Genesis 25 in the early church
280 passages quote, allude to, or echo Genesis 25, grouped by verse; passages on the same verse are in date order. Verse text from the Berean Standard Bible (public domain). References use the Protestant English Bible's numbering, with a writer's own numbering in brackets where it differs.
Verses: 1 · 2 · 3 · 4 · 5 · 6 · 7 · 8 · 9 · 10 · 13 · 14 · 15 · 18 · 20 · 21 · 22 · 23 · 24 · 25 · 26 · 27 · 28 · 29 · 30 · 31 · 32 · 33 · 34
Genesis 25:1
Now Abraham had taken another wife, named Keturah,
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gen 25:1 | Miscellanies 2.19.99 · Clement of Alexandria | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Gen 25:1 | Arabic Pentateuch fragment XVIII (on Num 22:5) · Hippolytus of Rome | allusion, high confidence | unknown (transmitted in a medieval Arabic catena) |
| Gen 25:1 | Fragments on Genesis, column 119 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 220-254 |
| Gen 25:1–2 | Fragment 14 · Julius Africanus | allusion, high confidence | after 221 |
| Gen 25:1 | Fragment on 1 Corinthians (Jenkins § 35, part 1) · Origen | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 226-254 |
| Gen 25:1 | Commentary on John 20.67 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 230–248 |
| Gen 25:1 | Homilies on Joshua 18.3 · Origen | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Gen 25:1 | Commentary on Matthew 17.33 · Origen | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 246–248 |
| Gen 25:1 | Commentary on Romans 4.5 · Origen | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Gen 25:1 | Commentary on Romans 4.6 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Gen 25:1 | Homilies 2.52 · Anonymous | allusion, medium confidence | 4th century (reworking earlier material) |
| Gen 25:1 | Preparation for the Gospel 9.20.3 · Eusebius of Caesarea | allusion, high confidence | ca. 313–324 |
| Gen 25:1 | Preparation for the Gospel 9.29.2 · Eusebius of Caesarea | allusion, high confidence | ca. 313–324 |
| Gen 25:1 | Letter 22.21 · Jerome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| Gen 25:1 | On Cain and Abel 1.23 · Ambrose | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 375-378 |
| Gen 25:1–24 | Genesis, lines 775–798 · Cyprianus Gallus | allusion, high confidence | early 5th cent. |
| Gen 25:1–2 | City of God 16.28 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | 413–426 |
| Gen 25:1 | City of God 16.34 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | 413–426 |
| Gen 25:1–4 | Instructions 2.4 · Eucherius of Lyon | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 428-434 |
Genesis 25:2
and she bore him Zimran, Jokshan, Medan, Midian, Ishbak, and Shuah.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gen 25:2 | Fragments on Genesis, column 119 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 220-254 |
| Gen 25:2 | Fragments on Genesis, column 121 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 220-254 |
| Gen 25:2 | Commentary on Romans 4.6 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Gen 25:2 | Preparation for the Gospel 9.20.3 · Eusebius of Caesarea | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 313–324 |
| Gen 25:2 | Preparation for the Gospel 9.29.1 · Eusebius of Caesarea | allusion, high confidence | ca. 313–324 |
| Gen 25:2 | Preparation for the Gospel 9.29.2 · Eusebius of Caesarea | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 313–324 |
| Gen 25:2 | Panarion (Adversus Haereses), Haer. 1-64 4.1.6 · Epiphanius of Salamis | allusion, high confidence | 374-377 |
Genesis 25:3
Jokshan was the father of Sheba and Dedan. And the sons of Dedan were the Asshurites, the Letushites, and the Leummites.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gen 25:3 | Arabic Pentateuch fragment XVIII (on Num 22:5) · Hippolytus of Rome | allusion, medium confidence | unknown (transmitted in a medieval Arabic catena) |
| Gen 25:3 | Fragments on Genesis, column 121 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 220-254 |
| Gen 25:3 | Preparation for the Gospel 9.29.1 · Eusebius of Caesarea | allusion, high confidence | ca. 313–324 |
Genesis 25:4
The sons of Midian were Ephah, Epher, Hanoch, Abida, and Eldaah. All these were descendants of Keturah.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gen 25:4 | Fragments on Genesis, column 121 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 220-254 |
Genesis 25:5
Abraham left everything he owned to Isaac.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gen 25:5 | Miscellanies 2.19.99 · Clement of Alexandria | allusion, high confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Gen 25:5 | On the Psalms, fragment 1 · Hippolytus of Rome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 200–235 |
| Gen 25:5 | Commentary on Romans 7.2 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Gen 25:5–6 | Demonstration 11.10 · Aphrahat | allusion, high confidence | 337-345 |
| Gen 25:5 | Panarion (Adversus Haereses), Haer. 1-64 4.1.5 · Epiphanius of Salamis | allusion, medium confidence | 374-377 |
| Gen 25:5–6 | On Cain and Abel 1.23 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 375-378 |
| Gen 25:5–6 | City of God 16.34 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | 413–426 |
| Gen 25:5 | On Patience 25 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 415 |
Genesis 25:6
But while he was still alive, Abraham gave gifts to the sons of his concubines and sent them away from his son Isaac to the land of the east.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gen 25:6 | Miscellanies 2.19.99 · Clement of Alexandria | allusion, high confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Gen 25:6 | Commentary on Romans 7.2 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Gen 25:6 | Preparation for the Gospel 9.29.3 · Eusebius of Caesarea | allusion, high confidence | ca. 313–324 |
| Gen 25:6 | Demonstration 11.9 · Aphrahat | allusion, high confidence | 337-345 |
| Gen 25:6 | On Patience 25 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 415 |
Genesis 25:7
Abraham lived a total of 175 years.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gen 25:7 | Letter 73.5 · Jerome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| Gen 25:7 | Against Jovinianus 2.26 · Jerome | allusion, high confidence | 393 |
| Gen 25:7 | City of God 15.14 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | 413–426 |
| Gen 25:7 | City of God 16.34 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | 413–426 |
| Gen 25:7 | City of God 18.3 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | 413–426 |
Genesis 25:8
And at a ripe old age he breathed his last and died, old and contented, and was gathered to his people.
Genesis 25:9
His sons Isaac and Ishmael buried him in the cave of Machpelah near Mamre, in the field of Ephron son of Zohar the Hittite.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gen 25:9 | Fragment on 1 Corinthians (Jenkins § 35, part 1) · Origen | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 226-254 |
| Gen 25:9 | On Widows, chapter 15 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 377 |
Genesis 25:10
This was the field that Abraham had bought from the Hittites. Abraham was buried there with his wife Sarah.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gen 25:10 | On Ecclesiastical Theology 3.2.22 · Eusebius of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 337–339 |
| Gen 25:10 | On Widows, chapter 15 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 377 |
Genesis 25:13
These are the names of the sons of Ishmael in the order of their birth: Nebaioth the firstborn of Ishmael, then Kedar, Adbeel, Mibsam,
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gen 25:13 | Fragments on Genesis, column 121 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 220-254 |
| Gen 25:13 | Commentary on the Song of Songs 2.114 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 240–245 (Rufinus's translation ca. 410) |
| Gen 25:13 | Preparation for the Gospel 9.19.2 · Eusebius of Caesarea | echo, low confidence | ca. 313–324 |
| Gen 25:13 | Tractates on the Psalms 119.20 · Hilary of Poitiers | quotation, high confidence | ca. 360–367 |
| Gen 25:13 | Book of Rules 2 · Tyconius | allusion, high confidence | ca. 380 |
| Gen 25:13 | Panarion (Adversus Haereses), Haer. 1-64 4.1.7 · Epiphanius of Salamis | allusion, high confidence | 374-377 |
| Gen 25:13 | On Christian Doctrine 3.32 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, medium confidence | Books 1–3 ca. 396–397; completed 426–427 |
| Gen 25:13 | Instructions 2.4 · Eucherius of Lyon | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 428-434 |
Genesis 25:14
Mishma, Dumah, Massa,
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gen 25:14 | Fragments on Genesis, column 121 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 220-254 |
Genesis 25:15
Hadad, Tema, Jetur, Naphish, and Kedemah.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gen 25:15 | Fragments on Genesis, column 121 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 220-254 |
Genesis 25:18
Ishmael’s descendants settled from Havilah to Shur, which is near the border of Egypt as you go toward Asshur. And they lived in hostility toward all their brothers.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gen 25:18 | Fragments on Genesis, column 121 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 220-254 |
Genesis 25:20
and Isaac was forty years old when he married Rebekah, the daughter of Bethuel the Aramean from Paddan-aram and the sister of Laban the Aramean.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gen 25:20 | Commentary on Romans 4.6 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Gen 25:20 | On Virginity 8 · Gregory of Nyssa | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 370–371 |
| Gen 25:20 | Homilies on Matthew 59.6 · John Chrysostom | allusion, high confidence | ca. 390 |
| Gen 25:20 | City of God 16.33 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | 413–426 |
Genesis 25:21
Later, Isaac prayed to the LORD on behalf of his wife, because she was barren. And the LORD heard his prayer, and his wife Rebekah conceived.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gen 25:21 | Epistle of Barnabas 13.2 · Anonymous | quotation, high confidence | ca. 70–135 (often ca. 130) |
| Gen 25:21 | Preparation for the Gospel 7.8.25 · Eusebius of Caesarea | allusion, high confidence | ca. 313–324 |
| Gen 25:21 | Demonstration 4.4 · Aphrahat | allusion, high confidence | 337-345 |
| Gen 25:21 | Demonstration 18.1 · Aphrahat | allusion, high confidence | 337-345 |
| Gen 25:21 | Letter 123.12 · Jerome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| Gen 25:21 | Exposition of Psalm 118 20.6.1 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 386-397 |
| Gen 25:21 | Exposition of Psalm 118 20.6.2 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 386-397 |
| Gen 25:21–22 | City of God 16.35 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | 413–426 |
| Gen 25:21 | Sermon 90 · Peter Chrysologus | allusion, high confidence | ca. 425-450 |
| Gen 25:21–26 | Part 1, chapter 20 · Quodvultdeus of Carthage | quotation, high confidence | ca. 445-450 |
Genesis 25:22
But the children inside her struggled with each other, and she said, “Why is this happening to me?” So Rebekah went to inquire of the LORD,
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gen 25:22 | Epistle of Barnabas 13.2 · Anonymous | quotation, high confidence | ca. 70–135 (often ca. 130) |
| Gen 25:22–26 | On the Soul 26 · Tertullian | allusion, high confidence | ca. 210 |
| Gen 25:22 | On First Principles 1.7.4 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 220–230 (Rufinus's translation 398) |
| Gen 25:22 | On First Principles 2.9.5 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 220–230 (Rufinus's translation 398) |
| Gen 25:22–26 | On First Principles 3.4.2 · Origen | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 220–230 (Rufinus's translation 398) |
| Gen 25:22 | PG 12:1255 (Ps 21 LXX) · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 220-254 |
| Gen 25:22–26 | Homilies on Psalms 36-38 4.2 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Gen 25:22–23 | Letter 65.1 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| Gen 25:22 | Letter 123.12 · Jerome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| Gen 25:22 | Letter 125.15 · Jerome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| Gen 25:22 | Book of Rules 3 · Tyconius | allusion, high confidence | ca. 380 |
| Gen 25:22–23 | On Cain and Abel 1.4 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 375-378 |
| Gen 25:22 | Eleven Tractates 7.116 · Priscillian | allusion, high confidence | ca. 380–385 |
| Gen 25:22 | Eleven Tractates 10.134 · Priscillian | quotation, high confidence | ca. 380–385 |
| Gen 25:22 | Exposition of Psalm 118 20.6.2 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 386-397 |
| Gen 25:22 | Letter 186.13 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | ca. 386–430 |
| Gen 25:22 | Letter 187.24 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | ca. 386–430 |
| Gen 25:22–23 | Sermon 5.4 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 391-430 |
| Gen 25:22–23 | Against Jovinianus 1.5 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | 393 |
| Gen 25:22 | Poem 15, lines 64–94 · Paulinus of Nola | allusion, high confidence | ca. 393–431 |
| Gen 25:22 | Tractates on the Gospel of John 11.10 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | ca. 406–420 |
| Gen 25:22 | Sermon 68 · Peter Chrysologus | allusion, high confidence | ca. 425-450 |
| Gen 25:22 | Sermon 70 · Peter Chrysologus | allusion, high confidence | ca. 425-450 |
| Gen 25:22 | Sermon 72 · Peter Chrysologus | allusion, high confidence | ca. 425-450 |
| Gen 25:22–26 | Sermon 154 · Peter Chrysologus | allusion, high confidence | ca. 425-450 |
| Gen 25:22 | Part 5, chapter 14 · Quodvultdeus of Carthage | allusion, high confidence | ca. 445-450 |
Genesis 25:23
and He declared to her: “Two nations are in your womb, and two peoples from within you will be separated; one people will be stronger than the other, and the older will serve the younger.”
Genesis 25:24
When her time came to give birth, there were indeed twins in her womb.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gen 25:24 | Preparation for the Gospel 7.8.25 · Eusebius of Caesarea | allusion, high confidence | ca. 313–324 |
| Gen 25:24–26 | Demonstration of the Gospel 1.9.17 · Eusebius of Caesarea | allusion, high confidence | ca. 314–324 |
| Gen 25:24–26 | On Christian Doctrine 2.22 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | Books 1–3 ca. 396–397; completed 426–427 |
| Gen 25:24 | Confessions 7.10 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | ca. 397–401 |
| Gen 25:24 | Tractates on the Gospel of John 11.10 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 406–420 |
| Gen 25:24 | Verses on the Birthday of the Maccabees 151–180 · Hilary of Arles | allusion, high confidence | ca. 430-449 |
Genesis 25:25
The first one came out red, covered with hair like a fur coat; so they named him Esau.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gen 25:25 | On Mount Sinai and Mount Zion 6 · Anonymous | allusion, high confidence | 3rd cent. (disputed) |
| Gen 25:25 | Eclogae on 1 Kingdoms, column 993 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 220-254 |
| Gen 25:25 | PG 12:1253 (Ps 20–21 LXX) · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 220-254 |
| Gen 25:25 | Homilies 2.16 · Anonymous | allusion, medium confidence | 4th century (reworking earlier material) |
| Gen 25:25 | Catechetical Lecture 15.25 · Cyril of Jerusalem | allusion, high confidence | ca. 350 |
| Gen 25:25 | Letter 60.8 · Jerome | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| Gen 25:25 | Panarion (Adversus Haereses), Haer. 1-64 4.1.8 · Epiphanius of Salamis | allusion, high confidence | 374-377 |
| Gen 25:25 | Sermon 4.14 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | ca. 391-430 |
| Gen 25:25–26 | Sermon 122.3 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | ca. 391-430 |
| Gen 25:25–34 | Genesis, lines 799–823 · Cyprianus Gallus | allusion, high confidence | early 5th cent. |
Genesis 25:26
After this, his brother came out grasping Esau’s heel; so he was named Jacob. And Isaac was sixty years old when the twins were born.
Genesis 25:27
When the boys grew up, Esau became a skillful hunter, a man of the field, while Jacob was a quiet man who stayed at home.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gen 25:27 | Fragments on Luke, column 335 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 220-254 |
| Gen 25:27 | Homilies on Leviticus 15.2 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Gen 25:27 | Commentary on Romans 7.17 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Gen 25:27 | Demonstration 9.13 · Aphrahat | allusion, high confidence | 337-345 |
| Gen 25:27 | Life of Antony 1 · Athanasius of Alexandria | allusion, high confidence | ca. 357–360 |
| Gen 25:27 | Homilies on the Psalms 48.6 · Basil of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 360-378 |
| Gen 25:27 | Hexaemeron 7.3 · Basil of Caesarea | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370 |
| Gen 25:27 | Homilies 12.11 · Basil of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 363-378 |
| Gen 25:27 | Letter 36.15 · Jerome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| Gen 25:27 | On Jacob and the Happy Life 2.8 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 386-390 |
| Gen 25:27 | On the Duties of the Clergy 1.33 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 386–390 |
| Gen 25:27 | Exposition of Psalm 118 8.43.3 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 386-397 |
| Gen 25:27 | Sermon 4.15 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 391-430 |
| Gen 25:27 | Sermon 89.5 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 391-430 |
| Gen 25:27 | City of God 16.37 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | 413–426 |
Genesis 25:28
Because Isaac had a taste for wild game, he loved Esau; but Rebekah loved Jacob.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gen 25:28 | On Jacob and the Happy Life 2.5 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 386-390 |
| Gen 25:28 | On Jacob and the Happy Life 2.7 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 386-390 |
| Gen 25:28 | Sermon 4.11 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | ca. 391-430 |
| Gen 25:28 | Literal Commentary on Genesis 2.17 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | ca. 401–415 |
| Gen 25:28 | City of God 5.4 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | 413–426 |
Genesis 25:29
One day, while Jacob was cooking some stew, Esau came in from the field and was famished.
Genesis 25:30
He said to Jacob, “Let me eat some of that red stew, for I am famished.” (That is why he was also called Edom.)
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gen 25:30 | On Fasting 17 · Tertullian | allusion, high confidence | ca. 210–220 |
| Gen 25:30 | Treatise on the Mysteries 1.20.1 · Hilary of Poitiers | quotation, high confidence | ca. 360–366 |
| Gen 25:30 | Treatise on the Mysteries 1.20.2 · Hilary of Poitiers | quotation, high confidence | ca. 360–366 |
| Gen 25:30 | Exposition of Psalm 118 20.6.1 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 386-397 |
| Gen 25:30 | City of God 16.35 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, medium confidence | 413–426 |
Genesis 25:31
“First sell me your birthright,” Jacob replied.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gen 25:31–34 | Commentary on Jeremiah 6.15 · Jerome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 414-419 |
Genesis 25:32
“Look,” said Esau, “I am about to die, so what good is a birthright to me?”
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gen 25:32 | Treatise on the Mysteries 1.20.2 · Hilary of Poitiers | quotation, high confidence | ca. 360–366 |
| Gen 25:32 | Treatise on the Mysteries 1.20.3 · Hilary of Poitiers | quotation, high confidence | ca. 360–366 |
| Gen 25:32 | On Cain and Abel 1.12 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 375-378 |
Genesis 25:33
“Swear to me first,” Jacob said. So Esau swore to Jacob and sold him the birthright.
Genesis 25:34
Then Jacob gave some bread and lentil stew to Esau, who ate and drank and then got up and went away. Thus Esau despised his birthright.