2 Corinthians 10 in the early church

179 passages quote, allude to, or echo 2 Corinthians 10, grouped by verse; passages on the same verse are in date order. Verse text from the Berean Standard Bible (public domain). References use the Protestant English Bible's numbering, with a writer's own numbering in brackets where it differs.

Verses: 1 · 2 · 3 · 4 · 5 · 6 · 7 · 8 · 9 · 10 · 11 · 12 · 13 · 14 · 15 · 16 · 17 · 18

2 Corinthians 10:1

Now by the mildness and gentleness of Christ, I appeal to you—I, Paul, who am humble when face to face with you, but bold when away.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
2 Cor 10:1Commentary on 2 Corinthians 10:1 · Ambrosiasterquotation, high confidenceca. 366–384
2 Cor 10:1Letter 110.3 · Jeromeallusion, medium confidenceca. 370–419
2 Cor 10:1Letter 73.3 · Augustine of Hippoecho, low confidenceca. 386–430
2 Cor 10:1The Conferences 23.16 · John Cassianquotation, high confidenceca. 426–429

2 Corinthians 10:2

I beg you that when I come I may not need to be as bold as I expect toward those who presume that we live according to the flesh.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
2 Cor 10:2Commentary on 2 Corinthians 10:2 · Ambrosiasterquotation, high confidenceca. 366–384
2 Cor 10:2The Institutes 10.12 · John Cassianquotation, high confidenceca. 419–426

2 Corinthians 10:3

For though we live in the flesh, we do not wage war according to the flesh.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
2 Cor 10:3To Diognetus 5.8 · Anonymousallusion, medium confidenceca. 150–200 (disputed)
2 Cor 10:3Miscellanies 2.20.125 · Clement of Alexandriaquotation, high confidenceca. 198–203
2 Cor 10:3Miscellanies 4.7.54 · Clement of Alexandriaquotation, high confidenceca. 198–203
2 Cor 10:3Commentary on John 6.227 · Origenallusion, medium confidenceca. 230–248
2 Cor 10:3Commentary on John 13.109 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 230–248
2 Cor 10:3Commentary on John 13.361 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 230–248
2 Cor 10:3Commentary on John 28.39 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 230–248
2 Cor 10:3On Prayer 13.4 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 233–234
2 Cor 10:3Homilies on Jeremiah 15.6 · Origenallusion, medium confidenceca. 240
2 Cor 10:3–5Against Celsus 5.64 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 248
2 Cor 10:3–4Against Celsus 7.46 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 248
2 Cor 10:3Commentary on Matthew, Latin Series 35 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 244–249 (Latin translation, 4th–5th century)
2 Cor 10:3Commentary on Matthew 12.4 · Origenallusion, medium confidenceca. 246–248
2 Cor 10:3Commentary on Matthew 16.21 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 246–248
2 Cor 10:3Commentary on Romans 6.9 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406)
2 Cor 10:3Homily on the Paralytic 10 · Cyril of Jerusalemallusion, medium confidenceca. 350-387
2 Cor 10:3Commentary on 2 Corinthians 10:3 · Ambrosiasterquotation, high confidenceca. 366–384
2 Cor 10:3Letter 60.3 · Jeromeallusion, medium confidenceca. 370–419
2 Cor 10:3Panarion (Adversus Haereses), Haer. 1-64 51.8.1 · Epiphanius of Salamisallusion, medium confidence374-377
2 Cor 10:3Eleven Tractates 4.79 · Priscillianallusion, high confidenceca. 380–385
2 Cor 10:3Eleven Tractates 6.98 · Priscillianallusion, high confidenceca. 380–385
2 Cor 10:3Letters 40.9 · Paulinus of Nolaallusion, high confidenceca. 394–413
2 Cor 10:3The Conferences 3.6 · John Cassianallusion, high confidenceca. 426–429

2 Corinthians 10:4

The weapons of our warfare are not the weapons of the flesh. Instead, they have divine power to demolish strongholds.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
2 Cor 10:4Miscellanies 2.20.109 · Clement of Alexandriaquotation, high confidenceca. 198–203
2 Cor 10:4Miscellanies 4.7.54 · Clement of Alexandriaquotation, high confidenceca. 198–203
2 Cor 10:4Fragments on Proverbs, column 215 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 220-254
2 Cor 10:4Homilies on Joshua 7.1 · Origenallusion, medium confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
2 Cor 10:4Homilies on Joshua 13.4 · Origenallusion, medium confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
2 Cor 10:4Homilies on Leviticus 7.6 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
2 Cor 10:4Homilies on Numbers 13.2 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
2 Cor 10:4Commentary on the Song of Songs 2.131 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 240–245 (Rufinus's translation ca. 410)
2 Cor 10:4Commentary on Matthew, Latin Series 35 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 244–249 (Latin translation, 4th–5th century)
2 Cor 10:4Demonstration 9.2 · Aphrahatallusion, medium confidence337-345
2 Cor 10:4On the Trinity 12.20 · Hilary of Poitiersquotation, high confidenceca. 356–360
2 Cor 10:4Tractates on the Psalms 119.22 · Hilary of Poitiersallusion, high confidenceca. 360–367
2 Cor 10:4Commentary on 2 Corinthians 10:4 · Ambrosiasterquotation, high confidenceca. 366–384
2 Cor 10:4On the Destruction of Jerusalem 5.16 · Anonymousallusion, high confidenceca. 370
2 Cor 10:4–6Letter 53.3 · Jeromequotation, high confidenceca. 370–419
2 Cor 10:4Ancoratus 66.11 · Epiphanius of Salamisallusion, medium confidence374
2 Cor 10:4Panarion (Adversus Haereses), Haer. 1-64 64.57.9 · Epiphanius of Salamisquotation, high confidence374-377
2 Cor 10:4Canons on the Letters of Paul 38 · Priscillianallusion, high confidenceca. 380–400
2 Cor 10:4On the Duties of the Clergy 1.37 · Ambroseallusion, high confidenceca. 386–390
2 Cor 10:4Explanation of Twelve Psalms 36.24.4 · Ambroseallusion, medium confidenceca. 387-397
2 Cor 10:4Explanation of Twelve Psalms 43.9.4 · Ambroseallusion, medium confidenceca. 387-397
2 Cor 10:4Poem 15, lines 126–160 · Paulinus of Nolaecho, low confidenceca. 393–431
2 Cor 10:4Poem 26, lines 99–129 · Paulinus of Nolaecho, medium confidenceca. 393–431
2 Cor 10:4Letters 2.4 · Paulinus of Nolaallusion, high confidenceca. 394–413
2 Cor 10:4The Conferences 7.5 · John Cassianquotation, high confidenceca. 426–429
2 Cor 10:4Celestine, ACO I.2, letter 7.3 · Celestine I, bishop of Romeallusion, medium confidence430-432

2 Corinthians 10:5

We demolish arguments and every presumption set up against the knowledge of God; and we take captive every thought to make it obedient to Christ.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
2 Cor 10:5Miscellanies 2.20.109 · Clement of Alexandriaquotation, high confidenceca. 198–203
2 Cor 10:5Miscellanies 4.7.54 · Clement of Alexandriaquotation, high confidenceca. 198–203
2 Cor 10:5Miscellanies 7.3.14 · Clement of Alexandriaallusion, medium confidenceca. 198–203
2 Cor 10:5On First Principles 3.2.4 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 220–230 (Rufinus's translation 398)
2 Cor 10:5Fragments on Proverbs, column 215 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 220-254
2 Cor 10:5PG 12:1181 (Ps 7–8 LXX) · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 220-254
2 Cor 10:5PG 12:1237 (Ps 17 LXX) · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 220-254
2 Cor 10:5PG 12:1277 (Ps 26 LXX) · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 220-254
2 Cor 10:5PG 12:1675 (Ps 149–150 LXX) · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 220-254
2 Cor 10:5Commentary on John 2.54 · Origenallusion, medium confidenceca. 230–248
2 Cor 10:5Commentary on John 13.333 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 230–248
2 Cor 10:5On Prayer 27.6 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 233–234
2 Cor 10:5Homily on 1 Samuel 1.10 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
2 Cor 10:5Homilies on Joshua 13.4 · Origenallusion, medium confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
2 Cor 10:5Homilies on Joshua 14.2 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
2 Cor 10:5Homilies on Joshua 18.3 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
2 Cor 10:5Homilies on Judges 4.1 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
2 Cor 10:5Homilies on Leviticus 16.6 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
2 Cor 10:5Homilies on Numbers 13.2 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
2 Cor 10:5Homilies on Numbers 15.1 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
2 Cor 10:5Homilies on Numbers 25.4 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
2 Cor 10:5Homilies on Numbers 25.6 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
2 Cor 10:5Homilies on Psalms 36-38 3.6 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
2 Cor 10:5Homilies on Jeremiah 12.12 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 240
2 Cor 10:5Commentary on the Song of Songs 2.131 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 240–245 (Rufinus's translation ca. 410)
2 Cor 10:5Against Celsus 4.1 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 248
2 Cor 10:5Against Celsus 5.1 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 248
2 Cor 10:5Against Celsus 5.30 · Origenallusion, medium confidenceca. 248
2 Cor 10:5Commentary on Matthew, Latin Series 35 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 244–249 (Latin translation, 4th–5th century)
2 Cor 10:5Commentary on Matthew, Latin Series 45 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 244–249 (Latin translation, 4th–5th century)
2 Cor 10:5Commentary on Matthew, Latin Series 49 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 244–249 (Latin translation, 4th–5th century)
2 Cor 10:5Res. 2.2 · Methodius of Olympusquotation, high confidencelate 3rd cent. (disputed)
2 Cor 10:5Res. 2.5 · Methodius of Olympusquotation, high confidencelate 3rd cent. (disputed)
2 Cor 10:5Church History 2.14.2 · Eusebius of Caesareaallusion, high confidenceca. 300–325
2 Cor 10:5Prophetic Extracts 4.10 · Eusebius of Caesareaallusion, high confidencebefore 325 (probably ca. 310–320)
2 Cor 10:5Demonstration of the Gospel 2.3.124 · Eusebius of Caesareaecho, medium confidenceca. 314–324
2 Cor 10:5Demonstration of the Gospel 6.13.18 · Eusebius of Caesareaallusion, medium confidenceca. 314–324
2 Cor 10:5On the Trinity 12.20 · Hilary of Poitiersquotation, high confidenceca. 356–360
2 Cor 10:5Letters 8, 9 · Basil of Caesareaallusion, high confidenceca. 357–378
2 Cor 10:5Homilies on the Psalms 28.2 · Basil of Caesareaallusion, medium confidenceca. 360-378
2 Cor 10:5Homilies on the Psalms 45.2 · Basil of Caesareaallusion, high confidenceca. 360-378
2 Cor 10:5Moral Rules (Moralia) 6 · Basil of Caesareaquotation, high confidenceca. 360-370
2 Cor 10:5Oration 43.10 · Gregory of Nazianzusquotation, high confidenceca. 362–383
2 Cor 10:5Commentary on 2 Corinthians 10:5 · Ambrosiasterquotation, high confidenceca. 366–384
2 Cor 10:5Letter 78.30 · Jeromeecho, low confidenceca. 370–419
2 Cor 10:5On the Holy Spirit 15.36 · Basil of Caesareaallusion, high confidenceca. 374–375
2 Cor 10:5Panarion (Adversus Haereses), Haer. 1-64 55.2.4 · Epiphanius of Salamisquotation, high confidence374-377
2 Cor 10:5Panarion (Adversus Haereses), Haer. 1-64 63.3.9 · Epiphanius of Salamisallusion, medium confidence374-377
2 Cor 10:5Panarion (Adversus Haereses), Haer. 1-64 64.57.9 · Epiphanius of Salamisquotation, high confidence374-377
2 Cor 10:5Panarion (Adversus Haereses), Haer. 1-64 64.59.3 · Epiphanius of Salamisquotation, high confidence374-377
2 Cor 10:5On the Christian Faith 3.14 · Ambroseallusion, medium confidenceca. 378–380
2 Cor 10:5On Noah 52 · Ambroseallusion, medium confidenceca. 378-384
2 Cor 10:5Homily 7 · Gregory of Nyssaallusion, medium confidenceca. 379–394
2 Cor 10:5Exposition of Psalm 118 4.5.2 · Ambroseallusion, high confidenceca. 386-397
2 Cor 10:5On the Blessings of the Patriarchs 56 · Ambroseallusion, high confidenceca. 387-392
2 Cor 10:5Homily 5 · Gregory of Nyssaallusion, high confidenceca. 390–394
2 Cor 10:5Homily 14 · Gregory of Nyssaallusion, high confidenceca. 390–394
2 Cor 10:5Homily 1.5 on Titus · John Chrysostomallusion, high confidenceca. 392-397
2 Cor 10:5Letters 2.4 · Paulinus of Nolaquotation, high confidenceca. 394–413
2 Cor 10:5Historia monachorum, chapter 27 · Rufinus of Aquileiaallusion, low confidenceGreek original ca. 394-395; Rufinus's Latin ca. 404-406
2 Cor 10:5Commentary on Jeremiah 1.6 · Jeromeallusion, high confidenceca. 414-419
2 Cor 10:5The Conferences 7.5 · John Cassianquotation, high confidenceca. 426–429
2 Cor 10:5The Conferences 22.15 · John Cassianallusion, high confidenceca. 426–429

2 Corinthians 10:6

And we will be ready to punish every act of disobedience, as soon as your obedience is complete.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
2 Cor 10:6PG 12:1675 (Ps 149–150 LXX) · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 220-254
2 Cor 10:6Commentary on 2 Corinthians 10:6 · Ambrosiasterquotation, high confidenceca. 366–384
2 Cor 10:6Letter 185.24 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 386–430
2 Cor 10:6Homilies on Matthew 40.2 · John Chrysostomquotation, high confidenceca. 390
2 Cor 10:6The Conferences 7.5 · John Cassianquotation, high confidenceca. 426–429

2 Corinthians 10:7

You are looking at outward appearances. If anyone is confident that he belongs to Christ, he should remind himself that we belong to Christ just as much as he does.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
2 Cor 10:7Commentary on 2 Corinthians 10:7 · Ambrosiasterquotation, high confidenceca. 366–384

2 Corinthians 10:8

For even if I boast somewhat excessively about the authority the Lord gave us for building you up rather than tearing you down, I will not be ashamed.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
2 Cor 10:8Commentary on 2 Corinthians 10:8 · Ambrosiasterquotation, high confidenceca. 366–384
2 Cor 10:8Letter 51.2 · Jeromeecho, medium confidenceca. 370–419
2 Cor 10:8On the Soul and Its Origin 3.21 · Augustine of Hippoecho, medium confidenceca. 419–420
2 Cor 10:8The Institutes 10.12 · John Cassianquotation, high confidenceca. 419–426

2 Corinthians 10:9

I do not want to seem to be trying to frighten you by my letters.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
2 Cor 10:9Commentary on 2 Corinthians 10:9 · Ambrosiasterquotation, high confidenceca. 366–384

2 Corinthians 10:10

For some say, “His letters are weighty and forceful, but his physical presence is unimpressive, and his speaking is of no account.”

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
2 Cor 10:10Res. 1.62 · Methodius of Olympusquotation, high confidencelate 3rd cent. (disputed)
2 Cor 10:10Commentary on 2 Corinthians 10:10–11 · Ambrosiasterquotation, high confidenceca. 366–384
2 Cor 10:10Panarion (Adversus Haereses), Haer. 1-64 64.54.9 · Epiphanius of Salamisquotation, high confidence374-377
2 Cor 10:10Panarion (Adversus Haereses), Haer. 1-64 64.54.10 · Epiphanius of Salamisquotation, high confidence374-377
2 Cor 10:10On Christian Doctrine 4.7 · Augustine of Hippoallusion, high confidenceBooks 1–3 ca. 396–397; completed 426–427
2 Cor 10:10Celestine, ACO I.2, letter 10.3 · Celestine I, bishop of Romeallusion, high confidence430-432

2 Corinthians 10:11

Such people should consider that what we are in our letters when absent, we will be in our actions when present.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
2 Cor 10:11Commentary on 2 Corinthians 10:10–11 · Ambrosiasterquotation, high confidenceca. 366–384

2 Corinthians 10:12

We do not dare to classify or compare ourselves with some who commend themselves. When they measure themselves by themselves and compare themselves with themselves, they show their ignorance.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
2 Cor 10:12On the Singleness of Clerics 22 · Anonymousquotation, high confidence3rd cent. (disputed)
2 Cor 10:12Letter 71 · Basil of Caesareaallusion, medium confidenceca. 357–378
2 Cor 10:12Commentary on 2 Corinthians 10:12 · Ambrosiasterquotation, high confidenceca. 366–384
2 Cor 10:12Commentary on 2 Corinthians 10:13 · Ambrosiasterquotation, high confidenceca. 366–384
2 Cor 10:12Letter 144.5 · Jeromequotation, high confidenceca. 370–419
2 Cor 10:12Letter 126.7 · Augustine of Hippoallusion, high confidenceca. 386–430
2 Cor 10:12Against Faustus the Manichaean 22.47 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 398–400
2 Cor 10:12On the Good of Marriage 34 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidence401
2 Cor 10:12On Holy Virginity 51 · Augustine of Hippoallusion, high confidence401
2 Cor 10:12City of God 12.18 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidence413–426

2 Corinthians 10:13

We, however, will not boast beyond our limits, but only within the field of influence that God has assigned to us—a field that reaches even to you.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
2 Cor 10:13On the Singleness of Clerics 22 · Anonymousquotation, high confidence3rd cent. (disputed)
2 Cor 10:13Long recension, Trallians 3 · Anonymousallusion, low confidencelater 4th century (probable)
2 Cor 10:13Commentary on 2 Corinthians 10:13 · Ambrosiasterquotation, high confidenceca. 366–384
2 Cor 10:13–15Letter 51.1 · Jeromeallusion, medium confidenceca. 370–419
2 Cor 10:13Ancoratus 1.2 · Epiphanius of Salamisquotation, medium confidence374
2 Cor 10:13Letters 12.4 · Paulinus of Nolaallusion, high confidenceca. 394–413
2 Cor 10:13Tractates on the Gospel of John 9.17 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 406–420

2 Corinthians 10:14

We are not overstepping our bounds, as if we had not come to you. Indeed, we were the first to reach you with the gospel of Christ.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
2 Cor 10:14Catechetical Lecture 15.32 · Cyril of Jerusalemquotation, high confidenceca. 350
2 Cor 10:14Commentary on 2 Corinthians 10:14 · Ambrosiasterquotation, high confidenceca. 366–384
2 Cor 10:14Ancoratus 119.15 · Epiphanius of Salamisallusion, medium confidence374
2 Cor 10:14Tractates on the Gospel of John 9.17 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 406–420

2 Corinthians 10:15

Neither do we boast beyond our limits in the labors of others. But we hope that as your faith increases, our area of influence among you will greatly increase as well,

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
2 Cor 10:15Miscellanies 6.18.164 · Clement of Alexandriaquotation, high confidenceca. 198–203
2 Cor 10:15Catechetical Lecture 15.32 · Cyril of Jerusalemquotation, high confidenceca. 350
2 Cor 10:15Defence against the Arians 5 · Athanasius of Alexandriaquotation, high confidenceca. 349–357
2 Cor 10:15Commentary on 2 Corinthians 10:15 · Ambrosiasterquotation, high confidenceca. 366–384

2 Corinthians 10:16

so that we can preach the gospel in the regions beyond you. Then we will not be boasting in the work already done in another man’s territory.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
2 Cor 10:16Miscellanies 6.18.164 · Clement of Alexandriaquotation, high confidenceca. 198–203
2 Cor 10:16Catechetical Lecture 15.32 · Cyril of Jerusalemquotation, high confidenceca. 350
2 Cor 10:16Commentary on 2 Corinthians 10:16 · Ambrosiasterquotation, high confidenceca. 366–384

2 Corinthians 10:17

Rather, “Let him who boasts boast in the Lord.”

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
2 Cor 10:171 Clement 13.1 · Clement of Romeecho, medium confidenceca. 95–97 (range ca. 70–100)
2 Cor 10:17On the Dress of Women 2.3 · Tertullianecho, medium confidenceca. 197–206
2 Cor 10:17Commentary on 2 Corinthians 10:17 · Ambrosiasterquotation, high confidenceca. 366–384
2 Cor 10:17Letter 25.4 · Augustine of Hippoallusion, high confidenceca. 386–430
2 Cor 10:17Letter 155.9 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, medium confidenceca. 386–430
2 Cor 10:17Sermon 50.10 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 391-430
2 Cor 10:17Letters 4.4 · Paulinus of Nolaallusion, high confidenceca. 394–413
2 Cor 10:17On the Trinity 13.18 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 399–419
2 Cor 10:17Tractates on the Gospel of John 14.5 · Augustine of Hippoallusion, medium confidenceca. 406–420
2 Cor 10:17City of God 14.27 · Augustine of Hippoallusion, high confidence413–426
2 Cor 10:17Commentary on Jeremiah 2.82 · Jeromequotation, high confidenceca. 414-419

2 Corinthians 10:18

For it is not the one who commends himself who is approved, but the one whom the Lord commends.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
2 Cor 10:18Exhortation to Martyrdom 35 · Origenquotation, high confidence235
2 Cor 10:18Commentary on 1 Corinthians 4:5 · Ambrosiasterquotation, high confidenceca. 366–384
2 Cor 10:18Commentary on 2 Corinthians 10:18 · Ambrosiasterquotation, high confidenceca. 366–384
2 Cor 10:18Historia monachorum, chapter 1 · Rufinus of Aquileiaquotation, high confidenceGreek original ca. 394-395; Rufinus's Latin ca. 404-406