Galatians in the early church
Every passage that quotes, alludes to, or echoes Galatians, in verse order; passages on the same verse are in date order. References use the Protestant English Bible's numbering, with a writer's own numbering in brackets where it differs.
| Verse | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gal 1:1 | To the Philadelphians 1.1 · Ignatius of Antioch | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 110 (range ca. 105–135) |
| Gal 1:1 | To the Philippians 12.2 · Polycarp of Smyrna | allusion, high confidence | ca. 110–135 |
| Gal 1:1 | Against Marcion 5.1 · Tertullian | quotation, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Gal 1:1 | Against Praxeas 28 · Tertullian | allusion, high confidence | ca. 213 or later |
| Gal 1:1 | On the Trinity 13 · Novatian | allusion, high confidence | ca. 240–250 |
| Gal 1:1 | Against Celsus 2.58 · Origen | echo, low confidence | ca. 248 |
| Gal 1:4 | On Prayer 25.1 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 233–234 |
| Gal 1:4 | Against Celsus 5.32 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 248 |
| Gal 1:4 | Against Celsus 6.54 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 248 |
| Gal 1:5 | Miscellanies 5.14.96 · Clement of Alexandria | echo, low confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Gal 1:6 | Prescription against Heretics 27 · Tertullian | quotation, high confidence | ca. 203 |
| Gal 1:6 | Against Marcion 1.20 · Tertullian | allusion, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Gal 1:6 | Against Marcion 4.5 · Tertullian | allusion, medium confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Gal 1:6 | Against Marcion 5.2 · Tertullian | quotation, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Gal 1:7 | Against Marcion 4.3 · Tertullian | allusion, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Gal 1:7 | Against Marcion 5.2 · Tertullian | quotation, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Gal 1:8 | Prescription against Heretics 29 · Tertullian | quotation, high confidence | ca. 203 |
| Gal 1:8 | Prescription against Heretics 6 · Tertullian | quotation, high confidence | ca. 203 |
| Gal 1:8 | Against Marcion 4.4 · Tertullian | allusion, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Gal 1:8 | Against Marcion 5.2 · Tertullian | quotation, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Gal 1:10 | To the Romans 2.1 · Ignatius of Antioch | echo, medium confidence | ca. 110 (range ca. 105–135) |
| Gal 1:10 | Miscellanies 7.12.71 · Clement of Alexandria | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Gal 1:10 | On Idolatry 14 · Tertullian | quotation, high confidence | ca. 196–211 |
| Gal 1:12 | On the Trinity 13 · Novatian | allusion, high confidence | ca. 240–250 |
| Gal 1:12 | Against Celsus 7.21 · Origen | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 248 |
| Gal 1:13 | On Prayer 6.5 · Origen | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 233–234 |
| Gal 1:13 | Against Celsus 1.63 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 248 |
| Gal 1:15 | On Prayer 5.4 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 233–234 |
| Gal 1:15 | On Prayer 6.5 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 233–234 |
| Gal 1:18 | Prescription against Heretics 23 · Tertullian | allusion, high confidence | ca. 203 |
| Gal 1:18 | Against Marcion 4.2 · Tertullian | allusion, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Gal 1:19 | Against Celsus 1.47 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 248 |
| Gal 1:24 | Prescription against Heretics 23 · Tertullian | allusion, high confidence | ca. 203 |
| Gal 2:1 | Against Marcion 5.3 · Tertullian | quotation, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Gal 2:2 | Against Marcion 1.20 · Tertullian | allusion, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Gal 2:2 | Against Marcion 4.2 · Tertullian | allusion, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Gal 2:3 | Against Marcion 5.3 · Tertullian | quotation, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Gal 2:4 | Against Marcion 1.20 · Tertullian | allusion, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Gal 2:4 | Against Marcion 4.3 · Tertullian | allusion, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Gal 2:4 | Against Marcion 5.3 · Tertullian | quotation, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Gal 2:5 | Against Marcion 5.3 · Tertullian | quotation, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Gal 2:9 | 1 Clement 5.2 · Clement of Rome | echo, medium confidence | ca. 95–97 (range ca. 70–100) |
| Gal 2:9 | Prescription against Heretics 23 · Tertullian | allusion, high confidence | ca. 203 |
| Gal 2:9 | Against Marcion 1.20 · Tertullian | allusion, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Gal 2:9 | Against Marcion 4.2 · Tertullian | allusion, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Gal 2:9 | Against Marcion 4.3 · Tertullian | allusion, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Gal 2:9 | Against Marcion 5.3 · Tertullian | quotation, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Gal 2:9 | Against Celsus 2.1 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 248 |
| Gal 2:10 | Against Marcion 5.3 · Tertullian | quotation, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Gal 2:11 | Prescription against Heretics 23 · Tertullian | allusion, high confidence | ca. 203 |
| Gal 2:11 | Against Marcion 4.3 · Tertullian | allusion, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Gal 2:12 | Dialogue with Trypho 47.3 · Justin Martyr | echo, high confidence | ca. 155–160 |
| Gal 2:12 | Prescription against Heretics 23 · Tertullian | allusion, high confidence | ca. 203 |
| Gal 2:12 | Against Marcion 4.3 · Tertullian | allusion, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Gal 2:12–13 | Against Celsus 2.1 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 248 |
| Gal 2:14 | To the Magnesians 10.3 · Ignatius of Antioch | echo, medium confidence | ca. 110 (range ca. 105–135) |
| Gal 2:14 | Dialogue with Trypho 47.1 · Justin Martyr | echo, medium confidence | ca. 155–160 |
| Gal 2:14 | Dialogue with Trypho 47.3 · Justin Martyr | echo, high confidence | ca. 155–160 |
| Gal 2:14 | Against Marcion 1.20 · Tertullian | allusion, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Gal 2:14 | Against Marcion 4.3 · Tertullian | allusion, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Gal 2:14 | Against Marcion 5.3 · Tertullian | allusion, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Gal 2:16 | Miscellanies 1.7.38 · Clement of Alexandria | echo, medium confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Gal 2:16 | Against Marcion 5.3 · Tertullian | allusion, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Gal 2:18 | Against Marcion 5.3 · Tertullian | allusion, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Gal 2:19 | Oration to the Greeks 11 · Tatian | echo, medium confidence | ca. 165–172 |
| Gal 2:19 | Prophetic Extracts 14.1 · Clement of Alexandria | echo, medium confidence | ca. 200 |
| Gal 2:19 | Miscellanies 3.18.106 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Gal 2:20 | Miscellanies 3.18.106 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Gal 2:20 | Exhortation to Martyrdom 12 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | 235 |
| Gal 2:20 | Against Celsus 2.69 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 248 |
| Gal 2:21 | To the Trallians 10.1 · Ignatius of Antioch | echo, low confidence | ca. 110 (range ca. 105–135) |
| Gal 2:21 | Who Is the Rich Man That Is Saved? 8.2 · Clement of Alexandria | echo, high confidence | ca. 190–210 |
| Gal 3:1 | Prescription against Heretics 27 · Tertullian | quotation, high confidence | ca. 203 |
| Gal 3:3 | Miscellanies 3.17.104 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Gal 3:7 | Dialogue with Trypho 119.5 · Justin Martyr | echo, high confidence | ca. 155–160 |
| Gal 3:7 | Miscellanies 2.6.28 · Clement of Alexandria | allusion, high confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Gal 3:7 | Against Marcion 5.3 · Tertullian | allusion, medium confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Gal 3:10 | Dialogue with Trypho 95.1 · Justin Martyr | echo, high confidence | ca. 155–160 |
| Gal 3:11 | Against Marcion 5.3 · Tertullian | allusion, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Gal 3:13 | Didache 16.5 · Anonymous | echo, low confidence | ca. 50–150 (often ca. 100) |
| Gal 3:13 | Epistle of Barnabas 7.7 · Anonymous | echo, medium confidence | ca. 70–135 (often ca. 130) |
| Gal 3:13 | Dialogue with Trypho 32.1 · Justin Martyr | echo, medium confidence | ca. 155–160 |
| Gal 3:13 | Dialogue with Trypho 89.2 · Justin Martyr | echo, high confidence | ca. 155–160 |
| Gal 3:13 | Dialogue with Trypho 94.5 · Justin Martyr | echo, high confidence | ca. 155–160 |
| Gal 3:13 | Dialogue with Trypho 95.2 · Justin Martyr | echo, high confidence | ca. 155–160 |
| Gal 3:13 | Dialogue with Trypho 96.1 · Justin Martyr | echo, high confidence | ca. 155–160 |
| Gal 3:13 | On Patience 8 · Tertullian | allusion, high confidence | ca. 198–206 |
| Gal 3:13 | Against Marcion 1.11 · Tertullian | allusion, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Gal 3:13 | Against Marcion 3.18 · Tertullian | allusion, medium confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Gal 3:13 | Against Marcion 5.3 · Tertullian | allusion, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Gal 3:13 | Against Praxeas 29 · Tertullian | quotation, high confidence | ca. 213 or later |
| Gal 3:14 | Against Marcion 5.3 · Tertullian | quotation, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Gal 3:15 | Against Marcion 5.4 · Tertullian | quotation, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Gal 3:16 | On Patience 6 · Tertullian | allusion, high confidence | ca. 198–206 |
| Gal 3:16 | Against Marcion 5.4 · Tertullian | quotation, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Gal 3:19 | Prophetic Extracts 51.1 · Clement of Alexandria | echo, medium confidence | ca. 200 |
| Gal 3:19 | Excerpts from Theodotus 53.3 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 200 |
| Gal 3:19 | Miscellanies 1.26.167 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Gal 3:20 | Excerpts from Theodotus 53.3 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 200 |
| Gal 3:20 | On the Trinity 30 · Novatian | quotation, high confidence | ca. 240–250 |
| Gal 3:22 | Miscellanies 7.2.11 · Clement of Alexandria | allusion, high confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Gal 3:23 | The Instructor 1.6.30 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 190–200 |
| Gal 3:23 | Miscellanies 1.26.167 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Gal 3:24 | The Instructor 1.11.97 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 190–200 |
| Gal 3:24 | The Instructor 1.6.30 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 190–200 |
| Gal 3:24 | Prophetic Extracts 20.4 · Clement of Alexandria | echo, medium confidence | ca. 200 |
| Gal 3:24 | Who Is the Rich Man That Is Saved? 9.2 · Clement of Alexandria | echo, medium confidence | ca. 190–210 |
| Gal 3:24 | Miscellanies 1.26.167 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Gal 3:24 | Miscellanies 1.5.28 · Clement of Alexandria | allusion, high confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Gal 3:24 | Miscellanies 2.18.91 · Clement of Alexandria | allusion, high confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Gal 3:24 | Miscellanies 2.20.125 · Clement of Alexandria | allusion, high confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Gal 3:24 | Miscellanies 2.6.30 · Clement of Alexandria | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Gal 3:24 | Miscellanies 2.7.35 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Gal 3:24 | Miscellanies 6.17.159 · Clement of Alexandria | echo, medium confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Gal 3:25 | The Instructor 1.6.30 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 190–200 |
| Gal 3:26 | The Instructor 1.6.31 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 190–200 |
| Gal 3:26 | Against Marcion 5.3 · Tertullian | quotation, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Gal 3:27 | The Instructor 1.6.31 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 190–200 |
| Gal 3:27 | Against Marcion 3.12 · Tertullian | quotation, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Gal 3:27 | On the Lapsed 30 · Cyprian of Carthage | echo, medium confidence | 251 |
| Gal 3:27 | On the Unity of the Catholic Church 7 · Cyprian of Carthage | echo, low confidence | 251 |
| Gal 3:28 | 2 Clement 12.2 · Anonymous | echo, low confidence | ca. 100–150 |
| Gal 3:28 | Dialogue with Trypho 134.4 · Justin Martyr | echo, medium confidence | ca. 155–160 |
| Gal 3:28 | Dialogue with Trypho 139.5 · Justin Martyr | echo, medium confidence | ca. 155–160 |
| Gal 3:28 | Dialogue with Trypho 23.5 · Justin Martyr | echo, medium confidence | ca. 155–160 |
| Gal 3:28 | The Instructor 1.4.10 · Clement of Alexandria | echo, medium confidence | ca. 190–200 |
| Gal 3:28 | The Instructor 1.6.31 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 190–200 |
| Gal 3:28 | Exhortation to the Greeks 11.112 · Clement of Alexandria | allusion, high confidence | ca. 190–200 |
| Gal 3:28 | Miscellanies 3.13.93 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Gal 3:28 | Miscellanies 4.8.58 · Clement of Alexandria | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Gal 3:28 | Miscellanies 5.5.30 · Clement of Alexandria | allusion, high confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Gal 3:28 | Miscellanies 6.12.100 · Clement of Alexandria | echo, low confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Gal 3:28 | Refutation of All Heresies 5.7.15 · Hippolytus of Rome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 222–235 |
| Gal 4:1 | The Instructor 1.6.33 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 190–200 |
| Gal 4:1 | Miscellanies 1.11.53 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Gal 4:1 | On Prayer 22.2 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 233–234 |
| Gal 4:2 | The Instructor 1.6.33 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 190–200 |
| Gal 4:2 | Miscellanies 1.11.53 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Gal 4:2 | On Prayer 22.2 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 233–234 |
| Gal 4:3 | The Instructor 1.6.33 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 190–200 |
| Gal 4:3 | Miscellanies 1.11.53 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Gal 4:3 | Miscellanies 6.8.62 · Clement of Alexandria | allusion, high confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Gal 4:3 | Against Marcion 5.4 · Tertullian | quotation, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Gal 4:4 | Dialogue with Trypho 67.5 · Justin Martyr | echo, medium confidence | ca. 155–160 |
| Gal 4:4 | The Instructor 1.6.33 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 190–200 |
| Gal 4:4 | Against Marcion 5.4 · Tertullian | quotation, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Gal 4:4 | Against Marcion 5.8 · Tertullian | quotation, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Gal 4:4 | On Prayer 22.2 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 233–234 |
| Gal 4:4 | Exhortation to Martyrdom 35 · Origen | allusion, medium confidence | 235 |
| Gal 4:4 | On the Trinity 11 · Novatian | allusion, high confidence | ca. 240–250 |
| Gal 4:4 | Against Celsus 1.69 · Origen | allusion, low confidence | ca. 248 |
| Gal 4:4 | Against Celsus 1.70 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 248 |
| Gal 4:5 | The Instructor 1.6.33 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 190–200 |
| Gal 4:5 | The Instructor 3.11.59 · Clement of Alexandria | echo, medium confidence | ca. 190–200 |
| Gal 4:5 | Exhortation to the Greeks 2.27 · Clement of Alexandria | echo, low confidence | ca. 190–200 |
| Gal 4:5 | Against Marcion 5.4 · Tertullian | quotation, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Gal 4:6 | Exhortation to the Greeks 9.88 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, medium confidence | ca. 190–200 |
| Gal 4:6 | Prophetic Extracts 19.2 · Clement of Alexandria | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 200 |
| Gal 4:6 | Against Marcion 5.4 · Tertullian | quotation, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Gal 4:6 | On Prayer 2.3 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 233–234 |
| Gal 4:6 | Against Celsus 8.6 · Origen | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 248 |
| Gal 4:7 | The Instructor 1.6.34 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 190–200 |
| Gal 4:7 | Exhortation to the Greeks 9.83 · Clement of Alexandria | echo, medium confidence | ca. 190–200 |
| Gal 4:8 | Against Marcion 5.4 · Tertullian | quotation, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Gal 4:9 | A Plea for the Christians 16 · Athenagoras | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 176–180 |
| Gal 4:9 | Exhortation to the Greeks 5.65 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 190–200 |
| Gal 4:9 | Miscellanies 6.8.62 · Clement of Alexandria | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Gal 4:9 | Miscellanies 7.13.82 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Gal 4:9 | Prescription against Heretics 33 · Tertullian | allusion, high confidence | ca. 203 |
| Gal 4:9 | Against Marcion 1.14 · Tertullian | allusion, medium confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Gal 4:9 | Against Marcion 5.4 · Tertullian | quotation, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Gal 4:9 | Refutation of All Heresies 10.34.4 · Hippolytus of Rome | echo, medium confidence | ca. 222–235 |
| Gal 4:10 | To Diognetus 4.5 · Anonymous | echo, medium confidence | ca. 150–200 (disputed) |
| Gal 4:10 | Against Marcion 1.20 · Tertullian | allusion, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Gal 4:10 | Against Marcion 5.4 · Tertullian | quotation, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Gal 4:10 | On Prayer 27.14 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 233–234 |
| Gal 4:10–11 | Against Celsus 8.21 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 248 |
| Gal 4:16 | The Instructor 1.9.83 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 190–200 |
| Gal 4:19 | Miscellanies 3.15.99 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Gal 4:19 | Against Marcion 5.8 · Tertullian | quotation, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Gal 4:21–24 | Against Celsus 2.3 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 248 |
| Gal 4:21 | Against Celsus 4.44 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 248 |
| Gal 4:22 | Excerpts from Theodotus 56.5 · Clement of Alexandria | allusion, high confidence | ca. 200 |
| Gal 4:22 | Against Marcion 3.5 · Tertullian | allusion, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Gal 4:22 | Against Marcion 5.4 · Tertullian | quotation, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Gal 4:22 | Against Celsus 4.44 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 248 |
| Gal 4:23 | Excerpts from Theodotus 56.5 · Clement of Alexandria | allusion, high confidence | ca. 200 |
| Gal 4:23 | Against Celsus 4.44 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 248 |
| Gal 4:24 | Against Marcion 5.4 · Tertullian | quotation, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Gal 4:24 | Against Celsus 4.44 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 248 |
| Gal 4:26 | To the Philippians 3.3 · Polycarp of Smyrna | quotation, high confidence | ca. 110–135 |
| Gal 4:26 | The Instructor 1.5.21 · Clement of Alexandria | echo, medium confidence | ca. 190–200 |
| Gal 4:26 | The Instructor 1.6.45 · Clement of Alexandria | allusion, high confidence | ca. 190–200 |
| Gal 4:26 | The Instructor 2.12.119 · Clement of Alexandria | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 190–200 |
| Gal 4:26 | Miscellanies 4.26.172 · Clement of Alexandria | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Gal 4:26 | Against Marcion 3.24 · Tertullian | allusion, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Gal 4:26 | Against Marcion 5.15 · Tertullian | allusion, medium confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Gal 4:26 | Against Marcion 5.4 · Tertullian | quotation, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Gal 4:26 | Refutation of All Heresies 5.7.39 · Hippolytus of Rome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 222–235 |
| Gal 4:26 | Refutation of All Heresies 6.34.4 · Hippolytus of Rome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 222–235 |
| Gal 4:26 | Against Celsus 4.44 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 248 |
| Gal 4:27 | 2 Clement 2.1 · Anonymous | echo, medium confidence | ca. 100–150 |
| Gal 4:27 | First Apology 53 · Justin Martyr | echo, medium confidence | ca. 150–155 |
| Gal 4:27 | Exhortation to the Greeks 1.9 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, medium confidence | ca. 190–200 |
| Gal 4:27 | Miscellanies 2.6.28 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, medium confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Gal 4:27 | Refutation of All Heresies 5.8.36 · Hippolytus of Rome | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 222–235 |
| Gal 4:30 | Miscellanies 1.11.53 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Gal 4:31 | Against Marcion 5.4 · Tertullian | quotation, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Gal 5:1 | Against Marcion 5.4 · Tertullian | quotation, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Gal 5:2 | Miscellanies 7.9.53 · Clement of Alexandria | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Gal 5:2 | Prescription against Heretics 33 · Tertullian | allusion, high confidence | ca. 203 |
| Gal 5:2 | Refutation of All Heresies 7.19.8 · Hippolytus of Rome | echo, medium confidence | ca. 222–235 |
| Gal 5:2 | Against Celsus 5.48 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 248 |
| Gal 5:3 | Refutation of All Heresies 8.18.2 · Hippolytus of Rome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 222–235 |
| Gal 5:4 | To the Magnesians 8.1 · Ignatius of Antioch | echo, medium confidence | ca. 110 (range ca. 105–135) |
| Gal 5:5 | Miscellanies 2.22.136 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Gal 5:6 | Miscellanies 1.1.4 · Clement of Alexandria | allusion, high confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Gal 5:6 | Miscellanies 2.22.136 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Gal 5:6 | Miscellanies 6.15.124 · Clement of Alexandria | echo, low confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Gal 5:6 | Against Marcion 5.4 · Tertullian | allusion, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Gal 5:7 | Prescription against Heretics 27 · Tertullian | quotation, high confidence | ca. 203 |
| Gal 5:8 | Against Celsus 6.57 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 248 |
| Gal 5:9 | Against Marcion 1.2 · Tertullian | echo, medium confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Gal 5:10 | Against Marcion 5.4 · Tertullian | quotation, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Gal 5:11 | To the Ephesians 18.1 · Ignatius of Antioch | echo, medium confidence | ca. 110 (range ca. 105–135) |
| Gal 5:13 | Miscellanies 3.5.41 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Gal 5:14 | Against Marcion 5.4 · Tertullian | quotation, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Gal 5:14 | On Prayer 11.2 · Origen | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 233–234 |
| Gal 5:16 | Miscellanies 4.8.60 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Gal 5:16 | Refutation of All Heresies 5.8.31 · Hippolytus of Rome | echo, low confidence | ca. 222–235 |
| Gal 5:17 | To the Philippians 5.3 · Polycarp of Smyrna | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 110–135 |
| Gal 5:17 | To Diognetus 6.5 · Anonymous | echo, medium confidence | ca. 150–200 (disputed) |
| Gal 5:17 | Miscellanies 4.8.60 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Gal 5:17 | Miscellanies 4.8.61 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Gal 5:17 | Miscellanies 6.16.134 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Gal 5:17 | Miscellanies 6.16.136 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Gal 5:17 | Miscellanies 6.6.52 · Clement of Alexandria | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Gal 5:17 | Miscellanies 7.12.79 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Gal 5:17 | Refutation of All Heresies 5.26.25 · Hippolytus of Rome | echo, medium confidence | ca. 222–235 |
| Gal 5:17 | On Prayer 29.1 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 233–234 |
| Gal 5:17 | On Prayer 29.2 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 233–234 |
| Gal 5:17 | On the Trinity 29 · Novatian | allusion, high confidence | ca. 240–250 |
| Gal 5:17 | Against Celsus 3.28 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 248 |
| Gal 5:17 | Against Celsus 8.23 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 248 |
| Gal 5:17–23 | On the Lord's Prayer 16 · Cyprian of Carthage | quotation, high confidence | ca. 252 |
| Gal 5:19 | Didache 5.1 · Anonymous | echo, medium confidence | ca. 50–150 (often ca. 100) |
| Gal 5:19 | To Autolycus 2.34 · Theophilus of Antioch | echo, low confidence | ca. 180–185 |
| Gal 5:19 | The Instructor 2.10.100 · Clement of Alexandria | echo, medium confidence | ca. 190–200 |
| Gal 5:19 | Miscellanies 4.8.61 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Gal 5:19 | On Prayer 25.3 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 233–234 |
| Gal 5:20 | Miscellanies 4.8.61 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Gal 5:20 | Prescription against Heretics 6 · Tertullian | allusion, high confidence | ca. 203 |
| Gal 5:21 | Miscellanies 4.8.61 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Gal 5:21 | Against Marcion 5.10 · Tertullian | allusion, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Gal 5:22 | Shepherd of Hermas, Similitude 9.15.2 (92.2) · Hermas | echo, medium confidence | ca. 100–150 |
| Gal 5:22 | Miscellanies 4.8.61 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Gal 5:22 | On Prayer 25.3 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 233–234 |
| Gal 5:23 | Miscellanies 4.8.61 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Gal 5:24 | Miscellanies 2.20.108 · Clement of Alexandria | echo, medium confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Gal 5:24 | Miscellanies 3.4.25 · Clement of Alexandria | echo, medium confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Gal 5:24 | Miscellanies 4.7.43 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Gal 5:25 | The Instructor 3.12.95 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 190–200 |
| Gal 5:25 | Miscellanies 4.7.43 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Gal 5:25 | Miscellanies 5.6.34 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Gal 5:25 | Against Celsus 7.52 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 248 |
| Gal 5:26 | The Instructor 3.12.95 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 190–200 |
| Gal 5:26 | Miscellanies 1.8.41 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Gal 6:2 | To Polycarp 1.2 · Ignatius of Antioch | echo, low confidence | ca. 110 (range ca. 105–135) |
| Gal 6:2 | To Diognetus 10.6 · Anonymous | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 150–200 (disputed) |
| Gal 6:2 | The Instructor 3.12.95 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 190–200 |
| Gal 6:2 | Miscellanies 3.1.4 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Gal 6:2 | Miscellanies 7.12.80 · Clement of Alexandria | echo, low confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Gal 6:2 | Against Marcion 5.4 · Tertullian | quotation, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Gal 6:7 | To the Philippians 5.1 · Polycarp of Smyrna | quotation, high confidence | ca. 110–135 |
| Gal 6:7 | The Instructor 3.12.95 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 190–200 |
| Gal 6:7 | Who Is the Rich Man That Is Saved? 41.7 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 190–210 |
| Gal 6:7 | Miscellanies 5.14.121 · Clement of Alexandria | echo, low confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Gal 6:7 | Against Marcion 5.4 · Tertullian | quotation, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Gal 6:7 | On the Lapsed 28 · Cyprian of Carthage | quotation, high confidence | 251 |
| Gal 6:8 | Miscellanies 1.1.4 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Gal 6:8 | Miscellanies 4.7.43 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Gal 6:8 | On Prayer 19.2 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 233–234 |
| Gal 6:9 | The Instructor 3.12.95 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 190–200 |
| Gal 6:9 | Miscellanies 1.1.4 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Gal 6:9 | Against Marcion 5.4 · Tertullian | quotation, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Gal 6:10 | Miscellanies 1.1.8 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Gal 6:10 | Against Marcion 5.4 · Tertullian | quotation, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Gal 6:14 | To the Romans 7.2 · Ignatius of Antioch | echo, medium confidence | ca. 110 (range ca. 105–135) |
| Gal 6:14 | The Instructor 3.12.85 · Clement of Alexandria | echo, low confidence | ca. 190–200 |
| Gal 6:14 | Miscellanies 2.20.104 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Gal 6:14 | Miscellanies 4.3.12 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Gal 6:14 | Against Marcion 5.4 · Tertullian | quotation, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Gal 6:14 | Against Celsus 2.69 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 248 |
| Gal 6:14 | Against Celsus 5.64 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 248 |
| Gal 6:14 | Against Celsus 5.65 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 248 |
| Gal 6:16 | Dialogue with Trypho 11.5 · Justin Martyr | echo, medium confidence | ca. 155–160 |
| Gal 6:17 | Excerpts from Theodotus 86.2 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 200 |
| Gal 6:17 | Against Marcion 5.4 · Tertullian | allusion, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Gal 6:17 | Against Celsus 6.9 · Origen | echo, low confidence | ca. 248 |
| Gal 6:18 | Epistle of Barnabas 21.9 · Anonymous | echo, medium confidence | ca. 70–135 (often ca. 130) |