the tribe of Reuben, Shammua son of Zaccur;
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Num 13:4 | Arabic Pentateuch fragment XVII (on Num 13) · Hippolytus of Rome | allusion, high confidence | unknown (transmitted in a medieval Arabic catena) |
Numbers 13:8
from the tribe of Ephraim, Hoshea son of Nun;
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Num 13:8 | Fragments on Genesis, column 139 · Origen | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 220-254 |
| Num 13:8 | Fragments on Genesis, column 145 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 220-254 |
| Num 13:8 | Homilies on Joshua 1.2 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Num 13:8 | Against Marcellus 1.2.10 · Eusebius of Caesarea | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 336–337 |
Numbers 13:16
These were the names of the men Moses sent to spy out the land; and Moses gave to Hoshea son of Nun the name Joshua.
Numbers 13:17
When Moses sent them to spy out the land of Canaan, he told them, “Go up through the Negev and into the hill country.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Num 13:17–33 | On the Life of Moses 411 · Gregory of Nyssa | allusion, high confidence | ca. 385–395 |
Numbers 13:19
Is the land where they live good or bad? Are the cities where they dwell open camps or fortifications?
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Num 13:19 | On Christian Doctrine 2.13 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | Books 1–3 ca. 396–397; completed 426–427 |
Numbers 13:20
Is the soil fertile or unproductive? Are there trees in it or not? Be courageous and bring back some of the fruit of the land.” (It was the season for the first ripe grapes.)
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Num 13:20 | Fragment 5 · Peter of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 300–311 |
Numbers 13:22
They went up through the Negev and came to Hebron, where Ahiman, Sheshai, and Talmai, the descendants of Anak, dwelled. It had been built seven years before Zoan in Egypt.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Num 13:22 | Homilies on Joshua 20.3 · Origen | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Num 13:22 | On the Destruction of Jerusalem 4.23 · Anonymous | echo, low confidence | ca. 370 |
Numbers 13:23
When they came to the Valley of Eshcol, they cut down a branch with a single cluster of grapes, which they carried on a pole between two men. They also took some pomegranates and figs.
Numbers 13:25
After forty days the men returned from spying out the land,
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Num 13:25 | Arabic Pentateuch fragment XVII (on Num 13) · Hippolytus of Rome | quotation, high confidence | unknown (transmitted in a medieval Arabic catena) |
| Num 13:25 | Homilies on Numbers 8.1 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Num 13:25 | Commentary on Matthew 3 · Hilary of Poitiers | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 353–355 |
| Num 13:25 | Sermon 166 · Peter Chrysologus | allusion, high confidence | ca. 425-450 |
Numbers 13:27
And they gave this account to Moses: “We went into the land to which you sent us, and indeed, it is flowing with milk and honey. Here is some of its fruit!
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Num 13:27 | Homilies on Numbers 7.5 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Num 13:27 | On the Duties of the Clergy 3.8 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 386–390 |
| Num 13:27 | Exposition of Psalm 118 5.18.2 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 386-397 |
Numbers 13:28
Nevertheless, the people living in the land are strong, and the cities are large and fortified. We even saw the descendants of Anak there.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Num 13:28 | On the Duties of the Clergy 3.8 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 386–390 |
| Num 13:28–33 | Part 2, chapter 9 · Quodvultdeus of Carthage | allusion, high confidence | ca. 445-450 |
Numbers 13:31
But the men who had gone up with him replied, “We cannot go up against the people, for they are stronger than we are!”
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Num 13:31–33 | Homilies on Numbers 26.3 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
Numbers 13:32
So they gave the Israelites a bad report about the land that they had spied out: “The land we explored devours its inhabitants, and all the people we saw there are great in stature.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Num 13:32 | Eclogae on Exodus-Judges, column 573 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 220-254 |
Numbers 13:33
We even saw the Nephilim there—the descendants of Anak that come from the Nephilim! We seemed like grasshoppers in our own sight, and we must have seemed the same to them!”
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Num 13:33 | Homilies on Numbers 7.5 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Num 13:33 | Oration 14.23 · Gregory of Nazianzus | allusion, high confidence | ca. 362–383 |