1 Kings 11 in the early church
[LXX: 3 Kingdoms; Vulgate: 3 Kings]
120 passages quote, allude to, or echo 1 Kings 11, grouped by verse; passages on the same verse are in date order. Verse text from the Berean Standard Bible (public domain). References use the Protestant English Bible's numbering, with a writer's own numbering in brackets where it differs.
Verses: 1 · 3 · 4 · 5 · 6 · 7 · 9 · 11 · 12 · 13 · 14 · 23 · 25 · 26 · 29 · 30 · 31 · 33 · 40 · 42 · 43
1 Kings 11:1
King Solomon, however, loved many foreign women along with the daughter of Pharaoh—women of Moab, Ammon, Edom, and Sidon, as well as Hittite women.
1 Kings 11:3
He had seven hundred wives of royal birth and three hundred concubines—and his wives turned his heart away.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Kgs 11:3 | On Monogamy 6 · Tertullian | allusion, high confidence | ca. 210–217 |
| 1 Kgs 11:3 | Letter 72.3 · Jerome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| 1 Kgs 11:3–4 | Against Jovinianus 1.24 · Jerome | allusion, high confidence | 393 |
| 1 Kgs 11:3 | Against Faustus the Manichaean 22.5 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | ca. 398–400 |
| 1 Kgs 11:3 | Against Faustus the Manichaean 32.4 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | ca. 398–400 |
1 Kings 11:4
For when Solomon grew old, his wives turned his heart after other gods, and he was not wholeheartedly devoted to the LORD his God, as his father David had been.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Kgs 11:4 | Against Heresies 4.27.1 · Irenaeus of Lyons | quotation, high confidence | ca. 180–190 |
| 1 Kgs 11:4 | Prophetic Extracts 53.3 · Clement of Alexandria | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 200 |
| 1 Kgs 11:4 | Letters to Virgins 2.12.1 · Anonymous | allusion, high confidence | 3rd century |
| 1 Kgs 11:4 | Prescription against Heretics 3 · Tertullian | allusion, high confidence | ca. 203 |
| 1 Kgs 11:4 | Against Marcion 3.20 · Tertullian | allusion, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| 1 Kgs 11:4 | Against Marcion 5.9 · Tertullian | allusion, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| 1 Kgs 11:4 | Homilies on Numbers 6.3 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| 1 Kgs 11:4 | Lines 501–524 · Commodian | allusion, high confidence | 3rd century (disputed) |
| 1 Kgs 11:4 | Commentary on Romans 2.13 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| 1 Kgs 11:4 | To Quirinus 3.62 · Cyprian of Carthage | quotation, high confidence | ca. 248–250 (book 3 perhaps later) |
| 1 Kgs 11:4 | Lepr. 17 · Methodius of Olympus | allusion, medium confidence | late 3rd cent. (disputed) |
| 1 Kgs 11:4 | Prophetic Extracts 1.20 · Eusebius of Caesarea | allusion, high confidence | before 325 (probably ca. 310–320) |
| 1 Kgs 11:4–6 | Demonstration of the Gospel 7.3.10 · Eusebius of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 314–324 |
| 1 Kgs 11:4–8 | On Apostate Kings 3 · Lucifer of Cagliari | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 356–361 |
| 1 Kgs 11:4 | Letter 42 · Basil of Caesarea | allusion, high confidence | ca. 357–378 |
| 1 Kgs 11:4 | Oration 36.3 · Gregory of Nazianzus | allusion, high confidence | ca. 362–383 |
| 1 Kgs 11:4 | Letter 125.1 · Jerome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| 1 Kgs 11:4 | Second Apology of David 16 · Ambrose | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 384-397 |
| 1 Kgs 11:4 | Second Apology of David 23 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 384-397 |
| 1 Kgs 11:4 | Apology of the Prophet David 13 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 384-390 |
| 1 Kgs 11:4 | Exposition of Psalm 118 15.18.3 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 386-397 |
| 1 Kgs 11:4 | Homilies on Matthew 67.4 · John Chrysostom | allusion, high confidence | ca. 390 |
| 1 Kgs 11:4 | Against Faustus the Manichaean 22.81 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | ca. 398–400 |
| 1 Kgs 11:4 | Against Faustus the Manichaean 22.88 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | ca. 398–400 |
| 1 Kgs 11:4 | City of God 14.11 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | 413–426 |
| 1 Kgs 11:4 | Formulae of Spiritual Understanding 5 · Eucherius of Lyon | quotation, high confidence | ca. 420-430 |
| 1 Kgs 11:4–11 | Part 2, chapter 27 · Quodvultdeus of Carthage | allusion, high confidence | ca. 445-450 |
1 Kings 11:5
Solomon followed Ashtoreth the goddess of the Sidonians and Milcom the abomination of the Ammonites.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Kgs 11:5 | Dialogue with Trypho 34.8 · Justin Martyr | allusion, high confidence | ca. 155–160 |
| 1 Kgs 11:5 | Against Marcion 2.23 · Tertullian | allusion, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| 1 Kgs 11:5 | Oration 40.43 · Gregory of Nazianzus | allusion, high confidence | ca. 362–383 |
| 1 Kgs 11:5 | Letter 72.3 · Jerome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| 1 Kgs 11:5 | Book of Rules 4 · Tyconius | allusion, high confidence | ca. 380 |
| 1 Kgs 11:5 | Apostolic Constitutions 5.12.2 · Anonymous | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 380 |
| 1 Kgs 11:5–7 | Book of Heresies 17.1 · Philastrius of Brescia | allusion, high confidence | ca. 380s |
| 1 Kgs 11:5 | Instructions 2.9 · Eucherius of Lyon | allusion, high confidence | ca. 428-434 |
1 Kings 11:6
So Solomon did evil in the sight of the LORD; unlike his father David, he did not follow the LORD completely.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Kgs 11:6 | Against Heresies 4.27.1 · Irenaeus of Lyons | quotation, high confidence | ca. 180–190 |
| 1 Kgs 11:6 | Altercatio, chapter 2, speech 49 · Evagrius of Gaul | quotation, high confidence | ca. 400 |
1 Kings 11:7
At that time on a hill east of Jerusalem, Solomon built a high place for Chemosh the abomination of Moab and for Molech the abomination of the Ammonites.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Kgs 11:7 | Homilies on Numbers 6.3 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| 1 Kgs 11:7 | Commentary on Romans 2.13 · Origen | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| 1 Kgs 11:7 | Oration 16.19 · Gregory of Nazianzus | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 362–383 |
| 1 Kgs 11:7 | Letter 129.5 · Jerome | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| 1 Kgs 11:7 | Apostolic Constitutions 5.12.2 · Anonymous | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 380 |
| 1 Kgs 11:7 | Altercatio, chapter 2, speech 49 · Evagrius of Gaul | quotation, high confidence | ca. 400 |
| 1 Kgs 11:7 | Homily 1 · Gregory of Nyssa | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 390–394 |
1 Kings 11:9
Now the LORD grew angry with Solomon, because his heart had turned away from the LORD, the God of Israel, who had appeared to him twice.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Kgs 11:9 | Against Heresies 4.27.1 · Irenaeus of Lyons | quotation, high confidence | ca. 180–190 |
1 Kings 11:11
Then the LORD said to Solomon, “Because you have done this and have not kept My covenant and My statutes, which I have commanded you, I will tear the kingdom away from you and give it to your servant.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Kgs 11:11 | Against Marcion 2.23 · Tertullian | allusion, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| 1 Kgs 11:11 | Book of Rules 4 · Tyconius | quotation, high confidence | ca. 380 |
| 1 Kgs 11:11 | Apology of the Prophet David 3 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 384-390 |
| 1 Kgs 11:11–13 | City of God 17.21 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | 413–426 |
1 Kings 11:12
Nevertheless, for the sake of your father David, I will not do it during your lifetime; I will tear it out of the hand of your son.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Kgs 11:12 | Book of Rules 4 · Tyconius | quotation, high confidence | ca. 380 |
| 1 Kgs 11:12 | Apology of the Prophet David 3 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 384-390 |
| 1 Kgs 11:12 | On the Duties of the Clergy 2.7 · Ambrose | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 386–390 |
| 1 Kgs 11:12 | Homilies on Matthew 2.3 · John Chrysostom | allusion, high confidence | ca. 390 |
| 1 Kgs 11:12 | Homilies on Matthew 26.7 · John Chrysostom | allusion, high confidence | ca. 390 |
1 Kings 11:13
Yet I will not tear the whole kingdom away from him. I will give one tribe to your son for the sake of My servant David and for the sake of Jerusalem, which I have chosen.”
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Kgs 11:13 | Book of Rules 4 · Tyconius | quotation, high confidence | ca. 380 |
| 1 Kgs 11:13 | Apology of the Prophet David 3 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 384-390 |
1 Kings 11:14
Then the LORD raised up against Solomon an adversary, Hadad the Edomite, from the royal line of Edom.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Kgs 11:14 | Against Marcion 3.20 · Tertullian | allusion, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| 1 Kgs 11:14 | Commentary on Romans 10.37 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| 1 Kgs 11:14 | To Quirinus 3.80 · Cyprian of Carthage | quotation, high confidence | ca. 248–250 (book 3 perhaps later) |
| 1 Kgs 11:14 | On the Lord's Prayer 25 · Cyprian of Carthage | quotation, high confidence | ca. 252 |
| 1 Kgs 11:14 | Demonstration of the Gospel 7.3.11 · Eusebius of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 314–324 |
| 1 Kgs 11:14 | On Apostate Kings 3 · Lucifer of Cagliari | quotation, high confidence | ca. 356–361 |
| 1 Kgs 11:14 | Tractates on the Psalms 139.4 · Hilary of Poitiers | quotation, high confidence | ca. 360–367 |
| 1 Kgs 11:14 | Oration 43.54 · Gregory of Nazianzus | allusion, high confidence | ca. 362–383 |
| 1 Kgs 11:14 | Homilies 9.9 · Basil of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 363-378 |
| 1 Kgs 11:14 | Letter 108.18 · Jerome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| 1 Kgs 11:14 | Altercatio, chapter 2, speech 49 · Evagrius of Gaul | quotation, high confidence | ca. 400 |
1 Kings 11:23
And God raised up against Solomon another adversary, Rezon the son of Eliada, who had fled from his master, Hadadezer king of Zobah,
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Kgs 11:23–25 | On Apostate Kings 3 · Lucifer of Cagliari | quotation, high confidence | ca. 356–361 |
1 Kings 11:25
Rezon was Israel’s enemy throughout the days of Solomon, adding to the trouble caused by Hadad. So Rezon ruled over Aram with hostility toward Israel.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Kgs 11:25 | Tractates on the Psalms 139.4 · Hilary of Poitiers | allusion, high confidence | ca. 360–367 |
1 Kings 11:26
Now Jeroboam son of Nebat was an Ephraimite from Zeredah whose mother was a widow named Zeruah. Jeroboam was a servant of Solomon, but he rebelled against the king,
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Kgs 11:26 | Fragment 38 · Julius Africanus | allusion, medium confidence | after 221 |
| 1 Kgs 11:26 | Demonstration of the Gospel 8.1.31 · Eusebius of Caesarea | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 314–324 |
| 1 Kgs 11:26 | Demonstration 14.10 · Aphrahat | allusion, high confidence | 337-345 |
| 1 Kgs 11:26 | On Apostate Kings 3 · Lucifer of Cagliari | quotation, medium confidence | ca. 356–361 |
| 1 Kgs 11:26–39 | City of God 17.21 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | 413–426 |
1 Kings 11:29
During that time, the prophet Ahijah the Shilonite met Jeroboam on the road as he was going out of Jerusalem. Now Ahijah had wrapped himself in a new cloak, and the two of them were alone in the open field.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Kgs 11:29 | Miscellanies 1.21.113 · Clement of Alexandria | allusion, high confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| 1 Kgs 11:29–31 | Against Marcion 4.35 · Tertullian | allusion, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| 1 Kgs 11:29–36 | On the Unity of the Catholic Church 7 · Cyprian of Carthage | quotation, high confidence | 251 |
| 1 Kgs 11:29–38 | On Apostate Kings 4 · Lucifer of Cagliari | quotation, high confidence | ca. 356–361 |
| 1 Kgs 11:29–12:20 | City of God 17.7 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, medium confidence | 413–426 |
1 Kings 11:30
And Ahijah took hold of the new cloak he was wearing, tore it into twelve pieces,
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Kgs 11:30 | On the Trinity 3.10 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | ca. 399–419 |
1 Kings 11:31
and said to Jeroboam, “Take ten pieces for yourself, for this is what the LORD, the God of Israel, says: ‘Behold, I will tear the kingdom out of the hand of Solomon, and I will give you ten tribes.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Kgs 11:31 | Against Heresies 1.18.3 · Irenaeus of Lyons | allusion, high confidence | ca. 180–190 |
| 1 Kgs 11:31 | Panarion (Adversus Haereses), Haer. 1-64 34.16.9 · Epiphanius of Salamis | allusion, medium confidence | 374-377 |
| 1 Kgs 11:31 | On the Trinity 3.10 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | ca. 399–419 |
| 1 Kgs 11:31 | Part 2, chapter 23 · Quodvultdeus of Carthage | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 445-450 |
| 1 Kgs 11:31 | Part 2, chapter 28 · Quodvultdeus of Carthage | allusion, high confidence | ca. 445-450 |
1 Kings 11:33
For they have forsaken Me to worship Ashtoreth the goddess of the Sidonians, Chemosh the god of the Moabites, and Milcom the god of the Ammonites. They have not walked in My ways, nor done what is right in My eyes, nor kept My statutes and judgments, as Solomon’s father David did.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Kgs 11:33 | Oration 40.43 · Gregory of Nazianzus | allusion, high confidence | ca. 362–383 |
1 Kings 11:40
Solomon therefore sought to kill Jeroboam. But Jeroboam arose and fled to Egypt, to Shishak king of Egypt, where he remained until the death of Solomon.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Kgs 11:40 | Homilies on Exodus 11.5 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
1 Kings 11:42
Thus the time that Solomon reigned in Jerusalem over all Israel was forty years.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Kgs 11:42 | To Autolycus 3.25 · Theophilus of Antioch | allusion, high confidence | ca. 180–185 |
| 1 Kgs 11:42 | Miscellanies 1.21.113 · Clement of Alexandria | allusion, high confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| 1 Kgs 11:42 | Preparation for the Gospel 9.34.20 · Eusebius of Caesarea | allusion, high confidence | ca. 313–324 |
| 1 Kgs 11:42 | Preparation for the Gospel 10.14.4 · Eusebius of Caesarea | allusion, high confidence | ca. 313–324 |
| 1 Kgs 11:42 | Demonstration of the Gospel 7.3.7 · Eusebius of Caesarea | allusion, high confidence | ca. 314–324 |
| 1 Kgs 11:42 | Letter 36.10 · Jerome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| 1 Kgs 11:42 | Letter 72.1 · Jerome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| 1 Kgs 11:42 | Book of Rules 5 · Tyconius | allusion, high confidence | ca. 380 |
| 1 Kgs 11:42 | Altercatio, chapter 2, speech 49 · Evagrius of Gaul | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 400 |
| 1 Kgs 11:42 | City of God 17.13 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | 413–426 |
1 Kings 11:43
And Solomon rested with his fathers and was buried in the city of his father David. And his son Rehoboam reigned in his place.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Kgs 11:43 | Oration 43.25 · Gregory of Nazianzus | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 362–383 |