Jeremiah 23 in the early church
[Vulgate: Jeremias]
179 passages quote, allude to, or echo Jeremiah 23, grouped by verse; passages on the same verse are in date order. Verse text from the Berean Standard Bible (public domain). References use the Protestant English Bible's numbering, with a writer's own numbering in brackets where it differs.
Verses: 1 · 2 · 5 · 6 · 7 · 8 · 9 · 13 · 14 · 15 · 16 · 17 · 18 · 19 · 20 · 21 · 22 · 23 · 24 · 25 · 28 · 29 · 30 · 33 · 36
Jeremiah 23:1
“Woe to the shepherds who destroy and scatter the sheep of My pasture!” declares the LORD.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Jer 23:1 | On Dice-Players 2 · Anonymous | quotation, medium confidence | 3rd cent. (disputed) |
| Jer 23:1 | On Flight in Persecution 11 · Tertullian | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 208–213 |
| Jer 23:1 | Demonstration 14.25 · Aphrahat | quotation, high confidence | 337-345 |
| Jer 23:1 | Oration 2.38 · Gregory of Nazianzus | quotation, high confidence | ca. 362–383 |
| Jer 23:1 | Oration 19.9 · Gregory of Nazianzus | allusion, high confidence | ca. 362–383 |
| Jer 23:1–6 | Commentary on Jeremiah 4.42 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 414-419 |
Jeremiah 23:2
Therefore this is what the LORD, the God of Israel, says about the shepherds who tend My people: “You have scattered My flock and driven them away, and have not attended to them. Behold, I will attend to you for the evil of your deeds, declares the LORD.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Jer 23:2 | Oration 2.38 · Gregory of Nazianzus | quotation, high confidence | ca. 362–383 |
Jeremiah 23:5
Behold, the days are coming, declares the LORD, when I will raise up for David a righteous Branch, and He will reign wisely as King and will administer justice and righteousness in the land.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Jer 23:5 | Against Heresies 3.16.3 · Irenaeus of Lyons | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 180–190 |
| Jer 23:5–6 | Refutation of All Heresies 9.30.7 · Hippolytus of Rome | echo, medium confidence | ca. 222–235 |
| Jer 23:5 | Prophetic Extracts 3.36 · Eusebius of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | before 325 (probably ca. 310–320) |
| Jer 23:5–6 | Demonstration of the Gospel 7.3.37 · Eusebius of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 314–324 |
| Jer 23:5 | Demonstration of the Gospel 7.3.40 · Eusebius of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 314–324 |
| Jer 23:5 | Tractates on the Psalms 131.1 · Hilary of Poitiers | quotation, high confidence | ca. 360–367 |
| Jer 23:5 | Tractates on the Psalms 141.1 · Hilary of Poitiers | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 360–367 |
| Jer 23:5 | City of God 18.33 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | 413–426 |
Jeremiah 23:6
In His days Judah will be saved, and Israel will dwell securely. And this is His name by which He will be called: The LORD Our Righteousness.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Jer 23:6 | Prophetic Extracts 3.36 · Eusebius of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | before 325 (probably ca. 310–320) |
| Jer 23:6 | Demonstration of the Gospel 7.3.47 · Eusebius of Caesarea | allusion, high confidence | ca. 314–324 |
| Jer 23:6 | Demonstration of the Gospel 7.3.48 · Eusebius of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 314–324 |
| Jer 23:6 | Demonstration of the Gospel 7.3.49 · Eusebius of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 314–324 |
| Jer 23:6 | Tractates on the Psalms 131.1 · Hilary of Poitiers | quotation, high confidence | ca. 360–367 |
| Jer 23:6 | City of God 18.33 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | 413–426 |
Jeremiah 23:7
So behold, the days are coming, declares the LORD, when they will no longer say, ‘As surely as the LORD lives, who brought the Israelites up out of the land of Egypt.’
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Jer 23:7 | Against Heresies 5.34.1 · Irenaeus of Lyons | quotation, high confidence | ca. 180–190 |
| Jer 23:7–8 | Commentary on Jeremiah 4.46 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 414-419 |
Jeremiah 23:8
Instead they will say, ‘As surely as the LORD lives, who brought and led the descendants of the house of Israel up out of the land of the north and all the other lands to which He had banished them.’ Then they will dwell once more in their own land.”
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Jer 23:8 | Against Heresies 5.34.1 · Irenaeus of Lyons | quotation, high confidence | ca. 180–190 |
Jeremiah 23:9
As for the prophets: My heart is broken within me, and all my bones tremble. I have become like a drunkard, like a man overcome by wine, because of the LORD, because of His holy words.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Jer 23:9 | Commentary on Jeremiah 4.47 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 414-419 |
| Jer 23:9–12 | Commentary on Jeremiah 4.48 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 414-419 |
Jeremiah 23:13
“Among the prophets of Samaria I saw an offensive thing: They prophesied by Baal and led My people Israel astray.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Jer 23:13–14 | Commentary on Jeremiah 4.47 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 414-419 |
| Jer 23:13 | Commentary on Jeremiah 4.51 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 414-419 |
Jeremiah 23:14
And among the prophets of Jerusalem I have seen a horrible thing: They commit adultery and walk in lies. They strengthen the hands of evildoers, so that no one turns his back on wickedness. They are all like Sodom to Me; the people of Jerusalem are like Gomorrah.”
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Jer 23:14 | Commentary on Jeremiah 4.52 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 414-419 |
Jeremiah 23:15
Therefore this is what the LORD of Hosts says concerning the prophets: “I will feed them wormwood and give them poisoned water to drink, for from the prophets of Jerusalem ungodliness has spread throughout the land.”
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Jer 23:15 | Demonstration 12.4 · Aphrahat | quotation, high confidence | 337-345 |
| Jer 23:15 | Demonstration 14.25 · Aphrahat | quotation, high confidence | 337-345 |
| Jer 23:15 | Demonstration 19.5 · Aphrahat | quotation, high confidence | 337-345 |
| Jer 23:15 | Long recension, Philadelphians 2 · Anonymous | quotation, high confidence | later 4th century (probable) |
| Jer 23:15 | Apostolic Constitutions 6.5.1 · Anonymous | quotation, high confidence | ca. 380 |
| Jer 23:15–17 | Commentary on Jeremiah 4.53 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 414-419 |
Jeremiah 23:16
This is what the LORD of Hosts says: “Do not listen to the words of the prophets who prophesy to you. They are filling you with false hopes. They speak visions from their own minds, not from the mouth of the LORD.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Jer 23:16–17 | Letter 43.5 · Cyprian of Carthage | quotation, high confidence | 249/250–258 |
| Jer 23:16–17 | On the Unity of the Catholic Church 11 · Cyprian of Carthage | quotation, high confidence | 251 |
| Jer 23:16 | On the Christian Life 13 · Fastidius | quotation, high confidence | ca. 411-430 |
| Jer 23:16 | Celestine, ACO I.2, letter 5.3 · Celestine I, bishop of Rome | allusion, high confidence | 430-432 |
Jeremiah 23:17
They keep saying to those who despise Me, ‘The LORD says that you will have peace,’ and to everyone who walks in the stubbornness of his own heart, ‘No harm will come to you.’
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Jer 23:17 | On the Christian Life 13 · Fastidius | quotation, high confidence | ca. 411-430 |
| Jer 23:17 | Commentary on Jeremiah 4.55 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 414-419 |
Jeremiah 23:18
But which of them has stood in the council of the LORD to see and hear His word? Who has given heed to His word and obeyed it?
Jeremiah 23:19
Behold, the storm of the LORD has gone out with fury, a whirlwind swirling down upon the heads of the wicked.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Jer 23:19–20 | Commentary on Jeremiah 4.56 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 414-419 |
Jeremiah 23:20
The anger of the LORD will not turn back until He has fully accomplished the purposes of His heart. In the days to come you will understand this clearly.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Jer 23:20 | Against Heresies 4.26.1 · Irenaeus of Lyons | quotation, high confidence | ca. 180–190 |
| Jer 23:20 | To Quirinus 1.4 · Cyprian of Carthage | quotation, high confidence | ca. 248–250 (book 3 perhaps later) |
Jeremiah 23:21
I did not send these prophets, yet they have run with their message; I did not speak to them, yet they have prophesied.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Jer 23:21 | Commentary on John 20.160 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 230–248 |
| Jer 23:21 | Commentary on Romans 5.8 · Origen | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Jer 23:21–22 | On the Unity of the Catholic Church 11 · Cyprian of Carthage | quotation, high confidence | 251 |
| Jer 23:21 | Letter 12 · Ammonas | quotation, high confidence | ca. 340-360 |
| Jer 23:21 | Against Faustus the Manichaean 16.12 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, low confidence | ca. 398–400 |
| Jer 23:21–24 | Commentary on Jeremiah 4.57 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 414-419 |
Jeremiah 23:22
But if they had stood in My council, they would have proclaimed My words to My people and turned them back from their evil ways and deeds.”
Jeremiah 23:23
“Am I only a God nearby,” declares the LORD, “and not a God far away?”
Jeremiah 23:24
“Can a man hide in secret places where I cannot see him?” declares the LORD. “Do I not fill the heavens and the earth?” declares the LORD.
Jeremiah 23:25
“I have heard the sayings of the prophets who prophesy lies in My name: ‘I had a dream! I had a dream!’
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Jer 23:25–27 | Commentary on Jeremiah 4.59 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 414-419 |
Jeremiah 23:28
Let the prophet who has a dream retell it, but let him who has My word speak it truthfully. For what is straw compared to grain?” declares the LORD.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Jer 23:28–32 | Letter 63.18 · Cyprian of Carthage | quotation, high confidence | 249/250–258 |
| Jer 23:28 | Letter 122.3 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| Jer 23:28 | Against the Letter of Parmenian 3.17 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 400 |
| Jer 23:28 | Against the Letter of Parmenian 3.18 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 400 |
| Jer 23:28 | Against the Letter of Parmenian 3.19 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 400 |
| Jer 23:28 | Against the Letter of Parmenian 3.23 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 400 |
| Jer 23:28–29 | Commentary on Jeremiah 4.60 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 414-419 |
| Jer 23:28 | Formulae of Spiritual Understanding 3 · Eucherius of Lyon | quotation, high confidence | ca. 420-430 |
Jeremiah 23:29
“Is not My word like fire,” declares the LORD, “and like a hammer that smashes a rock?”
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Jer 23:29 | Against Heresies 5.17.4 · Irenaeus of Lyons | quotation, high confidence | ca. 180–190 |
| Jer 23:29 | Didascalia 6.23 · Anonymous | quotation, high confidence | first half of the third century |
| Jer 23:29 | Oration II Against the Arians 39 · Athanasius of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 339–346 |
| Jer 23:29 | Oration 43.30 · Gregory of Nazianzus | allusion, high confidence | ca. 362–383 |
| Jer 23:29 | Letters 39.3 · Paulinus of Nola | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 394–413 |
| Jer 23:29 | On Christian Doctrine 4.14 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | Books 1–3 ca. 396–397; completed 426–427 |
Jeremiah 23:30
“Therefore behold,” declares the LORD, “I am against the prophets who steal from one another words they attribute to Me.”
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Jer 23:30 | On Christian Doctrine 4.29 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | Books 1–3 ca. 396–397; completed 426–427 |
| Jer 23:30–32 | Commentary on Jeremiah 4.61 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 414-419 |
Jeremiah 23:33
“Now when this people or a prophet or priest asks you, ‘What is the burden of the LORD?’ you are to say to them, ‘What burden? I will forsake you, declares the LORD.’
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Jer 23:33–36 | Commentary on Jeremiah 4.62 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 414-419 |
Jeremiah 23:36
But refer no more to the burden of the LORD, for each man’s word becomes the burden, so that you pervert the words of the living God, the LORD of Hosts, our God.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Jer 23:36–40 | Commentary on Jeremiah 4.63 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 414-419 |