Isaiah 45 in the early church

[Vulgate: Isaias]

262 passages quote, allude to, or echo Isaiah 45, grouped by verse; passages on the same verse are in date order. Verse text from the Berean Standard Bible (public domain). References use the Protestant English Bible's numbering, with a writer's own numbering in brackets where it differs.

Verses: 1 · 2 · 3 · 4 · 5 · 6 · 7 · 8 · 9 · 11 · 12 · 13 · 14 · 15 · 16 · 18 · 19 · 20 · 21 · 22 · 23

Isaiah 45:1

This is what the LORD says to Cyrus His anointed, whose right hand I have grasped to subdue nations before him, to disarm kings, to open the doors before him, so that the gates will not be shut:

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Isa 45:1Epistle of Barnabas 12.11 · Anonymousquotation, high confidenceca. 70–135 (often ca. 130)
Isa 45:1–2Against the Jews 7 · Tertullianquotation, high confidenceca. 197–207
Isa 45:1Against Praxeas 11 · Tertullianquotation, high confidenceca. 213 or later
Isa 45:1Against Praxeas 28 · Tertullianquotation, high confidenceca. 213 or later
Isa 45:1Fragments on Genesis, column 57 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 220-254
Isa 45:1Lines 381–404 · Commodianquotation, high confidence3rd century (disputed)
Isa 45:1On the Trinity 26 · Novatianquotation, high confidenceca. 240–250
Isa 45:1–2To Quirinus 1.21 · Cyprian of Carthagequotation, high confidenceca. 248–250 (book 3 perhaps later)
Isa 45:1Divine Institutes 4.12.18 · Lactantiusquotation, high confidenceca. 303–311
Isa 45:1Preparation for the Gospel 6.11.22 · Eusebius of Caesareaquotation, high confidenceca. 313–324
Isa 45:1Book of Rules 1 · Tyconiusquotation, high confidenceca. 380
Isa 45:1Altercatio, chapter 2, speech 22 · Evagrius of Gaulquotation, high confidenceca. 400
Isa 45:1Commentary on Daniel 7, scholion 14 · Polychronius of Apameaecho, medium confidenceca. 400-430
Isa 45:1–3Against Five Heresies 7 · Quodvultdeus of Carthagequotation, high confidenceca. 437-450

Isaiah 45:2

“I will go before you and level the mountains; I will break down the gates of bronze and cut through the bars of iron.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Isa 45:2Epistle of Barnabas 11.4 · Anonymousquotation, high confidenceca. 70–135 (often ca. 130)
Isa 45:2On the Resurrection of the Flesh 44 · Tertullianallusion, medium confidenceca. 208–212
Isa 45:2–3On First Principles 4.3.11 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 220–230 (Rufinus's translation 398)
Isa 45:2Fragments on Genesis, column 57 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 220-254
Isa 45:2Divine Institutes 4.12.18 · Lactantiusquotation, high confidenceca. 303–311
Isa 45:2Preparation for the Gospel 6.11.22 · Eusebius of Caesareaquotation, high confidenceca. 313–324
Isa 45:2Demonstration of the Gospel 10.8.64 · Eusebius of Caesareaallusion, medium confidenceca. 314–324
Isa 45:2Tractates on the Psalms 138.26 · Hilary of Poitiersallusion, medium confidenceca. 360–367
Isa 45:2Second Apology of David 67 · Ambroseallusion, medium confidenceca. 384-397
Isa 45:2Altercatio, chapter 2, speech 22 · Evagrius of Gaulquotation, high confidenceca. 400
Isa 45:2Hexameron (Exameron) 3.15 · Ambrosequotation, high confidenceca. 387-390
Isa 45:2The Institutes 5.2 · John Cassianquotation, high confidenceca. 419–426

Isaiah 45:3

I will give you the treasures of darkness and the riches hidden in secret places, so that you may know that I am the LORD, the God of Israel, who calls you by name.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Isa 45:3Epistle of Barnabas 11.4 · Anonymousquotation, high confidenceca. 70–135 (often ca. 130)
Isa 45:3The Instructor 3.12.87 · Clement of Alexandriaquotation, high confidenceca. 190–200
Isa 45:3Miscellanies 5.4.23 · Clement of Alexandriaquotation, high confidenceca. 198–203
Isa 45:3Miscellanies 5.10.64 · Clement of Alexandriaquotation, high confidenceca. 198–203
Isa 45:3Against Marcion 4.25 · Tertullianquotation, high confidence207/208 (third edition, completed later)
Isa 45:3Against Marcion 5.6 · Tertullianallusion, high confidence207/208 (third edition, completed later)
Isa 45:3Against Marcion 5.14 · Tertullianquotation, high confidence207/208 (third edition, completed later)
Isa 45:3Fragments on Genesis, column 57 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 220-254
Isa 45:3Fragments on Genesis, column 59 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 220-254
Isa 45:3Commentary on John 2.173 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 230–248
Isa 45:3Commentary on the Song of Songs 1.109 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 240–245 (Rufinus's translation ca. 410)
Isa 45:3Sang. 5 · Methodius of Olympusallusion, medium confidencelate 3rd cent. (disputed)
Isa 45:3Divine Institutes 4.12.18 · Lactantiusquotation, high confidenceca. 303–311
Isa 45:3Preparation for the Gospel 6.11.22 · Eusebius of Caesareaquotation, high confidenceca. 313–324
Isa 45:3Homilies on the Psalms 32.5 · Basil of Caesareaquotation, high confidenceca. 360-378
Isa 45:3Oration 2.40 · Gregory of Nazianzusallusion, high confidenceca. 362–383
Isa 45:3Book of Rules 1 · Tyconiusquotation, high confidenceca. 380
Isa 45:3Book of Rules 2 · Tyconiusquotation, high confidenceca. 380
Isa 45:3Altercatio, chapter 2, speech 22 · Evagrius of Gaulquotation, high confidenceca. 400

Isaiah 45:4

For the sake of Jacob My servant and Israel My chosen one, I call you by name; I have given you a title of honor, though you have not known Me.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Isa 45:4Fragments on Genesis, column 59 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 220-254
Isa 45:4Preparation for the Gospel 6.11.22 · Eusebius of Caesareaquotation, high confidenceca. 313–324
Isa 45:4Preparation for the Gospel 6.11.23 · Eusebius of Caesareaallusion, high confidenceca. 313–324
Isa 45:4Book of Rules 1 · Tyconiusquotation, high confidenceca. 380
Isa 45:4Book of Rules 2 · Tyconiusquotation, high confidenceca. 380

Isaiah 45:5

I am the LORD, and there is no other; there is no God but Me. I will equip you for battle, though you have not known Me,

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Isa 45:5Sibylline Oracles 8.371ff. · Anonymousallusion, high confidence2nd-3rd cent.
Isa 45:5Against Heresies 1.5.4 · Irenaeus of Lyonsquotation, high confidenceca. 180–190
Isa 45:5Against Heresies 1.16.3 · Irenaeus of Lyonsallusion, medium confidenceca. 180–190
Isa 45:5Against Heresies 1.22.1 · Irenaeus of Lyonsallusion, medium confidenceca. 180–190
Isa 45:5Against Heresies 1.29.4 · Irenaeus of Lyonsallusion, high confidenceca. 180–190
Isa 45:5Against Heresies 1.30.6 · Irenaeus of Lyonsallusion, medium confidenceca. 180–190
Isa 45:5Against Heresies 2.9.2 · Irenaeus of Lyonsquotation, high confidenceca. 180–190
Isa 45:5Prophetic Extracts 38.1 · Clement of Alexandriaquotation, high confidenceca. 200
Isa 45:5–6Against Hermogenes 6 · Tertullianallusion, high confidenceca. 200–206
Isa 45:5On the Flesh of Christ 24 · Tertullianquotation, high confidenceca. 206–211
Isa 45:5Against the Valentinians 21 · Tertullianquotation, high confidenceca. 206–208
Isa 45:5Against Marcion 1.11 · Tertullianallusion, medium confidence207/208 (third edition, completed later)
Isa 45:5Against Praxeas 18 · Tertullianquotation, high confidenceca. 213 or later
Isa 45:5Against Praxeas 20 · Tertullianquotation, high confidenceca. 213 or later
Isa 45:5On First Principles 2.4.1 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 220–230 (Rufinus's translation 398)
Isa 45:5Refutation of All Heresies 6.33.1 · Hippolytus of Romequotation, high confidenceca. 222–235
Isa 45:5Divine Institutes 1.6.16 · Lactantiusecho, low confidenceca. 303–311
Isa 45:5Preparation for the Gospel 7.11.6 · Eusebius of Caesareaquotation, medium confidenceca. 313–324
Isa 45:5Oration III Against the Arians 6 · Athanasius of Alexandriaquotation, high confidenceca. 339–346
Isa 45:5Oration III Against the Arians 8 · Athanasius of Alexandriaquotation, high confidenceca. 339–346
Isa 45:5Historical Fragments 2.2.9.6 · Hilary of Poitiersquotation, high confidenceca. 343–367
Isa 45:5Against the Arians 15 · Phoebadius of Agenallusion, medium confidenceca. 357-358
Isa 45:5On the Synods 57 · Hilary of Poitiersallusion, medium confidenceca. 358–359
Isa 45:5On the Councils of Ariminum and Seleucia 49 · Athanasius of Alexandriaquotation, medium confidence359 (additions 361)
Isa 45:5Question 114, section 4 · Ambrosiasterquotation, high confidenceca. 370–384
Isa 45:5Book of Rules 2 · Tyconiusquotation, high confidenceca. 380
Isa 45:5Panarion (Adversus Haereses), Haer. 1-64 25.2.3 · Epiphanius of Salamisallusion, high confidence374-377
Isa 45:5Panarion (Adversus Haereses), Haer. 1-64 31.19.3 · Epiphanius of Salamisquotation, high confidence374-377
Isa 45:5Homilies on Matthew 17.1 · John Chrysostomquotation, medium confidenceca. 390
Isa 45:5Against Five Heresies 7 · Quodvultdeus of Carthagequotation, high confidenceca. 437-450

Isaiah 45:6

so that all may know, from where the sun rises to where it sets, that there is none but Me; I am the LORD, and there is no other.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Isa 45:6The Conferences 6.5 · John Cassianquotation, high confidenceca. 426–429

Isaiah 45:7

I form the light and create the darkness; I bring prosperity and create calamity. I, the LORD, do all these things.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Isa 45:7Against Heresies 4.40.1 · Irenaeus of Lyonsquotation, high confidenceca. 180–190
Isa 45:7Against Heresies 4.40.2 · Irenaeus of Lyonsquotation, high confidenceca. 180–190
Isa 45:7Against Hermogenes 32 · Tertullianquotation, high confidenceca. 200–206
Isa 45:7Against Marcion 1.2 · Tertullianquotation, high confidence207/208 (third edition, completed later)
Isa 45:7Against Marcion 1.16 · Tertullianallusion, high confidence207/208 (third edition, completed later)
Isa 45:7Against Marcion 2.14 · Tertullianquotation, high confidence207/208 (third edition, completed later)
Isa 45:7Against Marcion 2.24 · Tertullianquotation, high confidence207/208 (third edition, completed later)
Isa 45:7Against Marcion 3.24 · Tertullianallusion, high confidence207/208 (third edition, completed later)
Isa 45:7Against Marcion 4.1 · Tertullianallusion, high confidence207/208 (third edition, completed later)
Isa 45:7On Flight in Persecution 3 · Tertullianquotation, high confidenceca. 208–213
Isa 45:7On Modesty 2 · Tertullianallusion, high confidenceca. 210–220
Isa 45:7On First Principles 4.2.1 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 220–230 (Rufinus's translation 398)
Isa 45:7Homily on Isaiah 4 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 235–250
Isa 45:7On the Trinity 3 · Novatianquotation, high confidenceca. 240–250
Isa 45:7Against Celsus 6.55 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 248
Isa 45:7Against Celsus 6.56 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 248
Isa 45:7Homilies 2.43 · Anonymousallusion, medium confidence4th century (reworking earlier material)
Isa 45:7Homilies 2.44 · Anonymousallusion, low confidence4th century (reworking earlier material)
Isa 45:7Catechetical Lecture 6.24 · Cyril of Jerusalemquotation, high confidenceca. 350
Isa 45:7Catechetical Lecture 9.7 · Cyril of Jerusalemquotation, high confidenceca. 350
Isa 45:7On the Words of Scripture 2 · Marius Victorinusallusion, high confidenceca. 357–362
Isa 45:7Homilies 9.1 · Basil of Caesareaquotation, high confidenceca. 363-378
Isa 45:7Question 106, section 2 · Ambrosiasterquotation, high confidenceca. 370–384
Isa 45:7Question 107, section 1 · Ambrosiasterquotation, high confidenceca. 370–384
Isa 45:7Question 107, section 7 · Ambrosiasterallusion, medium confidenceca. 370–384
Isa 45:7Book of Heresies 79.2 · Philastrius of Bresciaquotation, high confidenceca. 380s
Isa 45:7Exposition of Psalm 118 16.18.2 · Ambrosequotation, high confidenceca. 386-397
Isa 45:7Homilies on Matthew 22.3 · John Chrysostomquotation, high confidenceca. 390
Isa 45:7On the Catholic Way of Life and the Manichaean Way of Life 2.7 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 387–389
Isa 45:7Against Adimantus, a Disciple of Mani 27 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 394
Isa 45:7Against the Epistle of Manichaeus Called Fundamental 39 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 396–397
Isa 45:7Commentary on Jeremiah 4.3 · Jeromequotation, high confidenceca. 414-419
Isa 45:7The Conferences 6.5 · John Cassianquotation, high confidenceca. 426–429

Isaiah 45:8

Drip down, O heavens, from above, and let the skies pour down righteousness. Let the earth open up that salvation may sprout and righteousness spring up with it; I, the LORD, have created it.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Isa 45:8Divine Institutes 4.12.9 · Lactantiusquotation, high confidenceca. 303–311
Isa 45:8Oration 4.12 · Gregory of Nazianzusquotation, high confidenceca. 362–383
Isa 45:8On Fleeing the World 58 · Ambroseallusion, medium confidenceca. 387-391
Isa 45:8City of God 20.17 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, medium confidence413–426
Isa 45:8Against Five Heresies 5 · Quodvultdeus of Carthagequotation, high confidenceca. 437-450

Isaiah 45:9

Woe to him who quarrels with his Maker—one clay pot among many. Does the clay ask the potter, ‘What are you making?’ Does your work say, ‘He has no hands’?

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Isa 45:9Against Marcion 2.2 · Tertullianallusion, medium confidence207/208 (third edition, completed later)
Isa 45:9On the Resurrection of the Flesh 7 · Tertullianquotation, medium confidenceca. 208–212
Isa 45:9Commentary on Romans 9:20 · Ambrosiasterquotation, high confidenceca. 366–384

Isaiah 45:11

Thus says the LORD, the Holy One of Israel, and its Maker: “Concerning things to come, do you question Me about My sons, or instruct Me in the work of My hands?

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Isa 45:11Against Noetus 4 · Hippolytus of Romequotation, high confidenceca. 200–230
Isa 45:11–16On the Trinity 4.38 · Hilary of Poitiersquotation, high confidenceca. 356–360
Isa 45:11On the Trinity 12.39 · Hilary of Poitiersquotation, medium confidenceca. 356–360
Isa 45:11Tractates on the Psalms 67.29 · Hilary of Poitiersallusion, low confidenceca. 360–367
Isa 45:11Panarion (Adversus Haereses), Haer. 1-64 57.7.1 · Epiphanius of Salamisquotation, high confidence374-377
Isa 45:11On the Christian Faith 1.15 · Ambrosequotation, medium confidenceca. 378–380
Isa 45:11On the Christian Faith 5.16 · Ambrosequotation, medium confidenceca. 378–380
Isa 45:11Letters 3.1 · Paulinus of Nolaallusion, low confidenceca. 394–413
Isa 45:11Tractates on the Gospel of John 68.1 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 406–420
Isa 45:11Tractates on the Gospel of John 96.1 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 406–420
Isa 45:11Tractates on the Gospel of John 105.4 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 406–420
Isa 45:11Tractates on the Gospel of John 105.7 · Augustine of Hippoallusion, medium confidenceca. 406–420
Isa 45:11On Rebuke and Grace 9 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 427
Isa 45:11On Rebuke and Grace 14 · Augustine of Hippoallusion, high confidenceca. 427
Isa 45:11On the Predestination of the Saints 10 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 428/429

Isaiah 45:12

It is I who made the earth and created man upon it. It was My hands that stretched out the heavens, and I ordained all their host.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Isa 45:12To Autolycus 2.35 · Theophilus of Antiochquotation, high confidenceca. 180–185
Isa 45:12Miscellanies 5.14.126 · Clement of Alexandriaecho, low confidenceca. 198–203
Isa 45:12Against Noetus 4 · Hippolytus of Romequotation, high confidenceca. 200–230
Isa 45:12On First Principles 1.7.3 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 220–230 (Rufinus's translation 398)
Isa 45:12Homilies on Numbers 15.3 · Origenquotation, medium confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
Isa 45:12Against Celsus 6.61 · Origenquotation, medium confidenceca. 248
Isa 45:12Prophetic Extracts 4.22 · Eusebius of Caesareaquotation, high confidencebefore 325 (probably ca. 310–320)
Isa 45:12–13Demonstration of the Gospel 5.4.1 · Eusebius of Caesareaquotation, high confidenceca. 314–324
Isa 45:12On Ecclesiastical Theology 2.21.10 · Eusebius of Caesareaquotation, high confidenceca. 337–339
Isa 45:12Tractates on the Psalms 118.10.5 · Hilary of Poitiersallusion, low confidenceca. 360–367
Isa 45:12Tractates on the Psalms 125.6 · Hilary of Poitiersallusion, low confidenceca. 360–367
Isa 45:12Letter 96.19 · Jeromequotation, high confidenceca. 370–419
Isa 45:12Panarion (Adversus Haereses), Haer. 1-64 57.7.2 · Epiphanius of Salamisquotation, high confidence374-377
Isa 45:12Liber Orsiesii 36 · Orsiesiusquotation, medium confidenceca. 380-390
Isa 45:12Eleven Tractates 6.106 · Priscillianallusion, medium confidenceca. 380–385

Isaiah 45:13

I will raise up Cyrus in righteousness, and I will make all his ways straight. He will rebuild My city and set My exiles free, but not for payment or reward, says the LORD of Hosts.”

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Isa 45:13Against Noetus 4 · Hippolytus of Romequotation, high confidenceca. 200–230
Isa 45:13Commentary on Romans 8.8 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406)
Isa 45:13Prophetic Extracts 4.22 · Eusebius of Caesareaquotation, high confidencebefore 325 (probably ca. 310–320)
Isa 45:13Demonstration 19.13 · Aphrahatquotation, high confidence337-345
Isa 45:13Homilies on the Psalms 48.4 · Basil of Caesareaquotation, high confidenceca. 360-378
Isa 45:13Panarion (Adversus Haereses), Haer. 1-64 57.7.2 · Epiphanius of Salamisquotation, high confidence374-377
Isa 45:13Panarion (Adversus Haereses), Haer. 1-64 57.7.5 · Epiphanius of Salamisquotation, high confidence374-377
Isa 45:13Panarion (Adversus Haereses), Haer. 1-64 57.7.7 · Epiphanius of Salamisquotation, high confidence374-377
Isa 45:13Explanation of Twelve Psalms 47.17.2 · Ambrosequotation, high confidenceca. 387-397

Isaiah 45:14

This is what the LORD says: “The products of Egypt and the merchandise of Cush, along with the Sabeans, men of stature, will come over to you and will be yours; they will trudge behind you; they will come over in chains and bow down to you. They will confess to you: ‘God is indeed with you, and there is no other; there is no other God.’”

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Isa 45:14Against Noetus 2 · Hippolytus of Romequotation, high confidenceca. 200–230
Isa 45:14Against Noetus 4 · Hippolytus of Romequotation, high confidenceca. 200–230
Isa 45:14Against Praxeas 13 · Tertullianquotation, high confidenceca. 213 or later
Isa 45:14Lines 357–380 · Commodianquotation, high confidence3rd century (disputed)
Isa 45:14–16To Quirinus 2.6 · Cyprian of Carthagequotation, high confidenceca. 248–250 (book 3 perhaps later)
Isa 45:14–15Letter of the six bishops to Paul 2 · Anonymousquotation, high confidenceca. 264–269
Isa 45:14Prophetic Extracts 4.22 · Eusebius of Caesareaquotation, high confidencebefore 325 (probably ca. 310–320)
Isa 45:14Divine Institutes 4.13.7 · Lactantiusquotation, high confidenceca. 303–311
Isa 45:14Divine Institutes 4.29.10 · Lactantiusquotation, high confidenceca. 303–311
Isa 45:14Epitome of the Divine Institutes 39.4 · Lactantiusquotation, high confidenceca. 314–320
Isa 45:14–16Demonstration of the Gospel 5.4.3 · Eusebius of Caesareaquotation, high confidenceca. 314–324
Isa 45:14–15Demonstration of the Gospel 5.4.4 · Eusebius of Caesareaquotation, high confidenceca. 314–324
Isa 45:14–15Demonstration of the Gospel 5.4.7 · Eusebius of Caesareaquotation, high confidenceca. 314–324
Isa 45:14–15Demonstration of the Gospel 5.4.9 · Eusebius of Caesareaallusion, high confidenceca. 314–324
Isa 45:14–15Demonstration of the Gospel 5.4.15 · Eusebius of Caesareaallusion, high confidenceca. 314–324
Isa 45:14Demonstration of the Gospel 5.4.16 · Eusebius of Caesareaquotation, high confidenceca. 314–324
Isa 45:14–15On Ecclesiastical Theology 2.19.14 · Eusebius of Caesareaquotation, high confidenceca. 337–339
Isa 45:14Oration II Against the Arians 23 · Athanasius of Alexandriaquotation, high confidenceca. 339–346
Isa 45:14Catechetical Lecture 11.14 · Cyril of Jerusalemquotation, high confidenceca. 350
Isa 45:14–15On the Trinity 4.39 · Hilary of Poitiersquotation, high confidenceca. 356–360
Isa 45:14–15On the Trinity 4.40 · Hilary of Poitiersquotation, high confidenceca. 356–360
Isa 45:14–16On the Trinity 4.41 · Hilary of Poitiersquotation, high confidenceca. 356–360
Isa 45:14–15On the Trinity 5.38 · Hilary of Poitiersquotation, high confidenceca. 356–360
Isa 45:14Letters to Serapion 2.4 · Athanasius of Alexandriaquotation, high confidenceca. 357–360
Isa 45:14Against Arius 1.26 · Marius Victorinusquotation, high confidenceca. 357–362
Isa 45:14Against Arius 1.27 · Marius Victorinusquotation, high confidenceca. 357–362
Isa 45:14Against Arius 2.12 · Marius Victorinusquotation, high confidenceca. 357–362
Isa 45:14On the Orthodox Faith against the Arians 7 · Gregory of Elviraquotation, high confidenceca. 360-392
Isa 45:14Tractates 2.7.3 · Zeno of Veronaquotation, high confidenceca. 362-380
Isa 45:14Commentary on Romans 2:22 · Ambrosiasterquotation, high confidenceca. 366–384
Isa 45:14Question 97, section 5 · Ambrosiasterquotation, high confidenceca. 370–384
Isa 45:14Question 97, section 6 · Ambrosiasterallusion, high confidenceca. 370–384
Isa 45:14Letter 78.29 · Jeromequotation, high confidenceca. 370–419
Isa 45:14Letter 96.14 · Jeromequotation, high confidenceca. 370–419
Isa 45:14Panarion (Adversus Haereses), Haer. 1-64 57.2.5 · Epiphanius of Salamisquotation, high confidence374-377
Isa 45:14Panarion (Adversus Haereses), Haer. 1-64 57.6.1 · Epiphanius of Salamisquotation, high confidence374-377
Isa 45:14Panarion (Adversus Haereses), Haer. 1-64 57.7.3 · Epiphanius of Salamisquotation, high confidence374-377
Isa 45:14On the Christian Faith 1.3 · Ambrosequotation, high confidenceca. 378–380
Isa 45:14On the Christian Faith 2.3 · Ambroseecho, medium confidenceca. 378–380
Isa 45:14On the Trinity 3 · Faustinusquotation, high confidenceca. 380–384
Isa 45:14Exposition of Psalm 118 8.44.1 · Ambrosequotation, high confidenceca. 386-397
Isa 45:14Exposition of Psalm 118 21.11.4 · Ambroseallusion, high confidenceca. 386-397
Isa 45:14Explanation of Twelve Psalms 37.29.3 · Ambrosequotation, high confidenceca. 387-397

Isaiah 45:15

Truly You are a God who hides Himself, O God of Israel, the Savior.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Isa 45:15Against Noetus 2 · Hippolytus of Romequotation, high confidenceca. 200–230
Isa 45:15Against Noetus 4 · Hippolytus of Romequotation, high confidenceca. 200–230
Isa 45:15Against Praxeas 13 · Tertullianquotation, high confidenceca. 213 or later
Isa 45:15Lines 357–380 · Commodianquotation, high confidence3rd century (disputed)
Isa 45:15Prophetic Extracts 4.22 · Eusebius of Caesareaquotation, high confidencebefore 325 (probably ca. 310–320)
Isa 45:15Divine Institutes 4.13.7 · Lactantiusquotation, high confidenceca. 303–311
Isa 45:15Epitome of the Divine Institutes 39.4 · Lactantiusquotation, high confidenceca. 314–320
Isa 45:15Demonstration of the Gospel 5.4.5 · Eusebius of Caesareaquotation, high confidenceca. 314–324
Isa 45:15Demonstration of the Gospel 5.4.6 · Eusebius of Caesareaquotation, high confidenceca. 314–324
Isa 45:15Catechetical Lecture 11.14 · Cyril of Jerusalemquotation, high confidenceca. 350
Isa 45:15Letters to Serapion 2.4 · Athanasius of Alexandriaquotation, high confidenceca. 357–360
Isa 45:15Against Arius 1.26 · Marius Victorinusquotation, high confidenceca. 357–362
Isa 45:15Commentary on Romans 2:22 · Ambrosiasterquotation, high confidenceca. 366–384
Isa 45:15Question 97, section 5 · Ambrosiasterquotation, high confidenceca. 370–384
Isa 45:15Panarion (Adversus Haereses), Haer. 1-64 57.2.5 · Epiphanius of Salamisquotation, high confidence374-377
Isa 45:15Panarion (Adversus Haereses), Haer. 1-64 57.6.1 · Epiphanius of Salamisquotation, high confidence374-377
Isa 45:15On the Christian Faith 1.3 · Ambrosequotation, high confidenceca. 378–380
Isa 45:15On the Trinity 3 · Faustinusquotation, high confidenceca. 380–384

Isaiah 45:16

They will all be put to shame and humiliated; the makers of idols will depart together in disgrace.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Isa 45:16Prophetic Extracts 4.22 · Eusebius of Caesareaquotation, high confidencebefore 325 (probably ca. 310–320)
Isa 45:16Divine Institutes 4.13.7 · Lactantiusquotation, high confidenceca. 303–311
Isa 45:16Epitome of the Divine Institutes 39.4 · Lactantiusquotation, medium confidenceca. 314–320
Isa 45:16On the Trinity 3 · Faustinusquotation, high confidenceca. 380–384

Isaiah 45:18

For thus says the LORD, who created the heavens—He is God; He formed the earth and fashioned it; He established it; He did not create it to be empty, but formed it to be inhabited: “I am the LORD, and there is no other.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Isa 45:18Against Hermogenes 29 · Tertullianquotation, high confidenceca. 200–206
Isa 45:18Res. 1.47 · Methodius of Olympusquotation, high confidencelate 3rd cent. (disputed)
Isa 45:18Panarion (Adversus Haereses), Haer. 1-64 64.39.12 · Epiphanius of Salamisquotation, high confidence374-377

Isaiah 45:19

I have not spoken in secret, from a place in a land of darkness. I did not say to the descendants of Jacob, ‘Seek Me in a wasteland.’ I, the LORD, speak the truth; I say what is right.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Isa 45:19Exhortation to the Greeks 8.79 · Clement of Alexandriaquotation, high confidenceca. 190–200
Isa 45:19Letter 96.20 · Jeromeallusion, medium confidenceca. 370–419

Isaiah 45:20

Come, gather together, and draw near, you fugitives from the nations. Ignorant are those who carry idols of wood and pray to a god that cannot save.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Isa 45:20Exhortation to the Greeks 8.79 · Clement of Alexandriaquotation, high confidenceca. 190–200

Isaiah 45:21

Speak up and present your case—yes, let them take counsel together. Who foretold this long ago? Who announced it from ancient times? Was it not I, the LORD? There is no other God but Me, a righteous God and Savior; there is none but Me.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Isa 45:21Exhortation to the Greeks 8.79 · Clement of Alexandriaquotation, high confidenceca. 190–200
Isa 45:21Miscellanies 4.26.170 · Clement of Alexandriaquotation, medium confidenceca. 198–203
Isa 45:21Against Marcion 2.26 · Tertullianallusion, medium confidence207/208 (third edition, completed later)
Isa 45:21On the Trinity 3 · Novatianquotation, medium confidenceca. 240–250
Isa 45:21On the Trinity 30 · Novatianquotation, high confidenceca. 240–250
Isa 45:21Prayer 1 1 · Anonymousallusion, medium confidenceuncertain
Isa 45:21Homilies 16.7 · Anonymousquotation, medium confidence4th century (reworking earlier material)
Isa 45:21On Ecclesiastical Theology 1.2.1 · Eusebius of Caesareaallusion, low confidenceca. 337–339
Isa 45:21On Ecclesiastical Theology 2.19.17 · Eusebius of Caesareaquotation, high confidenceca. 337–339
Isa 45:21On Ecclesiastical Theology 2.22.1 · Eusebius of Caesareaquotation, high confidenceca. 337–339
Isa 45:21On the Trinity 4.41 · Hilary of Poitiersquotation, high confidenceca. 356–360
Isa 45:21Letters 8, 9 · Basil of Caesareaquotation, medium confidenceca. 357–378
Isa 45:21Letter 122.2 · Jeromequotation, medium confidenceca. 370–419
Isa 45:21Eleven Tractates 1.3 · Priscillianquotation, high confidenceca. 380–385
Isa 45:21Against Five Heresies 6 · Quodvultdeus of Carthagequotation, high confidenceca. 437-450

Isaiah 45:22

Turn to Me and be saved, all the ends of the earth; for I am God, and there is no other.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Isa 45:22Exhortation to the Greeks 8.79 · Clement of Alexandriaquotation, high confidenceca. 190–200
Isa 45:22–24Demonstration of the Gospel 2.3.21 · Eusebius of Caesareaquotation, high confidenceca. 314–324
Isa 45:22Letter 122.2 · Jeromequotation, medium confidenceca. 370–419
Isa 45:22–24Against Five Heresies 4 · Quodvultdeus of Carthagequotation, high confidenceca. 437-450

Isaiah 45:23

By Myself I have sworn; truth has gone out from My mouth, a word that will not be revoked: Every knee will bow before Me, every tongue will swear allegiance.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Isa 45:23First Apology 52 · Justin Martyrquotation, high confidenceca. 150–155
Isa 45:23Exhortation to the Greeks 8.79 · Clement of Alexandriaquotation, high confidenceca. 190–200
Isa 45:23Against Hermogenes 6 · Tertullianallusion, high confidenceca. 200–206
Isa 45:23Against Marcion 1.11 · Tertullianallusion, low confidence207/208 (third edition, completed later)
Isa 45:23Against Marcion 2.26 · Tertullianallusion, high confidence207/208 (third edition, completed later)
Isa 45:23On Prayer 31.3 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 233–234
Isa 45:23Commentary on Romans 9.41 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406)
Isa 45:23Commentary on Romans 14:11 · Ambrosiasterquotation, high confidenceca. 366–384
Isa 45:23On the Catholic Way of Life and the Manichaean Way of Life 2.14 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 387–389
Isa 45:23Against Adimantus, a Disciple of Mani 14 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 394
Isa 45:23Book 1, chapter 9 · Anonymousquotation, high confidenceca. 440-450