Galatians 1 in the early church
444 passages quote, allude to, or echo Galatians 1, grouped by verse; passages on the same verse are in date order. Verse text from the Berean Standard Bible (public domain). References use the Protestant English Bible's numbering, with a writer's own numbering in brackets where it differs.
Verses: 1 · 2 · 3 · 4 · 5 · 6 · 7 · 8 · 9 · 10 · 11 · 12 · 13 · 14 · 15 · 16 · 17 · 18 · 19 · 20 · 21 · 22 · 23 · 24
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Galatians 1 as a whole
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gal 1–Gal:6 | Canon 60 · Anonymous | allusion, high confidence | ca. 343–381 |
| Gal 1–Gal:6 | Canon 47 · Anonymous | allusion, high confidence | 397 |
Galatians 1:1
Paul, an apostle—sent not from men nor by man, but by Jesus Christ and God the Father, who raised Him from the dead—
Galatians 1:2
and all the brothers with me, To the churches of Galatia:
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gal 1:2 | Lines 51–60 · Anonymous | allusion, high confidence | late 2nd or 4th century (disputed) |
| Gal 1:2 | Commentary on the Song of Songs 3.177 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 240–245 (Rufinus's translation ca. 410) |
| Gal 1:2 | Commentary on Galatians 1.1 · Marius Victorinus | quotation, high confidence | ca. 360–363 |
| Gal 1:2 | Commentary on Galatians 1:2 · Ambrosiaster | quotation, high confidence | ca. 366–384 |
Galatians 1:3
Grace and peace to you from God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ,
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gal 1:3 | Commentary on Romans 1.8 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Gal 1:3 | Commentary on Galatians 1.3 · Marius Victorinus | quotation, high confidence | ca. 360–363 |
| Gal 1:3–4 | Commentary on Galatians 1:3 · Ambrosiaster | quotation, high confidence | ca. 366–384 |
| Gal 1:3 | On the Christian Faith 1.17 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 378–380 |
| Gal 1:3 | On the Merits and Forgiveness of Sins 1.45 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | 411–412 |
Galatians 1:4
who gave Himself for our sins to rescue us from the present evil age, according to the will of our God and Father,
Galatians 1:5
to whom be glory forever and ever. Amen.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gal 1:5 | Miscellanies 5.14.96 · Clement of Alexandria | echo, low confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Gal 1:5 | Commentary on the Song of Songs 0.79 · Origen | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 240–245 (Rufinus's translation ca. 410) |
| Gal 1:5 | Commentary on Ephesians 2.1 · Marius Victorinus | allusion, low confidence | ca. 360–363 |
| Gal 1:5 | Commentary on Galatians 1.3 · Marius Victorinus | quotation, high confidence | ca. 360–363 |
| Gal 1:5 | Homilies on Matthew 55.6 · John Chrysostom | quotation, high confidence | ca. 390 |
| Gal 1:5 | City of God 12.20 · Augustine of Hippo | echo, low confidence | 413–426 |
Galatians 1:6
I am amazed how quickly you are deserting the One who called you by the grace of Christ and are turning to a different gospel—
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gal 1:6 | Epistle of the Apostles 1 · Anonymous | echo, low confidence | ca. 140-170 |
| Gal 1:6 | Prescription against Heretics 27 · Tertullian | quotation, high confidence | ca. 203 |
| Gal 1:6 | Against Marcion 1.20 · Tertullian | allusion, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Gal 1:6 | Against Marcion 4.5 · Tertullian | allusion, medium confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Gal 1:6 | Against Marcion 5.2 · Tertullian | quotation, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Gal 1:6 | Commentary on Matthew, Latin Series 26 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–249 (Latin translation, 4th–5th century) |
| Gal 1:6 | Commentary on Romans 1.9 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Gal 1:6–9 | Letter 27.3 · Cyprian of Carthage | quotation, high confidence | 249/250–258 |
| Gal 1:6–9 | Letter 63.10 · Cyprian of Carthage | quotation, high confidence | 249/250–258 |
| Gal 1:6–8 | Acta Archelai (Latin) 39 · Hegemonius | quotation, high confidence | early to mid 4th century (Greek original) |
| Gal 1:6 | Acta Archelai (Latin) 40 · Hegemonius | allusion, high confidence | early to mid 4th century (Greek original) |
| Gal 1:6–7 | Against Marcellus 1.1.7 · Eusebius of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 336–337 |
| Gal 1:6–7 | Against Marcellus 1.1.12 · Eusebius of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 336–337 |
| Gal 1:6 | Historical Fragments 1.4.1.2 · Hilary of Poitiers | allusion, high confidence | ca. 343–367 |
| Gal 1:6–9 | On Not Sparing Those Who Sin against God 34 · Lucifer of Cagliari | quotation, high confidence | ca. 356–361 |
| Gal 1:6 | Moral Rules (Moralia) 39 · Basil of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 360-370 |
| Gal 1:6 | Commentary on Galatians 1.6 · Marius Victorinus | quotation, high confidence | ca. 360–363 |
| Gal 1:6 | Commentary on Galatians 1:6 · Ambrosiaster | quotation, high confidence | ca. 366–384 |
| Gal 1:6 | Prologue to the Commentary on Romans · Ambrosiaster | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 366–384 |
| Gal 1:6 | On what sort of wives to marry, section 2 · John Chrysostom | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 390 |
| Gal 1:6 | Explanation of Twelve Psalms 40.38.1 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 387-397 |
| Gal 1:6 | Sermon 2 · Peter Chrysologus | quotation, high confidence | ca. 425-450 |
| Gal 1:6 | Commonitory 7 · Vincent of Lérins | quotation, high confidence | 434 |
Galatians 1:7
which is not even a gospel. Evidently some people are troubling you and trying to distort the gospel of Christ.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gal 1:7 | Epistle of the Apostles 50 · Anonymous | echo, medium confidence | ca. 140-170 |
| Gal 1:7 | Against Marcion 4.3 · Tertullian | allusion, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Gal 1:7 | Against Marcion 5.2 · Tertullian | quotation, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Gal 1:7 | Commentary on Matthew, Latin Series 26 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–249 (Latin translation, 4th–5th century) |
| Gal 1:7 | Commentary on Galatians 1.7 · Marius Victorinus | quotation, high confidence | ca. 360–363 |
| Gal 1:7 | Commentary on Galatians 1:7 · Ambrosiaster | quotation, high confidence | ca. 366–384 |
| Gal 1:7 | Letter 182.6 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 386–430 |
| Gal 1:7 | Explanation of Twelve Psalms 40.38.1 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 387-397 |
| Gal 1:7 | Letter 30, chapter 6 · Innocent I, bishop of Rome | quotation, high confidence | 401–417 |
| Gal 1:7 | Celestine, ACO I.2, letter 25.9 · Celestine I, bishop of Rome | allusion, high confidence | 430-432 |
| Gal 1:7 | Commonitory 7 · Vincent of Lérins | quotation, high confidence | 434 |
Galatians 1:8
But even if we or an angel from heaven should preach a gospel contrary to the one we preached to you, let him be under a curse!
Galatians 1:9
As we have said before, so now I say again: If anyone is preaching to you a gospel contrary to the one you received, let him be under a curse!
Galatians 1:10
Am I now seeking the approval of men, or of God? Or am I striving to please men? If I were still trying to please men, I would not be a servant of Christ.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gal 1:10 | To the Romans 2.1 · Ignatius of Antioch | echo, medium confidence | ca. 110 (range ca. 105–135) |
| Gal 1:10 | Sentences of Sextus 112 · Anonymous | echo, low confidence | 2nd-early 3rd cent. |
| Gal 1:10 | Miscellanies 7.12.71 · Clement of Alexandria | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Gal 1:10 | On Idolatry 14 · Tertullian | quotation, high confidence | ca. 196–211 |
| Gal 1:10 | On the Singleness of Clerics 8 · Anonymous | quotation, high confidence | 3rd cent. (disputed) |
| Gal 1:10 | Commentary on Romans 9.20 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Gal 1:10 | Commentary on Romans 10.6 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Gal 1:10 | To Quirinus 3.55 · Cyprian of Carthage | quotation, high confidence | ca. 248–250 (book 3 perhaps later) |
| Gal 1:10 | Letter 4.5 · Cyprian of Carthage | quotation, high confidence | 249/250–258 |
| Gal 1:10 | Letter 59.8 · Cyprian of Carthage | quotation, high confidence | 249/250–258 |
| Gal 1:10 | Letter 63.15 · Cyprian of Carthage | quotation, high confidence | 249/250–258 |
| Gal 1:10 | On the Dress of Virgins 5 · Cyprian of Carthage | quotation, high confidence | ca. 249 |
| Gal 1:10 | Long recension, Romans 2 · Anonymous | allusion, medium confidence | later 4th century (probable) |
| Gal 1:10 | Letter 224 · Basil of Caesarea | allusion, high confidence | ca. 357–378 |
| Gal 1:10 | Moral Rules (Moralia) 70 · Basil of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 360-370 |
| Gal 1:10 | Tractates on the Psalms 52.15 · Hilary of Poitiers | quotation, high confidence | ca. 360–367 |
| Gal 1:10 | Commentary on Galatians 1.10 · Marius Victorinus | quotation, high confidence | ca. 360–363 |
| Gal 1:10 | Commentary on Galatians 6.4 · Marius Victorinus | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 360–363 |
| Gal 1:10 | Oration 4.60 · Gregory of Nazianzus | echo, medium confidence | ca. 362–383 |
| Gal 1:10 | Oration 37.17 · Gregory of Nazianzus | quotation, high confidence | ca. 362–383 |
| Gal 1:10 | Oration 40.43 · Gregory of Nazianzus | quotation, high confidence | ca. 362–383 |
| Gal 1:10 | Commentary on 1 Corinthians 14:37 · Ambrosiaster | echo, medium confidence | ca. 366–384 |
| Gal 1:10 | Commentary on Galatians 1:10 · Ambrosiaster | quotation, high confidence | ca. 366–384 |
| Gal 1:10 | Letter 22.27 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| Gal 1:10 | Letter 31.3 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| Gal 1:10 | Letter 52.13 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| Gal 1:10 | Letter 66.6 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| Gal 1:10 | Letter 88.2 · Jerome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| Gal 1:10 | Apostolic Constitutions 1.3.7 · Anonymous | allusion, low confidence | ca. 380 |
| Gal 1:10 | Letter 22.7 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 386–430 |
| Gal 1:10 | Letter 231.4 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 386–430 |
| Gal 1:10 | On the Catholic Way of Life and the Manichaean Way of Life 1.21 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 387–389 |
| Gal 1:10 | Tractates on Matthew 12.3 · Chromatius of Aquileia | quotation, high confidence | ca. 388–407 |
| Gal 1:10 | Sermon 47.12 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 391-430 |
| Gal 1:10 | Sermon 54.2 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 391-430 |
| Gal 1:10 | Sermon 54.4 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 391-430 |
| Gal 1:10 | Sermon 149.14 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 391-430 |
| Gal 1:10 | The Lord's Sermon on the Mount 1.7 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 393–396 |
| Gal 1:10 | The Lord's Sermon on the Mount 2.1 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 393–396 |
| Gal 1:10 | Letters 1.6 · Paulinus of Nola | quotation, high confidence | ca. 394–413 |
| Gal 1:10 | Letters 5.7 · Paulinus of Nola | allusion, high confidence | ca. 394–413 |
| Gal 1:10 | Letters 13.15 · Paulinus of Nola | echo, medium confidence | ca. 394–413 |
| Gal 1:10 | Letters 38.10 · Paulinus of Nola | allusion, high confidence | ca. 394–413 |
| Gal 1:10 | Confessions 6.9 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 397–401 |
| Gal 1:10 | On the Good of Widowhood 27 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 414 |
| Gal 1:10 | Commentary on Jeremiah 4.3 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 414-419 |
| Gal 1:10 | Commonitorium 2.1–30 · Orientius of Auch | echo, medium confidence | ca. 420-450 |
| Gal 1:10 | To the Church 4.2 · Salvian of Marseilles | quotation, high confidence | ca. 435-440 |
Galatians 1:11
For I want you to know, brothers, that the gospel I preached was not devised by man.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gal 1:11 | Apology for Origen 5.9 · Pamphilus of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 308–310 (Rufinus's Latin about 397) |
| Gal 1:11–12 | Against Marcellus 1.1.25 · Eusebius of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 336–337 |
| Gal 1:11 | Against Arius 1.21 · Marius Victorinus | quotation, high confidence | ca. 357–362 |
| Gal 1:11 | Commentary on Galatians 1.11 · Marius Victorinus | quotation, high confidence | ca. 360–363 |
| Gal 1:11 | Commentary on Galatians 1.12 · Marius Victorinus | allusion, high confidence | ca. 360–363 |
| Gal 1:11–12 | Commentary on Galatians 1:11–12 · Ambrosiaster | quotation, high confidence | ca. 366–384 |
| Gal 1:11 | On Rebuke and Grace 5 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 427 |
Galatians 1:12
I did not receive it from any man, nor was I taught it; rather, I received it by revelation from Jesus Christ.
Galatians 1:13
For you have heard of my former way of life in Judaism, how severely I persecuted the church of God and tried to destroy it.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gal 1:13 | Epistle of the Apostles 31 · Anonymous | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 140-170 |
| Gal 1:13 | Epistle of the Apostles 33 · Anonymous | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 140-170 |
| Gal 1:13 | On First Principles 1.8.2 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 220–230 (Rufinus's translation 398) |
| Gal 1:13 | Commentary on John 20.136 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 230–248 |
| Gal 1:13 | On Prayer 6.5 · Origen | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 233–234 |
| Gal 1:13 | Commentary on the Song of Songs 3.190 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 240–245 (Rufinus's translation ca. 410) |
| Gal 1:13 | Against Celsus 1.63 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 248 |
| Gal 1:13 | Commentary on Romans 5.5 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Gal 1:13 | Homilies on the Psalms 48.8 · Basil of Caesarea | allusion, high confidence | ca. 360-378 |
| Gal 1:13 | Commentary on Galatians 1.13 · Marius Victorinus | quotation, high confidence | ca. 360–363 |
| Gal 1:13 | Oration 24.3 · Gregory of Nazianzus | echo, medium confidence | ca. 362–383 |
| Gal 1:13 | Against Eunomius 2.4 · Basil of Caesarea | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 364 |
| Gal 1:13–14 | Commentary on Galatians 1:13 · Ambrosiaster | quotation, high confidence | ca. 366–384 |
| Gal 1:13–14 | Epigram 2 · Damasus I of Rome | allusion, medium confidence | 366–384 |
| Gal 1:13 | Homilies on Matthew 30.1 · John Chrysostom | quotation, high confidence | ca. 390 |
| Gal 1:13 | Explanation of Twelve Psalms 36.5.3 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 387-397 |
| Gal 1:13 | Explanation of Twelve Psalms 47.5.3 · Ambrose | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 387-397 |
| Gal 1:13 | Against Faustus the Manichaean 16.17 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | ca. 398–400 |
| Gal 1:13 | On Catechizing the Uninstructed 23 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 399–405 |
| Gal 1:13 | On the Spirit and the Letter 12 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | 412 |
Galatians 1:14
I was advancing in Judaism beyond many of my contemporaries and was extremely zealous for the traditions of my fathers.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gal 1:14 | On Modesty 1 · Tertullian | allusion, high confidence | ca. 210–220 |
| Gal 1:14 | Commentary on Galatians 1.13 · Marius Victorinus | quotation, high confidence | ca. 360–363 |
| Gal 1:14 | Panarion (Adversus Haereses), Haer. 1-64 30.25.2 · Epiphanius of Salamis | quotation, high confidence | 374-377 |
| Gal 1:14 | Letter 204.6 · Augustine of Hippo | echo, medium confidence | ca. 386–430 |
| Gal 1:14 | Explanation of Twelve Psalms 36.5.3 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 387-397 |
| Gal 1:14 | Sermon 169.5 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | ca. 391-430 |
| Gal 1:14 | Sermon 169.9 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | ca. 391-430 |
| Gal 1:14 | Against Faustus the Manichaean 22.70 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | ca. 398–400 |
Galatians 1:15
But when God, who set me apart from my mother’s womb and called me by His grace, was pleased
Galatians 1:16
to reveal His Son in me so that I might preach Him among the Gentiles, I did not rush to consult with flesh and blood,
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gal 1:16 | Against Heresies 5.12.5 · Irenaeus of Lyons | quotation, high confidence | ca. 180–190 |
| Gal 1:16 | Against Heresies 5.15.3 · Irenaeus of Lyons | quotation, high confidence | ca. 180–190 |
| Gal 1:16 | On the Resurrection of the Flesh 50 · Tertullian | allusion, high confidence | ca. 208–212 |
| Gal 1:16 | Commentary on Romans 1.3 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Gal 1:16 | Homilies 17.19 · Anonymous | echo, medium confidence | 4th century (reworking earlier material) |
| Gal 1:16 | Commentary on Galatians 1.13 · Marius Victorinus | allusion, high confidence | ca. 360–363 |
| Gal 1:16 | Commentary on Galatians 1.15 · Marius Victorinus | quotation, high confidence | ca. 360–363 |
| Gal 1:16 | Ancoratus 68.16 · Epiphanius of Salamis | quotation, high confidence | 374 |
| Gal 1:16 | Book of Heresies 155.5 · Philastrius of Brescia | quotation, medium confidence | ca. 380s |
| Gal 1:16 | Eleven Tractates 1.24 · Priscillian | allusion, high confidence | ca. 380–385 |
| Gal 1:16 | Homily 14 · Gregory of Nyssa | allusion, high confidence | ca. 390–394 |
| Gal 1:16 | Sermon 360.1 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | ca. 391-430 |
| Gal 1:16 | Letters 3.2 · Paulinus of Nola | echo, medium confidence | ca. 394–413 |
| Gal 1:16 | Letters 23.11 · Paulinus of Nola | allusion, high confidence | ca. 394–413 |
| Gal 1:16 | Against Faustus the Manichaean 24.1 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 398–400 |
| Gal 1:16 | Tome to the Armenians 31 · Proclus of Constantinople | quotation, high confidence | ca. 435-437 |
Galatians 1:17
nor did I go up to Jerusalem to the apostles who came before me, but I went into Arabia and later returned to Damascus.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gal 1:17 | Commentary on Galatians 1.13 · Marius Victorinus | allusion, high confidence | ca. 360–363 |
| Gal 1:17 | Commentary on Galatians 1.15 · Marius Victorinus | quotation, high confidence | ca. 360–363 |
| Gal 1:17 | Commentary on Galatians 1:17 · Ambrosiaster | quotation, high confidence | ca. 366–384 |
| Gal 1:17–18 | Letter 53.2 · Jerome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
Galatians 1:18
Only after three years did I go up to Jerusalem to confer with Cephas, and I stayed with him fifteen days.
Galatians 1:19
But I saw none of the other apostles except James, the Lord’s brother.
Galatians 1:20
I assure you before God that what I am writing to you is no lie.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gal 1:20 | Commentary on Galatians 1.20 · Marius Victorinus | quotation, high confidence | ca. 360–363 |
| Gal 1:20 | Commentary on Galatians 1:20 · Ambrosiaster | quotation, high confidence | ca. 366–384 |
| Gal 1:20 | Letter 67.3 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| Gal 1:20 | Letter 116.4 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| Gal 1:20 | Letter 116.7 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| Gal 1:20 | Letter 116.17 · Jerome | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| Gal 1:20 | Letter 116.24 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| Gal 1:20 | Letter 40.3 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 386–430 |
| Gal 1:20 | Letter 82.4 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 386–430 |
| Gal 1:20 | Letter 82.7 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 386–430 |
| Gal 1:20 | Letter 82.24 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 386–430 |
| Gal 1:20 | Letter 157.40 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 386–430 |
| Gal 1:20 | Letter 180.4 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 386–430 |
| Gal 1:20 | Sermon 180.5 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 391-430 |
| Gal 1:20 | Sermon 180.10 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 391-430 |
| Gal 1:20 | The Lord's Sermon on the Mount 1.17 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 393–396 |
| Gal 1:20 | On Lying 28 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 395 |
| Gal 1:20 | On Lying 43 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 395 |
| Gal 1:20 | Against Faustus the Manichaean 19.22 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 398–400 |
| Gal 1:20 | On Baptism, against the Donatists 2.2 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 400–401 |
Galatians 1:21
Later I went to the regions of Syria and Cilicia.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gal 1:21 | Commentary on Galatians 1.13 · Marius Victorinus | allusion, high confidence | ca. 360–363 |
| Gal 1:21 | Commentary on Galatians 1.21 · Marius Victorinus | quotation, high confidence | ca. 360–363 |
| Gal 1:21–24 | Commentary on Galatians 1:21–24 · Ambrosiaster | quotation, high confidence | ca. 366–384 |
Galatians 1:22
I was personally unknown, however, to the churches of Judea that are in Christ.
Galatians 1:23
They only heard the account: “The man who formerly persecuted us is now preaching the faith he once tried to destroy.”
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gal 1:23 | Commentary on Galatians 1.23 · Marius Victorinus | quotation, high confidence | ca. 360–363 |
| Gal 1:23 | Homilies 19.6 · Basil of Caesarea | allusion, high confidence | ca. 363-378 |
| Gal 1:23 | Letter 93.52 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | ca. 386–430 |
| Gal 1:23 | Sermon 56.3 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 391-430 |
| Gal 1:23 | Sermon 88.10 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 391-430 |
| Gal 1:23 | Sermon 204.3 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 391-430 |
| Gal 1:23 | Sermon 258.1 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 391-430 |
| Gal 1:23 | Sermon 381.1 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | ca. 391-430 |
| Gal 1:23–24 | The Lord's Sermon on the Mount 1.7 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 393–396 |
| Gal 1:23 | Celestine, ACO I.2, letter 2.14 · Celestine I, bishop of Rome | echo, medium confidence | 430-432 |
Galatians 1:24
And they glorified God because of me.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gal 1:24 | Prescription against Heretics 23 · Tertullian | allusion, high confidence | ca. 203 |
| Gal 1:24 | Commentary on Galatians 1.24 · Marius Victorinus | quotation, high confidence | ca. 360–363 |
| Gal 1:24 | Letter 93.52 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | ca. 386–430 |
| Gal 1:24 | Sermon 56.3 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 391-430 |
| Gal 1:24 | Sermon 88.10 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 391-430 |
| Gal 1:24 | Sermon 204.3 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 391-430 |
| Gal 1:24 | Sermon 258.1 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 391-430 |