Hebrews 1 in the early church
462 passages quote, allude to, or echo Hebrews 1, grouped by verse; passages on the same verse are in date order. Verse text from the Berean Standard Bible (public domain). References use the Protestant English Bible's numbering, with a writer's own numbering in brackets where it differs.
Verses: 1 · 2 · 3 · 4 · 5 · 6 · 7 · 8 · 9 · 10 · 11 · 12 · 13 · 14
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Hebrews 1 as a whole
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Heb 1–Heb:13 | Canon 60 · Anonymous | allusion, high confidence | ca. 343–381 |
| Heb 1–Heb:13 | Canon 47 · Anonymous | allusion, high confidence | 397 |
Hebrews 1:1
On many past occasions and in many different ways, God spoke to our fathers through the prophets.
Hebrews 1:2
But in these last days He has spoken to us by His Son, whom He appointed heir of all things, and through whom He made the universe.
Hebrews 1:3
The Son is the radiance of God’s glory and the exact representation of His nature, upholding all things by His powerful word. After He had provided purification for sins, He sat down at the right hand of the Majesty on high.
Hebrews 1:4
So He became as far superior to the angels as the name He has inherited is excellent beyond theirs.
Hebrews 1:5
For to which of the angels did God ever say: “You are My Son; today I have become Your Father”? Or again: “I will be His Father, and He will be My Son”?
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Heb 1:5 | 1 Clement 36.4 · Clement of Rome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 95–97 (range ca. 70–100) |
| Heb 1:5 | On Pascha 9 · text not on this site · Melito of Sardis | echo, low confidence | ca. 160-180 |
| Heb 1:5 | Homily on Luke 31 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 233–250 |
| Heb 1:5 | Prophetic Extracts 1.20 · Eusebius of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | before 325 (probably ca. 310–320) |
| Heb 1:5 | Oration I Against the Arians 57 · Athanasius of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 339–346 |
| Heb 1:5 | Oration I Against the Arians 62 · Athanasius of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 339–346 |
| Heb 1:5 | Altercatio, chapter 2, speech 16 · Evagrius of Gaul | allusion, high confidence | ca. 400 |
Hebrews 1:6
And again, when God brings His firstborn into the world, He says: “Let all God’s angels worship Him.”
Hebrews 1:7
Now about the angels He says: “He makes His angels winds, His servants flames of fire.”
Hebrews 1:8
But about the Son He says: “Your throne, O God, endures forever and ever, and justice is the scepter of Your kingdom.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Heb 1:8 | Dialogue with Trypho 38.4 · Justin Martyr | echo, medium confidence | ca. 155–160 |
| Heb 1:8–9 | Against Celsus 1.56 · Origen | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 248 |
| Heb 1:8–9 | Letter of the six bishops to Paul 2 · Anonymous | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 264–269 |
| Heb 1:8 | Oration I Against the Arians 58 · Athanasius of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 339–346 |
| Heb 1:8 | Homilies on Matthew 65.3 · John Chrysostom | quotation, high confidence | ca. 390 |
Hebrews 1:9
You have loved righteousness and hated wickedness; therefore God, Your God, has anointed You above Your companions with the oil of joy.”
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Heb 1:9 | The Instructor 2.8.65 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, medium confidence | ca. 190–200 |
| Heb 1:9 | On First Principles 2.6.4 · Origen | quotation, medium confidence | ca. 220–230 (Rufinus's translation 398) |
| Heb 1:9 | Exhortation to Martyrdom 11 · Origen | echo, low confidence | 235 |
| Heb 1:9 | Commentary on the Song of Songs 1.100 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 240–245 (Rufinus's translation ca. 410) |
| Heb 1:9 | Demonstration of the Gospel 8.2.41 · Eusebius of Caesarea | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 314–324 |
| Heb 1:9 | Letter 1.3 · Alexander of Alexandria | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 319–324 |
| Heb 1:9 | Catechetical Lecture 21.2 · Cyril of Jerusalem | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 350 |
| Heb 1:9 | On the Trinity 11.10 · Hilary of Poitiers | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 356–360 |
| Heb 1:9 | On the Trinity 11.19 · Hilary of Poitiers | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 356–360 |
| Heb 1:9 | Exposition of Psalm 118 8.54.1 · Ambrose | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 386-397 |
Hebrews 1:10
And: “In the beginning, O Lord, You laid the foundations of the earth, and the heavens are the work of Your hands.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Heb 1:10 | Oration I Against the Arians 57 · Athanasius of Alexandria | allusion, high confidence | ca. 339–346 |
| Heb 1:10 | Oration I Against the Arians 58 · Athanasius of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 339–346 |
| Heb 1:10 | Catechetical Lecture 15.28 · Cyril of Jerusalem | allusion, high confidence | ca. 350 |
| Heb 1:10 | Letters to Serapion 2.3 · Athanasius of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 357–360 |
| Heb 1:10 | On the Christian Faith 5.2 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 378–380 |
| Heb 1:10 | On the Trinity 3 · Faustinus | allusion, high confidence | ca. 380–384 |
Hebrews 1:11
They will perish, but You remain; they will all wear out like a garment.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Heb 1:11 | Commentary on Matthew, Latin Series 36 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–249 (Latin translation, 4th–5th century) |
| Heb 1:11 | Oration I Against the Arians 58 · Athanasius of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 339–346 |
| Heb 1:11 | Oration II Against the Arians 76 · Athanasius of Alexandria | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 339–346 |
| Heb 1:11 | Letters to Serapion 2.3 · Athanasius of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 357–360 |
| Heb 1:11 | Eleven Tractates 5.82 · Priscillian | quotation, high confidence | ca. 380–385 |
Hebrews 1:12
You will roll them up like a robe; like a garment they will be changed; but You remain the same, and Your years will never end.”
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Heb 1:12 | Letters to Serapion 2.3 · Athanasius of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 357–360 |
Hebrews 1:13
Yet to which of the angels did God ever say: “Sit at My right hand until I make Your enemies a footstool for Your feet”?
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Heb 1:13 | 1 Clement 36.5 · Clement of Rome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 95–97 (range ca. 70–100) |
| Heb 1:13 | Oration I Against the Arians 55 · Athanasius of Alexandria | allusion, high confidence | ca. 339–346 |
| Heb 1:13 | Catechetical Lecture 14.29 · Cyril of Jerusalem | quotation, high confidence | ca. 350 |
| Heb 1:13–14 | On the Holy Spirit 13 · Didymus the Blind | quotation, high confidence | Greek ca. 360-390; Latin 387-391 |
| Heb 1:13 | On the Trinity 2 · Faustinus | quotation, high confidence | ca. 380–384 |
| Heb 1:13 | Exposition of Psalm 118 10.14.3 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 386-397 |
| Heb 1:13 | Homilies on Matthew 65.3 · John Chrysostom | quotation, high confidence | ca. 390 |
| Heb 1:13 | On the Trinity 3.11 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 399–419 |
| Heb 1:13 | Enchiridion (Handbook on Faith, Hope, and Love) 58 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 421–423 |
Hebrews 1:14
Are not the angels ministering spirits sent to serve those who will inherit salvation?
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Heb 1:14 | Sentences of Sextus 32 · Anonymous | echo, medium confidence | 2nd-early 3rd cent. |
| Heb 1:14 | Sentence 32 (Greek) · Anonymous | echo, medium confidence | 2nd-early 3rd cent. |
| Heb 1:14 | Who Is the Rich Man That Is Saved? 29.4 · Clement of Alexandria | allusion, high confidence | ca. 190–210 |
| Heb 1:14 | Miscellanies 6.17.157 · Clement of Alexandria | echo, low confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Heb 1:14 | Miscellanies 6.17.161 · Clement of Alexandria | echo, medium confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Heb 1:14 | Commentary on Daniel 4.30 · Hippolytus of Rome | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 202-204 |
| Heb 1:14 | Against Marcion 2.9 · Tertullian | allusion, medium confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Heb 1:14 | On First Principles 1.0.10 · Origen | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 220–230 (Rufinus's translation 398) |
| Heb 1:14 | On First Principles 1.5.1 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 220–230 (Rufinus's translation 398) |
| Heb 1:14 | On First Principles 3.3.6 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 220–230 (Rufinus's translation 398) |
| Heb 1:14 | Fragments on the Song of Songs, chapter 3 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 220-254 |
| Heb 1:14 | Fragments on Genesis, column 83 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 220-254 |
| Heb 1:14 | Fragments on Genesis, column 101 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 220-254 |
| Heb 1:14 | PG 12:1419 (Ps 43 LXX) · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 220-254 |
| Heb 1:14 | Refutation of All Heresies 9.30.2 · Hippolytus of Rome | echo, low confidence | ca. 222–235 |
| Heb 1:14 | Commentary on John 10.187 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 230–248 |
| Heb 1:14 | Commentary on John 32.199 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 230–248 |
| Heb 1:14 | Commentary on John 32.200 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 230–248 |
| Heb 1:14 | On Prayer 6.4 · Origen | echo, low confidence | ca. 233–234 |
| Heb 1:14 | On Prayer 27.10 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 233–234 |
| Heb 1:14 | Homily on Luke 13 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 233–250 |
| Heb 1:14 | On the Witch of Endor 7 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 240 |
| Heb 1:14 | Homilies on Joshua 8.6 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Heb 1:14 | Homilies on Joshua 23.3 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Heb 1:14 | Homilies on Judges 3.3 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Heb 1:14 | Homilies on Numbers 5.3 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Heb 1:14 | Homilies on Numbers 11.4 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Heb 1:14 | Commentary on the Song of Songs 3.185 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 240–245 (Rufinus's translation ca. 410) |
| Heb 1:14 | Commentary on the Song of Songs 3.227 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 240–245 (Rufinus's translation ca. 410) |
| Heb 1:14 | Commentary on the Song of Songs 3.235 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 240–245 (Rufinus's translation ca. 410) |
| Heb 1:14 | Against Celsus 5.4 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 248 |
| Heb 1:14 | Against Celsus 8.34 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 248 |
| Heb 1:14 | Commentary on Matthew, Latin Series 64 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–249 (Latin translation, 4th–5th century) |
| Heb 1:14 | Commentary on Matthew 12.13 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 246–248 |
| Heb 1:14 | Commentary on Romans 1.18 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Heb 1:14 | Commentary on Romans 2.5 · Origen | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Heb 1:14 | Commentary on Romans 7.1 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Heb 1:14 | Commentary on Romans 7.3 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Heb 1:14 | Commentary on Romans 7.5 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Heb 1:14 | Commentary on Romans 9.30 · Origen | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Heb 1:14 | Res. 1.7 · Methodius of Olympus | quotation, high confidence | late 3rd cent. (disputed) |
| Heb 1:14 | Preparation for the Gospel 4.5.4 · Eusebius of Caesarea | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 313–324 |
| Heb 1:14 | Preparation for the Gospel 7.16.1 · Eusebius of Caesarea | allusion, high confidence | ca. 313–324 |
| Heb 1:14 | Demonstration of the Gospel 3.3.18 · Eusebius of Caesarea | echo, low confidence | ca. 314–324 |
| Heb 1:14 | Demonstration of the Gospel 6.18.43 · Eusebius of Caesarea | echo, medium confidence | ca. 314–324 |
| Heb 1:14 | Demonstration of the Gospel 8.1.62 · Eusebius of Caesarea | echo, medium confidence | ca. 314–324 |
| Heb 1:14 | Letter 3.5 · Antony the Great | echo, medium confidence | before 356 |
| Heb 1:14 | On the Witch of Endor 20 · Eustathius of Antioch | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 324–337 |
| Heb 1:14 | Oration I Against the Arians 55 · Athanasius of Alexandria | allusion, high confidence | ca. 339–346 |
| Heb 1:14 | Oration I Against the Arians 62 · Athanasius of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 339–346 |
| Heb 1:14 | Oration III Against the Arians 14 · Athanasius of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 339–346 |
| Heb 1:14 | Catechetical Lecture 16.23 · Cyril of Jerusalem | allusion, high confidence | ca. 350 |
| Heb 1:14 | Letters to Serapion 1.1 · Athanasius of Alexandria | allusion, high confidence | ca. 357–360 |
| Heb 1:14 | Letters to Serapion 1.10 · Athanasius of Alexandria | allusion, high confidence | ca. 357–360 |
| Heb 1:14 | Letter 125 · Basil of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 357–378 |
| Heb 1:14 | Homilies on the Psalms 45.2 · Basil of Caesarea | allusion, high confidence | ca. 360-378 |
| Heb 1:14 | On the Holy Spirit 7 · Didymus the Blind | allusion, medium confidence | Greek ca. 360-390; Latin 387-391 |
| Heb 1:14 | On the Holy Spirit 46 · Didymus the Blind | allusion, high confidence | Greek ca. 360-390; Latin 387-391 |
| Heb 1:14 | On the Holy Spirit 56 · Didymus the Blind | quotation, high confidence | Greek ca. 360-390; Latin 387-391 |
| Heb 1:14 | Tractates on the Psalms 120.4 · Hilary of Poitiers | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 360–367 |
| Heb 1:14 | Tractates on the Psalms 129.7 · Hilary of Poitiers | quotation, high confidence | ca. 360–367 |
| Heb 1:14 | Tractates on the Psalms 134.17 · Hilary of Poitiers | allusion, high confidence | ca. 360–367 |
| Heb 1:14 | Oration 17.11 · Gregory of Nazianzus | echo, low confidence | ca. 362–383 |
| Heb 1:14 | Oration 41.13 · Gregory of Nazianzus | echo, low confidence | ca. 362–383 |
| Heb 1:14 | Oration 44.3 · Gregory of Nazianzus | allusion, high confidence | ca. 362–383 |
| Heb 1:14 | Against Eunomius 2.20 · Basil of Caesarea | allusion, high confidence | ca. 364 |
| Heb 1:14 | Against Eunomius 3.1 · Basil of Caesarea | allusion, high confidence | ca. 364 |
| Heb 1:14 | Homilies 15.2 · Basil of Caesarea | allusion, high confidence | ca. 363-378 |
| Heb 1:14 | On the Holy Spirit 16.38 · Basil of Caesarea | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 374–375 |
| Heb 1:14 | On the Holy Spirit 21.52 · Basil of Caesarea | allusion, high confidence | ca. 374–375 |
| Heb 1:14 | Panarion (Adversus Haereses), Haer. 1-64 40.4.2 · Epiphanius of Salamis | quotation, high confidence | 374-377 |
| Heb 1:14 | Theological Oration 2 (Or. 28), On the Doctrine of God 8 · Gregory of Nazianzus | echo, low confidence | 380 |
| Heb 1:14 | On the Life of Moses 383 · Gregory of Nyssa | allusion, high confidence | ca. 385–395 |
| Heb 1:14 | Exposition of Psalm 118 1.9.1 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 386-397 |
| Heb 1:14 | Exposition of Psalm 118 10.13.1 · Ambrose | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 386-397 |
| Heb 1:14 | Exposition of Psalm 118 22.22.2 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 386-397 |
| Heb 1:14 | Explanation of Twelve Psalms 43.14.3 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 387-397 |
| Heb 1:14 | Homily 1 · Gregory of Nyssa | allusion, high confidence | ca. 390–394 |
| Heb 1:14 | Homily 3 · Gregory of Nyssa | allusion, high confidence | ca. 390–394 |
| Heb 1:14 | Homily 5 · Gregory of Nyssa | quotation, high confidence | ca. 390–394 |
| Heb 1:14 | Homily 12 · Gregory of Nyssa | allusion, high confidence | ca. 390–394 |
| Heb 1:14 | On the Trinity 3.11 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 399–419 |
| Heb 1:14 | Questions and Answers to the Orthodox 30 · Anonymous | allusion, medium confidence | 5th century (disputed) |
| Heb 1:14 | Theodotus, ACO I.1.2, homily 73.9 · Theodotus of Ancyra | quotation, high confidence | 431 |