1 Peter 4 in the early church

173 passages quote, allude to, or echo 1 Peter 4, grouped by verse; passages on the same verse are in date order. Verse text from the Berean Standard Bible (public domain). References use the Protestant English Bible's numbering, with a writer's own numbering in brackets where it differs.

Verses: 1 · 2 · 3 · 4 · 5 · 6 · 7 · 8 · 10 · 11 · 12 · 13 · 14 · 15 · 16 · 17 · 18 · 19

1 Peter 4:1

Therefore, since Christ suffered in His body, arm yourselves with the same resolve, because anyone who has suffered in his body is done with sin.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
1 Pet 4:1Against Porphyry, fragment 3 · Methodius of Olympusallusion, medium confidencelate 3rd cent. (disputed)
1 Pet 4:1Oration III Against the Arians 31 · Athanasius of Alexandriaquotation, high confidenceca. 339–346
1 Pet 4:1Oration III Against the Arians 34 · Athanasius of Alexandriaquotation, high confidenceca. 339–346
1 Pet 4:1Oration III Against the Arians 53 · Athanasius of Alexandriaallusion, medium confidenceca. 339–346
1 Pet 4:1Oration III Against the Arians 58 · Athanasius of Alexandriaallusion, medium confidenceca. 339–346
1 Pet 4:1Tome to the Antiochenes 7 · Athanasius of Alexandriaallusion, high confidence362
1 Pet 4:1Letter to Adelphius 6 · Athanasius of Alexandriaquotation, high confidenceca. 370
1 Pet 4:1Letter to Epictetus 2 · Athanasius of Alexandriaallusion, medium confidenceca. 370
1 Pet 4:1Letter 100.11 · Jeromeallusion, high confidenceca. 370–419
1 Pet 4:1Ancoratus 44.3 · Epiphanius of Salamisquotation, high confidence374
1 Pet 4:1Ancoratus 93.6 · Epiphanius of Salamisquotation, high confidence374
1 Pet 4:1Panarion (Adversus Haereses), Haer. 1-64 24.9.4 · Epiphanius of Salamisquotation, high confidence374-377
1 Pet 4:1On the Christian Faith 2.7 · Ambrosequotation, high confidenceca. 378–380
1 Pet 4:1On the Christian Faith 3.11 · Ambrosequotation, high confidenceca. 378–380
1 Pet 4:1Chapter 5 · Nicetas, bishop of Remesianaallusion, high confidenceca. 380–414
1 Pet 4:1Eleven Tractates 6.94 · Priscillianallusion, medium confidenceca. 380–385
1 Pet 4:1Section 24 · Anonymousallusion, medium confidence3 September 381
1 Pet 4:1–3Letter 29.10 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 386–430
1 Pet 4:1Letter 164.10 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 386–430
1 Pet 4:1–3Sermon 353.2 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 391-430
1 Pet 4:1–3Against Jovinianus 1.39 · Jeromequotation, high confidence393
1 Pet 4:1On Faith and Works 15 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 413
1 Pet 4:1Cyril, Twelve Anathemas, Anathema XII · Anonymousallusion, high confidence430–433
1 Pet 4:1Confession of Faith · Acacius of Beroeaallusion, high confidenceca. 431-437
1 Pet 4:1Part 8 · Eutherius of Tyanaallusion, high confidenceca. 431-440
1 Pet 4:1Part 10 · Eutherius of Tyanaallusion, high confidenceca. 431-440

1 Peter 4:2

Consequently, he does not live out his remaining time on earth for human passions, but for the will of God.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
1 Pet 4:2Catechetical Lecture 4.37 · Cyril of Jerusalemecho, medium confidenceca. 350
1 Pet 4:2Liber Orsiesii 19 · Orsiesiusallusion, high confidenceca. 380-390
1 Pet 4:2Letter 164.10 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 386–430
1 Pet 4:2On Faith and Works 15 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 413

1 Peter 4:3

For you have spent enough time in the past carrying out the same desires as the Gentiles: living in debauchery, lust, drunkenness, orgies, carousing, and detestable idolatry.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
1 Pet 4:3On Pascha 50 · text not on this site · Melito of Sardisecho, low confidenceca. 160-180
1 Pet 4:3The Instructor 3.12.85 · Clement of Alexandriaquotation, high confidenceca. 190–200
1 Pet 4:3Letter 164.10 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 386–430

1 Peter 4:4

Because of this, they consider it strange of you not to plunge with them into the same flood of reckless indiscretion, and they heap abuse on you.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
1 Pet 4:4Letter 164.10 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 386–430

1 Peter 4:5

But they will have to give an account to Him who is ready to judge the living and the dead.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
1 Pet 4:52 Clement 1.1 · Anonymousecho, medium confidenceca. 100–150
1 Pet 4:5To the Philippians 2.1 · Polycarp of Smyrnaecho, low confidenceca. 110–135
1 Pet 4:5–6Adumbrations on 1 Peter, paragraph 5 · Clement of Alexandriaquotation, high confidenceoriginal ca. 200; Latin translation 6th century
1 Pet 4:5Against Noetus 1 · Hippolytus of Romeecho, low confidenceca. 200–230
1 Pet 4:5Letter 164.10 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 386–430
1 Pet 4:5Letter 164.21 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 386–430

1 Peter 4:6

That is why the gospel was preached even to those who are now dead, so that they might be judged as men in the flesh, but live according to God in the spirit.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
1 Pet 4:6Shepherd of Hermas, Similitude 9.16.5 (93.5) · Hermasallusion, medium confidenceca. 100–150
1 Pet 4:6Gospel of Peter (Akhmim fragment) 40 · Anonymousallusion, medium confidenceca. 100–200
1 Pet 4:6Epistle of the Apostles 27 · Anonymousallusion, medium confidenceca. 140-170
1 Pet 4:6Dialogue with Trypho 72.4 · Justin Martyrecho, medium confidenceca. 155–160
1 Pet 4:6Adumbrations on 1 Peter, paragraph 6 · Clement of Alexandriaquotation, high confidenceoriginal ca. 200; Latin translation 6th century
1 Pet 4:6Miscellanies 6.6.44 · Clement of Alexandriaallusion, medium confidenceca. 198–203
1 Pet 4:6On Christ and Antichrist 26 · Hippolytus of Romeallusion, medium confidenceca. 200–215
1 Pet 4:6To Quirinus 2.27 · Cyprian of Carthagequotation, high confidenceca. 248–250 (book 3 perhaps later)
1 Pet 4:6Commentary on Romans 10:6–7 · Ambrosiasterallusion, high confidenceca. 366–384
1 Pet 4:6Letter 164.10 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 386–430
1 Pet 4:6Letter 164.11 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 386–430
1 Pet 4:6Letter 164.21 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 386–430
1 Pet 4:6Part 3, chapter 28 · Quodvultdeus of Carthagequotation, high confidenceca. 445-450

1 Peter 4:7

The end of all things is near. Therefore be clear-minded and sober, so that you can pray.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
1 Pet 4:7To the Philippians 7.2 · Polycarp of Smyrnaallusion, high confidenceca. 110–135
1 Pet 4:7Letter 1 (= Leo, Ep. 22), chapter 1 · Flavian of Constantinopleallusion, medium confidence448-449

1 Peter 4:8

Above all, love one another deeply, because love covers over a multitude of sins.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
1 Pet 4:81 Clement 49.5 · Clement of Romequotation, high confidenceca. 95–97 (range ca. 70–100)
1 Pet 4:82 Clement 16.4 · Anonymousquotation, high confidenceca. 100–150
1 Pet 4:8The Instructor 3.12.91 · Clement of Alexandriaquotation, high confidenceca. 190–200
1 Pet 4:8Who Is the Rich Man That Is Saved? 38.2 · Clement of Alexandriaquotation, high confidenceca. 190–210
1 Pet 4:8Miscellanies 1.27.173 · Clement of Alexandriaquotation, high confidenceca. 198–203
1 Pet 4:8Miscellanies 2.15.65 · Clement of Alexandriaquotation, high confidenceca. 198–203
1 Pet 4:8Miscellanies 4.18.111 · Clement of Alexandriaquotation, high confidenceca. 198–203
1 Pet 4:8Antidote for the Scorpion's Sting 6 · Tertullianquotation, high confidenceca. 211–213
1 Pet 4:8Homilies on Leviticus 2.4 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
1 Pet 4:8Demonstration 14.14 · Aphrahatallusion, high confidence337-345
1 Pet 4:8Commentary on Matthew 4 · Hilary of Poitiersallusion, high confidenceca. 353–355
1 Pet 4:8Tractates on the Psalms 118.14.9 · Hilary of Poitiersecho, low confidenceca. 360–367
1 Pet 4:8Against Parmenian the Donatist 7.3 · Optatus of Milevisquotation, high confidenceca. 366–385
1 Pet 4:8Letter 149.4 · Jeromequotation, high confidenceca. 370–419
1 Pet 4:8Apology of the Prophet David 24 · Ambroseallusion, high confidenceca. 384-390
1 Pet 4:8Apology of the Prophet David 40 · Ambroseallusion, medium confidenceca. 384-390
1 Pet 4:8Apology of the Prophet David 49 · Ambroseallusion, high confidenceca. 384-390
1 Pet 4:8Exposition of Psalm 118 16.44.1 · Ambrosequotation, high confidenceca. 386-397
1 Pet 4:8Exposition of Psalm 118 16.44.3 · Ambrosequotation, high confidenceca. 386-397
1 Pet 4:8Letter 88.9 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 386–430
1 Pet 4:8Letter 93.40 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 386–430
1 Pet 4:8Letter 108.5 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 386–430
1 Pet 4:8Letter 108.9 · Augustine of Hippoallusion, high confidenceca. 386–430
1 Pet 4:8Letter 108.15 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 386–430
1 Pet 4:8Letter 141.13 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 386–430
1 Pet 4:8Letter 153.7 · Augustine of Hippoallusion, high confidenceca. 386–430
1 Pet 4:8Letter 185.43 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 386–430
1 Pet 4:8Letter 185.44 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 386–430
1 Pet 4:8On Fleeing the World 11 · Ambrosequotation, high confidenceca. 387-391
1 Pet 4:8Sermon 71.18 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 391-430
1 Pet 4:8Sermon 360.1 · Augustine of Hippoallusion, high confidenceca. 391-430
1 Pet 4:8Sermon 387.3 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 391-430
1 Pet 4:8Letters 23.37 · Paulinus of Nolaallusion, high confidenceca. 394–413
1 Pet 4:8Letters 26.5 · Paulinus of Nolaecho, medium confidenceca. 394–413
1 Pet 4:8On Baptism, against the Donatists 1.27 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 400–401
1 Pet 4:8On Baptism, against the Donatists 2.18 · Augustine of Hippoallusion, high confidenceca. 400–401
1 Pet 4:8On Baptism, against the Donatists 2.19 · Augustine of Hippoallusion, high confidenceca. 400–401
1 Pet 4:8On Baptism, against the Donatists 3.21 · Augustine of Hippoallusion, high confidenceca. 400–401
1 Pet 4:8On Baptism, against the Donatists 5.2 · Augustine of Hippoallusion, high confidenceca. 400–401
1 Pet 4:8On Baptism, against the Donatists 6.45 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 400–401
1 Pet 4:8Homilies on the First Epistle of John 1.6 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 407
1 Pet 4:8Homilies on the First Epistle of John 5.3 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 407
1 Pet 4:8Sermon 53 · Peter Chrysologusallusion, high confidenceca. 425-450
1 Pet 4:8Sermon 94 · Peter Chrysologusquotation, high confidenceca. 425-450
1 Pet 4:8On Grace and Free Will 17 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 426
1 Pet 4:8The Conferences 11.6 · John Cassianquotation, high confidenceca. 426–429
1 Pet 4:8The Conferences 20.8 · John Cassianquotation, high confidenceca. 426–429
1 Pet 4:8On Rebuke and Grace 16 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 427

1 Peter 4:10

As good stewards of the manifold grace of God, each of you should use whatever gift he has received to serve one another.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
1 Pet 4:101 Clement 38.1 · Clement of Romeecho, medium confidenceca. 95–97 (range ca. 70–100)
1 Pet 4:10Adumbrations on 1 Peter, paragraph 6 · Clement of Alexandriaquotation, high confidenceoriginal ca. 200; Latin translation 6th century
1 Pet 4:10Letters to Virgins 1.11.10 · Anonymousallusion, medium confidence3rd century
1 Pet 4:10Commentary on Romans 8.7 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406)
1 Pet 4:10Oration 14.24 · Gregory of Nazianzusecho, medium confidenceca. 362–383
1 Pet 4:10Letter 49.4 · Jeromeallusion, high confidenceca. 370–419
1 Pet 4:10Apostolic Constitutions 2.24.7 · Anonymousallusion, medium confidenceca. 380
1 Pet 4:10Apostolic Constitutions 3.4.2 · Anonymousquotation, medium confidenceca. 380
1 Pet 4:10Eleven Tractates 4.76 · Priscillianquotation, high confidenceca. 380–385
1 Pet 4:10Letter 194.47 · Augustine of Hippoallusion, medium confidenceca. 386–430
1 Pet 4:10Against Jovinianus 1.8 · Jeromequotation, high confidence393

1 Peter 4:11

If anyone speaks, he should speak as one conveying the words of God. If anyone serves, he should serve with the strength God provides, so that in all things God may be glorified through Jesus Christ, to whom be the glory and the power forever and ever. Amen.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
1 Pet 4:11Letters to Virgins 2.6.1 · Anonymousallusion, medium confidence3rd century
1 Pet 4:11Homily on 1 Samuel 1.19 · Origenecho, medium confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
1 Pet 4:11Tractates on the Psalms 13.1 · Hilary of Poitiersquotation, high confidenceca. 360–367

1 Peter 4:12

Beloved, do not be surprised at the fiery trial that has come upon you, as though something strange were happening to you.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
1 Pet 4:12Didache 16.5 · Anonymousecho, medium confidenceca. 50–150 (often ca. 100)
1 Pet 4:12Acts of Andrew (Vatican fragments), chapter 17 · Anonymousecho, medium confidenceca. 150-200 (the Acts); the Martyrdom text is later
1 Pet 4:12Who Is the Rich Man That Is Saved? 25.6 · Clement of Alexandriaecho, medium confidenceca. 190–210
1 Pet 4:12Miscellanies 4.7.47 · Clement of Alexandriaquotation, high confidenceca. 198–203
1 Pet 4:12Antidote for the Scorpion's Sting 12 · Tertullianquotation, high confidenceca. 211–213
1 Pet 4:12–14Letter 58.2 · Cyprian of Carthagequotation, high confidence249/250–258
1 Pet 4:12–14To Fortunatus 9 · Cyprian of Carthagequotation, high confidence253 or 257
1 Pet 4:12Apostolic Constitutions 5.6.3 · Anonymousecho, low confidenceca. 380

1 Peter 4:13

But rejoice that you share in the sufferings of Christ, so that you may be overjoyed at the revelation of His glory.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
1 Pet 4:13To Diognetus 5.16 · Anonymousecho, low confidenceca. 150–200 (disputed)
1 Pet 4:13–14Adumbrations on 1 Peter, paragraph 6 · Clement of Alexandriaquotation, high confidenceoriginal ca. 200; Latin translation 6th century
1 Pet 4:13Miscellanies 4.7.47 · Clement of Alexandriaquotation, high confidenceca. 198–203
1 Pet 4:13The Passion of Perpetua and Felicity 7 · Anonymousecho, medium confidence203
1 Pet 4:13Passion of Irenaeus of Sirmium 2 · Anonymousecho, low confidence304 (6 April)
1 Pet 4:13Apostolic Constitutions 8.12.4 · Anonymousecho, low confidenceca. 380
1 Pet 4:13Questions and Answers to the Orthodox 136–138 · Anonymousallusion, medium confidence5th century (disputed)

1 Peter 4:14

If you are insulted for the name of Christ, you are blessed, because the Spirit of glory and of God rests on you.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
1 Pet 4:14Against Heresies 4.33.9 · Irenaeus of Lyonsallusion, medium confidenceca. 180–190
1 Pet 4:14Miscellanies 4.7.47 · Clement of Alexandriaquotation, high confidenceca. 198–203
1 Pet 4:14Exposition of Psalm 118 3.41.3 · Ambroseallusion, medium confidenceca. 386-397

1 Peter 4:15

Indeed, none of you should suffer as a murderer or thief or wrongdoer, or even as a meddler.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
1 Pet 4:15–16To Quirinus 3.37 · Cyprian of Carthagequotation, high confidenceca. 248–250 (book 3 perhaps later)
1 Pet 4:15Divine Institutes 5.23.5 · Lactantiusecho, low confidenceca. 303–311
1 Pet 4:15Oration 7.7 · Gregory of Nazianzusallusion, medium confidenceca. 362–383
1 Pet 4:15–16Part 3, chapter 22 · Quodvultdeus of Carthagequotation, high confidenceca. 445-450

1 Peter 4:16

But if you suffer as a Christian, do not be ashamed, but glorify God that you bear that name.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
1 Pet 4:16Shepherd of Hermas, Similitude 9.28.5 (105.5) · Hermasecho, medium confidenceca. 100–150
1 Pet 4:16To the Philippians 8.2 · Polycarp of Smyrnaallusion, medium confidenceca. 110–135
1 Pet 4:16To Autolycus 1.1 · Theophilus of Antiochecho, low confidenceca. 180–185
1 Pet 4:16Oration 7.7 · Gregory of Nazianzusallusion, medium confidenceca. 362–383
1 Pet 4:16Question 102, section 28 · Ambrosiasterecho, low confidenceca. 370–384
1 Pet 4:16On the Blessings of the Patriarchs 43 · Ambroseallusion, medium confidenceca. 387-392
1 Pet 4:16Explanation of Twelve Psalms 43.70.1 · Ambroseallusion, medium confidenceca. 387-397

1 Peter 4:17

For it is time for judgment to begin with the family of God; and if it begins with us, what will the outcome be for those who disobey the gospel of God?

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
1 Pet 4:17Adumbrations on 1 Peter, paragraph 6 · Clement of Alexandriaquotation, high confidenceoriginal ca. 200; Latin translation 6th century
1 Pet 4:17Commentary on Matthew 14.10 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 246–248
1 Pet 4:17Commentary on Romans 2.2 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406)
1 Pet 4:17Oration 19.9 · Gregory of Nazianzusallusion, high confidenceca. 362–383
1 Pet 4:17Exposition of Psalm 118 20.22.3 · Ambrosequotation, high confidenceca. 386-397
1 Pet 4:17Letter 164.21 · Augustine of Hippoallusion, high confidenceca. 386–430
1 Pet 4:17Against Faustus the Manichaean 22.14 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 398–400
1 Pet 4:17Against Faustus the Manichaean 22.20 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 398–400
1 Pet 4:17The Harmony of the Gospels 2.8 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 399–400
1 Pet 4:17To the Church 4.28 · Salvian of Marseillesquotation, high confidenceca. 435-440

1 Peter 4:18

And, “If it is hard for the righteous to be saved, what will become of the ungodly and the sinner?”

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
1 Pet 4:18On the Singleness of Clerics 18 · Anonymousquotation, medium confidence3rd cent. (disputed)
1 Pet 4:18Martyrdom of Pionius and Companions 4 · Anonymousquotation, high confidence250 (the text may be later)
1 Pet 4:18Demonstration 7.16 · Aphrahatquotation, high confidence337-345
1 Pet 4:18Book of Heresies 125.4 · Philastrius of Bresciaquotation, high confidenceca. 380s
1 Pet 4:18Book of Heresies 128.8 · Philastrius of Bresciaquotation, high confidenceca. 380s
1 Pet 4:18Second Apology of David 16 · Ambrosequotation, high confidenceca. 384-397
1 Pet 4:18Explanation of Twelve Psalms 43.73.2 · Ambrosequotation, high confidenceca. 387-397
1 Pet 4:18Letters 14.3 · Paulinus of Nolaallusion, high confidenceca. 394–413
1 Pet 4:18Against Faustus the Manichaean 22.14 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 398–400
1 Pet 4:18Against Faustus the Manichaean 22.20 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 398–400
1 Pet 4:18The Harmony of the Gospels 2.8 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 399–400
1 Pet 4:18Questions and Answers to the Orthodox 78–79 · Anonymousquotation, high confidence5th century (disputed)
1 Pet 4:18On the Christian Life 13 · Fastidiusquotation, high confidenceca. 411-430

1 Peter 4:19

So then, those who suffer according to God’s will should entrust their souls to their faithful Creator and continue to do good.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
1 Pet 4:19Oration II Against the Arians 9 · Athanasius of Alexandriaquotation, high confidenceca. 339–346
1 Pet 4:19On the Trinity 12.4 · Hilary of Poitiersquotation, high confidenceca. 356–360
1 Pet 4:19Sermon 344.7 · Augustine of Hippoallusion, medium confidenceca. 391-430
1 Pet 4:19Literal Commentary on Genesis 3.17 · Augustine of Hippoecho, medium confidenceca. 401–415