Numbers 22 in the early church

108 passages quote, allude to, or echo Numbers 22, grouped by verse; passages on the same verse are in date order. Verse text from the Berean Standard Bible (public domain). References use the Protestant English Bible's numbering, with a writer's own numbering in brackets where it differs.

Verses: 1 · 2 · 4 · 5 · 6 · 7 · 8 · 9 · 10 · 11 · 12 · 15 · 18 · 19 · 20 · 21 · 22 · 23 · 24 · 25 · 27 · 28 · 32 · 33 · 35 · 38

Numbers 22:1

Then the Israelites traveled on and camped in the plains of Moab near the Jordan, across from Jericho.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Num 22:1Homilies on Numbers 13.4 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
Num 22:1–24:25Question 63, section 1 · Ambrosiasterallusion, medium confidenceca. 370–384
Num 22:1–24:25On the Life of Moses 325 · Gregory of Nyssaallusion, high confidenceca. 385–395
Num 22:1–20Numbers, lines 571–596 · Cyprianus Gallusallusion, high confidenceearly 5th cent.
Num 22:1–24:25Chapter 8 · Prosper of Aquitaineallusion, high confidenceca. 432-433

Numbers 22:2

Now Balak son of Zippor saw all that Israel had done to the Amorites,

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Num 22:2Homilies on Numbers 13.4 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
Num 22:2–21Part 2, chapter 12 · Quodvultdeus of Carthageallusion, high confidenceca. 445-450

Numbers 22:4

So the Moabites said to the elders of Midian, “This horde will devour everything around us, as an ox licks up the grass of the field.” Since Balak son of Zippor was king of Moab at that time,

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Num 22:4Eclogae on Exodus-Judges, column 575 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 220-254
Num 22:4Homilies on Exodus 11.4 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
Num 22:4Homilies on Joshua 16.5 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
Num 22:4Homilies on Numbers 13.5 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)

Numbers 22:5

he sent messengers to summon Balaam son of Beor at Pethor, which is by the Euphrates in the land of his people. “Behold, a people has come out of Egypt,” said Balak. “They cover the face of the land and have settled next to me.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Num 22:5Arabic Pentateuch fragment XVIII (on Num 22:5) · Hippolytus of Romeallusion, high confidenceunknown (transmitted in a medieval Arabic catena)
Num 22:5Eclogae on Exodus-Judges, column 575 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 220-254
Num 22:5–7Fragment 84 on John 11:51 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 226-254
Num 22:5Homilies on Numbers 13.4 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
Num 22:5–6Demonstration 11.9 · Aphrahatallusion, high confidence337-345
Num 22:5Letter 78.43 · Jeromeallusion, high confidenceca. 370–419
Num 22:5–6Book of Heresies 25.1 · Philastrius of Bresciaallusion, high confidenceca. 380s
Num 22:5–6Pilgrimage (Itinerarium) 12.10 · Egeriaallusion, medium confidenceca. 381-395
Num 22:5–7On the Life of Moses 419 · Gregory of Nyssaallusion, high confidenceca. 385–395

Numbers 22:6

So please come now and put a curse on this people, because they are too mighty for me. Perhaps I may be able to defeat them and drive them out of the land; for I know that those you bless are blessed, and those you curse are cursed.”

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Num 22:6Homilies on Numbers 13.4 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
Num 22:6Homilies on Numbers 13.5 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
Num 22:6Homilies on Numbers 13.6 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)

Numbers 22:7

The elders of Moab and Midian departed with the fees for divination in hand. They came to Balaam and relayed to him the words of Balak.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Num 22:7Homilies on Numbers 13.6 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
Num 22:7Homilies on Numbers 14.3 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
Num 22:7Letters 188, 189 · Basil of Caesareaallusion, high confidenceca. 357–378
Num 22:7On the Life of Moses 421 · Gregory of Nyssaallusion, high confidenceca. 385–395
Num 22:7On the Duties of the Clergy 2.26 · Ambroseallusion, high confidenceca. 386–390

Numbers 22:8

“Spend the night here,” Balaam replied, “and I will give you the answer that the LORD speaks to me.” So the princes of Moab stayed with Balaam.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Num 22:8Homilies on Numbers 14.3 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)

Numbers 22:9

Then God came to Balaam and asked, “Who are these men with you?”

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Num 22:9Eclogae on Exodus-Judges, column 575 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 220-254
Num 22:9Eclogae on Exodus-Judges, column 577 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 220-254
Num 22:9Homilies on Numbers 13.6 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
Num 22:9Homilies on Numbers 14.1 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)

Numbers 22:10

And Balaam said to God, “Balak son of Zippor, king of Moab, sent me this message:

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Num 22:10Homilies on Numbers 13.6 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
Num 22:10Homilies on Numbers 14.1 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)

Numbers 22:11

‘Behold, a people has come out of Egypt, and they cover the face of the land. Now come and put a curse on them for me. Perhaps I may be able to fight against them and drive them away.’”

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Num 22:11Homilies on Numbers 13.6 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)

Numbers 22:12

But God said to Balaam, “Do not go with them. You are not to curse this people, for they are blessed.”

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Num 22:12Fragment 20 · Irenaeus of Lyonsquotation, high confidenceca. 170–200
Num 22:12Homilies on Numbers 13.4 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
Num 22:12Homilies on Numbers 13.6 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
Num 22:12Homilies on Numbers 14.1 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
Num 22:12–33Question 46, section 3 · Ambrosiasterallusion, high confidenceca. 370–384
Num 22:12On the Duties of the Clergy 2.26 · Ambroseallusion, high confidenceca. 386–390
Num 22:12The Conferences 13.11 · John Cassianallusion, high confidenceca. 426–429

Numbers 22:15

Then Balak sent other princes, more numerous and more distinguished than the first messengers.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Num 22:15Homilies on Numbers 13.4 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)

Numbers 22:18

But Balaam replied to the servants of Balak, “If Balak were to give me his house full of silver and gold, I could not do anything small or great to go beyond the command of the LORD my God.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Num 22:18Homilies on Numbers 14.3 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
Num 22:18Letters 210, 211 · Basil of Caesareaallusion, high confidenceca. 357–378

Numbers 22:19

So now, please stay here overnight as the others did, that I may find out what else the LORD has to tell me.”

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Num 22:19Homilies on Numbers 15.1 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)

Numbers 22:20

That night God came to Balaam and said, “Since these men have come to summon you, get up and go with them, but you must only do what I tell you.”

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Num 22:20Eclogae on Exodus-Judges, column 577 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 220-254
Num 22:20Homilies on Numbers 13.7 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
Num 22:20Homilies on Numbers 14.1 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
Num 22:20Homilies on Numbers 14.3 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
Num 22:20Homilies on Numbers 17.3 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)

Numbers 22:21

So in the morning Balaam got up, saddled his donkey, and went with the princes of Moab.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Num 22:21Homilies on Numbers 13.8 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
Num 22:21Commentary on Romans 1.11 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406)
Num 22:21–35On the Life of Moses 421 · Gregory of Nyssaallusion, high confidenceca. 385–395
Num 22:21–28Numbers, lines 597–617 · Cyprianus Gallusallusion, high confidenceearly 5th cent.
Num 22:21–35Commonitorium 1.31–60 · Orientius of Auchallusion, high confidenceca. 420-450

Numbers 22:22

Then God’s anger was kindled because Balaam was going along, and the angel of the LORD stood in the road to oppose him. Balaam was riding his donkey, and his two servants were with him.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Num 22:22–23Fragment 20 · Irenaeus of Lyonsquotation, high confidenceca. 170–200
Num 22:22Eclogae on Exodus-Judges, column 577 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 220-254
Num 22:22–24Commentary on John 28.132 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 230–248
Num 22:22Homilies on Numbers 13.8 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
Num 22:22Homilies on Numbers 14.1 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
Num 22:22Homilies on Numbers 14.3 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
Num 22:22Homilies on Numbers 14.4 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
Num 22:22–33Demonstration 3.14 · Aphrahatallusion, high confidence337-345
Num 22:22On the Christian Faith 5.7 · Ambroseallusion, high confidenceca. 378–380
Num 22:22–33Part 2, chapter 12 · Quodvultdeus of Carthageallusion, high confidenceca. 445-450

Numbers 22:23

When the donkey saw the angel of the LORD standing in the road with a drawn sword in his hand, she turned off the path and went into a field. So Balaam beat her to return her to the path.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Num 22:23Commentary on Daniel 5, scholion 10 · Polychronius of Apameaallusion, high confidenceca. 400-430
Num 22:23–30Book 1, section 12 · Seduliusallusion, high confidenceca. 425-450

Numbers 22:24

Then the angel of the LORD stood in a narrow passage between two vineyards, with walls on either side.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Num 22:24Homilies on Numbers 14.4 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)

Numbers 22:25

And the donkey saw the angel of the LORD and pressed herself against the wall, crushing Balaam’s foot against it. So he beat her once again.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Num 22:25Homilies on Numbers 13.8 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
Num 22:25Homilies on Numbers 14.4 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)

Numbers 22:27

When the donkey saw the angel of the LORD, she lay down under Balaam, and he became furious and beat her with his staff.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Num 22:27Commentary on John 28.133 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 230–248

Numbers 22:28

Then the LORD opened the donkey’s mouth, and she said to Balaam, “What have I done to you that you have beaten me these three times?”

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Num 22:28Acts of Thomas 40 · Anonymousallusion, high confidenceca. 200–250
Num 22:28On First Principles 1.8.4 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 220–230 (Rufinus's translation 398)
Num 22:28Homily on Luke 14 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 233–250
Num 22:28Homilies on Numbers 13.8 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
Num 22:28Homilies on Numbers 14.3 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
Num 22:28Lines 621–644 · Commodianallusion, high confidence3rd century (disputed)
Num 22:28To Fortunatus 10 · Cyprian of Carthageallusion, high confidence253 or 257
Num 22:28Commentary on 1 Corinthians 13:1 · Ambrosiasterallusion, high confidenceca. 366–384
Num 22:28Question 123, section 4 · Ambrosiasterallusion, high confidenceca. 370–384
Num 22:28On Virgins 1.1 · Ambroseallusion, high confidenceca. 377
Num 22:28Altercatio, chapter 2, speech 28 · Evagrius of Gaulallusion, high confidenceca. 400
Num 22:28Letter 98.4 · Augustine of Hippoallusion, high confidenceca. 386–430
Num 22:28Letter 186.14 · Augustine of Hippoallusion, high confidenceca. 386–430
Num 22:28Letter 187.24 · Augustine of Hippoallusion, high confidenceca. 386–430
Num 22:28Poem 15, lines 32–63 · Paulinus of Nolaallusion, high confidenceca. 393–431
Num 22:28Poem 20, lines 416–444 · Paulinus of Nolaecho, low confidenceca. 393–431
Num 22:28Letters 12.2 · Paulinus of Nolaallusion, high confidenceca. 394–413
Num 22:28–41Numbers, lines 618–642 · Cyprianus Gallusallusion, high confidenceearly 5th cent.
Num 22:28Literal Commentary on Genesis 9.17 · Augustine of Hippoallusion, high confidenceca. 401–415
Num 22:28Literal Commentary on Genesis 11.29 · Augustine of Hippoallusion, high confidenceca. 401–415
Num 22:28–30Commonitorium 1.1–30 · Orientius of Auchallusion, high confidenceca. 420-450
Num 22:28Book 1, lines 141–162 · Seduliusallusion, high confidenceca. 425-450

Numbers 22:32

The angel of the LORD asked him, “Why have you beaten your donkey these three times? Behold, I have come out to oppose you, because your way is perverse before me.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Num 22:32–35Commentary on John 28.133 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 230–248

Numbers 22:33

The donkey saw me and turned away from me these three times. If she had not turned away, then by now I would surely have killed you and let her live.”

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Num 22:33Homilies on Numbers 14.1 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)

Numbers 22:35

But the angel of the LORD said to Balaam, “Go with the men, but you are to speak only what I tell you.” So Balaam went with the princes of Balak.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Num 22:35Eclogae on Exodus-Judges, column 577 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 220-254
Num 22:35Commentary on John 28.134 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 230–248
Num 22:35Commentary on John 28.136 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 230–248
Num 22:35Homilies on Ezekiel 6.1 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Jerome's translation in the 380s)
Num 22:35Homilies on Numbers 14.1 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
Num 22:35Homilies on Numbers 14.3 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)

Numbers 22:38

“See, I have come to you,” Balaam replied, “but can I say just anything? I must speak only the word that God puts in my mouth.”

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Num 22:38Against Marcion 4.28 · Tertullianallusion, high confidence207/208 (third edition, completed later)
Num 22:38Against Marcion 4.39 · Tertullianallusion, medium confidence207/208 (third edition, completed later)
Num 22:38Commentary on John 28.99 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 230–248
Num 22:38Homilies on Numbers 13.7 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
Num 22:38Homilies on Matthew 24.4 · John Chrysostomallusion, medium confidenceca. 390