2 Maccabees in the early church
[in RC, EO canons]
Texts outside the 66 books of the Protestant Bible. A bracket shows which other churches include a book in their Old Testament canon: RC = Roman Catholic, EO = Eastern Orthodox, ETH = Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo.
The Ethiopian canon has three books of Meqabyan, which are different works.
96 passages cite it, in date order.
| Passage | Cites | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Shepherd of Hermas, Mandate 1.1 (26.1) · Hermas | 7.28 | echo, low confidence | ca. 100–150 |
| To Autolycus 1.4 · Theophilus of Antioch | 7.28 | echo, medium confidence | ca. 180–185 |
| Miscellanies 5.14.97 · Clement of Alexandria | 1.10 | allusion, high confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| On Christ and Antichrist 49 · Hippolytus of Rome | 6.7 | quotation, high confidence | ca. 200–215 |
| On Christ and Antichrist 49 · Hippolytus of Rome | 9.9 | allusion, high confidence | ca. 200–215 |
| Commentary on Daniel 2.19 · Hippolytus of Rome | 7.1-6 | quotation, high confidence | ca. 202-204 |
| Commentary on Daniel 2.20 · Hippolytus of Rome | 7.1-6 | quotation, high confidence | ca. 202-204 |
| Commentary on Daniel 2.35 · Hippolytus of Rome | 7 | allusion, high confidence | ca. 202-204 |
| Commentary on Daniel 3.4 · Hippolytus of Rome | 9.5-12 | quotation, high confidence | ca. 202-204 |
| On First Principles 2.1.5 · Origen | 7.28 | quotation, high confidence | ca. 220–230 (Rufinus's translation 398) |
| Commentary on John 1.103 · Origen | 7.28 | allusion, high confidence | ca. 230–248 |
| Commentary on John 13.403 · Origen | 15.14 | quotation, high confidence | ca. 230–248 |
| On Prayer 11.1 · Origen | 15.12–16 | quotation, high confidence | ca. 233–234 |
| Exhortation to Martyrdom 22 · Origen | 6.18–31 | quotation, high confidence | 235 |
| Exhortation to Martyrdom 23 · Origen | 7.1–6 | quotation, high confidence | 235 |
| Exhortation to Martyrdom 24 · Origen | 7.7–9 | quotation, high confidence | 235 |
| Exhortation to Martyrdom 25 · Origen | 7.10–19 | quotation, high confidence | 235 |
| Exhortation to Martyrdom 26 · Origen | 7.24–35 | quotation, high confidence | 235 |
| Exhortation to Martyrdom 27 · Origen | 7.20 | quotation, high confidence | 235 |
| Commentary on the Song of Songs 3.191 · Origen | 15.14 | quotation, high confidence | ca. 240–245 (Rufinus's translation ca. 410) |
| On the Singleness of Clerics 8 · Anonymous | 6.23 | quotation, high confidence | 3rd cent. (disputed) |
| Against Celsus 3.3 · Origen | 6–7 | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 248 |
| Against Celsus 8.46 · Origen | 3 | allusion, high confidence | ca. 248 |
| Commentary on Matthew 15.35 · Origen | 15.14 | allusion, high confidence | ca. 246–248 |
| Commentary on Romans 4.9 · Origen | 7 | allusion, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| To Quirinus 3.4 · Cyprian of Carthage | 9.12 | quotation, high confidence | ca. 248–250 (book 3 perhaps later) |
| Letter 58.6 · Cyprian of Carthage | 7 | allusion, high confidence | 249/250–258 |
| To Fortunatus 11 · Cyprian of Carthage | 7 | quotation, high confidence | 253 or 257 |
| To Fortunatus 11 · Cyprian of Carthage | 6.18–31 | quotation, high confidence | 253 or 257 |
| Passion of Marian and James 13 · Anonymous | 7.20 | allusion, medium confidence | 259 |
| Passion of Montanus and Lucius 16 · Anonymous | 7.20 | allusion, medium confidence | 259 |
| On Free Will 3.8 · Methodius of Olympus | 7.28 | echo, low confidence | late 3rd cent. (disputed) |
| Res. 3.1 · Methodius of Olympus | 14.37-46 | allusion, high confidence | late 3rd cent. (disputed) |
| Church History 5.1.55 · Eusebius of Caesarea | 7.20-23 | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 300–325 |
| Apology for Origen 1.1 · Pamphilus of Caesarea | 7.28 | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 308–310 (Rufinus's Latin about 397) |
| Preparation for the Gospel 8.9.38 · Eusebius of Caesarea | 1.10 | allusion, high confidence | ca. 313–324 |
| Preparation for the Gospel 9.39.5 · Eusebius of Caesarea | 2.4–5 | echo, medium confidence | ca. 313–324 |
| Preparation for the Gospel 12.3.2 · Eusebius of Caesarea | 15.12–16 | allusion, high confidence | ca. 313–324 |
| On the Deaths of the Persecutors 33.1 · Lactantius | 9.5–10 | echo, low confidence | ca. 314–315 |
| Demonstration of the Gospel 8.2.71 · Eusebius of Caesarea | 4.7-17 | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 314–324 |
| Demonstration of the Gospel 10.1.10 · Eusebius of Caesarea | 6-7 | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 314–324 |
| Life of Constantine 1.57.1 · Eusebius of Caesarea | 9.9 | echo, low confidence | ca. 337–339 |
| On the Trinity 4.16 · Hilary of Poitiers | 7.28 | allusion, low confidence | ca. 356–360 |
| Letter 6 · Basil of Caesarea | 7 | allusion, high confidence | ca. 357–378 |
| Against Constantius 6 · Hilary of Poitiers | 7.9 | quotation, high confidence | ca. 360–361 |
| Against Constantius 6 · Hilary of Poitiers | 7.16 | quotation, high confidence | ca. 360–361 |
| Against Constantius 6 · Hilary of Poitiers | 7.31 | quotation, high confidence | ca. 360–361 |
| Tractates on the Psalms 125.4 · Hilary of Poitiers | 6.18 | allusion, high confidence | ca. 360–367 |
| Tractates on the Psalms 125.4 · Hilary of Poitiers | 7.1 | allusion, high confidence | ca. 360–367 |
| Tractates on the Psalms 125.6 · Hilary of Poitiers | 7.28 | echo, low confidence | ca. 360–367 |
| Tractates on the Psalms 134.25 · Hilary of Poitiers | 6.18 | allusion, high confidence | ca. 360–367 |
| Tractates on the Psalms 134.25 · Hilary of Poitiers | 7.6 | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 360–367 |
| Oration 5.38 · Gregory of Nazianzus | 7.1 | allusion, high confidence | ca. 362–383 |
| Oration 43.58 · Gregory of Nazianzus | 7.1 | allusion, high confidence | ca. 362–383 |
| Letter 7.6 · Jerome | 7.1 | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| Letter 67.6 · Jerome | 7 | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| Letter 100.9 · Jerome | 7.1 | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| Letter 112.15 · Jerome | 6-7 | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| Apostolic Canon 85 · Anonymous | — | allusion, high confidence | ca. 380 |
| Apostolic Constitutions 8.6.9 · Anonymous | 1.3 | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 380 |
| Apostolic Constitutions 8.16.5 · Anonymous | 1.3 | allusion, low confidence | ca. 380 |
| On Virgins 1.3 · Ambrose | 3.19 | echo, low confidence | ca. 377 |
| On the Duties of the Clergy 1.41 · Ambrose | 7.1–41 | allusion, high confidence | ca. 386–390 |
| On the Duties of the Clergy 2.29 · Ambrose | 3.4–40 | allusion, high confidence | ca. 386–390 |
| On the Duties of the Clergy 3.17 · Ambrose | 1.18–36 | allusion, high confidence | ca. 386–390 |
| On the Duties of the Clergy 3.17 · Ambrose | 2.1–8 | quotation, high confidence | ca. 386–390 |
| On the Duties of the Clergy 3.18 · Ambrose | 2.11 | quotation, high confidence | ca. 386–390 |
| Letter 40.6 · Augustine of Hippo | 6–7 | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 386–430 |
| Letter 75.15 · Augustine of Hippo | 6–7 | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 386–430 |
| Letter 111.5 · Augustine of Hippo | 7.18-19 | quotation, high confidence | ca. 386–430 |
| Letter 204.6 · Augustine of Hippo | 14.37–46 | allusion, high confidence | ca. 386–430 |
| Letter 204.7 · Augustine of Hippo | 14.37–46 | allusion, high confidence | ca. 386–430 |
| Letter 204.8 · Augustine of Hippo | 14.42–46 | allusion, high confidence | ca. 386–430 |
| Letter 243.6 · Augustine of Hippo | 7 | allusion, high confidence | ca. 386–430 |
| Homilies on Matthew 36.2 · John Chrysostom | 7.1 | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 390 |
| On the Catholic Way of Life and the Manichaean Way of Life 1.23 · Augustine of Hippo | 7 | allusion, high confidence | ca. 387–389 |
| Sermon 32.18 · Augustine of Hippo | 7 | allusion, high confidence | ca. 391-430 |
| Sermon 100.2 · Augustine of Hippo | 7.22-23 | allusion, high confidence | ca. 391-430 |
| On Faith and the Creed 2 · Augustine of Hippo | 7.28 | allusion, medium confidence | 393 |
| On Christian Doctrine 2.8 · Augustine of Hippo | — | allusion, high confidence | Books 1–3 ca. 396–397; completed 426–427 |
| Against Faustus the Manichaean 19.14 · Augustine of Hippo | 6.18–7.42 | allusion, high confidence | ca. 398–400 |
| Canon 47 · Anonymous | — | allusion, high confidence | 397 |
| On the Nature of the Good 26 · Augustine of Hippo | 7.28 | quotation, high confidence | ca. 399 |
| Commentary on the Apostles' Creed 38 · Rufinus of Aquileia | — | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 404 |
| Tractates on the Gospel of John 11.14 · Augustine of Hippo | 7 | allusion, high confidence | ca. 406–420 |
| Homilies on the First Epistle of John 8.7 · Augustine of Hippo | 7 | allusion, high confidence | ca. 407 |
| City of God 18.36 · Augustine of Hippo | 6.18-7.42 | allusion, high confidence | 413–426 |
| City of God 18.45 · Augustine of Hippo | — | allusion, medium confidence | 413–426 |
| On the Soul and Its Origin 1.13 · Augustine of Hippo | 12.43 | allusion, high confidence | ca. 419–420 |
| On the Soul and Its Origin 1.23 · Augustine of Hippo | 7.22 | quotation, high confidence | ca. 419–420 |
| On the Soul and Its Origin 1.25 · Augustine of Hippo | 7.22 | quotation, high confidence | ca. 419–420 |
| On the Soul and Its Origin 2.15 · Augustine of Hippo | 12.40 | allusion, high confidence | ca. 419–420 |
| On the Soul and Its Origin 3.18 · Augustine of Hippo | 12.43 | allusion, high confidence | ca. 419–420 |
| On Care for the Dead 3 · Augustine of Hippo | 12.43 | allusion, high confidence | ca. 421–422 |
| The Conferences 8.4 · John Cassian | 6.2 | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 426–429 |
| On Rebuke and Grace 13 · Augustine of Hippo | 7.29 | quotation, high confidence | ca. 427 |