Exodus 9 in the early church

92 passages quote, allude to, or echo Exodus 9, grouped by verse; passages on the same verse are in date order. Verse text from the Berean Standard Bible (public domain). References use the Protestant English Bible's numbering, with a writer's own numbering in brackets where it differs.

Verses: 1 · 3 · 6 · 7 · 8 · 9 · 10 · 11 · 12 · 13 · 16 · 22 · 23 · 24 · 26 · 27 · 28 · 29 · 30 · 32 · 33 · 35

Exodus 9:1

Then the LORD said to Moses, “Go to Pharaoh and tell him that this is what the LORD, the God of the Hebrews, says: ‘Let My people go, so that they may worship Me.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Exod 9:1Homilies on Exodus 4.4 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
Exod 9:1–12:36On the Life of Moses 309 · Gregory of Nyssaallusion, high confidenceca. 385–395
Exod 9:1–32Exodus, lines 296–318 · Cyprianus Gallusallusion, high confidenceearly 5th cent.

Exodus 9:3

then the hand of the LORD will bring a severe plague on your livestock in the field—on your horses, donkeys, camels, herds, and flocks.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Exod 9:3Preparation for the Gospel 8.10.8 · Eusebius of Caesareaquotation, high confidenceca. 313–324
Exod 9:3Preparation for the Gospel 9.29.12 · Eusebius of Caesareaallusion, high confidenceca. 313–324
Exod 9:3–7Demonstration 15.3 · Aphrahatallusion, high confidence337-345
Exod 9:3–7Oration 16.10 · Gregory of Nazianzusallusion, high confidenceca. 362–383
Exod 9:3–6Sermon 8.5 · Augustine of Hippoallusion, high confidenceca. 391-430
Exod 9:3–6Seven Books of History against the Pagans 7.27.8 · Orosiusallusion, high confidenceca. 417–418

Exodus 9:6

And the next day the LORD did just that. All the livestock of the Egyptians died, but not one animal belonging to the Israelites died.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Exod 9:6Homilies on Exodus 4.3 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
Exod 9:6Homilies on Exodus 4.6 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
Exod 9:6Seven Books of History against the Pagans 1.10.11 · Orosiusallusion, high confidenceca. 417–418
Exod 9:6Part 1, chapter 36 · Quodvultdeus of Carthageallusion, high confidenceca. 445-450

Exodus 9:7

Pharaoh sent officials and found that none of the livestock of the Israelites had died. But Pharaoh’s heart was hardened, and he would not let the people go.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Exod 9:7Homilies on Exodus 4.1 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
Exod 9:7Homilies on Exodus 4.4 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)

Exodus 9:8

Then the LORD said to Moses and Aaron, “Take handfuls of soot from the furnace; in the sight of Pharaoh, Moses is to toss it into the air.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Exod 9:8Preparation for the Gospel 9.29.12 · Eusebius of Caesareaallusion, high confidenceca. 313–324
Exod 9:8–10Oration 16.10 · Gregory of Nazianzusallusion, high confidenceca. 362–383
Exod 9:8–11On the Life of Moses 349 · Gregory of Nyssaallusion, high confidenceca. 385–395
Exod 9:8–10Homily 3 · Gregory of Nyssaallusion, high confidenceca. 390–394
Exod 9:8–10Sermon 8.6 · Augustine of Hippoallusion, high confidenceca. 391-430

Exodus 9:9

It will become fine dust over all the land of Egypt, and festering boils will break out on man and beast throughout the land.”

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Exod 9:9–10Seven Books of History against the Pagans 7.27.9 · Orosiusallusion, high confidenceca. 417–418
Exod 9:9–10Part 1, chapter 36 · Quodvultdeus of Carthageallusion, high confidenceca. 445-450

Exodus 9:10

So they took soot from the furnace and stood before Pharaoh. Moses tossed it into the air, and festering boils broke out on man and beast.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Exod 9:10Homilies on Exodus 4.1 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
Exod 9:10Homilies on Exodus 4.3 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
Exod 9:10Homilies on Exodus 4.6 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
Exod 9:10Preparation for the Gospel 9.27.31 · Eusebius of Caesareaallusion, high confidenceca. 313–324
Exod 9:10On the Duties of the Clergy 3.15 · Ambroseallusion, high confidenceca. 386–390
Exod 9:10Seven Books of History against the Pagans 1.10.11 · Orosiusallusion, high confidenceca. 417–418

Exodus 9:11

The magicians could not stand before Moses, because the boils had broken out on them and on all the Egyptians.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Exod 9:11Homilies on Exodus 4.1 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
Exod 9:11Homilies on Exodus 4.4 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
Exod 9:11Commentary on 2 Timothy 3:8–9 · Ambrosiasterallusion, medium confidenceca. 366–384

Exodus 9:12

But the LORD hardened Pharaoh’s heart, and he would not listen to them, just as the LORD had said to Moses.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Exod 9:12On Prayer 29.16 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 233–234
Exod 9:12Homilies on Exodus 4.1 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
Exod 9:12Commentary on the Song of Songs 2.128 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 240–245 (Rufinus's translation ca. 410)
Exod 9:12Life of Constantine 2.11.2 · Eusebius of Caesareaquotation, medium confidenceca. 337–339
Exod 9:12Tractates on the Psalms 118.16.9 · Hilary of Poitiersallusion, high confidenceca. 360–367
Exod 9:12Letter 85.2 · Jeromeallusion, high confidenceca. 370–419
Exod 9:12On the Life of Moses 347 · Gregory of Nyssaallusion, medium confidenceca. 385–395

Exodus 9:13

Then the LORD said to Moses, “Get up early in the morning, stand before Pharaoh, and tell him that this is what the LORD, the God of the Hebrews, says: ‘Let My people go, so that they may worship Me.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Exod 9:13Homilies on Exodus 4.4 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)

Exodus 9:16

But I have raised you up for this very purpose, that I might display My power to you, and that My name might be proclaimed in all the earth.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Exod 9:16On First Principles 3.1.14 · Origenallusion, medium confidenceca. 220–230 (Rufinus's translation 398)
Exod 9:16Fragments on Genesis, column 83 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 220-254
Exod 9:16Commentary on Matthew, Latin Series 1.144 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 244–249 (Latin translation, 4th–5th century)
Exod 9:16Commentary on Romans 7.16 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406)
Exod 9:16Oration 16.4 · Gregory of Nazianzusallusion, high confidenceca. 362–383
Exod 9:16Commentary on Romans 7:13 · Ambrosiasterallusion, low confidenceca. 366–384
Exod 9:16Commentary on Romans 9:17 · Ambrosiasterquotation, high confidenceca. 366–384
Exod 9:16Letter 120.10 · Jeromequotation, high confidenceca. 370–419
Exod 9:16Book of Heresies 128.1 · Philastrius of Bresciaquotation, high confidenceca. 380s
Exod 9:16Exposition of Psalm 118 10.35.2 · Ambroseallusion, high confidenceca. 386-397
Exod 9:16Exposition of Psalm 118 18.7.4 · Ambrosequotation, high confidenceca. 386-397
Exod 9:16Exposition of Psalm 118 19.10.3 · Ambroseecho, medium confidenceca. 386-397
Exod 9:16Letter 186.17 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 386–430
Exod 9:16Letter 194.39 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 386–430
Exod 9:16Enchiridion (Handbook on Faith, Hope, and Love) 99 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 421–423
Exod 9:16On Grace and Free Will 20 · Augustine of Hippoallusion, high confidenceca. 426

Exodus 9:22

Then the LORD said to Moses, “Stretch out your hand toward heaven, so that hail may fall on all the land of Egypt—on man and beast and every plant of the field throughout the land of Egypt.”

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Exod 9:22–25Sermon 8.7 · Augustine of Hippoallusion, high confidenceca. 391-430

Exodus 9:23

So Moses stretched out his staff toward heaven, and the LORD sent thunder and hail, and lightning struck the earth. So the LORD rained down hail upon the land of Egypt.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Exod 9:23Homilies on Exodus 4.3 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
Exod 9:23Homilies on Exodus 4.7 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
Exod 9:23Commentary on the Song of Songs 3.226 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 240–245 (Rufinus's translation ca. 410)
Exod 9:23Preparation for the Gospel 9.27.33 · Eusebius of Caesareaallusion, high confidenceca. 313–324
Exod 9:23Preparation for the Gospel 9.29.12 · Eusebius of Caesareaallusion, high confidenceca. 313–324
Exod 9:23Preparation for the Gospel 10.10.22 · Eusebius of Caesareaallusion, medium confidenceca. 313–324
Exod 9:23–24Demonstration 14.36 · Aphrahatallusion, high confidence337-345
Exod 9:23–25Demonstration 15.3 · Aphrahatallusion, high confidence337-345
Exod 9:23On the Duties of the Clergy 3.15 · Ambroseallusion, high confidenceca. 386–390
Exod 9:23–24Homily 3 · Gregory of Nyssaallusion, high confidenceca. 390–394
Exod 9:23–25Seven Books of History against the Pagans 7.27.10 · Orosiusallusion, high confidenceca. 417–418
Exod 9:23–25Part 1, chapter 36 · Quodvultdeus of Carthageallusion, high confidenceca. 445-450

Exodus 9:24

The hail fell and the lightning continued flashing through it. The hail was so severe that nothing like it had ever been seen in all the land of Egypt from the time it became a nation.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Exod 9:24Homilies on Exodus 4.7 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
Exod 9:24Catechetical Lecture 9.5 · Cyril of Jerusalemallusion, high confidenceca. 350
Exod 9:24Panarion (Adversus Haereses), Haer. 1-64 64.69.2 · Epiphanius of Salamisallusion, high confidence374-377
Exod 9:24Seven Books of History against the Pagans 1.10.12 · Orosiusallusion, high confidenceca. 417–418

Exodus 9:26

The only place where it did not hail was in the land of Goshen, where the Israelites lived.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Exod 9:26Letter 143.1 · Augustine of Hippoallusion, medium confidenceca. 386–430

Exodus 9:27

Then Pharaoh summoned Moses and Aaron. “This time I have sinned,” he said. “The LORD is righteous, and I and my people are wicked.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Exod 9:27On Prayer 3.3 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 233–234
Exod 9:27On Prayer 29.16 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 233–234
Exod 9:27Homilies on Exodus 4.4 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
Exod 9:27Commentary on Romans 5.5 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406)
Exod 9:27Commentary on Romans 6.8 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406)
Exod 9:27–28Against Novatian 12 · Anonymousallusion, medium confidenceafter 251 (disputed)
Exod 9:27–28Against the Manichees, Greek continuation of book 3, Lagarde p. 74 · Titus of Bostraallusion, high confidenceca. 360s
Exod 9:27Letter 121.8 · Jeromequotation, high confidenceca. 370–419
Exod 9:27–28Book of Heresies 128.4 · Philastrius of Bresciaallusion, medium confidenceca. 380s

Exodus 9:28

Pray to the LORD, for there has been enough of God’s thunder and hail. I will let you go; you do not need to stay any longer.”

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Exod 9:28On Prayer 3.3 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 233–234
Exod 9:28Homilies on Exodus 4.4 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)

Exodus 9:29

Moses said to him, “When I have left the city, I will spread out my hands to the LORD. The thunder will cease, and there will be no more hail, so that you may know that the earth is the LORD’s.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Exod 9:29Eclogae on Exodus-Judges, column 281 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 220-254
Exod 9:29Eclogae on Exodus-Judges, column 283 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 220-254

Exodus 9:30

But as for you and your officials, I know that you still do not fear the LORD our God.”

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Exod 9:30Eclogae on Exodus-Judges, column 281 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 220-254

Exodus 9:32

but the wheat and spelt were not destroyed, because they are late crops.)

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Exod 9:32Fragment 5 · Peter of Alexandriaquotation, high confidenceca. 300–311

Exodus 9:33

Then Moses departed from Pharaoh, went out of the city, and spread out his hands to the LORD. The thunder and hail ceased, and the rain no longer poured down on the land.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Exod 9:33On Prayer 3.3 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 233–234
Exod 9:33On the Trinity 7.10 · Hilary of Poitiersallusion, medium confidenceca. 356–360
Exod 9:33–35Exodus, lines 319–347 · Cyprianus Gallusallusion, high confidenceearly 5th cent.

Exodus 9:35

So Pharaoh’s heart was hardened, and he would not let the Israelites go, just as the LORD had said through Moses.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Exod 9:35Homilies on Exodus 4.1 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)