Malachi 1 in the early church

[Vulgate: Malachias]

164 passages quote, allude to, or echo Malachi 1, grouped by verse; passages on the same verse are in date order. Verse text from the Berean Standard Bible (public domain). References use the Protestant English Bible's numbering, with a writer's own numbering in brackets where it differs.

Verses: 1 · 2 · 3 · 4 · 6 · 7 · 8 · 9 · 10 · 11 · 12 · 13 · 14

Malachi 1 as a whole

ReferencePassageKindDate
Mal 1–Mal:4Canon 60 · Anonymousallusion, high confidenceca. 343–381
Mal 1–Mal:4Canon 47 · Anonymousallusion, high confidence397

Malachi 1:1

This is the burden of the word of the LORD to Israel through Malachi:

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Mal 1:15 Ezra 1.40 · Anonymousallusion, medium confidence2nd–3rd century
Mal 1:1Miscellanies 1.21.122 · Clement of Alexandriaallusion, high confidenceca. 198–203

Malachi 1:2

“I have loved you,” says the LORD. But you ask, “How have You loved us?” “Was not Esau Jacob’s brother?” declares the LORD. “Yet Jacob I have loved,

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Mal 1:2Against Heresies 4.21.2 · Irenaeus of Lyonsquotation, high confidenceca. 180–190
Mal 1:2–3On Mount Sinai and Mount Zion 6 · Anonymousquotation, high confidence3rd cent. (disputed)
Mal 1:2On First Principles 2.9.7 · Origenquotation, medium confidenceca. 220–230 (Rufinus's translation 398)
Mal 1:2–3On First Principles 3.1.22 · Origenallusion, medium confidenceca. 220–230 (Rufinus's translation 398)
Mal 1:2–3Commentary on John 2.191 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 230–248
Mal 1:2On Prayer 5.4 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 233–234
Mal 1:2Homilies on Numbers 3.2 · Origenquotation, medium confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
Mal 1:2Commentary on Romans 7.15 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406)
Mal 1:2Commentary on Romans 7.16 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406)
Mal 1:2Oration I Against the Arians 52 · Athanasius of Alexandriaquotation, high confidenceca. 339–346
Mal 1:2–3Commentary on Galatians 4:29 · Ambrosiasterquotation, high confidenceca. 366–384
Mal 1:2Commentary on Romans 9:11–13 · Ambrosiasterquotation, high confidenceca. 366–384
Mal 1:2Commentary on Romans 9:14 · Ambrosiasterquotation, high confidenceca. 366–384
Mal 1:2–3Letter 120.10 · Jeromequotation, high confidenceca. 370–419
Mal 1:2Letter 124.8 · Jeromeallusion, medium confidenceca. 370–419
Mal 1:2Letter 133.9 · Jeromequotation, high confidenceca. 370–419
Mal 1:2Letter 78.8 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 386–430
Mal 1:2Letter 186.14 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 386–430
Mal 1:2Letter 194.34 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 386–430
Mal 1:2Letter 194.38 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 386–430
Mal 1:2Letter 196.13 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 386–430
Mal 1:2–3On Baptism, against the Donatists 1.14 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 400–401
Mal 1:2–3Apology against Jerome 1.28 · Rufinus of Aquileiaallusion, medium confidenceca. 401
Mal 1:2Tractates on the Gospel of John 11.10 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 406–420
Mal 1:2–3Against Two Letters of the Pelagians 2.15 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 420–421
Mal 1:2Enchiridion (Handbook on Faith, Hope, and Love) 98 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 421–423
Mal 1:2Retractations 1.22 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidence426-427
Mal 1:2Retractations 1.25 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidence426-427
Mal 1:2On the Predestination of the Saints 3 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 428/429
Mal 1:2–3Book 2, chapter 11 · Anonymousallusion, high confidenceca. 440-450
Mal 1:2–3Part 1, chapter 21 · Quodvultdeus of Carthagequotation, high confidenceca. 445-450

Malachi 1:3

but Esau I have hated, and I have made his mountains a wasteland and left his inheritance to the desert jackals.”

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Mal 1:3Against Heresies 4.21.2 · Irenaeus of Lyonsquotation, high confidenceca. 180–190
Mal 1:3On Prayer 5.4 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 233–234
Mal 1:3Commentary on Romans 7.15 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406)
Mal 1:3Oration I Against the Arians 52 · Athanasius of Alexandriaquotation, high confidenceca. 339–346
Mal 1:3Oration 43.46 · Gregory of Nazianzusallusion, high confidenceca. 362–383
Mal 1:3Commentary on Romans 9:11–13 · Ambrosiasterquotation, high confidenceca. 366–384
Mal 1:3Commentary on Romans 9:14 · Ambrosiasterquotation, high confidenceca. 366–384
Mal 1:3Letter 124.6 · Jeromeallusion, medium confidenceca. 370–419
Mal 1:3Letter 133.9 · Jeromequotation, high confidenceca. 370–419
Mal 1:3Letter 186.14 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 386–430
Mal 1:3Letter 194.34 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 386–430
Mal 1:3Tractates on the Gospel of John 11.10 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 406–420
Mal 1:3Enchiridion (Handbook on Faith, Hope, and Love) 98 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 421–423
Mal 1:3On the Predestination of the Saints 3 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 428/429

Malachi 1:4

Though Edom may say, “We have been devastated, but we will rebuild the ruins,” this is what the LORD of Hosts says: “They may build, but I will demolish. They will be called the Land of Wickedness, and a people with whom the LORD is indignant forever.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Mal 1:4Letter 78.19 · Jeromeallusion, medium confidenceca. 370–419

Malachi 1:6

“A son honors his father, and a servant his master. But if I am a father, where is My honor? And if I am a master, where is your fear of Me?” says the LORD of Hosts to you priests who despise My name. “But you ask, ‘How have we despised Your name?’

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Mal 1:6Commentary on John 1.203 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 230–248
Mal 1:6On Prayer 22.1 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 233–234
Mal 1:6Commentary on Romans 7.2 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406)
Mal 1:6Commentary on Romans 9.30 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406)
Mal 1:6Epitome of the Divine Institutes 36.3 · Lactantiusecho, medium confidenceca. 314–320
Mal 1:6Epitome of the Divine Institutes 54.4 · Lactantiusallusion, medium confidenceca. 314–320
Mal 1:6On Saint Athanasius 1.37 · Lucifer of Cagliariquotation, high confidenceca. 356–361
Mal 1:6Homilies on the Psalms 28.2 · Basil of Caesareaquotation, high confidenceca. 360-378
Mal 1:6Oration 2.38 · Gregory of Nazianzusallusion, high confidenceca. 362–383
Mal 1:6Commentary on Ephesians 1:17–19 · Ambrosiasterquotation, high confidenceca. 366–384
Mal 1:6Commentary on Philippians 4:20 · Ambrosiasterquotation, high confidenceca. 366–384
Mal 1:6Letter 52.7 · Jeromequotation, high confidenceca. 370–419
Mal 1:6Letter 148.3 · Jeromequotation, high confidenceca. 370–419
Mal 1:6On the Holy Spirit 18.46 · Basil of Caesareaquotation, high confidenceca. 374–375
Mal 1:6On the Holy Spirit 20.51 · Basil of Caesareaquotation, high confidenceca. 374–375
Mal 1:6Apostolic Constitutions 2.15.4 · Anonymousquotation, high confidenceca. 380
Mal 1:6Apostolic Constitutions 7.24.2 · Anonymousquotation, high confidenceca. 380
Mal 1:6Apostolic Constitutions 8.2.6 · Anonymousquotation, high confidenceca. 380
Mal 1:6Liber Orsiesii 18 · Orsiesiusecho, low confidenceca. 380-390
Mal 1:6Liber Orsiesii 47 · Orsiesiusquotation, high confidenceca. 380-390
Mal 1:6Commentary on Ephesians 5:33 · Jeromequotation, high confidenceca. 386
Mal 1:6The Lord's Sermon on the Mount 2.4 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 393–396
Mal 1:6Tractates on the Gospel of John 21.3 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 406–420
Mal 1:6The Conferences 11.9 · John Cassianquotation, high confidenceca. 426–429
Mal 1:6The Conferences 11.13 · John Cassianquotation, medium confidenceca. 426–429
Mal 1:6Letter to Valerian, paragraph 25 · Eucherius of Lyonallusion, medium confidenceca. 432

Malachi 1:7

By presenting defiled food on My altar. But you ask, ‘How have we defiled You?’ By saying that the table of the LORD is contemptible.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Mal 1:7Life of Antony 82 · Athanasius of Alexandriaecho, low confidenceca. 357–360
Mal 1:7Oration 2.38 · Gregory of Nazianzusallusion, high confidenceca. 362–383

Malachi 1:8

When you offer blind animals for sacrifice, is it not wrong? And when you present the lame and sick ones, is it not wrong? Try offering them to your governor! Would he be pleased with you or show you favor?” asks the LORD of Hosts.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Mal 1:8Demonstration 4.13 · Aphrahatquotation, high confidence337-345
Mal 1:8Oration 2.38 · Gregory of Nazianzusallusion, high confidenceca. 362–383
Mal 1:8Question 5, section 2 · Ambrosiasterquotation, high confidenceca. 370–384
Mal 1:8Question 103, section 2 · Ambrosiasterquotation, high confidenceca. 370–384
Mal 1:8Letter 107.6 · Jeromeallusion, medium confidenceca. 370–419
Mal 1:8Homilies on Matthew 85.4 · John Chrysostomallusion, high confidenceca. 390

Malachi 1:9

“But ask now for God’s favor. Will He be gracious? Since this has come from your hands, will He show you favor?” asks the LORD of Hosts.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Mal 1:9Oration 2.38 · Gregory of Nazianzusquotation, high confidenceca. 362–383

Malachi 1:10

“Oh, that one of you would shut the temple doors, so that you would no longer kindle useless fires on My altar! I take no pleasure in you,” says the LORD of Hosts, “and I will accept no offering from your hands.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Mal 1:10Dialogue with Trypho 28.5 · Justin Martyrquotation, high confidenceca. 155–160
Mal 1:10Dialogue with Trypho 41.2 · Justin Martyrquotation, high confidenceca. 155–160
Mal 1:10Dialogue with Trypho 117.1 · Justin Martyrquotation, high confidenceca. 155–160
Mal 1:10Against Heresies 4.17.5 · Irenaeus of Lyonsquotation, high confidenceca. 180–190
Mal 1:10Miscellanies 5.14.136 · Clement of Alexandriaquotation, high confidenceca. 198–203
Mal 1:10–11Against the Jews 5 · Tertullianquotation, high confidenceca. 197–207
Mal 1:10Against Marcion 3.22 · Tertullianquotation, high confidence207/208 (third edition, completed later)
Mal 1:10Against Marcion 4.1 · Tertullianquotation, high confidence207/208 (third edition, completed later)
Mal 1:10Lines 333–356 · Commodianquotation, high confidence3rd century (disputed)
Mal 1:10–11To Quirinus 1.16 · Cyprian of Carthagequotation, high confidenceca. 248–250 (book 3 perhaps later)
Mal 1:10Letter 3 · Anonymousquotation, high confidenceuncertain
Mal 1:10Prophetic Extracts 3.29 · Eusebius of Caesareaquotation, high confidencebefore 325 (probably ca. 310–320)
Mal 1:10Divine Institutes 4.11.8 · Lactantiusquotation, high confidenceca. 303–311
Mal 1:10Epitome of the Divine Institutes 43.5 · Lactantiusquotation, high confidenceca. 314–320
Mal 1:10–11Demonstration of the Gospel 1.6.43 · Eusebius of Caesareaquotation, high confidenceca. 314–324
Mal 1:10–12Demonstration of the Gospel 2.3.10 · Eusebius of Caesareaquotation, high confidenceca. 314–324
Mal 1:10Demonstration 15.6 · Aphrahatquotation, high confidence337-345
Mal 1:10Demonstration 16.3 · Aphrahatquotation, high confidence337-345
Mal 1:10Catechetical Lecture 18.25 · Cyril of Jerusalemquotation, high confidenceca. 350
Mal 1:10–11Tractates 1.15.4 · Zeno of Veronaquotation, high confidenceca. 362-380
Mal 1:10–11Letter 53.8 · Jeromequotation, high confidenceca. 370–419
Mal 1:10Tractates on the Gospel of John 35.7 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 406–420
Mal 1:10City of God 18.35 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidence413–426

Malachi 1:11

For My name will be great among the nations, from where the sun rises to where it sets. In every place, incense and pure offerings will be presented in My name, because My name will be great among the nations,” says the LORD of Hosts.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Mal 1:11Didache 14.3 · Anonymousquotation, high confidenceca. 50–150 (often ca. 100)
Mal 1:11Dialogue with Trypho 28.5 · Justin Martyrquotation, high confidenceca. 155–160
Mal 1:11Dialogue with Trypho 41.2 · Justin Martyrquotation, high confidenceca. 155–160
Mal 1:11Dialogue with Trypho 41.3 · Justin Martyrallusion, high confidenceca. 155–160
Mal 1:11Dialogue with Trypho 116.3 · Justin Martyrallusion, high confidenceca. 155–160
Mal 1:11Dialogue with Trypho 117.1 · Justin Martyrquotation, high confidenceca. 155–160
Mal 1:11Dialogue with Trypho 117.5 · Justin Martyrallusion, high confidenceca. 155–160
Mal 1:11Against Heresies 4.17.5 · Irenaeus of Lyonsquotation, high confidenceca. 180–190
Mal 1:11Against Heresies 4.17.6 · Irenaeus of Lyonsquotation, high confidenceca. 180–190
Mal 1:11Against Heresies 4.19.1 · Irenaeus of Lyonsallusion, medium confidenceca. 180–190
Mal 1:11Miscellanies 5.14.136 · Clement of Alexandriaquotation, high confidenceca. 198–203
Mal 1:11Commentary on Daniel 4.35-37 · Hippolytus of Romeallusion, high confidenceca. 202-204
Mal 1:11Against Marcion 3.22 · Tertullianquotation, high confidence207/208 (third edition, completed later)
Mal 1:11Against Marcion 4.1 · Tertullianquotation, high confidence207/208 (third edition, completed later)
Mal 1:11On Prayer 31.4 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 233–234
Mal 1:11Lines 333–356 · Commodianquotation, high confidence3rd century (disputed)
Mal 1:11Against Celsus 1.27 · Origenecho, medium confidenceca. 248
Mal 1:11Prophetic Extracts 3.29 · Eusebius of Caesareaquotation, high confidencebefore 325 (probably ca. 310–320)
Mal 1:11Prophetic Extracts 4.11 · Eusebius of Caesareaallusion, low confidencebefore 325 (probably ca. 310–320)
Mal 1:11Divine Institutes 4.11.8 · Lactantiusquotation, high confidenceca. 303–311
Mal 1:11Divine Institutes 4.26.36 · Lactantiusecho, medium confidenceca. 303–311
Mal 1:11Divine Institutes 5.13.5 · Lactantiusecho, medium confidenceca. 303–311
Mal 1:11Epitome of the Divine Institutes 43.5 · Lactantiusquotation, high confidenceca. 314–320
Mal 1:11Demonstration of the Gospel 1.6.44 · Eusebius of Caesareaallusion, high confidenceca. 314–324
Mal 1:11Demonstration of the Gospel 1.10.35 · Eusebius of Caesareaquotation, high confidenceca. 314–324
Mal 1:11Demonstration of the Gospel 1.10.36 · Eusebius of Caesareaallusion, high confidenceca. 314–324
Mal 1:11Demonstration of the Gospel 1.10.37 · Eusebius of Caesareaallusion, medium confidenceca. 314–324
Mal 1:11Tricennial Oration (In Praise of Constantine) 16.10 · Eusebius of Caesareaecho, low confidence335–336
Mal 1:11Tricennial Oration (In Praise of Constantine) 17.13 · Eusebius of Caesareaecho, low confidence335–336
Mal 1:11Demonstration 16.3 · Aphrahatquotation, high confidence337-345
Mal 1:11Catechetical Lecture 18.25 · Cyril of Jerusalemquotation, high confidenceca. 350
Mal 1:11Book of Rules 1 · Tyconiusallusion, medium confidenceca. 380
Mal 1:11Apostolic Constitutions 6.23.5 · Anonymousquotation, high confidenceca. 380
Mal 1:11Apostolic Constitutions 7.30.2 · Anonymousquotation, high confidenceca. 380
Mal 1:11Apostolic Constitutions 8.5.3 · Anonymousallusion, high confidenceca. 380
Mal 1:11Letter 36.3 · Augustine of Hippoecho, medium confidenceca. 386–430
Mal 1:11Letter 93.20 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 386–430
Mal 1:11Letter 102.21 · Augustine of Hippoallusion, medium confidenceca. 386–430
Mal 1:11Letter 185.5 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 386–430
Mal 1:11Letters 18.4 · Paulinus of Nolaallusion, medium confidenceca. 394–413
Mal 1:11Tractates on the Gospel of John 35.7 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 406–420
Mal 1:11City of God 18.35 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidence413–426
Mal 1:11City of God 19.23 · Augustine of Hippoallusion, high confidence413–426
Mal 1:11Against Two Letters of the Pelagians 4.17 · Augustine of Hippoallusion, medium confidenceca. 420–421
Mal 1:11Part 1, chapter 21 · Quodvultdeus of Carthageallusion, high confidenceca. 445-450
Mal 1:11Part 3, chapter 40 · Quodvultdeus of Carthagequotation, high confidenceca. 445-450

Malachi 1:12

“But you profane it when you say, ‘The table of the Lord is defiled, and as for its fruit, its food is contemptible.’

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Mal 1:12Dialogue with Trypho 28.5 · Justin Martyrquotation, high confidenceca. 155–160
Mal 1:12Dialogue with Trypho 41.2 · Justin Martyrquotation, high confidenceca. 155–160
Mal 1:12Dialogue with Trypho 117.1 · Justin Martyrquotation, high confidenceca. 155–160
Mal 1:12Prophetic Extracts 3.29 · Eusebius of Caesareaquotation, medium confidencebefore 325 (probably ca. 310–320)

Malachi 1:13

You also say: ‘Oh, what a nuisance!’ And you turn up your nose at it,” says the LORD of Hosts. “You bring offerings that are stolen, lame, or sick! Should I accept these from your hands?” asks the LORD.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Mal 1:13Question 5, section 2 · Ambrosiasterallusion, medium confidenceca. 370–384

Malachi 1:14

“But cursed is the deceiver who has an acceptable male in his flock and vows to give it, but sacrifices a defective animal to the Lord. For I am a great King,” says the LORD of Hosts, “and My name is to be feared among the nations.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Mal 1:14Didache 14.3 · Anonymousquotation, high confidenceca. 50–150 (often ca. 100)
Mal 1:14Miscellanies 5.14.136 · Clement of Alexandriaquotation, high confidenceca. 198–203
Mal 1:14To Quirinus 2.29 · Cyprian of Carthagequotation, high confidenceca. 248–250 (book 3 perhaps later)
Mal 1:14Demonstration 4.13 · Aphrahatquotation, high confidence337-345
Mal 1:14Apostolic Constitutions 7.30.2 · Anonymousquotation, high confidenceca. 380